Other ESW Reports

242 items available

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This includes miscellaneous ESW types and pre-2003 ESW type reports that are subsequently completed and released.

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    Philippine Jobs Report: Shaping a Better Future for the Filipino Workforce
    (Washington, DC, 2023-03-27) World Bank
    Shaping a Better Future for the Filipino Workforce aims to inform jobs policy by examining key determinants and outcomes of jobs. Jobs are created when the macroeconomic environment is conducive and policies are predictable to businesses with sustained growth, trades, and investments. At the same time, a large body of literature also shows that economic growth alone is not sufficient for generating jobs. Jobs are created when firms pursue expansion through innovation and competitiveness and demand for more labor input, while workers’ skills and human capital are able to meet the needs of firms. Intrahousehold resource allocation and decisions for labor supply also affect the jobs outcomes. It is not uncommon that workers as self-employed create jobs by initiating their own business. The market clearing process of labor is then affected by labor market institutions, most notably labor market regulations and labor policies and programs. These are key determinants of how easy it is to start a business or to hire a worker, how high labor costs are, and how efficiently firms and workers are matched. Part I looks into the country’s labor market in chronological order, while Part II discusses three major areas of Philippine jobs - labor regulation, international migration, and emerging demands for green and digital jobs.
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    Business Environment Reforms in Fragile and Conflict-Affected Situations: What Works and Why?
    (World Bank, Washington, DC, 2022) Ghossein, Tania ; Rana, Ahmed Nauraiz
    Economies that are suffering from fragility, conflict and violence (three distinct yet interconnected elements of FCS) confront intractable poverty, and faltering growth – missing out on development objectives by significant margins. As the poverty rate in FCS has increased, the number of poor people in those economies has increased from 180 million to nearly 300 million – almost at par with the number of poor in non-FCS economies (which constitute 90 percent of global population). It is estimated that by 2030, two-thirds of the global poor will be concentrated in fragile states. This means that ending extreme poverty requires accelerating gains where poverty has been most intractable: in FCS. By definition, the economies concerned are often characterized by weak institutions and political instability, and lower level of private sector development to promote business-led growth. FCS economies require significant reforms to policy and delivery mechanisms along multiple dimensions to achieve growth and poverty reduction.