Publication:
Female Labor Force Participation in Turkey : Trends, Determinants and Policy Framework

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dc.contributor.authorWorld Bank
dc.date.accessioned2013-04-22T19:50:10Z
dc.date.available2013-04-22T19:50:10Z
dc.date.issued2009-11-23
dc.description.abstractTurkey has been collaborating with the World Bank in developing macroeconomic policies and implementing various reforms such as social security, investment climate, competitiveness, labor market, and public sector management. One of the salient features of the labor market in Turkey is the distinctly lower labor force participation (LFP) rates of women. As of January 2009, female LFP in Turkey was 23.5 percent. Urbanization and the move out of subsistence agriculture have had a profound effect on employment patterns for women, especially among those who have not attained university education. Family farming and subsistence agriculture have become less and less important as other more attractive opportunities expand in the service and manufacturing sectors. In the ninth development plan the Turkish Government has set goals to increase the number of women who are actively employed. The national action plan for gender equality emphasizes that using women's talents and skills in the labor market not only provides families with more economic independence, but also increases women's self-confidence and social respectability. Higher female employment is instrumental in building capacity for economic growth and poverty reduction. Higher levels of female employment allow government investments in education to be used more efficiently as women use their acquired talents. Policies that can help improve women's opportunities for more and better jobs in Turkey include: (a) creating job opportunities for first time job seekers; and (b) promoting early childhood development programs (ECD), such as preschool education and public or subsidized childcare programs.en
dc.identifierhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2009/11/17363835/female-labor-force-participation-turkey
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10986/13249
dc.languageEnglish
dc.language.isoen_US
dc.publisherWashington, DC
dc.rightsCC BY 3.0 IGO
dc.rights.holderWorld Bank
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/
dc.subjectACCESS TO EDUCATION
dc.subjectACCESS TO JOBS
dc.subjectACTIVE LABOR
dc.subjectAGE DISTRIBUTION
dc.subjectAGE GROUP
dc.subjectAGE GROUPS
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION
dc.subjectBIRTHS
dc.subjectBUSINESS CYCLE
dc.subjectCAREGIVERS
dc.subjectCHILD BIRTH
dc.subjectCHILD CARE
dc.subjectCHILD MORTALITY
dc.subjectCHILD PROTECTION
dc.subjectCHILDBEARING
dc.subjectCOLLEGE GRADUATE
dc.subjectCREATING JOB
dc.subjectDEMOGRAPHIC CHANGES
dc.subjectDESCRIPTION
dc.subjectDEVELOPMENT OBJECTIVES
dc.subjectDIVORCE
dc.subjectDRIVERS
dc.subjectDROPOUT
dc.subjectEARLY CHILDHOOD
dc.subjectEARLY RETIREMENT
dc.subjectECONOMIC BENEFITS
dc.subjectECONOMIC CHANGES
dc.subjectECONOMIC CONDITIONS
dc.subjectECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectECONOMIC GROWTH
dc.subjectECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIES
dc.subjectECONOMIC PROGRESS
dc.subjectECONOMIC THEORY
dc.subjectEDUCATED MOTHERS
dc.subjectEDUCATED WOMEN
dc.subjectEDUCATION OF GIRLS
dc.subjectEDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT
dc.subjectEDUCATIONAL OPPORTUNITIES
dc.subjectEMPLOYABILITY
dc.subjectEMPLOYEE
dc.subjectEMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES
dc.subjectEMPLOYMENT ORGANIZATION
dc.subjectEMPLOYMENT PATTERNS
dc.subjectEMPLOYMENT POLICY
dc.subjectEMPLOYMENT PROBABILITY
dc.subjectEMPLOYMENT PROTECTION LEGISLATION
dc.subjectEMPLOYMENT RATE
dc.subjectEMPLOYMENT STATUS
dc.subjectEQUALITY BETWEEN WOMEN
dc.subjectEXTERNALITIES
dc.subjectFAMILY MEMBERS
dc.subjectFAMILY ROLES
dc.subjectFAMILY WELFARE
dc.subjectFEMALE
dc.subjectFEMALE EMPLOYMENT
dc.subjectFEMALE ENTREPRENEURS
dc.subjectFEMALE LABOR
dc.subjectFEMALE LABOR FORCE
dc.subjectFEMALE LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION
dc.subjectFEMALE PARTICIPANTS
dc.subjectFEMALE POPULATION
dc.subjectFEMALE WORKERS
dc.subjectFEMALES
dc.subjectFERTILITY
dc.subjectFERTILITY RATE
dc.subjectFERTILITY RATES
dc.subjectFEWER HOUSEHOLDS
dc.subjectFIRST BIRTH
dc.subjectFIRST CHILD
dc.subjectFIRST PREGNANCY
dc.subjectFOCUS GROUP DISCUSSIONS
dc.subjectFUTURE GENERATIONS
dc.subjectGENDER
dc.subjectGENDER DISCRIMINATION
dc.subjectGENDER EQUALITY
dc.subjectGENDER MAINSTREAMING
dc.subjectGENDER RELATIONS
dc.subjectGROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT
dc.subjectHEALTH INSURANCE
dc.subjectHEALTH SERVICES
dc.subjectHIGH UNEMPLOYMENT
dc.subjectHOMEOWNERS
dc.subjectHOUSEHOLD BUDGET
dc.subjectHOUSEHOLD INCOME
dc.subjectHOUSEHOLD WEALTH
dc.subjectHOUSEHOLD WORK
dc.subjectHUMAN CAPITAL
dc.subjectHUSBANDS
dc.subjectILLITERATE WOMAN
dc.subjectILLITERATE WOMEN
dc.subjectILLNESS
dc.subjectIMMUNIZATION
dc.subjectINCOME SUPPORT
dc.subjectINEQUALITY
dc.subjectINFORMAL SECTOR
dc.subjectINTERNAL MIGRATION
dc.subjectINTERVENTIONS
dc.subjectINVESTMENTS IN EDUCATION
dc.subjectJOB OPPORTUNITIES
dc.subjectJOB SEEKERS
dc.subjectJOBS
dc.subjectLABOR DEMAND
dc.subjectLABOR ECONOMICS
dc.subjectLABOR FORCE
dc.subjectLABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION
dc.subjectLABOR FORCE POPULATION
dc.subjectLABOR MARKET
dc.subjectLABOR MARKET INDICATORS
dc.subjectLABOR MARKET OUTCOMES
dc.subjectLABOR MARKET REGULATION
dc.subjectLABOR MARKETS
dc.subjectLABOR REGULATION
dc.subjectLABOR SUPPLY
dc.subjectLABOUR
dc.subjectLABOUR ORGANIZATION
dc.subjectLEVEL OF EDUCATION
dc.subjectLEVELS OF EDUCATION
dc.subjectLIFE EVENTS
dc.subjectMALE COUNTERPARTS
dc.subjectMALE WORKERS
dc.subjectMARITAL STATUS
dc.subjectMARKET WAGE
dc.subjectMARKET WAGES
dc.subjectMARRIAGE AGE
dc.subjectMARRIAGES
dc.subjectMARRIED WOMEN
dc.subjectMIGRANT
dc.subjectMIGRANT WOMEN
dc.subjectMIGRANTS
dc.subjectMIGRATION
dc.subjectMIGRATION DECISIONS
dc.subjectMIGRATION FLOWS
dc.subjectMIGRATION STATUS
dc.subjectNATIONAL ACTION
dc.subjectNATIONAL ACTION PLAN
dc.subjectNUMBER OF CHILDREN
dc.subjectNUMBER OF WOMEN
dc.subjectPARTICIPATION OF WOMEN
dc.subjectPLACE OF RESIDENCE
dc.subjectPLAN FOR GENDER EQUALITY
dc.subjectPOLICY FRAMEWORK
dc.subjectPREGNANCIES
dc.subjectPRIMARY SCHOOL
dc.subjectPRIMARY SCHOOL EDUCATION
dc.subjectPRIVATE SECTOR
dc.subjectPRODUCTIVE YEARS
dc.subjectPROPORTION OF WOMEN
dc.subjectPUBLIC SUPPORT
dc.subjectREAL WAGES
dc.subjectREGIONAL DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectRETAIL TRADE
dc.subjectRISING UNEMPLOYMENT
dc.subjectRURAL AREAS
dc.subjectRURAL DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectRURAL ENVIRONMENT
dc.subjectRURAL HOUSEHOLDS
dc.subjectRURAL LABOR
dc.subjectRURAL LABOR MARKETS
dc.subjectRURAL SETTLEMENTS
dc.subjectRURAL WOMEN
dc.subjectSECONDARY EDUCATION
dc.subjectSECONDARY SCHOOL
dc.subjectSELF EMPLOYMENT
dc.subjectSELF-CONFIDENCE
dc.subjectSELF-ESTEEM
dc.subjectSINGLE WOMEN
dc.subjectSOCIAL AWARENESS
dc.subjectSOCIAL CHANGES
dc.subjectSOCIAL DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectSOCIAL POLICY
dc.subjectSOCIAL RESEARCH
dc.subjectSOCIAL SECURITY
dc.subjectSOCIAL SERVICES
dc.subjectSOCIETAL NORMS
dc.subjectSTATE PLANNING
dc.subjectSTATUS OF WOMEN
dc.subjectSUBSISTENCE AGRICULTURE
dc.subjectTERTIARY EDUCATION
dc.subjectTOTAL EMPLOYMENT
dc.subjectTOTAL LABOR FORCE
dc.subjectTOTAL UNEMPLOYMENT
dc.subjectTRADE UNIONS
dc.subjectTRADITIONAL VALUES
dc.subjectUNEMPLOYED
dc.subjectUNEMPLOYMENT
dc.subjectUNEMPLOYMENT OUTCOMES
dc.subjectUNEMPLOYMENT RATE
dc.subjectUNEMPLOYMENT RATES
dc.subjectUNIVERSITY EDUCATION
dc.subjectUNMARRIED WOMEN
dc.subjectUNPAID FAMILY WORKERS
dc.subjectUNPAID WORKERS
dc.subjectURBAN AREAS
dc.subjectURBAN ENVIRONMENT
dc.subjectURBAN WOMEN
dc.subjectURBANIZATION
dc.subjectVOCATIONAL EDUCATION
dc.subjectVOCATIONAL TRAINING
dc.subjectWAGE DATA
dc.subjectWAGE EMPLOYMENT
dc.subjectWAGE LEVEL
dc.subjectWAGE LEVELS
dc.subjectWAGE RATE
dc.subjectWAGE RATES
dc.subjectWOMAN
dc.subjectWOMEN IN AGRICULTURE
dc.subjectWOMEN IN SOCIETY
dc.subjectWOMENS EDUCATION
dc.subjectWOMENS EMPLOYMENT
dc.subjectWORKER
dc.subjectWORKFORCE
dc.subjectWORKING - AGE POPULATION
dc.subjectWORKING CONDITIONS
dc.subjectWORKING HOURS
dc.subjectWORKING WOMEN
dc.subjectWORKING-AGE POPULATION
dc.subjectYOUNG AGES
dc.subjectYOUNG CHILDREN
dc.subjectYOUNG MEN
dc.subjectYOUNG WOMEN
dc.subjectYOUTH
dc.subjectYOUTH TRAINING
dc.titleFemale Labor Force Participation in Turkey : Trends, Determinants and Policy Frameworken
dc.title.alternativeTurkiye de KadInlarIn isgucune KatIlImIen
dspace.entity.typePublication
okr.crosscuttingsolutionareaJobs
okr.crosscuttingsolutionareaGender
okr.date.disclosure2013-02-20
okr.doctypeEconomic & Sector Work::Other Public Sector Study
okr.doctypeEconomic & Sector Work
okr.docurlhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2009/11/17363835/female-labor-force-participation-turkey
okr.globalpracticeSocial, Urban, Rural and Resilience
okr.globalpracticeSocial Protection and Labor
okr.globalpracticeHealth, Nutrition, and Population
okr.guid603771468120288598
okr.guid201081468111238047
okr.identifier.externaldocumentum000442464_20130220124737
okr.identifier.internaldocumentum17363835
okr.identifier.report48508
okr.language.supporteden
okr.pdfurlhttp://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/WDSContentServer/WDSP/IB/2013/02/20/000442464_20130220124737/Rendered/PDF/485080ESW0P11100Force0Participation.pdfen
okr.region.administrativeEurope and Central Asia
okr.region.countryTurkiye
okr.sectorEducation :: General education sector
okr.sectorHealth and other social services :: Other social services
okr.sectorIndustry and trade :: General industry and trade sector
okr.themeSocial protection and risk management :: Improving labor markets
okr.themeSocial dev/gender/inclusion :: Gender
okr.topicGender::Gender and Development
okr.topicHealth, Nutrition and Population::Population Policies
okr.topicSocial Protections and Labor::Labor Markets
okr.topicSocial Protections and Labor::Labor Policies
okr.topicHousing and Human Habitats
okr.topicCommunities and Human Settlements
okr.topicHealth
okr.topicNutrition and Population
okr.unitSocial Protection (ECSH3)
okr.volume1 of 1
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