Other Agriculture Study

313 items available

Permanent URI for this collection

http://hdl.handle.net/10986/2199

Items in this collection

Now showing 1 - 10 of 18

An Exploratory Overview of Agriculture Finance in Indonesia

(World Bank, Washington, DC, 2020-06-19) World Bank

The Government of Indonesia is aiming to diversify the country’s food system by developing and strengthening high-value-added and more nutrient-rich value chains. In this regard, the government is focusing on diversifying into horticulture and small ruminant livestock. Undertaking Value Chain Analysis (VCA) is a critical part of this process as it helps in the identification of constraints and opportunities in relevant sectors. Agriculture funding and finance are vital components of this analytical process. This report presents a preliminary overview of opportunities and constraints as well as areas for future interventions. The analysis is based on a World Bank and FAO scoping mission to Indonesia that took place between March 2 - March 13, 2020. This report focuses on the supply-side of capital. The key findings suggest that supply-side constraints are minimal. The liquidity in Indonesia’s banking system is enough and there already exist extensive physical banking networks within the country. The Indonesian banking networks include a selection of commercial and specialized banks, membership-based groups, and fintech organizations. Also, there exist several large food manufacturers that could potentially aid in the process of financing and the creation of linkages through vertical integration of value chains. The Small and Medium Size Enterprises (SMEs) in the food and agriculture sectors have been growing strongly, and they can act as accelerators and facilitate the process. The Indonesian government is supporting the development of value chains and has been actively promoting the creation of farmer organizations to aid the process. Lastly, there exists a demand for the creation of a blended finance facility that could help amplify the effects of the value chain projects, and the Tropical Landscapes Finance Facility (TLFF) is a proof of such a concept that is working well in Indonesia.
Improving Agricultural Interventions Under the New National Target Programs in Vietnam

(World Bank, Washington, DC, 2020-06-08) World Bank

Vietnam has achieved remarkable economic development over the last few decades, realizing major gains in productivity and output and contributing to national goals related to poverty reduction and economic transformation, including an increase in per capita income. While Vietnam has become a major international player in global food markets, there remains a segment of the rural population that has not benefited much from the country's success in terms of economic growth, particularly the success of the agricultural sector. The main objective of this analytical work is to recommend improvements to some of the agricultural interventions under the new National Target Programs (NTPs). There are significant gaps in agricultural incomes between the regions, and between the poor and non-poor within the region. This suggests that agriculture transformation is yet to be completed, and there are untapped opportunities to further increase agricultural incomes of the poor. This report thus focuses on closing this gap in agriculture, as another pathway for out of poverty. Although this work started when the COVID-19 (Coronavirus) pandemic was not fully pronounced in Vietnam and around the globe, the pandemic has had significant influence on the national economy as well as the performance of the agricultural sector. The implementation of the recommendations highlighted in this report could help strengthen the strategies for post-COVID-19 (Coronavirus) economic recovery.
Agricultural Transformation and Inclusive Growth: The Malaysian Experience

(World Bank, Washington, DC, 2019-11) World Bank Group

The Malaysian story involves a farsighted leadership that has mobilized the considerable assets of a resource-rich country to translate a long-term vision of nation building into action and transformational results. This report analyzes what Malaysia did to achieve transformative results in agriculture. It focuses on four main areas in which the Malaysian experience is distinctive and which have been critical to its success, as follows: (1) The role of the public sector, encompassing national leadership, vision, and government action; (2) The main drivers of transformation and inclusive growth; (3) The role of value chains; (4) The inclusiveness of Malaysia's agricultural transformation.
Cambodian Agriculture in Transition: Opportunities and Risks

(World Bank, Washington, DC, 2015-05-19) World Bank Group

This report seeks to understand the successes, challenges and opportunities of Cambodia’s agricultural transformation over the past decade to derive lessons and insights on how to maintain future agricultural growth, and particularly on the government’s role in facilitating it. It is prepared per the request of the Supreme National Economic Council and the Ministry of Agriculture Forestry and Fisheries and is based on the primary farm data surveys from 2005 and 2013, and the secondary data from various sources. In 2013-2014, the agricultural growth slowed down to 1 percent from its average of 5.3 percent over 2004-2012. Is the country in transition to a slower agricultural growth? Cambodia can ill afford it because agricultural growth will be critical to continued poverty reduction in the country, given its large size in the economy. Market and private investment friendly policies and targeted public sector investments in irrigation, extension, and other ‘public good’ agricultural services, as feasible within the government’s total budget, can help secure continued robust agricultural growth. The remaining report is organized as follows. Chapter two presents key facts about Cambodia’s recent agricultural development using data from national accounts and various reports. Chapter three provides evidence from the field that explains the changes observed in the national accounts. Chapter four illustrates developments in farming systems, farm budgets, and farm incomes compared to nonfarm incomes. Chapter five presents a farm competitiveness analysis. Chapter six discusses the sources of past growth and their limitations and presents an analysis of (likely) future sources of agricultural growth. Chapter seven presents a long-term vision for the sector, while chapter eight simulates policies and the changes in farm incomes needed to realize this vision. Chapter nine discusses the policy agenda, with implementation details based on national and global experiences. Chapter ten concludes with a summary of the report and policy recommendations. Annexes present the methodology of the 2013 farm survey, detailed farm budgets by crop, projections of selected indicators, and results of the policy simulations.
Mongolia Agricultural Sector Risk Assessment

(World Bank, Washington, DC, 2015-03) World Bank Group

The magnitude of risks facing Mongolian agriculture has made the sector’s development extraordinarily volatile over the last 25 years as it underwent decollectivization. Livestock in particular has seen rapid and largely unsustainable rates of growth in terms of numbers of animals and herders, and in so doing has become acutely vulnerable to the severe winter weather events known as dzuds. Periodic droughts and other production risks have also affected the country’s much smaller crop agriculture, much of which is geared for the production of feeds. And price volatility poses serious systemic risks which affect large proportions of the rural population. This study was undertaken to assess the systemic risks facing Mongolian agriculture and to identify gaps in current risk management practices within the sector.
Mongolia Agricultural Productivity and Marketing

(World Bank, Washington, DC, 2015-02-18) Rasmussen, Debra ; Annor-Frempong, Charles

Mongolia’s ongoing economic transition generates levels of uncertainty that often inhibit investments in productivity and marketing improvements on the part of producers and processors. This study was undertaken to identify gaps in policies, laws, regulations, and practices from production to the consumer end point, and to stimulate discussions about how to leverage the agriculture sector’s potential contributions to national development objectives.
Support for Agricultural Restructuring Project : The Financial and Economic Competitiveness of Rice and Selected Feed Crops in Northern and Southern Vietnam

(Washington, DC, 2013-01) World Bank

One area of weakness in current agricultural policy work in Vietnam is the lack of a clear understanding of both the private profitability of farmers for different crop activities and the social profitability of such activities. Agricultural performance is thus gauged in physical terms (i.e. yields and the volume of aggregate output) rather than in financial or economic terms. This has hampered efforts to compare and contrast the impacts and effectiveness of alternative policy and program measures. Comparative metrics for different crops and farm management systems have been lacking. The main objectives of this paper are: (i) to describe the Policy Analysis Matrix (PAM) methodology and how to interpret key financial and economic indicators; (ii) to document the underlying assumptions used for the analysis; and (iii) to provide a summary and brief interpretation of the main quantitative results and outcome of selected sensitivity tests. As a step towards improved sector planning, this paper utilizes the PAM to analyze various farm management systems for rice, maize, and cassava in different parts of Vietnam. Tradeoffs are involved in all production decisions and the PAM provides a systematic way of comparing the private and underlying social costs and returns from different agriculture enterprises together with the effects of government policy. The paper is presented in following five sections: section one is introduction; section two describes the methodology and main assumptions used for the analysis; section three presents the main quantitative results for different kinds of rice grown for export in An Giang province in the Mekong delta of southern Vietnam and for domestic rice and alternative stock feed crops grown in northern Vietnam; section four presents the results of various sensitivity tests that looked at the impact of changes in crop yields, commodity prices, fertilizer costs, and labor costs; and section five concludes with a summary of key findings and policy recommendations.
Mongolia : Improving Feed and Fodder Supply for Dzud Management

(World Bank, Washington, DC, 2011-06) Rasmussen, Deborah ; Dorlig, Shombodon

The paper reports on improving feed and fodder supply for the dzud management in Mongolia study, and aims to identify policy options that could improve the effectiveness and efficiency of dzud emergency management and response. It includes an assessment of the appropriate roles for the private and public sectors, identification of issues, and capacity building requirements. The study will support a policy dialogue and could provide the foundation for a longer-term pilot project in feed and fodder production, storage, and distribution, as part a coherent and effective emergency strategy.
Understanding Resilience in Mongolian Pastoral Social-ecological Systems : Adapting to Disaster Before, During and After 2010 Dzud--Year 1 Report

(World Bank, Washington, DC, 2011-05-31) Fernandez-Gimenez, Maria ; Batjav, Batbuyan ; Baival, Batkhishig

This study reports on in-depth case studies of dzud (extreme cold weather during winter, subsequent to a very dry summer) impacts and responses. Focus groups, key informant interviews, a household survey, and photovoice, were used to document individual and community experiences with dzud, and identify the factors that make some households and communities more vulnerable, and some less vulnerable, to the impacts of dzud, and the strategies that were most effective in responding to dzud. It was found that dzud is a complex, social-ecological phenomenon, and vulnerability to dzud is a function of interacting physical, biological, socio-economic, and institutional factors. Vulnerability is affected by both local and cross-scale factors. Actions that are adaptive and reduce vulnerability for one group at one spatial or temporal scale, may be mal-adaptive and increase vulnerability for another group, or at a different scale. Communities that are well prepared for dzud at the household level may suffer disproportionate losses if exposure is increased by in-migrating livestock from other areas. The lessons of dzud for actors at all levels of social organization, point to the need for increased responsibility and leadership by individual actors, be they households, herder groups, or local governments, as well as the critical importance to all actors (including donor and aid organizations) of reaching out, communicating and cooperating with others within and across sectors and scales.
Exploring Options to Institutionalize the Dzud Disaster Response Product in Mongolia

(World Bank, Washington, DC, 2011-04) Lailan, Tungalag

This study aims to provide the guiding principles to the government of Mongolia (GOM) towards creating comprehensive ex-ante risk management strategy based on the assessment of the pros and cons of historical approach of livestock risk management as well as best practices around the world. For instance, it proposes an option for the National Disaster Indemnification Program (NDIP) that acts as a state insurance enterprise and provides social insurance protection to herders against extreme dzud disaster events. The report concludes that by introducing NDIP, the GOM would have an opportunity to introduce the social safety net product, publicly provided and financed, to respond quickly to herders most affected by extremely high levels of livestock losses following major dzud event.The NDIP would assist the Government of Mongolia and international donors to structure and distribute dzud related disaster financing in a systematic, timely and transparent manner, while keeping high covariate risks manageable.