Other Agriculture Study

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Sub-Saharan Africa

Sub-Saharan Africa, home to more than 1 billion people, half of whom will be under 25 years old by 2050, is a diverse ...

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  • Publication
    Transforming Agriculture in South Sudan: From Humanitarian Aid to a Development Oriented Growth Path
    (Rome, Italy; Washington D.C., United States of America : FAO; World Bank, 2022) Eliste, Paavo; Forget, Vanina; Veillerette, Benoist; Rothe, Ann-Kristin; Camara, Youssouf; Cherrou, Yamina; Ugo, Edward; Deng, Samuel
    FAO teamed up with the World Bank on this strategic analysis of the investment, policy and institutional support needed to shift South Sudan’s agriculture sector from humanitarian relief to a development-oriented growth path. The team carried out a thorough review of lessons learned in South Sudan and other conflict-affected countries and held consultations with a wide range of stakeholders in the country. As a result, four complementary investment strategies were identified: agriculture production and food security; community resilience and social capital; value chain development and jobs; and peace consolidation. The authors advocate for combining these four strategies in a flexible way, depending on how the shocks currently affecting agriculture (conflict, violence, macro-economic instability, governance, natural disasters) evolve in the coming years. The Government of South Sudan and the World Bank consider this analytical work a milestone that will pave the way for future investments in agriculture and rural development in the country. This publication is part of the Country Investment Highlights series under the FAO Investment Centre’s Knowledge for Investment (K4I) programme.
  • Publication
    Mozambique Agriculture Support Policy Review: Realigning Agriculture Support Policies and Programs
    (Washington, DC, 2021-12-30) World Bank
    This report assesses agriculture policy support estimates in Mozambique. These estimates represent the monetary value assigned to different agriculture support policies and programs using the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) methodology for 2018. The advantages of using the OECD methodology are that: (a) it provides a systematic and integrated view of agriculture support policies and programs (not limited to the more traditional public expenditure reviews or rate of protection); (b) given the large number of countries using this same methodology to measure support estimates, an immediate benchmarking is possible across a large set of comparators; and (c) the methodology is simple and can be integrated into the agriculture public policy analysis conducted by the Government and other stakeholders. This assessment aims to support the Mozambique Government in reviewing its agriculture policies and programs, in particular to: (a) provide new estimates and a new approach to assess sector support for policy decision making; (b) allow for benchmarking agriculture support policies with a large global database of countries using the same estimate methodology; and (c) help kickstart a policy dialogue on realigning agriculture policies and programs in Mozambique towards greater sector competitiveness and fast economic recovery from the Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, increased food security and nutrition outcomes, and climate sustainability through a build back better approach.
  • Publication
    The Role of Strategic Grain Reserves in Enhancing Food Security in Zambia and Zimbabwe
    (World Bank, Washington, DC, 2021-06-21) World Bank
    Zambia and Zimbabwe have experienced food security emergencies of varying severity, mainly caused by drought and floods in some areas. Like several countries in Africa and elsewhere, the two countries have developed and used Strategic Grain Reserves (SGR) to cope with food emergencies and other functions to ensure the availability of food. Both countries have years of experience with SGR as a key component of their respective food security policies. At the center of this strategy is the availability and sufficient supply of white maize, as the single most important strategic crop. The study is organized into four parts as follows: Part 1 presents the introduction laying out the background, objectives, methodology and structure of the report; Parts 2 and 3 present separate country analysis for Zambia and Zimbabwe covering the overview of the food security situation, strategic grain reserve operations and management in relation to food emergencies, and recommendations to enhance the strategic grain management; and Part 4 presents the conclusion.
  • Publication
    Zambia's Farmer Input Support Program and Recommendations for Re-designing the Program
    (World Bank, Washington, DC, 2021-06-21) World Bank
    This note provides recommendations for redesigning Zambia’s Farmer Input Support Program (FISP) in the context of international experience with other similar programs, especially those in Africa. The objective of this note is to provide recommendations that can help in improving the current programs providing subsidized inputs to farmers, through enhancing the efficiency of the program, targeting the right beneficiaries, value perceived by beneficiary farmers, and probably bringing in savings. The note is a key deliverable under the Advisory Services work carried out by the Bank on strategies for food security in Zambia and Zimbabwe. This note has three sections following the summary: (i) a brief review of the evidence generated on input subsidy programs; (ii) specific recommendations for Zambia’s Farmers Input Support Program, and (iii) recommendations on complementary investments.
  • Publication
    Angola Agriculture Support Policy Review: Realigning Agriculture Support Policies and Programs
    (World Bank, Washington, DC, 2021-06-20) World Bank
    This report assesses agriculture policy support estimates in Angola. These estimates represent the monetary value assigned to different agriculture support policies and programs using the OECD methodology for the years 2018–2019. The advantages of using the OECD methodology are that: (a) it provides a systematic and integrated view of agriculture support policies and programs (not limited to the more traditional public expenditure reviews or rate of protection); (b) given the large number of countries using this same methodology to measure support estimates, an immediate benchmarking is possible across a large set of comparators; and (c) the methodology is simple and can be integrated into the agriculture public policy analysis conducted by the Government and other stakeholders. The methodology also has some disadvantages and limitations, mainly: (a) while it quantifies the level of support provided to producers and consumers, it does not further disaggregate support received by type of agricultural producers (small-scale, large-scale; family farm, commercial) or consumers; (b) since the estimates are based on the monetary value of budget and price support, non-monetary support, like the quality of policies, is not captured (e.g., the methodology is able to identify how much policy/program support is invested in land administration efforts, but unable to qualify the impact (quality) of those policies/programs). This assessment aims to support the Angolan Government in reviewing its agriculture policies and programs, in particular to: (a) provide new estimates and a new approach to assess sector support for policy decision-making; (b) allow for benchmarking agriculture support policies with a large global database of countries using the same estimate methodology; and (c) help kickstart a policy dialogue on realigning agriculture policies and programs in Angola towards greater sector competitiveness and fast economic recovery from the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, increased food security and nutrition outcomes, and climate sustainability through a build back better approach.
  • Publication
    Nigeria Transforming Agribusiness for Inclusive Recovery, Jobs Creation, and Poverty Reduction: Policy Reforms and Investment Priorities
    (World Bank, Washington, DC, 2021-04-30) Mghenyi, Elliot W.; Dankers, Cora; Thurlow, James; Anyiro, Chidozie
    Modern economic policy making in Nigeria has placed enormous emphasis on diversification of the economy to non-oil productive sectors. With the aim to restore economic growth following the 2015-16 recession and lay the foundations for long-term structural change, the economic growth and recovery plan (ERGP) recognized the need to diversify the economy to non-oil productive sectors such as agriculture and agro-allied industries, in order to build an economy that can generate inclusive growth and create jobs. This report aims to improve understanding of the potential of the agribusiness sector (primary agriculture plus off-farm agribusiness) to accelerate inclusive recovery from the 2020 recession, create jobs, and reduce poverty. A key early finding of the report is that the agribusiness sector is critical to accelerating inclusive recovery and creating jobs. The report builds on this evidence to identify the specific value chain groups that have most potential to create jobs, reduce poverty, and improve nutrition outcomes. Next, the report offers to highlight the complex set of factors that mediate the performance of agricultural value chains, distinguishing between issues that pertain to upstream primary agriculture, those that affect downstream off-farm agribusiness and cross-cutting challenges. The agribusiness enabling environment takes center stage in this part of the report, focusing on policy reforms around seed regulations, fertilizers quality control, warehouse receipts, and agricultural trade. Finally, the report takes deep dives to identify reforms to increase competitiveness in the value chains that were found to have the most potential to create jobs, reduce poverty, and improve nutrition outcomes.
  • Publication
    Rwanda: Food Smart Country Diagnostic
    (World Bank, Washington, DC, 2020-09-28) World Bank
    The term “food smart” refers to a food system that is efficient, meets the food needs of a country, and is environmentally sustainable. Reducing food loss and waste (FLW) is one of the critical pillars of building a smart food system. This diagnostic focuses on the FLW pillar, from farm to fork to landfill, with the objective of alerting policymakers to the role that addressing food loss and waste can play in meeting their various global and national policy commitments. Across Sub-Saharan Africa, FLW contributes to food insecurity, reduced income to farmers and communities, and greenhouse gas emissions. In Rwanda specifically, a growing population — set to nearly double to 22 million in the next 30 years — will exacerbate the food security challenge. Even today, undernourishment affects 35.6% of Rwanda’s population, and 36.9% of children are stunted.
  • Publication
    Nigeria: Food Smart Country Diagnostic
    (World Bank, Washington, DC, 2020-09-28) World Bank
    This study of Nigeria food loss and waste (FLW) analyzes the potential policy impacts of reducing FLW along the value chain for three strategically selected commodities: maize, tomatoes, and catfish. The study takes into account the differences between food-producing regions of the north (a poor, rural, closed economy challenged by civil conflict) and largely food-consuming regions of the south (an open economy with an increasingly urbanized population). The study found that reducing FLW for all three commodities will allow Nigeria to address key policy priorities, chief among them improving food security. Other priorities include improving rural, low-income farmer welfare; meeting Nigeria’s international commitments to reduce global greenhouse gas emissions produced by food waste; increasing food exports; and reducing food imports while satisfying the nation’s large urbanized population’s shift towards a more diversified diet.
  • Publication
    Sudan Agriculture Value Chain Analysis
    (World Bank, Washington, DC, 2020-06) World Bank
    The new reform-oriented transitional government, formed on August 20, 2019, creates a unique window of opportunity in Sudan to spur economic growth, rebuilding and resilience. The general framework for the program of transitional government adopted in December 2019 sets out ten priorities for the government. One of these priorities is focused on addressing the economic crises and establishing the bases of sustainable development and includes, amongst others developing and promoting productive sectors. The purpose of this study, therefore, is to provide a road map to develop and promote agriculture and livestock sectors as an important part of the government’s priority of addressing the economic crises and establishing the bases of sustainable development.
  • Publication
    Lesotho Climate-Smart Agriculture Investment Plan: Opportunities for Transitioning to More Productive, Climate-Resilient, and Low Carbon Agriculture
    (World Bank, Washington, DC, 2019-12-01) World Bank
    Lesotho's agricultural system faces a growing number of climate-related vulnerabilities with droughts, floods, pests, and extreme temperatures occurring more frequently. In response, the Government of Lesotho is collaborating with the World Bank to integrate climate change into the country’s agriculture policy agenda through the Lesotho Climate-Smart Agriculture Investment Plan (CSAIP).