Publication:
Convergence: Five Critical Steps toward Integrating Lagging and Leading Areas in the Middle East and North Africa

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dc.contributor.authorWorld Bank
dc.date.accessioned2020-01-15T18:36:13Z
dc.date.available2020-01-15T18:36:13Z
dc.date.issued2020-02-09
dc.description.abstractPolicymakers across the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) have long tried to integrate their people spatially and economically. Wishing to bring communities together and narrow economic gaps, governments have made large capital investments in transport corridors and "new cities." Hoping to provide jobs in places with little economic activity, governments have designated new industrial zones supported by spatially targeted business incentives. Yet the results of these place-based initiatives in MENA are limited. The disparities between capital cities and lagging areas, and between richer and poorer quarters of cities, remain stark. Across much of the region, a fortunate few are connected to opportunity, while many more people are marginal to the formal economy--or live outside it, seemingly forgotten. Why have place-based spatial initiatives in MENA countries largely underdelivered not yielding more sustainable jobs and growth? While the challenges are many and vary across the region, this report explains that many of these place-based policies get one thing wrong: they attempt to treat inequity’s spatial and physical symptoms, not its causes. This report presents the five roots of spatial inequity in institutional inefficiencies across MENA--urban regulatory frictions, credentialist education systems, centralized control over local public services, barriers to the spatial mobility of goods and people, and barriers to market entry and lop-sided business environments – within cities, within countries, and across national borders. It proposes five transitional steps toward enabling convergence informed by economic geography.en
dc.identifierhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/722551567149982499/Five-Critical-Steps-Toward-Integrating-Lagging-and-Leading-Areas-in-the-Middle-East-and-North-Africa
dc.identifierhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/222441581401037152
dc.identifier.doi10.1596/978-1-4648-1450-1
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.1596/978-1-4648-1450-1
dc.identifier.isbn978-1-4648-1450-1
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10986/33187
dc.languageEnglish
dc.publisherWashington, DC: World Bank
dc.rightsCC BY 3.0 IGO
dc.rights.holderWorld Bank
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo
dc.subjectSPATIAL DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectREGIONAL INTEGRATION
dc.subjectPRIVATE SECTOR DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectURBAN DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectLOCAL GOVERNANCE
dc.subjectECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectTERRITORIAL DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectNEW CITIES
dc.subjectCAPTURE
dc.subjectREGIONAL DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectGROWTH
dc.subjectINEQUALITY
dc.titleConvergenceen
dc.title.subtitleFive Critical Steps toward Integrating Lagging and Leading Areas in the Middle East and North Africaen
dc.typeBooken
dc.typeLivrefr
dc.typeLibroes
dspace.entity.typePublication
okr.crossref.titleConvergence: Five Critical Steps toward Integrating Lagging and Leading Areas in the Middle East and North Africa
okr.date.disclosure2020-02-09
okr.doctypePublication
okr.doctypePublications & Research
okr.identifier.doi10.1016/978-1-4648-1450-1
okr.identifier.doi10.1596/978-1-4648-1450-1
okr.identifier.externaldocumentum090224b0870545ef_1_0
okr.identifier.internaldocumentum211450
okr.identifier.internaldocumentum31370548
okr.identifier.report141299
okr.identifier.report145925
okr.importedtrueen
okr.language.supporteden
okr.region.administrativeMiddle East and North Africa
okr.region.geographicalMiddle East
okr.region.geographicalNorth Africa
okr.topicInfrastructure Economics and Finance::Infrastructure Economics
okr.topicInfrastructure Economics and Finance::Private Participation in Infrastructure
okr.topicUrban Development::National Urban Development Policies & Strategies
okr.topicUrban Development::Urban Economic Development
okr.topicUrban Development::Regional Urban Development
okr.topicUrban Development::Urban Governance and Management
okr.unitSMNUR
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