Other Agriculture Study
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Publication
Mongolia : Livestock Sector Study
(Washington, DC, 2009-09-15)The purpose of this synthesis report is to try and draw together recent work on the sector to understand in greater detail what is driving the sector, and how these drivers and trends may play out in the future and what options are available in response. This is not a strategy for the sector, but rather an attempt to provide some clarity to the development of the sector as a basis for stimulating discussion to inform strategy and specifically, to inform government policy and expenditure in the sector. The report draws upon five working papers (WPs) that were commissioned by the Ministry of Food and Agriculture in 2006 and 2007 . These papers tried to fill gaps in current knowledge of drivers in the sector rather than provide a comprehensive study of the sector, and their findings have been supplemented by other work in the sector. -
Publication
Technical Assistance to the Agriculture Development Task Force in Afghanistan
(Washington, DC, 2009-05)This report summarizes the main outputs of the technical assistance provided which was concentrated in three areas: (1) development of MAIL's strategic priorities and investments for the immediate future/short term, medium term and longer term; (2) advising Ministry of Agriculture, Irrigation and Livestock (MAIL) regarding the design of an appropriate structure of the Ministry and definition of corresponding responsibilities; (3) analytical policy advice regarding urgent issues that the Ministry of Agriculture (MAIL) has to deal with on a daily basis, but where it lacks the capacity to analyze alternative policy strategies and solutions. The technical assistance work regarding urgent policy issues has focused on three main areas: (1) organization and management of public food grain stocks; (2) purchasing and distribution of improved wheat seed; and (3) leasing of government-owned land to private entities. Finally, and outside the area of policy support, the Bank may consider stepping up its efforts to help MAIL to further develop/restore Afghanistan's agricultural production base and in this way help improving the livelihoods of poor rural people. More specifically the Bank may consider exploring the Government's interest in a project aimed at increasing agricultural incomes through improvements in the quality and reliability of input delivery systems and wider adoption of improved production technologies, including technologies that increase the efficiency of on-farm water management. -
Publication
Reforming Fisheries and Aquaculture for Global Benefits : Evaluation Report
(World Bank, Washington, DC, 2009-03)The World Bank had commissioned an independent team to evaluate and assess the future role of PROFISH, the Global Program on Fisheries. The evaluation team found that PROFISH, since its inception in 2005, had made excellent progress in raising World Bank, bilateral donor and client country awareness of fisheries development needs, contributed fisheries and aquaculture content to global development products and assisted World Bank country and regional operations. The evaluation team concluded that fisheries can be reformed to achieve multiple objectives by (1) focusing on governance and institutions, (2) including fisheries in the mainstream development agendas and in global themes such as food security and climate change, and (3) applying the key operational tools of problem diagnosis, sequenced interventions and implementation experience and learning. -
Publication
Mission Note Bangladesh, March 15-31, 2009
(Washington, DC, 2009-03)The Government of Bangladesh has requested the World Bank to provide further assistance to the livestock and dairy sectors. During a mission of the Sector Manager of Agriculture and Rural Development (ARD) of the South Asia region of the World Bank to Bangladesh in November 2008, the Secretary of the Ministry of Livestock and Fisheries (MOFL) of the former Caretaker Government of Bangladesh (BD) requested the Sector Manager for assistance to the development of the dairy and fisheries subsectors to support the livelihoods of the rural people and contribute to the economic growth of the country. The secretary of the MOFL also reminded the Bank of its proposal for an investment request for dairy development to the Bank sent in 2007. In response, the Bank agreed to carry out a technical mission to review the current state of the livestock sector (with special focus on the dairy sub-sector) and the fisheries sector, particularly inland fishery production (including freshwater capture and freshwater aquaculture). The mission reviewed policy, technical and administrative aspects in order to identify key bottlenecks and assess the scope for Bank-supported further development of the sectors. This request of the Government is consistent with the emphasis in the Poverty Reduction Strategy Plan (PRSP) on further development of the livestock and fisheries sectors which together account for 7 percent of total Gross Domestic Product, or GDP (3 percent livestock, 4 percent fisheries) and 33 percent of agricultural GDP). -
Publication
Agriculture in Bangladesh : A Note on Food Security by Enhancing Productivity
(Washington, DC, 2009-01)Awami League's Election Manifesto 2008 appropriately recognizes the importance of ensuring food security for all in Bangladesh. Food Security requires increasing agricultural growth which in turn is a key factor in reducing poverty in the country. Food security also requires increasing agricultural production and protecting consumers. Sustained production increases, in turn, require technology-driven increases in the productivity of crops (rice in particular), fisheries and livestock. This is possible through interventions that improve: (i) agricultural research and extension systems to generate and disseminate high yielding varieties and location-specific solutions to production constraints; (ii) timely access to quality production inputs, especially seeds and fertilizer; (iii) coverage, targeting, and administration of production subsidies (especially fertilizer) in order to make them efficient and fiscally sustainable; and (iv) irrigation and drainage. Increasing the incomes of small and marginal farmers requires promotion of commercial agriculture and agri-business opportunities through: (a) value chain development and value-addition to selected agricultural commodities; (b) improvements in market infrastructure; (c) supporting the development of farmer groups and producer organizations and link them with value chains and markets; and (d) facilitating private sector investment in agri-business development, demand-driven research and extension systems, and rural finance through public-private partnerships. Food safety nets are needed to protect poor and vulnerable consumers but their coverage, targeting, and administration need to be improved. All these interventions will require a right blend of public policies, resources, and participation of public and private sector, and increased technical and administrative capacity of the institutions responsible for agriculture extension, research, food procurement, water management, and safety net management. -
Publication
Rethinking Forest Partnerships and Benefit Sharing : Insights on Factors and Context that Make Collaborative Arrangements Work for Communities and Landowners
(Washington, DC, 2009-01)Forest-sector collaborative arrangements come in many forms. The local partner may be a community, an association, or a set of individual landholders. The outside partner may be a private organization or a government. The interest of the local partner may be production of income from the forest, security of access to land, increased labor or small business opportunities, protection of traditionally valued resources, or other values. The interest of the outside partner may be similarly varied, from securing access to forest products, to obtaining the cooperation of the local community in the partner's resource use, to securing a source of labor, to alleviation of rural poverty, to production of environmental services and management of risks. Establishing arrangements that effectively deliver sustainable forest management and benefit local communities is a challenge because of the range of participants, objectives, and scales of partnerships and benefit-sharing arrangements. This study uses an evidence-based approach to provide insights into developing and maintaining collaborative arrangements in the forest sector. It aims to inform discussions and approaches to forest partnership and benefit-sharing arrangements. It also offers guidance on how to implement key factors that influence contract-based forest partnerships and benefit-sharing arrangements. -
Publication
Roots for Good Forest Outcomes : An Analytical Framework for Governance Reforms
(World Bank, 2009-01-01)Poor governance is a major impediment to achieving development outcomes of the forest sector. It results in losses of income, employment, government revenues, and local and global environmental services. However, at present, no comprehensive guide to reforming forest governance has been developed. Although usually it is relatively easy to recognize that the forest sector in a country is failing to deliver all its potential benefits, the lack of an appropriate analytical framework makes it much harder to identify the major shortcomings and to propose a fitting response. This economic and sector work (ESW) is the first step in creating a reformer's tool to diagnose forest governance weaknesses and pinpoint appropriate reforms. Section one of these studies explores the consequences of poor governance and the need for and the track record of forest governance reforms. It highlights some key gaps in our understanding of the governance challenge that provide the rationale for this report. Section two reviews the available literature and extant initiatives on describing and measuring governance. It looks at existing general indicators of governance and an indicator aim specifically at the forest sector and highlights the main lessons learned. Section three presents a comprehensive conceptual framework with which forest governance diagnostics can be undertaken in a country. Finally, section four summarizes the material and offers conclusions. -
Publication
Insecurity of Land Tenure, Land Law and Land Registration in Liberia
(Washington, DC, 2008-10-22)To implement the vision of fostering economic development, social equity, and a transparent and effective government, the Government of Liberia has outlined key transitions that need to be accomplished. These include the development of infrastructure (roads, electricity), schools, job creation and transition from war, civil conflict and social polarization to a well functioning society in which economic opportunities are fostered and distributed equitably. Yet clearly, reform of the land tenure system is also a priority of Government. This is because effective land policy makes an enormous contribution to improve the investment climate of Liberia, ensure maximum use efficiency of land; increase land based revenues and improves equity in the access and use of land, thereby reducing social polarization and violence. Today, security of land tenure in today's Liberia is weak to non-existent. Some of the key problems include the following: a) the legal distinction between public land and tribal lands lacks clarity, resulting in tensions between government, which has long asserted ownership of and the right to alienate large areas of land occupied by traditional communities, and those communities, who regard this land as their own; and b) key land administration agencies have lost human and technical capital, and debilitated and need to be rebuilt istration agencies have lost human and technical capital, and debilitated and need to be rebuilt? There is a need to re-examine the provisions of the laws concerning public land and its alienation and the law concerning the rules and regulations on the 'hinterlands'. All reflect extensive claims to state ownership of land and resources on land under customary law, and such claims have been the source of political tensions which contributed to the conflicts of the past decades. There is a need for redress, and a careful rebalancing of interests to both enhance rural livelihoods and permit the exploitation of valuable resources in the national interest. Such redress must, once standards are clear, involve survey and registration of both public land and the land of rural communities. -
Publication
Sustainable Management of Agricultural Research and Technology Dissemination (SMARTD) : A Strategic Framework
(Washington, DC, 2008-06)Revitalizing agriculture is critical for rural Indonesia's economic prosperity. Historically, Indonesia's dramatic poverty reduction was driven by progress in agriculture and agriculture continues to be a potent driver of growth and poverty alleviation. Agricultural sector growth strongly induces non-agricultural sector growth in rural areas, particularly through demand for locally produced and services. Agricultural sector productivity growth (along with price changes) has remained the most important way out of poverty. To shift agriculture along these dimensions, Indonesia needs to transition from its current and ineffective public stance, growing subsidies and selective output protection, to a more aggressive provision of public goods and services that build support systems for farmers to achieve continuous productivity gains. This will require an enabling agriculture policy environment, significant improvement in the delivery of services, agricultural research and extension in particular, and supporting enabling investments, which will encourage small farmers to move to high value agricultural activities. This will boost employment and raise incomes in rural areas while creating a bigger rural market with greater trade and investment opportunities. -
Publication
Sustainable Management of Agricultural Research and Technology Dissemination (SMARTD) : A Strategic Framework
(World Bank, Washington, DC, 2008-06)Revitalizing agriculture is critical for rural Indonesia's economic prosperity. Historically, Indonesia's dramatic poverty reduction was driven by progress in agriculture and agriculture continues to be a potent driver of growth and poverty alleviation. Agricultural sector growth strongly induces non-agricultural sector growth in rural areas, particularly through demand for locally produced and services. Agricultural sector productivity growth (along with price changes) has remained the most important way out of poverty. To shift agriculture along these dimensions, Indonesia needs to transition from its current and ineffective public stance, growing subsidies and selective output protection, to a more aggressive provision of public goods and services that build support systems for farmers to achieve continuous productivity gains. This will require an enabling agriculture policy environment, significant improvement in the delivery of services, agricultural research and extension in particular, and supporting enabling investments, which will encourage small farmers to move to high value agricultural activities. This will boost employment and raise incomes in rural areas while creating a bigger rural market with greater trade and investment opportunities.