Publication: Madagascar - Three Years into the Crisis : An Assessment of Vulnerability and Social Policies and Prospects for the Future, Volume 2. Background Papers
Loading...
Published
2012-05
ISSN
Date
2013-02-14
Author(s)
Editor(s)
Abstract
The report is divided into two volumes. The first volume includes the fundamental content of the report. It is organized as follows. Chapter one provides a conceptual framework to analyze risk and vulnerability and provides a definition of social protection. Chapter two assesses the main risks faced by the Malagasy population as well as its vulnerability profile. Chapter three reviews Madagascar's social protection policies, the institutions responsible for social protection and the financial resources allocated to social protection by the government, donors and Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs). Chapter four proceeds with a description and analysis of the main social protection programs presently under implementation in Madagascar. Chapter five builds on the previous chapters but also on the experience of other low income countries, especially in Africa. It outlines the main principles of a social protection strategy and recommends priority actions for implementation including in the immediate aftermath of a resolution to the current political crisis. As such, this report is intended to contribute to future governments' own formulation and implementation of a social protection strategy. The second volume includes a number of background papers that were commissioned during the preparation of this report. These papers are as follows: strategic directions for social protection in Madagascar by Anthony Hodges; Poverty, Vulnerability and Sources of Risks by Tiaray Razafimanantena; vulnerability analysis by INSTAT; Review of Social Protection Programs by Julia Rachel Ravelosoa; analysis of public spending on social protection in Madagascar by Maminirinarivo Ralaivelo; description and Analysis of the Tsena Mora Program by Maminirinarivo Ralaivelo; review and analysis of spending on social protection by NGOs by Francis Hary Soleman Kone; case study: cash transfer and other forms of education support for children of poor households by Brigitte Lalasoa Randrianasolo and payment mechanisms to transfer cash to the Poor in Madagascar by Josiane Robiarivony Rakotomanga.
Link to Data Set
Citation
“World Bank. 2012. Madagascar - Three Years into the Crisis : An Assessment of Vulnerability and Social Policies and Prospects for the Future, Volume 2. Background Papers. © World Bank. http://hdl.handle.net/10986/12358 License: CC BY 3.0 IGO.”
Digital Object Identifier
Associated URLs
Associated content
Other publications in this report series
Journal
Journal Volume
Journal Issue
Collections
Related items
Showing items related by metadata.
Publication Madagascar - Three Years into the Crisis : An Assessment of Vulnerability and Social Policies and Prospects for the Future, Volume 1. Main Report(Washington, DC, 2012-05)The report is divided into two volumes. The first volume includes the fundamental content of the report. It is organized as follows. Chapter one provides a conceptual framework to analyze risk and vulnerability and provides a definition of social protection. Chapter two assesses the main risks faced by the Malagasy population as well as its vulnerability profile. Chapter three reviews Madagascar's social protection policies, the institutions responsible for social protection and the financial resources allocated to social protection by the government, donors and Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs). Chapter four proceeds with a description and analysis of the main social protection programs presently under implementation in Madagascar. Chapter five builds on the previous chapters but also on the experience of other low income countries, especially in Africa. It outlines the main principles of a social protection strategy and recommends priority actions for implementation including in the immediate aftermath of a resolution to the current political crisis. As such, this report is intended to contribute to future governments' own formulation and implementation of a social protection strategy. The second volume includes a number of background papers that were commissioned during the preparation of this report. These papers are as follows: strategic directions for social protection in Madagascar by Anthony Hodges; Poverty, Vulnerability and Sources of Risks by Tiaray Razafimanantena; vulnerability analysis by INSTAT; Review of Social Protection Programs by Julia Rachel Ravelosoa; analysis of public spending on social protection in Madagascar by Maminirinarivo Ralaivelo; description and Analysis of the Tsena Mora Program by Maminirinarivo Ralaivelo; review and analysis of spending on social protection by NGOs by Francis Hary Soleman Kone; case study: cash transfer and other forms of education support for children of poor households by Brigitte Lalasoa Randrianasolo and payment mechanisms to transfer cash to the Poor in Madagascar by Josiane Robiarivony Rakotomanga.Publication Madagascar : Three Years into the Crisis(World Bank Group, Washington, DC, 2014-05)Madagascar is one of the poorest countries in the world and a very high proportion of the population experiences frequent shocks, whether from natural disasters, economic shocks or internal crises of governance. As a consequence, about half the country s population is undernourished. Children between the ages of 6 and 14 face the risks of low human capital development, child labor and marginalization. On the other hand, the Government of Madagascar s commitment to social protection as a national policy was never fully effective. Interventions in social protection have been developed on an ad-hoc basis, often on the initiative of donors. In order to inform the government s policy development, the report proposes a social protection strategy that increases the protection of the population while decreasing its vulnerability, taking into account the existing programs and the differences in exposure to risks between population groups recommendations that emerge from the research.Publication How to Protect and Promote the Nutrition of Mothers and Children in Latin America and the Caribbean(World Bank, Washington, DC, 2012-12-10)The study includes: glossary; references; and annexes. A number of countries in the Latin America and Caribbean (LAC) region have been severely hit by food-price crises in 2008 and are still very vulnerable to food-price volatility experienced since late 2010. Humanitarian responses to high food prices, crises, shocks, or emergency situations should help the poor avoid the consequences of the reduced affordability of a basic food basket. This is especially crucial in the first 1,000 days of life (that is, children from pregnancy until they reach 2 years of age and breastfeeding women), since most of the physical and cognitive damages due to improper nutrition in this period are irreversible. The World Bank is leading a regional study on how to improve LAC country responses so as to protect the nutritional status of the poorest and most vulnerable in times of crises and emergencies.Publication Armenia Early Childhood Development : SABER Country Report 2012(Washington, DC, 2012)This report presents an analysis of the early childhood development (ECD) programs and policies that affect young children in Armenia and recommendations to move forward. This report is part of a series of reports prepared by the World Bank using the systems approach for better education results (SABER)-ECD framework and includes analysis of early learning, health, nutrition, and social and child protection policies and interventions in Armenia, along with regional and international comparisons. The national program on the protection of children's rights for 2004-2015 is a multi-sectoral ECD policy in Armenia that comprises the education, health, and social protection sectors, and serves as an overarching umbrella to guarantee access to essential ECD services.Publication Nicaragua Social Protection Public Expenditure Review(World Bank, Washington, DC, 2008-03-12)This review of public expenditures on Social Protection (SP) in Nicaragua is based on the analytical framework of Social Risk Management (SRM) developed by the World Bank. The concept of managing social risk comes from the notion that certain groups in society are vulnerable to unexpected shocks which threaten their livelihood and/or survival. Social protection focuses on the poor since they are more vulnerable to the risks and normally do not have the instruments to handle these risks. This prevents the poor from taking more risky activities that usually yield higher returns and that could help them overcome gradually their poverty situation. Social risk management involves policies and programs aimed at reducing key risks, breaking inter-generational cycle of poverty and vulnerability. Risk management consists in the choice of appropriate risk prevention, mitigation and coping strategies to minimize the adverse impact of social risks. Social protection under SRM is defined as public interventions to assist individuals, households and communities to better manage risk and provide support to the critically poor. Thus Social protection should provide: a safety net, particularly for the poor that are likely to fall in the cracks of established programs; and a springboard for the poor to bounce out of poverty.
Users also downloaded
Showing related downloaded files
Publication Improving the Lives of the Poor Through Investment in Cities : An Update on the Performance of the World Bank's Urban Portfolio(Washington, DC: World Bank, 2003-07)The central theme addressed by this evaluation, is whether the Bank ' s investment in cities, improved the lives of the poor. This report is based on a desk review of the Bank's urban portfolio. It focuses on the results of the 99 operations completed in the past 10 years. It uses the four pillars of livability, good governance, bankability, and competitiveness of the Urban Strategy Paper as the evaluation framework. At the project level, the study identifies factors that help determine good outcomes, such as building on previous operations, involving beneficiaries, and avoiding straining borrower resources and implementation capacity. At the strategic level, the study finds that the portfolio has concentrated on the livability pillar, through projects aiming to make the lives of the urban poor healthier and more productive. Attention has also been paid to governance, especially through operations that strengthen municipal administration. Bankability aspects received some attention, while the competitiveness pillar-which seeks improvements to the workings of urban markets- has proven the most elusive. The Operations and Evaluation Department (OED) recommends: 1) Systematic monitoring and evaluation and reporting of results-of poverty alleviation especially-from the city to the sector/strategic levels. 2) Revision of the business strategy discussed in the Urban Strategy Paper, "Cities in Transition" (USP) to ensure successful implementation. This would provide explicit targets and determine priorities that link the USP's four key instruments-scaling-up services to the poor, city development strategies, national urban strategies, and local government capacity building-and four strategic pillars-livability, good governance, bankability, and competitiveness-to urban poverty alleviation. 3) Clarification of the concept and the operational consequences of the competitiveness USP pillar for urban practitioners.Publication Colombia : Country Economic Memorandum, The Foundations for Competitiveness(Washington, DC, 2005-11)Since Colombia's last Country Economic Memorandum (CEM) (1989) the country has endured several years of slow growth, burgeoning fiscal deficits, and high levels of debt. Colombia now is seeking to join a free trade agreement (FTA) with the United States in the hope of stimulating growth and improving living conditions for the country as a whole. In response to the opportunities and challenges presented by the proposed FTA with the United States, the Colombian government has launched an "internal agenda," an action plan that involves major stakeholders -- public sector, private sector, and regional government -- aimed at obtaining greater levels of competitiveness. The government has articulated the need for greater understanding of the impact of the proposed FTA, and a strategy for a reform agenda that would enable the country to capture the potential benefits from freer trade and facilitate the transition to greater openness. This report is produced as an input into Colombia's reform agenda. It starts with an executive summary and policy report which presents the main findings and key policy recommendations of the three chapters comprising the report. Chapter 1 evaluates Colombia's business and growth environment and the likely challenges the manufacturing sector will face in taking advantage of the FTA with the United States. The chapter consists of three sections. Section I uses detailed survey data to identify the top constraints on growth and competitiveness of Colombian firms. Section 2 analyzes key developments in the manufacturing sector following the trade liberalization of 1990-91 using micro-level data, and highlights areas where reforms are needed. Section 3 examines the challenges and opportunities faced by small and medium-sized businesses in confronting a more open trading environment. Chapter 2 builds on the microeconomic issues raised in the first chapter, and follows with an evaluation of macroeconomic and fiscal (tax and expenditure) policies that are important for making the Colombian economy competitive. In this context, the study also evaluates the sustainability and trajectory of public debt. Finally, Chapter 3 examines the likely impact of agricultural liberalization on income distribution in the country under the proposed Colombian-U.S. FTA -- identifying who are the likely gainers and losers -- and assesses its impact on economic growth and poverty in the country.Publication Reclaiming the Lost Century of Growth: Building Learning Economies in Latin America and the Caribbean(Washington, DC: World Bank, 2025-06-06)Update: The Spanish version of the full book was published on September 9, 2025. Latin America and the Caribbean has lost not decades but a century of growth due to its inability to learn—to identify, adapt, and implement the new technologies emerging since the Second Industrial Revolution. Superstars like Argentina, Chile, and Uruguay fell behind peers like France and Germany, while the entire region retrogressed in industries it once dominated and was unable to take advantage of new opportunities that propelled similarly lagging countries to high-income status. The report shows that this remains the case today as the region’s firms continue to lag in assimilating new technologies. However, it argues that Latin America and the Caribbean can reclaim the lost century by building learning economies, creating the human capital, institutions, and incentives needed to increase the demand for knowledge, facilitate the flow of new ideas, and foment the process of experimentation.Publication Guatemala : Country Economic Memorandum, Challenges to Higher Economic Growth(Washington, DC, 2005-03)The purpose of this Country Economic Memorandum (CEM) is to contribute to the ongoing discussion in Guatemala about means of accelerating economic growth to help achieve targets set in the 1996 Peace Accords as a key ingredient in the fight to reduce national poverty rates. Chapter I examines historical and recent developments and uses a benchmarking growth methodology to identify the measures and policies most conducive to increasing long-term economic growth. Those areas that are identified as critical on the list of priorities are developed further in separate chapters. Chapter II focuses on the important role of human capital development for growth, along with the complementary policies for improving education and health. Chapter III examines the investment climate, broadly understood, which includes governance, access to infrastructure, and financial development. Chapter IV analyzes the importance of innovation and technology adaptation for productivity growth. Chapter V looks at trade openness and the catalytic role that the recently negotiated free trade agreement with the U.S. (CAFTA) could have on the Guatemalan economy.Publication The Foundations of Financial Inclusion : Understanding Ownership and Use of Formal Accounts(World Bank, Washington, DC, 2012-12)Financial inclusion -- defined here as the use of formal accounts -- can bring many welfare benefits to individuals. Yet we know very little about the factors underpinning financial inclusion across individuals and countries. Using data for 123 countries and over 124,000 individuals, this paper tries to understand the individual and country characteristics associated with the use of formal accounts and what policies are effective among those most likely to be excluded: the poor and rural residents. The authors find that greater ownership and use of accounts is associated with a better enabling environment for accessing financial services, such as lower account costs and greater proximity to financial intermediaries. Policies targeted to promote inclusion -- such as requiring banks to offer basic or low-fee accounts, exempting some depositors from onerous documentation requirements, allowing correspondent banking, and using bank accounts to make government payments -- are especially effective among those most likely to be excluded. Finally, the authors study the factors associated with perceived barriers to account ownership among those who are financially excluded and find that these individuals report lower barriers in countries with lower costs of accounts and greater penetration of financial service providers. Overall, the results suggest that policies to reduce barriers to financial inclusion may expand the pool of eligible account users and encourage existing account holders to use their accounts to save and with greater frequency.