Publication: Global Scaling Up Handwashing Project : Involving Men in Handwashing Behavior Change Interventions in Senegal
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2010-06
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2012-08-13
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Launched in December 2006, the Water and Sanitation Program (WSP) Global Scaling up Handwashing Project has been implemented by local and National governments in Peru, Senegal, Tanzania, and Vietnam, with technical support from WSP. A central component of the handwashing project is the planning and implementation of an integrated communications program that includes mass media at national and local levels and community promotional events, led by private firms skilled in experiential marketing and advertising. In addition, interpersonal communications at the household level is handled by fieldworkers (called relays in Senegal) who have previously worked on other public health issues such as family planning, nutrition, and HIV/AIDS prevention. The main responsibility of the relays is to reach out to the households and convince mothers to set up designated areas for handwashing (i.e., handwashing stations) to provide convenient access to soap and water when and where needed.
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“World Bank. 2010. Global Scaling Up Handwashing Project : Involving Men in Handwashing Behavior Change Interventions in Senegal. Water and Sanitation Program : Learning Note. © World Bank. http://hdl.handle.net/10986/11699 License: CC BY 3.0 IGO.”
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Those improvements translated into higher self-reported and observed handwashing with soap at critical junctures. However, no significant improvements in the health of children under the age of five were observed. The results are consistent with earlier literature, which indicates that substantively changing behavior to improve health is a complex task requiring intensive and more personalized interventions.Publication Senegal : A Handwashing Behavior Change Journey(Washington, DC, 2010-09)In 2003, the Public-Private Partnership for Handwashing with Soap (PPPHW) was created in Senegal with technical assistance from the Water and Sanitation Program (WSP). Housed initially within the Office Nationale de L'Assainissement, the government unit overseeing sanitation within the Ministry of Health, the PPPHW's main objective was to catalyze and coordinate multi-sectoral involvement in the promotion of handwashing with soap. This learning note serves to document the behavior change component of the project in Senegal, including key strategies, results, challenges, and lessons learned.Publication Handwashing Behavior Change at Scale : Evidence from a Randomized Evaluation in Vietnam(World Bank, Washington, DC, 2012-09)Handwashing with soap, which has been shown to reduce diarrhea in young children by as much as 48 percent, is frequently mentioned as one of the most effective and inexpensive ways to save children's lives. Yet rates of handwashing remain very low throughout the world. Handwashing with soap campaigns are de rigueur in developing countries, but little is known about their effectiveness. Few have been rigorously evaluated, and none on a large-scale. This paper evaluates a large-scale handwashing campaign in three provinces of Vietnam in 2010. Exposure to the campaign resulted in a slight increase in the availability of handwashing materials in the household, and caregivers in the treatment group were more likely to report washing hands at some of the times emphasized by the campaign. However, observed handwashing with soap at these times is low, and there isn't any difference between the treatment and control groups. As a result, no impact on health or productivity is found. These results suggest that even under seemingly optimal conditions, where knowledge and access to soap and water are not main constraints, behavior change campaigns that take place on a large scale face tradeoffs in terms of intensity and effectiveness.Publication Tanzania : A Handwashing Behavior Change Journey(Washington, DC, 2011-10)In Tanzania, nearly 30,000 people die annually due to diarrheal diseases and an estimated 12.6 percent of children suffer from diarrheal diseases. There is a widespread and deep-rooted belief that diarrhea is part of growing up and cannot be prevented. Working with the government and with non-governmental organizations, the Water and Sanitation Program (WSP) sought to increase rates of handwashing with soap among women and children, especially at critical junctures. This learning note documents the development of the project, with a focus on how it was designed, implemented, and monitored. Challenges and lessons learned are highlighted to assist program managers in designing and managing evidence-based handwashing with soap and other hygiene promotion programs.Publication Global Scaling up Hand Washing Project : Endline Assessment of the Enabling Environment in Peru(World Bank, Washington, DC, 2011-06)The Water and Sanitation Program (WSP) is in the final phase of the Global Scaling up Hand washing Project, implemented in Peru, Senegal, Tanzania, and Vietnam. In Peru, where the project is known as Iniciativa de Lavado de Manos, or the Hand washing Initiative (HWI), the specific target is to reach 5.1 million women and children under the age of 12 with hand washing messages by the end of the four-year implementation period (November 2010). The ultimate goal is to have 1.3 million people practicing improved hand washing behaviors. This report summarizes the end line assessment of the enabling environment (EE) for the Global Scaling up Hand washing Project in Peru. This assessment aimed to evaluate the robustness of the programmatic conditions for scale up and sustainability as the project's implementation phase was winding down. Research carried out from October 18 to November 5, 2010, followed a 2007 baseline EE assessment. The same instrument was used in both assessments, with some modifications and additions made in 2010 based on program experience and learning. An international consultant carried out the assessment.
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