Publication: AML/CFT National Risk Assessment on Virtual Assets and Virtual Asset Service Providers: Guidance Manual
Loading...
Published
2025-10-18
ISSN
Date
2025-10-28
Author(s)
Editor(s)
Abstract
This document provides instructions for conducting a risk assessment using the World Bank’s updated VA and VASP risk assessment tool. By following the step-by-step approach outlined in this document, jurisdictions can gain the most value from the tool and obtain actionable insights to inform their regulatory and enforcement responses to ML/TF risks in the VA/VASP sector.
Link to Data Set
Citation
“World Bank. 2025. AML/CFT National Risk Assessment on Virtual Assets and Virtual Asset Service Providers: Guidance Manual. National Money Laundering/Terrorist Financing Risk Assessment (NRA) Toolkit. © World Bank. http://hdl.handle.net/10986/43905 License: CC BY-NC 3.0 IGO.”
Digital Object Identifier
Associated URLs
Associated content
Other publications in this report series
Journal
Journal Volume
Journal Issue
Citations
Collections
Related items
Showing items related by metadata.
Publication Virtual Assets and Virtual Asset Service Providers ML/ TF Risk Assessment Tool(Washington, DC, 2022)The World Bank’s VA and VASP ML/TF Risk Assessment Tool (VA-RA) and this Guidance, aims to assist countries in assessing the ML/TF risks of VA activities and the service providers in the financial and non-financial sectors involved in these activities. It outlines the steps and explanations to assist countries to understand the ML/TF risks associated with VA activities. It examines VA activities and VASPs that fall within the scope of the FATF Recommendations, as these VASPs have the same full set of obligations as financial institutions or Designated Non-Financial Businesses or Professions (DNFBPs). It also considers other actors within the technology providers sector that may fall within the definition of FATF VASPs if they provide any of the functions defined in the FATF Recommendation 15.Publication AML/CFT Regulation : Implications for Financial Service Providers that Serve Low-Income People(Washington, DC, 2005-07)This report on anti-money laundering (AML) and combating the financing of terrorism (CFT) regulation addresses the consequences of these regulations on low-income people. The introduction of new or tightened AML/CFT regulations may have the unintended and undesirable consequence of reducing the access of low-income individuals to formal financial services. As a means to avoid this outcome, this paper argues in favor of gradual implementation of new measures; the adoption of a risk-based approach to regulation; and the use of exemptions for low-risk categories of transactions.Publication Combating Money Laundering and the Financing of Terrorism - A Comprehensive Training Guide : Workbook 1. Effects on Economic Development and International Standards(World Bank, 2009)"Combating Money Laundering and the Financing of Terrorism: a Comprehensive Training Guide" is one of the products of the capacity enhancement program on Anti-Money Laundering and Combating the Funding of Terrorism (AML/CFT), which has been co-funded by the Governments of Sweden, Japan, Denmark, and Canada. The program offers countries the tools, skills, and knowledge to build and strengthen their institutional, legal, and regulatory frameworks to successfully implement their national action plan on these efforts. This workbook includes seven training course modules: effects on economic development and international standards (module one); legal requirements to meet international standards (module two); regulatory and institutional requirements for AML/CFT (module three a ); compliance requirements for financial institutions (module three b); building an effective financial intelligence unit (module four); domestic (interagency) and international cooperation (module five); combating the financing of terrorism(module six); and investigating money laundering and terrorist financing (module seven).Publication Anti-Money Laundering and Combating the Financing of Terrorism : Republic of Uganda(Washington, DC, 2007-08)This assessment of the anti-money laundering (AML) and combating the financing of terrorism (CFT) regime of Uganda was based on the 2003 Forty Recommendations on Money Laundering and the Nine Special Recommendations on Terrorist Financing of the Financial Action Task Force (FATF) (FATF 40+9), and was prepared using the AML/CFT Methodology of 2004. During the mission, the assessment team met with officials and representatives of relevant government agencies and the private sector. This report provides a summary of the AML/CFT measures in place in Uganda as of the date of completion of the on-site the mission, February 23. 2005. After describing and analyzing those measures, it provides recommendations on how certain aspects of the system could be strengthened. It also sets out Uganda s levels of compliance with the FATF 40+9 Recommendations.Publication Combating Money Laundering and the Financing of Terrorism - A Comprehensive Training Guide : Workbook 7. Investigating Money Laundering and Terrorist Financing(World Bank, 2009)"Combating Money Laundering and the Financing of Terrorism: a Comprehensive Training Guide" is one of the products of the capacity enhancement program on Anti-Money Laundering and Combating the Funding of Terrorism (AML/CFT), which has been co-funded by the Governments of Sweden, Japan, Denmark, and Canada. The program offers countries the tools, skills, and knowledge to build and strengthen their institutional, legal, and regulatory frameworks to successfully implement their national action plan on these efforts. This workbook includes seven training course modules: effects on economic development and international standards (module one); legal requirements to meet international standards (module two); regulatory and institutional requirements for AML/CFT (module three a ); compliance requirements for financial institutions (module three b); building an effective financial intelligence unit (module four); domestic (interagency) and international cooperation (module five); combating the financing of terrorism(module six); and investigating money laundering and terrorist financing (module seven).
Users also downloaded
Showing related downloaded files
Publication Global Economic Prospects, June 2025(Washington, DC: World Bank, 2025-06-10)The global economy is facing another substantial headwind, emanating largely from an increase in trade tensions and heightened global policy uncertainty. For emerging market and developing economies (EMDEs), the ability to boost job creation and reduce extreme poverty has declined. Key downside risks include a further escalation of trade barriers and continued policy uncertainty. These challenges are exacerbated by subdued foreign direct investment into EMDEs. Global cooperation is needed to restore a more stable international trade environment and scale up support for vulnerable countries grappling with conflict, debt burdens, and climate change. Domestic policy action is also critical to contain inflation risks and strengthen fiscal resilience. To accelerate job creation and long-term growth, structural reforms must focus on raising institutional quality, attracting private investment, and strengthening human capital and labor markets. Countries in fragile and conflict situations face daunting development challenges that will require tailored domestic policy reforms and well-coordinated multilateral support.Publication The Global Findex Database 2025: Connectivity and Financial Inclusion in the Digital Economy(Washington, DC: World Bank, 2025-07-16)The Global Findex 2025 reveals how mobile technology is equipping more adults around the world to own and use financial accounts to save formally, access credit, make and receive digital payments, and pursue opportunities. Including the inaugural Global Findex Digital Connectivity Tracker, this fifth edition of Global Findex presents new insights on the interactions among mobile phone ownership, internet use, and financial inclusion. The Global Findex is the world’s most comprehensive database on digital and financial inclusion. It is also the only global source of comparable demand-side data, allowing cross-country analysis of how adults access and use mobile phones, the internet, and financial accounts to reach digital information and resources, save, borrow, make payments, and manage their financial health. Data for the Global Findex 2025 were collected from nationally representative surveys of about 145,000 adults in 141 economies. The latest edition follows the 2011, 2014, 2017, and 2021 editions and includes new series measuring mobile phone ownership and internet use, digital safety, and frequency of transactions using financial services. The Global Findex 2025 is an indispensable resource for policy makers in the fields of digital connectivity and financial inclusion, as well as for practitioners, researchers, and development professionals.Publication Running Uphill(Washington, DC: World Bank, 2025-07-15)Faster growth was driven by pro-investment reforms implemented in a period of high returns to investment and facilitated by public foundational infrastructure investment. Macroeconomic and structural reforms enhanced stability and lowered investment costs. Public investment, increasing from 2.5 to 5.0 percent of GDP on average in the past decade, contributed to providing some of the public goods needed. Given the remaining gaps in investment relative to global standards, these reforms led to high returns to private investment, creating the right conditions to attract more investment from home and abroad, particularly to lagging regions. Spatial convergence became another engine of growth. A more complex external environment and ambitious national targets call for accelerating growth and improving labor outcomes. Potential growth must rise to create more productive jobs. This requires improved connectivity infrastructure, better local governance, and innovation policies to enhance productivity, together with regulatory and trade reforms to optimize resource allocation and tap into the global economy. It also requires stronger skills to prepare for the jobs of the future. In the following six chapters, this report looks at these issues in detail. The first two chapters look at macro and micro features of growth and job creation. They centrally position better labor outcomes as an objective of faster growth. They examine how policies supported or inhibited job creation and growth, and provide long-term growth projections. The subsequent three chapters look at specific development challenges. Chapter 3 looks at spatial growth and job creation dynamics; Chapter 4 looks at technology adoption and productivity dynamics; and Chapter 5 looks at how climate events affect firms’ performance and decisions on investment and jobs.Publication Commodity Markets Outlook, October 2025(Washington, DC: World Bank, 2025-10-29)Commodity prices are expected to decline by about 7 percent overall this year, reflecting subdued global economic activity, elevated trade tensions and policy uncertainty, ample global supply of oil, and weather-related supply shocks. In 2026, commodity prices are forecast to fall by a further 7 percent, a fourth consecutive year of decline, as global growth remains sluggish and the oil market oversupplied. Energy price movements are envisaged to continue contributing to global disinflation in 2026. Metals and minerals prices are expected to remain stable in 2026, while agricultural prices are projected to edge down, primarily due to strong supply conditions. Precious metals prices are expected to rise another 5 percent, after a historically large, investment-driven rally of about 40 percent in 2025. Risks to the commodity price projections are tilted to the downside. Key downside risks include weaker-than-expected global growth, a longer-than-assumed period of economic policy uncertainty, and additional oversupply of oil. Upside risks include intensifying geopolitical tensions, the market impact of additional oil sanctions, supply reductions stemming from additional trade restrictions, unfavorable weather conditions, faster-than-expected rollout of new data centers. Commodity price volatility in recent years has revived interest in supply management via international commodity agreements. Historical experience, however, shows that the most effective policy is to promote diversification, innovation, transparency, and market-based pricing—measures that build lasting resilience to commodity price volatility.Publication Commodity Markets Outlook, April 2025(Washington, DC: World Bank, 2025-04-29)Commodity prices are set to fall sharply this year, by about 12 percent overall, as weakening global economic growth weighs on demand. In 2026, commodity prices are projected to reach a six-year low. Oil prices are expected to exert substantial downward pressure on the aggregate commodity index in 2025, as a marked slowdown in global oil consumption coincides with expanding supply. The anticipated commodity price softening is broad-based, however, with more than half of the commodities in the forecast set to decrease this year, many by more than 10 percent. The latest shocks to hit commodity markets extend a so far tumultuous decade, marked by the highest level of commodity price volatility in at least half a century. Between 2020 and 2024, commodity price swings were frequent and sharp, with knock-on consequences for economic activity and inflation. In the next two years, commodity prices are expected to put downward pressure on global inflation. Risks to the commodity price projections are tilted to the downside. A sharper-than-expected slowdown in global growth—driven by worsening trade relations or a prolonged tightening of financial conditions—could further depress commodity demand, especially for industrial products. In addition, if OPEC+ fully unwinds its voluntary supply cuts, oil production will far exceed projected consumption. There are also important upside risks to commodity prices—for instance, if geopolitical tensions worsen, threatening oil and gas supplies, or if extreme weather events lead to agricultural and energy price spikes.