Publication: Botswana : Selected Development Impact of HIV/AIDS
Loading...
Published
2001-04-20
ISSN
Date
2013-09-03
Author(s)
Editor(s)
Abstract
The objective of this report is to provide an overview of the selected likely development impact of HIV/AIDS for Botswana. The purpose is to develop a framework for dialogue with the Government, relevant stakeholders, and the donor community on the appropriate actions to pursue in support of the Government's strategy on the epidemic. The review was also initiated as an exercise to complement the efforts of policymakers in Botswana to incorporate HIV/AIDS into the planning process on a regular basis. As such, it is directed at the officials at the ministries of finance and development planning. It employs conventional demographic and economic models to analyze selected development impacts of HIV/AIDS on the economy, thereby providing an illustration of how these impacts can be incorporated in the regular planning processes (including annual budgeting) in the finance and development ministries of the Government. It points out the need for monitoring the progression of the epidemic through further research and improvements in the existing research instruments.
Link to Data Set
Citation
“World Bank. 2001. Botswana : Selected Development Impact of HIV/AIDS. © World Bank. http://hdl.handle.net/10986/15536 License: CC BY 3.0 IGO.”
Digital Object Identifier
Associated URLs
Associated content
Other publications in this report series
Journal
Journal Volume
Journal Issue
Collections
Related items
Showing items related by metadata.
Publication Swaziland : Selected Development Impact of HIV/AIDS(Washington, DC, 2001-04-10)This report was initiated as an exercise to assist policy makers in Swaziland in their effort to incorporate HIV/AIDS into the planning process on a regular basis, and provides an overview of selected, likely development impacts of the epidemic for the country. Through conventional demographic, and economic models, it analyzes the HIV/AIDS impacts on the economy, and illustrates how these impacts can be incorporated in the regular planning processes - including annual budgeting - in the finance, and development ministries of Government. It also points at the need for monitoring the progression of the epidemic, through further research, and improvements in existing instruments. Chapter I reviews the status of HIV/AIDS, and the factors exacerbating the spread of the epidemic, and Chapter II examines the demographic impact, and its effect on labor, and human resource development, for unlike population control programs, AIDS epidemic damages the economy by reducing the size of the economically active population, and imposes a "shock" on the socioeconomic status of the household. Chapter III analyzes the impact of the disease on the public service, and Chapter IV reviews policy options. Recommendations suggest reducing HIV transmission, and AIDS morbidity, and, proposes initiating programs for skills replacement to mitigate the negative economic impact of AIDS, outlining key areas of preventive action.Publication Namibia : Selected Development Impact of HIV/AIDS(Washington, DC, 2001-04-10)The report aims at providing an overview of selected, likely development impact of HIV/AIDS in the light of existing data. It was initiated as an exercise to assist policy makers in Namibia, in their effort to incorporate HIV/AIDS into the planning process on a regular basis. However, due to data limitations, the review at this stage does not provide detailed costing of the impact of HIV/AIDS on various sectors of the economy, thus, subsequent analysis should focus on detailed costing, and policy design alternatives. It analyzes the nature of the epidemic, and its likely impact, by examining the demographic consequences as a first step in making a comprehensive assessment, through spectrum models with comparative reference to the results generated by other studies. Conclusions imply that the primary impact of the epidemic could be in the reduction of life expectancy at birth, for although AIDS reduces the population growth, it does so in perverse ways, affecting the labor force in the form of skill shortages for the country. Moreover from the macroeconomic perspective, the epidemic is likely to affect the savings/investment relation, to the extent that the lack of skilled labor, and profitability in the private sector, will adversely impact economic growth. Responding to the epidemic requires ongoing public, donor, and private activities to mitigate its impact, and, suggestions include political will, societal openness to fight against the stigma, social policy reform to reduce vulnerability, and multi-sectoral action at various levels.Publication HIV/AIDS(Washington, DC, 2003-10)The epidemic spread of HIV/AIDS has been ferocious, posing a great threat, not only to public health, but to social sectors, and to development itself, while the fiscal cost of HIV/AIDS is significant as well. A set of effective prevention interventions include: changing behavior through communication; making the use of condoms, diagnosis, and treatment of sexually transmitted diseases, including counseling and testing, available and affordable; ensuring a safe blood supply; and, preventing parent-to-child transmission. In addition, countries should consider implementing programs to provide cost-effective management of common opportunistic infections. Similarly, community-based, and home-based care should be made available, in addition to traditional hospital care, particularly in countries with a generalized epidemic. Lessons convey the vital need for early action, supported by community participation, targeting the most vulnerable, and prioritizing interventions, while governments should be committed to its prevention, control, and funding. Additionally, nongovernmental organizations' participation plays a decisive role against the epidemic spread, in their capacity for social mobilization, and in reaching marginal groups.Publication HIV/AIDS in Latin American Countries : The Challenges Ahead(Washington, DC: World Bank, 2003)HIV/AIDS in Latin America falls within the framework of a low endemic setting. In the majority of the countries, the epidemic is still concentrated in high-risk populations: men who have sex with men (MSM), injecting drug users (IDUs), commercial sex workers (CSWs), prisoners, and people with sexually transmitted infections (STIs). The exceptions are Honduras and southeastern Brazil, where the epidemic has reached the general population. Heterosexual sex is the primary mode of transmission in Central America, with sex between men predominating in South America, and injecting drug use playing a significant role in the Southern Cone. Survey respondents also identified other populations with increased vulnerability in which interventions would be crucial-young people and women. Although the number of men living with AIDS outweighs the number of women in all countries, the gender gap is closing, and in some countries, the effect of AIDS on rural communities is increasing rapidly. In low endemic settings, the main priority is the highest risk groups, and activities to address HIV/AIDS should be focused on (1) strengthening efforts to prevent new infections in these populations, and (2) providing care and support strategies, which in turn create incentives for early detection of infection and/or risky behavior. Epidemiological surveillance plays a key role in the control of the epidemic through the measurement of frequency, distribution, and evolution of HIV/AIDS among populations; identification of high-risk groups; and evaluation of the effectiveness of prevention efforts.Publication Lesotho : The Development Impact of HIV/AIDS Selected Issues and Options(Washington, DC, 2000-10-18)This report aims to provide an overview of selected likely development impact of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) for Lesotho. The purpose is to engage in a dialogue with the Government, relevant stakeholders and the donor community on the appropriate actions to pursue in support of the Government's recently developed strategy on the epidemic. This report is to assist policy makers in Lesotho in their effort to incorporate HIV/AIDS into the planning process on a regular basis. As such, it is directed at officials at the ministries of finance and development planning. It employs conventional demographic and economic models to analyze selected development impacts of HIV/AIDS on the economy, thereby providing an illustration of how these impacts can be incorporated in the regular planning processes (including annual budgeting) in the finance and development ministries of the Government. It points out the need for monitoring the progression of the epidemic through further research and improvements in existing instruments. The report identifies three areas where the HIV/AIDS impact is severe and need further appropriate studies: a) household; b) public sector; and c) integration of HIV/AIDS into planning models and decision making.
Users also downloaded
Showing related downloaded files
Publication Digital Africa(Washington, DC: World Bank, 2023-03-13)All African countries need better and more jobs for their growing populations. "Digital Africa: Technological Transformation for Jobs" shows that broader use of productivity-enhancing, digital technologies by enterprises and households is imperative to generate such jobs, including for lower-skilled people. At the same time, it can support not only countries’ short-term objective of postpandemic economic recovery but also their vision of economic transformation with more inclusive growth. These outcomes are not automatic, however. Mobile internet availability has increased throughout the continent in recent years, but Africa’s uptake gap is the highest in the world. Areas with at least 3G mobile internet service now cover 84 percent of Africa’s population, but only 22 percent uses such services. And the average African business lags in the use of smartphones and computers as well as more sophisticated digital technologies that catalyze further productivity gains. Two issues explain the usage gap: affordability of these new technologies and willingness to use them. For the 40 percent of Africans below the extreme poverty line, mobile data plans alone would cost one-third of their incomes—in addition to the price of access devices, apps, and electricity. Data plans for small- and medium-size businesses are also more expensive than in other regions. Moreover, shortcomings in the quality of internet services—and in the supply of attractive, skills-appropriate apps that promote entrepreneurship and raise earnings—dampen people’s willingness to use them. For those countries already using these technologies, the development payoffs are significant. New empirical studies for this report add to the rapidly growing evidence that mobile internet availability directly raises enterprise productivity, increases jobs, and reduces poverty throughout Africa. To realize these and other benefits more widely, Africa’s countries must implement complementary and mutually reinforcing policies to strengthen both consumers’ ability to pay and willingness to use digital technologies. These interventions must prioritize productive use to generate large numbers of inclusive jobs in a region poised to benefit from a massive, youthful workforce—one projected to become the world’s largest by the end of this century.Publication Diamonds Are Not Forever : Botswana Medium-term Fiscal Sustainability(2010-11-01)This paper analyzes Botswana's medium-term fiscal sustainability in view of the expected depletion of diamonds in the future. The analysis shows that in the absence of policy adjustments, Botswana's current fiscal policy strategy is unsustainable over the longer term, which could endanger macroeconomic stability and Botswana's reputation as Africa's success story. Ensuring medium-term sustainability of Botswana's public finances requires stronger revenue collection, through improved revenue administration, greater tax enforcement, and the rationalization of tax exemptions in order to realize the full revenue potential. Opportunities also exist to generate more revenue from the non-mining sector through changes in the tax regime. At the same time, the government needs to maximize the effectiveness of public expenditure and bring down public spending to levels that are more in line with long-term revenue prospects. A greater control over the public sector wage bill is critically important. In-house capacity for macroeconomic monitoring and fiscal analysis also needs to be enhanced further. Looking ahead, growth of a dynamic non-mining sector is crucial for Botswana not only from the fiscal sustainability point of view, but from the point of view of achieving balanced development that will create jobs and deliver durable reduction in poverty and inequality. Fiscal policy will have to play a central role in this process.Publication Breaking Barriers, Improving Futures: Challenges and Solutions for Girls’ Education in Pakistan(Washington, DC: World Bank, 2024-06-03)Abstract: Educating girls has a myriad of benefits ranging from greater empowerment and economic opportunities to improved health outcomes and reduced poverty. In Pakistan, school-age children, especially girls, lack quality educational access and attainment. Girls, in comparison to boys, are less likely to be enrolled in school, less likely to stay in school, and less likely to achieve learning outcomes even if they attend school. One of the biggest challenges Pakistan faces is that the country’s education spending fails to yield results regarding quality and access. This report argues that while it is important to continue to deliver quality education to all children in Pakistan, more girl-specific interventions are needed in Pakistan, especially for girls living in rural areas.Publication Services Unbound(Washington, DC: World Bank, 2024-12-09)Services are a new force for innovation, trade, and growth in East Asia and Pacific. The dramatic diffusion of digital technologies and partial policy reforms in services--from finance, communication, and transport to retail, health, and education--is transforming these economies. The result is higher productivity and changing jobs in the services sector, as well as in the manufacturing sectors that use these services. A region that has thrived through openness to trade and investment in manufacturing still maintains innovation-inhibiting barriers to entry and competition in key services sectors. 'Services Unbound: Digital Technologies and Policy Reform in East Asia and Pacific' makes the case for deeper domestic reforms and greater international cooperation to unleash a virtuous cycle of increased economic opportunity and enhanced human capacity that would power development in the region.Publication Social Sustainability in Development(Washington, DC: World Bank, 2023-03-15)All development is about people: the transformative process to equip, link, and enable groups of people to drive change and create something new to benefit society. Development can promote societies where all people can thrive, but the change process can be complex, challenging, and socially contentious. Continued progress toward sustainable development is not guaranteed. The current overlapping crises of COVID-19, climate change, rising levels of conflict, and a global economic slowdown are inflaming long-standing challenges—exacerbating inequality and deep-rooted systemic inequities. Addressing these challenges will require social sustainability in addition to economic and environmental sustainability. Social Sustainability in Development: Meeting the Challenges of the 21st Century seeks to advance the concept of social sustainability and sharpen its analytical foundations. The book emphasizes social sustainability’s four key components: social cohesion, inclusion, resilience, and process legitimacy. It posits that •Social sustainability increases when more people feel part of the development process and believe that they and their descendants will benefit from it. •Communities and societies that are more socially sustainable are more willing and able to work together to overcome challenges, deliver public goods, and allocate scarce resources in ways perceived to be legitimate and fair so that all people may thrive over time. By identifying interventions that work to promote the components of social sustainability and highlighting the evidence of their links to key development outcomes, this book provides a foundation for using social sustainability to help address the many challenges of our time.