Publication: Managing Resources to Build Back and Create a Better Future for Nias : Nias Public Expenditure Analysis
Loading...
Published
2007-07
ISSN
Date
2012-06-12
Author(s)
Editor(s)
Abstract
Already one of the poorest regions in Indonesia, the island of Nias was badly affected by the twin disasters of the 26 December 2004 tsunami and a devastating earthquake that struck three months later, on 28 March 2005. Now, more than two years after the disasters and despite the significant progress that has undoubtedly been made, some troubling trends are starting to emerge, of which this report takes stock. In particular, funds are not being disbursed at the desired pace as the reconstruction effort faces enormous implementation challenges. The allocation of significant resources for reconstruction, as well as the decentralization process, entails both opportunities and challenges for the development of Nias. This report assists in making use of those opportunities and overcoming the challenges by informing the planning and budgeting process of the two district governments in Nias, and analyzing constraints in public financial management in both districts, as well as identifying key gaps in the reconstruction process.
Link to Data Set
Citation
“World Bank. 2007. Managing Resources to Build Back and Create a Better Future for Nias : Nias Public Expenditure Analysis. © World Bank. http://hdl.handle.net/10986/7819 License: CC BY 3.0 IGO.”
Digital Object Identifier
Associated URLs
Associated content
Other publications in this report series
Journal
Journal Volume
Journal Issue
Collections
Related items
Showing items related by metadata.
Publication Papua Public Expenditure Analysis(World Bank, Jakarta, 2011-10)Papua has abundant natural and fiscal resources but also faces great development challenges. On the one hand, Papua currently has the largest per capita fiscal capacity after West Papua. Papua is rich in natural resources such as non-oil-and-gas minerals and forest products. On the other hand, development challenges in Papua are significant, including geography, terrain and demography. In general, Papua is still underdeveloped both socially and in economic terms compared to other regions in Indonesia. This underdevelopment is evident in most poverty, education, health, and infrastructure indicators. The economy and investment in Papua are dominated by the mining sector and, in a distant second place, the agricultural sector. Between 2004 and 2007, the mining sector accounted for more than 50 percent of the Papua's gross regional domestic product (GRDP). As a consequence, economic growth was determined by fluctuations in mineral commodity prices. The second largest sector is agriculture, which accounts for about 14-18 percent of GRDP. This sector absorbed the most workers in Papua province until 2008. Meanwhile, industry continues to lag and contributed less than 10 percent to GRDP. The PEA is a part of the PEACH (Public Expenditure Analysis and Capacity Harmonization) program. This program is an initiative of the Government of Papua to continuously improve its public financial management performance. Consequently, the analysis contained in this report addresses issues that are the region's main focus. Today, the Government of Papua is trying actively to achieve a 'New Papua' through implementing the following agenda: a) restructuring the local government; b) developing a prosperous Papua; c) developing a safe and peaceful Papua; and d) improving and accelerating the development of basic infrastructure and facilities.Publication Managing Resources for Better Outcomes in a Special Autonomy Region : Aceh Public Expenditure Analysis Update 2008(World Bank, Washington, DC, 2008-11)This public expenditure analysis for Aceh in 2008 states that the Government of Aceh has received a Special Autonomy Fund to give greater opportunities to build infrastructure and public services and promote economic development. Budget allocation for the provincial government and district went to the main sectors such as infrastructure, health and agriculture. Indicators of social output also show the improvement in the provision of public services. However, major challenges still remain. For one thing, progress in social outcomes in many cases was still below the national average. Furthermore, provincial governments and districts still can not confirm the budget in accordance with the schedule set by the regulations, or spend the budget fully in each budget year. In addition, several important issues related to the implementation of special autonomy funds are still to be defined clearly. In line with this, this report sets out the challenges and obstacles faced by the provincial government and districts in dealing with the allocation of the budget and financial management in Aceh. This report also provides recommendations to help resolve these challenges, by giving attention to special autonomy in the management of the Special Fund and the regional budget and validation process in Aceh.Publication Service Delivery and Financial Management in a New Province : Gorontalo Public Expenditure Analysis 2008(Washington, DC, 2008-03)As one of Indonesia's recently established provinces, 2001 Gorontalo has faced numerous challenges, the most daunting being one of the country's highest levels of poverty. Gorontalo's sub-national governments shoulder a heavy responsibility in ensuring the rapid development of the region, alleviating poverty and improving the provision of basic public services especially in education and health and making sure those services reach the poorest and most vulnerable groups. In performing these crucial tasks, the success of sub-national governments depends to a large degree on three factors: the ability of sub-national governments to define and then translate their visions for development into effective development plans; the existing capacity of the government bureaucracy; and the availability of budgetary resources. A clear and well-articulated vision is needed to guide regional development, one that should serve to synergize the efforts of multiple stakeholders to make full use of the latent potential that exists in Gorontalo. Moreover, for a region with limited resources such as Gorontalo, strong leadership is needed to encourage the people to make the best possible use of those resources in providing a better future to all levels of society. This report can benefit the provincial and district governments of Gorontalo, as well as other regional governments, in serving as a reference tool for reform efforts in regional public financial management and regional development planning. Ultimately, this report can contribute towards better management of regional public finances and government bureaucracy, leading to new standards in effective entrepreneurial government.Publication Towards 2015 : Spending for Indonesia's Development, Shaping the Prospects of a Middle-Income Country(Washington, DC, 2009-08)This report discusses the future of Indonesia's public expenditures as it enters the 21st century. It contributes to the discussion on Indonesia's spending priorities for the years ahead. These choices will impact the lives of Indonesians, and their opportunities to grow richer and receive better services. The report will contribute to Indonesia s next five-year plan, the RPJM, which will take effect in January 2010. Indonesia has been one of the most successful countries in reducing its debt-to-GDP ratio. Since 1999, when debt levels reached over 90 percent of GDP, Indonesia has reduced its debt levels to just above 30 percent of GDP by the end of 2008. Education spending increased from 11 percent of total government spending in 2001 to 15 percent in 2008. Chapter 1 discusses public spending from 2001 to 2009, including discretionary spending, key sectors, subsidies and decentralization. Chapter 2 analyzes Indonesia's economy in the current (2009) economic downturn. Indonesia is in a position of relative economic strength despite the impact of the global financial crisis. This is largely thanks to its broad-based growth that has avoided over-reliance on exports. The share of output that Indonesia exports is the smallest of the major Southeast Asian economies. Chapter 3 presents the future of Indonesia's fiscal growth to 2015. Notwithstanding noteworthy achievements over the past decade, Indonesia continues to face significant economic and social challenges, and major gaps remain in many areas of public expenditure. However, sustained fiscal consolidation and governance reforms, as well as resilience in the face of the global crisis, leave Indonesia well placed to push forward with sustained poverty reduction. Strategic use of public resources and continued growth could see swift improvement in economic and social outcomes over the coming five years.Publication Lao PDR : Public Expenditure Review Integrated Fiduciary Assessment(Washington, DC, 2007-05-15)The key challenge of the Lao People's Democratic Republic (Lao PDR) is to make full use of both physical and human assets to accelerate growth and improve the living standards of the population. To achieve the country's development goals, laid out in the sixth National Socioeconomic Development Plan (NSEDP) and the National Growth and Poverty Eradication Strategy (NGPES), improvements in public financial management and public expenditure policy aimed at increased efficiency, equity, and accountability - will be critical. This report assesses the current situation and provides a way forward. The report looks at public expenditure in the agriculture, roads, education, health, and environment sectors.
Users also downloaded
Showing related downloaded files
Publication Increasing Female Labor Force Participation(World Bank, Washington, DC, 2023-01)Gender gaps in labor force participation persist worldwide. Closing this gap can lead to sizeable gains for economies—a 20 percent increase in GDP per capita, on average. Female labor force participation (FLFP) remains low due to lack of skills, assets and networks, time-based constraints, limited mobility, gender discrimination in hiring and promotion, and restrictive gender norms. Effective evidence-backed policy options can increase FLFP. They include providing childcare services, disseminating information on work opportunities and returns to employment, training in socio-emotional skills, addressing norms by engaging partners and family members, and targeting women via social protection, safety net, and public-works programs. The World Bank Group actively supports countries in boosting FLFP through development policy lending, advisory and analytical work, and supporting reforms to address constraining contextual factors, including legal barriers, social norms, and gender-based violence. This note sheds light on an array of policy options that are effective or show promise in improving FLFP.Publication Tajik Child Health : All Hands on Deck(World Bank, Washington, DC, 2009-12)Promoting and protecting the health of their families is a high priority of households in Tajikistan-half of all households identify health as the aspect of life that is of greatest concern to them. Thirty five percent, or 2.5 million of the total estimated population of 7.2 million people in the country, are under 15 years of age. The median age of the population is just 21.6 years (UN, 2008). Although fertility has fallen in recent years, the total fertility rate remains above three. Thus, policies to improve maternal and child health (MCH) outcomes are central to improving the health of the nation. Tajikistan faces considerable challenges in its quest to achieving the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) for MCH over the next six years. The fourth MDG target of a two-thirds reduction in child mortality calls for Tajikistan to decrease its current under-five mortality rate (U5MR) of 79 deaths per 1000 live births to less than 30 per 1000, and the current Infant Mortality Rate (IMR) of 65 deaths per 1000 to under 25 per 1000. Countries with GDP levels similar to Tajikistan have made significantly better progress towards reaching their MDG targets. For instance, IMRs in the Lao People's Democratic Republic and Cambodia stand at 52 and 59 deaths per 1000 live births, respectively, compared to 65 per 1000 in Tajikistan. IMRs in neighboring Uzbekistan and the Kyrgyz Republic are 38 and 36 per 1000 live births, respectively. Similarly, with child mortality rates of 69 and 41 per 1000 live births respectively, Lao and the Kyrgyz Republic are in a better position than Tajikistan.Publication Financial Institutions and Markets across Countries and over Time : Data and Analysis(2009-05-01)This paper introduces the updated and expanded version of the Financial Development and Structure Database and presents recent trends in structure and development of financial institutions and markets across countries. The authors add indicators on banking structure and financial globalization. They find a deepening of both financial markets and institutions, a trend concentrated in high-income countries and more pronounced for markets than for banks. Similarly, the recent increase in cross-border lending and debt issues has been concentrated in high-income countries, while low and lower-middle income countries have experienced an increase in remittance flows. Low net interest margins, rising profitability and declining stability in high-income countries banking sectors characterize the recent financial sector boom in high income countries leading up to the global financial crisis of 2007.Publication Digital Africa(Washington, DC: World Bank, 2023-03-13)All African countries need better and more jobs for their growing populations. "Digital Africa: Technological Transformation for Jobs" shows that broader use of productivity-enhancing, digital technologies by enterprises and households is imperative to generate such jobs, including for lower-skilled people. At the same time, it can support not only countries’ short-term objective of postpandemic economic recovery but also their vision of economic transformation with more inclusive growth. These outcomes are not automatic, however. Mobile internet availability has increased throughout the continent in recent years, but Africa’s uptake gap is the highest in the world. Areas with at least 3G mobile internet service now cover 84 percent of Africa’s population, but only 22 percent uses such services. And the average African business lags in the use of smartphones and computers as well as more sophisticated digital technologies that catalyze further productivity gains. Two issues explain the usage gap: affordability of these new technologies and willingness to use them. For the 40 percent of Africans below the extreme poverty line, mobile data plans alone would cost one-third of their incomes—in addition to the price of access devices, apps, and electricity. Data plans for small- and medium-size businesses are also more expensive than in other regions. Moreover, shortcomings in the quality of internet services—and in the supply of attractive, skills-appropriate apps that promote entrepreneurship and raise earnings—dampen people’s willingness to use them. For those countries already using these technologies, the development payoffs are significant. New empirical studies for this report add to the rapidly growing evidence that mobile internet availability directly raises enterprise productivity, increases jobs, and reduces poverty throughout Africa. To realize these and other benefits more widely, Africa’s countries must implement complementary and mutually reinforcing policies to strengthen both consumers’ ability to pay and willingness to use digital technologies. These interventions must prioritize productive use to generate large numbers of inclusive jobs in a region poised to benefit from a massive, youthful workforce—one projected to become the world’s largest by the end of this century.Publication Urban and Rural Municipal Solid Waste in China and the Circular Economy(World Bank, Washington, DC, 2019-04)This paper lists several opportunities for China to advance MSW policies and practices. In addition to building on lessons learned from countries with decades of experience in implementing separation at source programs, including lessons on dealing with the informal sector, China’s extended responsibility systems (EPR) for different waste streams including packaging waste could be tested locally and if successful, could then be prioritized. EPR schemes could be used to introduce incentives for eco-design, create a sustainable production and consumption pattern, reduce landfilling and develop recycling and recovery channels. China could also more comprehensively test the regional approach for service delivery especially for underserved county and rural areas. There is an opportunity to deepen urban-rural integration enhance economies of scale, and improve efficiency through regional integration in waste service provision. This would not only improve the quality of service provision but support financial sustainability and help offset some of the increased financial costs for circularity. Ensuring sustainable operational financing is important to provide for public-private partnerships, a stated priority of the government; sustain earlier and current investments; and permit future development of facilities.