Arabic PDFs Available

257 items available

Permanent URI for this collection

http://hdl.handle.net/10986/5996

The following titles are also available in Arabic. Click on the title link and look toward the bottom of the page to locate the PDFs that can be downloaded for that title.

Items in this collection

Now showing 1 - 7 of 7

Cairo Traffic Congestion Study : Executive Note

(Washington, DC, 2014-05) World Bank

The Greater Cairo Metropolitan Area (GCMA), with more than 19 million inhabitants, is host to more than one-fifth of Egypt's population. The GCMA is also an important contributor to the Egyptian economy in terms of GDP and jobs. The population of the GCMA is expected to further increase to 24 million by 2027, and correspondingly its importance to the economy will also increase. Traffic congestion is a serious problem in the GCMA with large and adverse effects on both the quality of life and the economy. In addition to the time wasted standing still in traffic, time that could be put to more productive uses, congestion results in unnecessary fuel consumption, causes additional wear and tear on vehicles, increases harmful emissions lowering air quality, increases the costs of transport for business, and makes the GCMA an unattractive location for businesses and industry. These adverse effects have very real and large monetary and nonmonetary costs not only for the economy of the GCMA, but given its size, for the economy of Egypt as well. As the population of the GCMA continues to increase, traffic congestion is becoming worse and the need to address this congestion is becoming more urgent. This report documents the results of the study. The results of this study should be of interest to policy-makers and practitioners in the GCMA, the Egyptian Government, other cities facing similar problems, and international financial institutions.
Arab Republic of Egypt Workforce Development : SABER Country Report 2014

(Washington, DC, 2014) World Bank

From the mid-2000s to 2011, the Egyptian economy grew at a rapid pace. Yet, this economic performance has not significantly improved the country's overall competitiveness, nor has this growth impacted the masses by providing more decent jobs. In 2004, the Government of Egypt embarked on a structural reform program of liberalization and privatization, which, combined with high oil prices, booming economies in the Gulf countries, and strong global economic growth, led to real GDP growth of over 7 percent per year between FY06 and FY08. The subsequent global financial, food, and fuel crises dampened economic growth in Egypt to an average of 5 percent in FY09 and FY10, still a strong performance by international standards. However, since 2011, the macroeconomic picture has deteriorated due to unresolved political tensions and policy inflexibility.
Arab Republic of Egypt - Reshaping Egypt's Economic Geography : Domestic Integration as a Development Platform, Volume 1

(Washington, DC, 2012-06) World Bank

This report investigates Egypt's regional economic growth, explores the causes for geographically unbalanced development, and proposes policy options to make unbalanced growth compatible with inclusive development. In Egypt, despite rapid progress in most welfare indicators in lagging regions, there are still substantial gaps in consumption and opportunities between growth poles and the rest of the country. This report's central proposal is adopting spatial integration as a development platform, in which the policy focus shifts from spreading out industrial location to spreading out access to basic public services and facilitating factor mobility, which will make growth more inclusive and development more balanced in Egypt. Egypt's new political environment provides an opportunity to examine this perennial problem from a new perspective. Adopting integration as a development platform is not simple because spatial disparities are spanned in three dimensions: urban/rural dichotomies, the upper Egypt/lower Egypt duality, and the differences between large metropolises and the rest of the country. This report first identifies the gaps in consumption and in opportunities, showing the stark contrasts between regions and how they evolve through time. It then explores the causes of the gaps, revealing a multiplicity of factors and exposing the complexity of the problem. Finally, the bulk of the report presents the policy options to address the integration challenges.
Reshaping Egypt's Economic Geography : Domestic Integration as a Development Platform

(Washington, DC, 2012-06) World Bank

This report investigates Egypt's regional economic growth, explores the causes for geographically unbalanced development, and proposes policy options to make unbalanced growth compatible with inclusive development. Regional disparities in income and consumption may be attributed to differences in natural endowments and geographical location, but unbalanced growth is mostly due to economies of scale, spillover effects, and the lower transaction costs that result from agglomeration. In Egypt, despite rapid progress in most welfare indicators in lagging regions, there are still substantial gaps in consumption and opportunities between growth poles and the rest of the country. Adopting integration as a development platform is not simple because spatial disparities are spanned in three dimensions: urban/rural dichotomies, the upper Egypt/lower Egypt duality, and the differences between large metropolises and the rest of the country. This typology of instruments underlies the menu of options presented in this report as the basis of domestic spatial integration as a development platform to achieve more balanced and equitable development without sacrificing growth. This report first identifies the gaps in consumption and in opportunities, showing the stark contrasts between regions and how they evolve through time. It then explores the causes of the gaps, revealing a multiplicity of factors and exposing the complexity of the problem. Finally, the bulk of the report presents the policy options to address the integration challenges.
Egypt - Linking Funding to Outputs : Expenditures of the Ministry of Agriculture and Land Reclamation

(World Bank, 2009-01-09) World Bank

This review of the on-budget expenditure of the Ministry of Agriculture and Land Reclamation (MALR) in Egypt describes the broad outline of the MARL's expenditures and identifies key themes and issues. The report examines how the context of the agricultural sector has changed, and the adjustment challenge that such change poses for the MALR. It explains how the MALR is thinking about the future, describes the structures of the MALR, and presents expenditure trends for the MALR down to the sector or authority level. Also, the document identifies some key issues to be addressed and zooms in on the research institutions of the MALR, the Agricultural Research Centre and the Desert Research Centre.
Doing Business in Egypt 2008

(World Bank, Washington, DC, 2008) World Bank ; International Finance Corporation

Doing Business in Egypt 2008 covers three topics at the sub national level: starting a business, dealing with licenses and registering property. These indicators have been selected because they cover areas of local jurisdiction and practice. In the last two years, doing business in Egypt has become more affordable the minimum capital required to start a business and the costs of registering property and dealing with licenses have been slashed. Doing Business in Egypt 2008 records all procedures required for a business in the construction industry to build a standardized warehouse. Doing Business in Egypt 2008 records the full sequence of procedures necessary when a business purchases land and a building to transfer the property title from another business so that the buyer can use the property for expanding its business, as collateral in taking new loans or, if necessary, to sell to another business. The ease of doing business index is limited in scope. The Doing Business indicators provide a new empirical data set that may improve understanding of these issues.
Arab Republic of Egypt : Cost Assessment of Environmental Degradation

(Washington, DC, 2002-06-29) World Bank

The report is a first step in a process towards the use of environmental damage cost assessments, for priority setting, and as an instrument for integrating environment, into economic, and social development. The report provides estimates of damage, and remediation cost for several areas of the environment, and, as areas of priority are identified, further analysis would be required for more accurate estimates. The damage cost of environmental degradation in Egypt in 1999, is estimated at 3.2-6.4 percent of GDP, with a mean estimate of 4.8 of GDP. In addition, the damage cost to the global environment is estimated at 0.6 percent of GDP. The cost of air pollution is assessed at 1.1-3.2 percent of GDP (urban outdoor and rural indoor), followed by soil degradation at 1.0-1.4 percent (erosion and salinity). In the area of water, the damage cost is estimated at 0.7-1.2 percent of GDP (mostly from the lack of safe water, sanitation and hygiene). Cost of coastal zone degradation is estimated at 0.2.-0.4 percent of GDP, and, inadequate waste management at around 0.2 percent of GDP. Of the total damage cost, about two thirds comes from damages to health, and a third from natural resource degradation. It should be noted that no cost estimate is provided for degradation associated with industrial, hazardous, and hospital waste, as sufficient data were unavailable. Similarly, cost assessment of degradation associated with inadequately treated wastewater is limited, due to data constraints. Cost is also presented for a limited number of remedial actions, in each of the environmental areas for which damage cost is estimated. More detailed analysis is required in future work, in order to compare benefits of remediation, to reduction in damage marginal cost.