Publication: Sudan - Public Expenditure Tracking Survey (PETS) : Case Study of the Health Sector
Loading...
Other Files
64 downloads
Published
2011-12
ISSN
Date
2013-02-06
Author(s)
Editor(s)
Abstract
The Sudan referendum on post-Comprehensive Peace Agreement (CPA) arrangements was held during January 9-15, 2011 with results in favor of secession of the South by July 9, 2011. The economic effects will transmit largely through the fiscal and external accounts and the outcome of secession negotiations will determine the post-CPA economic landscape. The secession outcome will likely put significant strain on economic stability in the North. The PETS study is organized as follows: chapter two presents the objectives of the study, and the survey methodology and sampling size. Chapter three focuses on the specific developments of budget data (functional classification) in the Northern States. The chapter sheds some light on revenues and expenditure in Northern States and also zooms into the specific responsibilities transferred to the states. Towards the end, the chapter addresses the budgets specifically of the six states that have been sampled for the study (in a purposive sample). Chapter four is the heart of the study and is based on the flow of funds analysis underlying the PET survey. It starts out with addressing the question on 'who' finances the health sector. With this it gives a good account of the decentralized nature of health services, which is a prerequisite to actually track public spending through the system. Chapter five explores the interconnections between public expenditure and service delivery in Sudan and tries to assess the effectiveness of public spending in contributing to the quality of health services. Chapter six concludes with a highlight of the findings and possible policy options. Annex one provides six short extracts of the main findings and conclusions for each state as additional case studies.
Link to Data Set
Citation
“World Bank. 2011. Sudan - Public Expenditure Tracking Survey (PETS) : Case Study of the Health Sector. © World Bank. http://hdl.handle.net/10986/12265 License: CC BY 3.0 IGO.”
Associated URLs
Associated content
Other publications in this report series
Journal
Journal Volume
Journal Issue
Collections
Related items
Showing items related by metadata.
Publication Niger - Public Expenditure Tracking Survey : Education and Health - Survey Questionnaire(World Bank, 2009-11-18)The objective of the first Public Expenditure Tracking Survey (PETS) for Niger is to increase understanding of the link between public spending and service delivery at the facility level in order to contribute to improving the effectiveness and accountability in the use of public funds. Specifically, this PETS focuses on identifying the discrepancies, inefficiencies and delays in public spending execution for selected expenditures in the education and health sectors. The medium to long term goal of these PETS is to launch a process aimed at continuous improvements in public expenditure efficiency and equity by focusing on capacity building in this area in the ministries of education and health and in the Institute of National Statistics (INS). The main challenge faced by a tracking survey in a country like Niger is the availability and accuracy of records keeping. The Niger PETS highlights a general lack of systematic information recording. The quality of records in the education sector is low and data often incomplete. This is especially a problem when a higher level agency distributes resources to lower level agencies. The absence of downstream records indicates a lack of systems for downward accountability and can facilitate the diversion of resources. This compares unfavorably with a country such as Ghana, where the quality of record is good between the central agency and district offices.Publication Niger - Public Expenditure Tracking Survey : Education and Health - Main Report(World Bank, 2009-11-18)The objective of the first Public Expenditure Tracking Survey (PETS) for Niger is to increase understanding of the link between public spending and service delivery at the facility level in order to contribute to improving the effectiveness and accountability in the use of public funds. Specifically, this PETS focuses on identifying the discrepancies, inefficiencies and delays in public spending execution for selected expenditures in the education and health sectors. The medium to long term goal of these PETS is to launch a process aimed at continuous improvements in public expenditure efficiency and equity by focusing on capacity building in this area in the ministries of education and health and in the Institute of National Statistics (INS). The main challenge faced by a tracking survey in a country like Niger is the availability and accuracy of records keeping. The Niger PETS highlights a general lack of systematic information recording. The quality of records in the education sector is low and data often incomplete. This is especially a problem when a higher level agency distributes resources to lower level agencies. The absence of downstream records indicates a lack of systems for downward accountability and can facilitate the diversion of resources. This compares unfavorably with a country such as Ghana, where the quality of record is good between the central agency and district offices.Publication Tajikistan - Second Programmatic Public Expenditure Review : Volume 4. Public Expenditure Ttracking Survey (PETS), Health Sector(World Bank, Washington, DC, 2008-06-12)This report, Second Programmatic Public Expenditure Review (PPER 2), is a sequel to PPER, which was published in July 2007. PPER 2 provides a detailed analysis of key public expenditure issues in Tajikistan and reports on the nonlending policy dialogue and technical assistance programs managed and coordinated by the World Bank. PPER 2 has a special focus on social sectors, especially the health and education sectors. Public Expenditure Tracking Surveys (PETS) carried out for the first time in Tajikistan in 2007 contributed to the findings in this report. The report also updates the macroeconomic and fiscal situation to take account of important developments in 2007 and analyzes the implications of energy sector reforms and investments for fiscal sustainability. This report is intended to contribute to improving the quality of life in Tajikistan through a comprehensive reform program. It spells out the macroeconomic, energy, and budget reforms necessary to achieve the growth the country seeks and, at the same time (and frequently via the same measures) the social welfare targets of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs).Publication Using Public Expenditure Tracking Surveys to Monitor Projects and Small-Scale Programs : A Guidebook(World Bank, 2010)The goal of this guidebook is to serve as a starting point for civil society organizations, as well as Bank teams interested in conducting Public Expenditure Tracking Surveys, both on a small and larger scale. It is designed to lead a research team from idea inception to results dissemination, while emphasizing the importance of utilizing evidence to influence policy, regardless of whether it is on a macro or micro-level. Though the World Bank has been at the forefront of efforts to measure the effectiveness of service delivery, it is hoped that Bank teams and civil society alike will take the research one step further and empower citizen users to keep service providers accountable through information dissemination and citizen engagement efforts.Publication Poland - Public Expenditure Review : Analysis of Social Sectors and Public Wages(World Bank, 2010-03-08)This report looks at public spending on pensions, education, health, social assistance, labor market programs, and public wages. Presenting the findings of a series of studies and notes compiled sice April 2009, it highlights how reforming such spending, which comprises about one quarter of gross domestic product (GDP), is essential for mitigating the impact of the economic crisis and for transforming Poland from a welfare state to a workfare society in line with Government's Vision 2030. The report has two main messages. First, Poland can take measures to reduce public expenditures on social sectors and public wages by around 2.3 percentage points over the next three years. Second, beyond supporting the fiscal adjustment required in the context of the economic crisis, public expenditure reforms can also help bring about structural changes envisioned as part of the Government's strategy for 2030. This report provides a comprehensive assessment of Poland's social sector and public wage polices and lays out options for reform. The summary report has five parts. The first part lays out the macroeconomic context. It emphasizes that Poland has weathered the global economic crisis remarkably well but that the recovery is likely to be feeble and subject to uncertainty. The next part discusses the fiscal fallout of the crisis and argues that public expenditure reform should be a crucial pillar for fiscal consolidation. Sections three to five contain the main findings of the report. Section three presents a list of important reforms of public expenditures on social sectors and wages in support of Vision 2030. Section four simulates the fiscal impact of public expenditure reforms, with a particular focus on state budget expenditures. The final section discusses how institutional reforms in the areas of medium-term and performance-based budget can support the reform agenda. Volume two presents the detailed analyses of social sectors and institutional reforms of public finance.
Users also downloaded
Showing related downloaded files
Publication Classroom Assessment to Support Foundational Literacy(Washington, DC: World Bank, 2025-03-21)This document focuses primarily on how classroom assessment activities can measure students’ literacy skills as they progress along a learning trajectory towards reading fluently and with comprehension by the end of primary school grades. The document addresses considerations regarding the design and implementation of early grade reading classroom assessment, provides examples of assessment activities from a variety of countries and contexts, and discusses the importance of incorporating classroom assessment practices into teacher training and professional development opportunities for teachers. The structure of the document is as follows. The first section presents definitions and addresses basic questions on classroom assessment. Section 2 covers the intersection between assessment and early grade reading by discussing how learning assessment can measure early grade reading skills following the reading learning trajectory. Section 3 compares some of the most common early grade literacy assessment tools with respect to the early grade reading skills and developmental phases. Section 4 of the document addresses teacher training considerations in developing, scoring, and using early grade reading assessment. Additional issues in assessing reading skills in the classroom and using assessment results to improve teaching and learning are reviewed in section 5. Throughout the document, country cases are presented to demonstrate how assessment activities can be implemented in the classroom in different contexts.Publication Morocco Economic Update, Winter 2025(Washington, DC: World Bank, 2025-04-03)Despite the drought causing a modest deceleration of overall GDP growth to 3.2 percent, the Moroccan economy has exhibited some encouraging trends in 2024. Non-agricultural growth has accelerated to an estimated 3.8 percent, driven by a revitalized industrial sector and a rebound in gross capital formation. Inflation has dropped below 1 percent, allowing Bank al-Maghrib to begin easing its monetary policy. While rural labor markets remain depressed, the economy has added close to 162,000 jobs in urban areas. Morocco’s external position remains strong overall, with a moderate current account deficit largely financed by growing foreign direct investment inflows, underpinned by solid investor confidence indicators. Despite significant spending pressures, the debt-to-GDP ratio is slowly declining.Publication Business Ready 2024(Washington, DC: World Bank, 2024-10-03)Business Ready (B-READY) is a new World Bank Group corporate flagship report that evaluates the business and investment climate worldwide. It replaces and improves upon the Doing Business project. B-READY provides a comprehensive data set and description of the factors that strengthen the private sector, not only by advancing the interests of individual firms but also by elevating the interests of workers, consumers, potential new enterprises, and the natural environment. This 2024 report introduces a new analytical framework that benchmarks economies based on three pillars: Regulatory Framework, Public Services, and Operational Efficiency. The analysis centers on 10 topics essential for private sector development that correspond to various stages of the life cycle of a firm. The report also offers insights into three cross-cutting themes that are relevant for modern economies: digital adoption, environmental sustainability, and gender. B-READY draws on a robust data collection process that includes specially tailored expert questionnaires and firm-level surveys. The 2024 report, which covers 50 economies, serves as the first in a series that will expand in geographical coverage and refine its methodology over time, supporting reform advocacy, policy guidance, and further analysis and research.Publication Digital Africa(Washington, DC: World Bank, 2023-03-13)All African countries need better and more jobs for their growing populations. "Digital Africa: Technological Transformation for Jobs" shows that broader use of productivity-enhancing, digital technologies by enterprises and households is imperative to generate such jobs, including for lower-skilled people. At the same time, it can support not only countries’ short-term objective of postpandemic economic recovery but also their vision of economic transformation with more inclusive growth. These outcomes are not automatic, however. Mobile internet availability has increased throughout the continent in recent years, but Africa’s uptake gap is the highest in the world. Areas with at least 3G mobile internet service now cover 84 percent of Africa’s population, but only 22 percent uses such services. And the average African business lags in the use of smartphones and computers as well as more sophisticated digital technologies that catalyze further productivity gains. Two issues explain the usage gap: affordability of these new technologies and willingness to use them. For the 40 percent of Africans below the extreme poverty line, mobile data plans alone would cost one-third of their incomes—in addition to the price of access devices, apps, and electricity. Data plans for small- and medium-size businesses are also more expensive than in other regions. Moreover, shortcomings in the quality of internet services—and in the supply of attractive, skills-appropriate apps that promote entrepreneurship and raise earnings—dampen people’s willingness to use them. For those countries already using these technologies, the development payoffs are significant. New empirical studies for this report add to the rapidly growing evidence that mobile internet availability directly raises enterprise productivity, increases jobs, and reduces poverty throughout Africa. To realize these and other benefits more widely, Africa’s countries must implement complementary and mutually reinforcing policies to strengthen both consumers’ ability to pay and willingness to use digital technologies. These interventions must prioritize productive use to generate large numbers of inclusive jobs in a region poised to benefit from a massive, youthful workforce—one projected to become the world’s largest by the end of this century.Publication Dominican Republic Poverty Assessment 2023(Washington, DC: World Bank, 2023-11-08)In recent decades, economic growth in the Dominican Republic (DR) has been steady. However, growth has not occurred in such a way as to make the benefits widely and evenly available. In fact, although the DR economy grew faster than that of other LAC countries before the Covid-19 pandemic, its poverty rates and social outcomes remain broadly similar to them. This report seeks to explain this conundrum, as well as to expand the knowledge base to improve the effectiveness of ongoing poverty reduction policies in the DR. The Poverty Assessment draws primarily on new analytical work conducted in the DR, structured around four background notes on: (i) trends in monetary poverty and inequality, as well as the key drivers of those changes; (ii) nonmonetary poverty and its spatial dimensions; (iii) social assistance programs and their role in mitigating poverty; and (iv) climate change and its interaction with poverty. By helping to reduce the evidence gap in each of these areas, our analysis hopes to inform government policies and the national dialogue on poverty reduction. In addition, the note integrates existing analytical work and evidence produced inside and outside the Bank, including from its operations in the country.