03. Journals

2,963 items available

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http://hdl.handle.net/10986/2210

These are journal articles published in World Bank journals as well as externally by World Bank authors.

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Now showing 1 - 10 of 49

Patronage, Service Delivery, and Social Justice in Indonesia

(Taylor and Francis, 2012-02-07) Blunt, Peter ; Turner, Mark ; Lindroth, Henrik

This article examines how patronage networks operate in subnational governments in Indonesia paying particular attention to how they have affected human resource management (HRM) practices in education and health services. Corrupt practices were found in varying degrees in all the provincial public services studied. They were associated with patronage systems and involved illegal payments for entrance exam results, recruitment and selection, placement, promotion, and transfer. These practices had an adverse effect on the quantity and quality of service delivery and represented a challenge to social justice.
The Value of Vocational Education : High School Type and Labor Market Outcomes in Indonesia

(World Bank, 2011-05-31) Newhouse, David ; Suryadarma, Daniel

This paper examines the relationship between the type of senior high school attended by Indonesian youth and their subsequent labor market outcomes. This topic is timely in light of a recent policy shift that aims to dramatically expand vocational education. The analysis controls for an unusually rich set of predetermined characteristics, and exploits longitudinal data spanning fourteen years to separately identify cohort and age effects. There are four main findings. First, the estimated wage premium for vocational graduates, relative to general graduates, is greater for women than men. Second, the returns to public vocational school for men have plummeted for the most recent cohort, and male vocational graduates now face a large wage penalty. Third, the generally favorable outcomes of public school graduates can be partly explained by non-random sorting of students with higher test scores and better-educated parents into public schools. Finally, these peer effects appear to be particularly important for students with above-average test scores, as men with high scores earn a surprisingly small premium from graduating from vocational or private general school. These small returns for high-scoring men, as well as the dramatic fall in the earnings premium for all male vocational graduates, raise important concerns about the current expansion of public vocational education and the relevance of the male vocational curriculum in an increasingly service-oriented economy.
Are The Poverty Effects of Trade Policies Invisible?

(World Bank, 2011-05-31) Verma, Monika ; Hertel, Thomas W. ; Valenzuela, Ernesto

Beginning with the WTO's Doha Development Agenda and establishment of the Millennium Development Goal of reducing poverty by 50 percent by 2015, poverty impacts of trade reforms have become central to the global development agenda. This has been particularly true of agricultural trade reforms due to the importance of grains in the diets of the poor, presence of relatively higher protection in agriculture, as well as heavy concentration of global poverty in rural areas where agriculture is the main source of income. Yet some in this debate have argued that, given the extreme volatility in agricultural commodity markets, the additional price and therefore poverty impacts due to trade liberalization might well be indiscernible. This paper formally tests the “invisibility hypothesis” using the method of stochastic simulation in a trade-poverty modeling framework. The hypothesis test is based on the comparison of two samples of price and poverty distributions. The first originates solely from the inherent variability in global staple grains markets, while the second combines the effects of inherent market variability with those of trade reform in these same markets. Results, at the national and stratum level indicate that the short-run poverty impacts of full trade liberalization in staple grains trade worldwide, are distinguishable in only four of the fifteen countries, suggesting that impacts of more modest agricultural trade reforms are indeed likely to be invisible in short run. Countries that show statistically significant short run impacts are the ones characterized by high staple grains tariffs and/or a moderate degree of grain markets variability. Within each country, results are heterogeneous. In two thirds of the sample countries, agriculturally self-employed poor experience statistically significant poverty impacts from trade liberalization. However, this figure is under a third for all the other strata.
Why Aren't Children Learning

( 2011-04) Banerjee, Abhijit V. ; Duflo, Esther

We are five years away from 2015, the year when the Millennium Development Goal of universal education is supposed to be achieved, and the school attendance numbers do look good. In many parts of both East and West Africa, and almost all of South Asia, school enrollment has grown rapidly, with primary school enrollment now exceeding 90 percent in many areas (UNESCO 2009).
An Indicator-Based Integrated Assessment of Ecosystem Change and Human-Well-Being: Selected Case Studies from Indonesia, China and Japan

( 2011) Suneetha, M. S. ; Rahajoe, Joeni S. ; Shoyama, Kikuko ; Lu, Xing ; Thapa, Shubhechchha ; Braimoh, Ademola K.

The paper highlights the findings of a study from selected ecosystems in Indonesia, China, and Japan. The study sought to trace changes to productive resources of ecosystems over a period of 50 years; and trace the dependence of well-being of local populations on the ecosystems for the same time period. Data was collected from land-use maps, records, and participatory rapid/rural appraisal (PRA) surveys in multistakeholder forums. To illustrate the changes, an indicator-based assessment framework was developed that integrates data from biophysical and socio-economic parameters. We observed that the approach (1) provides a better representation of the preferences of different stakeholders of ecosystem services, (2) fosters validation of data between the different stakeholders and (3) enables a communication and planning process among the stakeholders to sustainably utilize and manage their ecosystems. The use of spatial maps validates the relevance and utility of diachronic observations of communities and other stakeholders directly dependent on ecosystems. At the same time, they can be used to strengthen local planning processes for the development of services in the ecosystem. Such research thereby also acts as a catalyst to a social process of coordinated action to address local issues of global relevance.
The Bogotá Spirit : South-South Peers and Partners at the Practice-Policy Nexus

( 2010-10) Schulz, Nils-Sjard

On a warm evening in late March of this year, more than 500 enthusiastic delegates from around the world poured out of the Chamber of Commerce building in Bogot�, with a shared vision that South-South cooperation would reshape today�s development cooperation landscape. Despite the Colombian capital�s dizzying altitude of 2,800 meters, their zeal for effective South-South knowledge exchange and mutual learning left the participants of the Bogot� High Level Event on South-South cooperation and Capacity Development clear headed and with a long list of ideas, projects and plans, for their countries and regions, and for their multilateral, parliamentary, civil society, and research organizations.
Asia's Deepening Regionalism Brings Shared Prosperity

( 2010-10) Nag, Rajat M.

Asia's coming of age has been the development story of the past 40 years. The reasons for this are varied. But some of the more significant factors have been knowledge exchange, technology transfer, and increased economic integration and cooperation between governments of developing economies. Asia�s success is in part the result of increased dialogue between regional partners, formalized through institutions such as the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), which expanded fromits original five-member core in 1967 to encompass all Southeast Asia by mid-1999 and aims to establish an ASEAN Economic Community by 2015.
Making South-South Happen : Ten Years of Knowledge Exchange through the Global Development Learning Network

( 2010-10) Soulejman Janus, Steffen ; Seck, Mor

"As businesswomen, we want to find how we can network cost effectively. We have a better future, because when you network, you get markets, you get experience, you get success stories from different places." These were the comments made by Dina Bina, a small flower shop owner in Dar es Salaam and the Chair of the Tanzania Women�s Chamber of Commerce.
Development Marketplace Winners : On the Pathway to Replication and Sustainability

( 2010-07) Grubisich, Tom

Even before Panos Varangis and his team of World Bank, insurance practitioners, and academics competed for a US$117,000 grant in Development Marketplace 2000, they were, like chess players, already planning how to fund and test their concept in countries beyond the scope of their DM application.
Communications as Innovation in Social Entreprise

( 2010-07) Wilson, Edith R. ; Murby, Richard

With the merger of social media and communication and the speed at which social networks are building out around the world, only one thing is certain: a vital part of daily life is changing fundamentally all ove the world, including how innovative ideas spread.