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Freight Flows,Logistics Costs, and Efficiency: Optimal Path Analysis

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dc.contributor.authorWorld Bank
dc.date.accessioned2017-06-15T20:35:14Z
dc.date.available2017-06-15T20:35:14Z
dc.date.issued2012-06
dc.description.abstractIn Central America, cargo is transported almost entirely by road. The movement of imports and exports to and from international seaports is done by truck. Rail service is almost nonexistent and air transport serves less than one percent of the cargo generated within the Central American Common Market (SIECA, 2004). Intra-regional trade is much more important in Central America than it might seem at first glance. The second largest trading partner of Central America is the region itself. In 2010, one quarter of the exports from Central America were destined for final consumption within the region. Half of the exports of Central America (54 percent in 2010) correspond to agricultural products and a large proportion of them supply markets inside the region. Nearly 40 percent of intra-regional exports consist of food, beverages, animals and plants (SIECA, 2011). Perishable food products are transported on trucks, and spatially restricted by the geography and the road infrastructure. In this context, inefficiencies in the supply chain and delays in freight flows lead to economic losses and amplify the negative impact of the distance to the markets on trade. A gravity model of trade showed that the negative effect of distance1 on total intra-regional exports is 77 percent higher in Central America than in the European Union (World Bank, 2010). More precisely, an increase in distance by 1 percent is expected to reduce intra-regional bilateral exports in Central America by 1.65 percent. In terms of volume, the negative effect of distance within the region exceeds the effect in Europe by 50 percent in grains and up to 550 percent in processed food. In the latter case, an increase in distance by 1 percent is expected to reduce intra-regional bilateral exports of processed food in Central America by 2.88 percent.en
dc.identifierhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/439631468230959321/Freight-flows-logistics-costs-and-efficiency-optimal-path-analysis-background-paper
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10986/27230
dc.languageEnglish
dc.language.isoen_US
dc.publisherWashington, DC
dc.rightsCC BY 3.0 IGO
dc.rights.holderWorld Bank
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo
dc.subjectACCESS ROADS
dc.subjectACCIDENT
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL ZONES
dc.subjectAIR
dc.subjectAIR TRANSPORT
dc.subjectAMBULANCES
dc.subjectAVERAGE DAILY TRAFFIC
dc.subjectAVERAGE SPEED
dc.subjectAVERAGE SPEEDS
dc.subjectAVERAGE TRAVEL SPEED
dc.subjectBORDER CROSSINGS
dc.subjectBOTTLENECK
dc.subjectBOTTLENECKS
dc.subjectBRIDGE
dc.subjectBRIDGES
dc.subjectBYPASSES
dc.subjectCAR
dc.subjectCAR ACCIDENTS
dc.subjectCARGO
dc.subjectCARS
dc.subjectCONSTRUCTION
dc.subjectCONSTRUCTION OF ROADS
dc.subjectCROSSING
dc.subjectDESIGN SPEED
dc.subjectDRAINAGE
dc.subjectFIRE
dc.subjectFIRE STATIONS
dc.subjectFIRE TRUCKS
dc.subjectFLOODING
dc.subjectFREIGHT
dc.subjectFREIGHT FLOWS
dc.subjectFREIGHT TRANSPORT
dc.subjectGRAVEL
dc.subjectGRAVEL ROADS
dc.subjectHIGHWAY
dc.subjectHIGHWAYS
dc.subjectINCOME
dc.subjectINFRASTRUCTURE IMPROVEMENTS
dc.subjectINTERNATIONAL ROUGHNESS INDEX
dc.subjectLAND TRANSPORTATION
dc.subjectLAND USE
dc.subjectLANDSLIDES
dc.subjectMOUNTAINOUS TERRAIN
dc.subjectNAVIGATION
dc.subjectPARKING
dc.subjectPATH
dc.subjectPATHS
dc.subjectPAVING
dc.subjectPORTS
dc.subjectPRIMARY ROADS
dc.subjectRAIL
dc.subjectRAIL SERVICE
dc.subjectRANGE
dc.subjectREMOTE
dc.subjectREMOTE SENSING
dc.subjectRETAINING WALLS
dc.subjectROAD
dc.subjectROAD INFRASTRUCTURE
dc.subjectROAD NETWORK
dc.subjectROAD QUALITY
dc.subjectROAD WIDTH
dc.subjectROADS
dc.subjectROUGHNESS
dc.subjectROUTE
dc.subjectROUTES
dc.subjectRURAL ROADS
dc.subjectSECONDARY ROADS
dc.subjectSPEED LIMITS
dc.subjectSPEED REDUCTIONS
dc.subjectSPEEDS
dc.subjectSQUARE
dc.subjectSTREETS
dc.subjectTERRAIN
dc.subjectTERRAIN SLOPE
dc.subjectTERTIARY ROADS
dc.subjectTOLL
dc.subjectTOPOGRAPHY
dc.subjectTOTAL LENGTH
dc.subjectTRAFFIC
dc.subjectTRAFFIC VOLUME
dc.subjectTRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURE
dc.subjectTRANSPORT TIME
dc.subjectTRANSPORTATION
dc.subjectTRANSPORTATION INFRASTRUCTURE
dc.subjectTRANSPORTATION RESEARCH
dc.subjectTRAVEL SPEED
dc.subjectTRAVEL SPEEDS
dc.subjectTRAVEL TIME
dc.subjectTRAVEL TIMES
dc.subjectTRUCKING
dc.subjectTRUCKS
dc.subjectUNPAVED ROAD
dc.subjectUNPAVED ROADS
dc.subjectURBAN CONGESTION
dc.subjectURBAN TRANSIT
dc.subjectVEHICLE
dc.subjectVEHICLES
dc.subjectWAITING TIME
dc.titleFreight Flows,Logistics Costs, and Efficiencyen
dc.title.subtitleOptimal Path Analysisen
dc.typeWorking Paperen
dc.typeDocument de travailfr
dc.typeDocumento de trabajoes
dspace.entity.typePublication
okr.date.disclosure2013-02-05
okr.doctypePublications & Research::Working Paper
okr.doctypePublications & Research
okr.docurlhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/439631468230959321/Freight-flows-logistics-costs-and-efficiency-optimal-path-analysis-background-paper
okr.guid439631468230959321
okr.identifier.externaldocumentum000333037_20130205103508
okr.identifier.internaldocumentum17211077
okr.identifier.report75099
okr.importedtrue
okr.language.supporteden
okr.pdfurlhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/439631468230959321/pdf/750990WP0Optim00Box374299B00PUBLIC0.pdfen
okr.region.administrativeLatin America & Caribbean
okr.region.countryNicaragua
okr.region.geographicalCentral America
okr.topicRural Development::Rural Roads & Transport
okr.topicTransport::Airports and Air Services
okr.topicTransport::Logistics
okr.topicTransport::Transport Economics Policy & Planning
okr.topicTransport::Transport and Environment
okr.topicTransport::Roads & Highways
okr.unitSustainable Development Dept (LCSSD)
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