03. Journals

2,963 items available

Permanent URI for this collection

http://hdl.handle.net/10986/2210

These are journal articles published in World Bank journals as well as externally by World Bank authors.

Sub-collections of this Collection

Items in this collection

Now showing 1 - 7 of 7

Evaluating the Effectiveness of Incentives to Improve HIV Prevention Outcomes for Young Females in Eswatini: Sitakhela Likusasa Impact Evaluation Protocol and Baseline Results

(BMC/Springer Nature, 2020-10-22) Gorgens, Marelize ; Longosz, Andrew F ; Ketende, Sosthenes ; Nkambule, Muziwethu ; Dlamini, Tengetile ; Mabuza, Mbuso ; Sikwibele, Kelvin ; Tsododo, Vimbai ; Dlamini, Mthokozisi ; Dennis-Langa, Futhie ; Heard, Wendy ; Low, Andrea ; Harimurti, Pandu ; Wilson, David ; Mabuza, Khanya ; Walque, Damien de

Eswatini continues to have the highest prevalence of HIV in the world, and one of the highest HIV incidences among adult populations (aged 15–49). This analysis reports on both key elements of study design/protocol and baseline results from an impact evaluation of an intervention incentivizing (i) initiation, enrolment, attendance or completion of some form of education, and (ii) lower risk sexual behavior.
Sexual and Reproductive Health Mobile Apps: Results from a Cross-sectional Values and Preferences Survey to Inform World Health Organization Normative Guidance on Self-care Interventions

(Taylor and Francis, 2020-08-11) Logie, Carmen H. ; Okumu, Moses ; Abela, Heather ; Wilson, David ; Narasimhan, Manjulaa

Mobile application (app) platforms have the potential to advance sexual and reproductive health (SRH). Yet there is a dearth of knowledge regarding global perspectives from healthcare providers on how SRH mobile apps are being leveraged in their healthcare practice. In 2019 the World Health Organization (WHO) developed a consolidated guideline on self-care interventions for SRH. To inform this guideline, we conducted a global values and preferences survey. This study aimed to (a) understand the awareness, access, and uptake of SRH mobile apps; (b) examine how many healthcare provider (HCP) participants provided linkages, referrals and information to clients regarding SRH mobile apps; and (c) among HCP, assess how many felt confident and informed regarding SRH mobile apps. We hosted a cross-sectional web-based survey on the WHO Department of Reproductive Health and Research website and shared the survey with SRHR listservs. There were 825 survey participants, 360 whom identified as healthcare providers (HCP). Approximately one-third of HCP participants had provided a referral/information to their clients about sexual or reproductive health apps. While 40.8% of HCP felt confident and informed about sexual health apps, half (47.4%) reported needing more information, and 15.6% expressed interest in receiving training to use in practice. While 42.6% of HCPs felt confident and informed about reproductive health apps, 45.7% needed more information, and 15.1% were interested in further training. There was also an open-ended question for HCP to share their thoughts about self-care SRH interventions. Specifically regarding SRH apps, HCP responses revealed the importance of considering: (a) security and confidentiality; (b) potential benefits of SRH apps for underserved groups (i.e. youth, rural communities); (c) community engagement; (d) health benefits; and (e) and online training for HCP on SRH mobile apps. Findings signal interest and opportunities for training and engaging HCP in using mobile apps to advance SRH.
Health and AIDS in 2019 and Beyond

(Taylor and Francis, 2018-12-18) Whiteside, Alan ; Wilson, David

Editorials provide an opportunity for the authors to get ideas out and things off their chests. Between us we have a sobering 70 years of experience working on health, initially in Southern Africa. We watched with horror as the HIV epidemic progressed inexorably in the 1980s through Zimbabwe (where David was based) to South Africa in the 1990s (where Alan worked at the University of Natal). HIV was a new disease but swept through the region with unbelievable speed and ferocity. A survey in Northern KwaZulu-Natal in 1986/87 found no HIV, by 2018 prevalence among pregnant women was over 50 percent.
Relapse to Opioid Use in Opioid-Dependent Individuals Released from Compulsory Drug Detention Centres Compared with Those from Voluntary Methadone Treatment Centres in Malaysia: A Two-Arm, Prospective Observational Study

(Elsevier, 2017-02) Wegman, Martin P. ; Altice, Frederick L. ; Kaur, Sangeeth ; Rajandaran, Vanessa ; Osornprasop, Sutayut ; Wilson, David ; Wilson, David P. ; Kamarulzaman, Adeeba

Detention of people who use drugs into compulsory drug detention centres (CDDCs) is common throughout East and Southeast Asia. Evidence-based pharmacological therapies for treating substance use disorders, such as opioid agonist treatments with methadone, are generally unavailable in these settings. We used a unique opportunity where CDDCs coexisted with voluntary drug treatment centres (VTCs) providing methadone in Malaysia to compare the timing and occurrence of opioid relapse (measured using urine drug testing) in individuals transitioning from CDDCs versus methadone maintenance in VTCs. Opioid-dependent individuals in CDDCs are significantly more likely to relapse to opioid use after release, and sooner, than those treated with evidence-based treatments such as methadone, suggesting that CDDCs have no role in the treatment of opioid-use disorders.
AIDS at 35: A Midlife Crisis

(Taylor and Francis, 2016-12-14) Wilson, David ; Whiteside, Alan

This year marks the 35th since AIDS was first identified and the epidemic faces a ‘mid-life’ crisis. It seems to us it is time to take stock of both the successes we have meet and the challenges we face. In this editorial for the final issue of AJAR in 2016 we do this. We warned of the potential devastation AIDS would wreak across Africa, but this went unheard. We watched with dismay as colleagues and friends sickened and died, and the political leaders initially ignored what was to come. In this editorial we look at the best of times – where things went well; and the worst of times – where the challenges lie.
The Use of Cash Transfers for HIV Prevention – Are We There Yet?

(Taylor and Francis, 2016-03-22) Taaffe, Jessica ; Cheikh, Nejma ; Wilson, David

Poverty and social inequality are significant drivers of the HIV epidemic and are risk factors for acquiring HIV. As such, many individuals worldwide are at risk for new HIV infection, especially young women in East and Southern Africa. By addressing these drivers, social protection programs may mitigate the impact of poverty and social inequality on HIV risk. There is reason to believe that social protection can be used successfully for HIV prevention; social protection programs, including cash transfers, have led to positive health outcomes and behavior in other contexts, and they have been used successfully to promote education and increased income and employment opportunities. Furthermore, cash transfers have influenced sexual behavior of young women and girls, thereby decreasing sexual risk factors for HIV infection. When HIV outcomes have been measured, several randomized controlled trials have shown that indirectly, cash transfers have led to reduced HIV prevalence and incidence. In these studies, school attendance and safer sexual health were directly incentivized through the cash transfer, yet there was a positive effect on HIV outcomes. In this review, we discuss the growth of social protection programs, their benefits and impact on health, education and economic potential, and how these outcomes may affect HIV risk. We also review the studies that have shown that cash transfers can lead to reduced HIV infection, including study limitations and what questions still remain with regard to using cash transfers for HIV prevention.
HIV Programs for Sex Workers: Lessons and Challenges for Developing and Delivering Programs

(Public Library of Science, 2015-06-16) Wilson, David

There is evidence that HIV prevention programs for sex workers, especially female sex workers, are cost-effective in several contexts, including many western countries, Thailand, India, the Democratic Republic of Congo, Kenya, and Zimbabwe. The evidence that sex worker HIV prevention programs work must not inspire complacency but rather a renewed effort to expand, intensify, and maximize their impact. The PLOS Collection “Focus on Delivery and Scale: Achieving HIV Impact with Sex Workers” highlights major challenges to scaling-up sex worker HIV prevention programs, noting the following: sex worker HIV prevention programs are insufficiently guided by understanding of epidemic transmission dynamics, situation analyses, and programmatic mapping; sex worker HIV and sexually transmitted infection services receive limited domestic financing in many countries; many sex worker HIV prevention programs are inadequately codified to ensure consistency and quality; and many sex worker HIV prevention programs have not evolved adequately to address informal sex workers, male and transgender sex workers, and mobile- and internet-based sex workers. Based on the wider collection of papers, this article presents three major clusters of recommendations: (i) HIV programs focused on sex workers should be prioritized, developed, and implemented based on robust evidence; (ii) national political will and increased funding are needed to increase coverage of effective sex worker HIV prevention programs in low and middle income countries; and (iii) comprehensive, integrated, and rapidly evolving HIV programs are needed to ensure equitable access to health services for individuals involved in all forms of sex work.