Korean PDFs Available

6 items available

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https://hdl.handle.net/10986/31459

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Strengthening Cybersecurity and Resilience of Critical Infrastructure - Insights from the Republic of Korea and Other Digital Nations
(Washington, DC: World Bank, 2024-06-27) World Bank
Starting in the late 1990s, digitally advanced countries began developing comprehensive strategies and implementing vital regulations to safeguard national infrastructure against the perpetual escalation of malicious cyber operations. This policy note analyzes various strategies for the expansion of critical infrastructure protection (CIP) policies in developed digital nations, including the Republic of Korea, Singapore, the United States, Germany, and Japan. These countries were chosen among those that have enacted legislation on CIP or established and implemented relevant strategies since the early 2000s whose experience can provide valuable lessons for countries embarking on establishing a policy framework for CIP or exploring different options to that end. Korea, in particular, has chosen to gradually elevate the agenda of CIP to the core of its cybersecurity policies. Such an incremental approach can ease the entry barriers for developing countries that are at relatively early stages of policy development. There is broad consensus that there is no universal framework, much less an ideal one, for CIP regulations, as each nation has pursued a unique approach. This report identifies three characteristics of the policies pursued by these nations: Establishment of legal frameworks to systematically identify threats and uphold the minimum security standard of CI operators; implementation of subsequent additional protective measures and supplementary policies. Government-led incorporation of resilience into the policy frameworks of the CIP. Active leveraging of the expertise of the private sector and encourage voluntary participation via public-private partnerships (PPPs).
Integrity Compliance Programs for SMEs: Practical Guidance and Resources
(Ministry of Justice, Republic of Korea, 2024-03-11) Ministry of Justice, Republic of Korea; World Bank
Small and medium-sized enterprises, or “SMEs,” play a major role in global economic development. This Guide aims to provide SMEs with a useful framework for developing effective Integrity Compliance Programs, or “ICPs,” tailored to their own business models, budgets, and risk profiles. It distills prevailing best practices and guidelines from leading national and international institutions. Many SMEs worldwide have collaborated with the World Bank Integrity Compliance Office, or “ICO,” to develop creative strategies for devising and implementing ICPs, mitigating the risk of misconduct in their operations, and even more broadly, among their business networks. This Guide describes some of these strategies. It is hoped that this Guide, which explains certain core principles, internal controls, and essential elements of ICPs, will be of real, practical value for SMEs seeking to build a culture of integrity in their businesses and communities.
Enabling Data-Driven Innovation: Learning from Korea’s Data Policies and Practices for Harnessing AI
(Washington, DC: World Bank, 2024-01-22) World Bank
Over the past few decades, the Republic of Korea has consciously undertaken initiatives to transform its economy into a competitive, data-driven system. The primary objectives of this transition were to stimulate economic growth and job creation, enhance the nation’s capacity to withstand adversities such as the aftermath of COVID-19, and position it favorably to capitalize on emerging technologies, particularly artificial intelligence (AI). The Korean government has endeavored to accomplish these objectives through establishing a dependable digital data infrastructure and a comprehensive set of national data policies. This policy note aims to present a comprehensive synopsis of Korea’s extensive efforts to establish a robust digital data infrastructure and utilize data as a key driver for innovation and economic growth. The note additionally addresses the fundamental elements required to realize these benefits of data, including data policies, data governance, and data infrastructure. Furthermore, the note highlights some key results of Korea’s data policies, including the expansion of public data opening, the development of big data platforms, and the growth of the AI Hub. It also mentions the characteristics and success factors of Korea’s data policy, such as government support and the reorganization of institutional infrastructures. However, it acknowledges that there are still challenges to overcome, such as in data collection and utilization as well as transitioning from a government-led to a market-friendly data policy. The note concludes by providing developing countries and emerging economies with specific insights derived from Korea’s forward-thinking policy making that can assist them in harnessing the potential and benefits of data.
The Initial Ten-Year Journey: Impact Assessment of Seoul Center Korea Trust Fund
(Washington, DC: World Bank, 2023-06-21) World Bank
The overarching objective of the Seoul Center for Finance and Innovation partnership was to improve and develop financial and private sectors in the East Asia and Pacific (EAP) region by delivering better technical assistance and advisory services to EAP countries. To achieve this objective, the Seoul Center provides grants to provide demand-driven, priority technical assistance and support capacity-building needs in EAP client countries. Since 2012, a total of 32 KTF grants have been allocated to 10 EAP countries and 2 regions (EAP and Global) in three phases. This limited scope impact assessment was undertaken on behalf of the Finance, Competitiveness, and Innovation Seoul Center Korean Trust Fund (KTF) in accord with an agreed term of reference. The purpose of this assignment is to carry out an independent impact assessment of select East Asia Pacific (EAP) country-level technical assistance and advisory grant funded projects completed over ten years from 2012 through 2022. The assessment of results realized focused on fifteen country-level TA and advisory KTF grant funded activities concluded by end-2022.
Difference Maker: A Story of the Seoul Center Korea Trust Fund Impact in the East Asia and Pacific Region
(Washington, DC: World Bank, 2023-06-20) World Bank
The Republic of Korea’s astonishing economic development commenced shortly after the end of the Korean war. Today, Korea is the world’s tenth largest economy based on gross domestic product, a key development partner of the World Bank Group, an important contributor to the International Development Association, the fund established to support the world’s poorest countries, and a unique international donor. Over the past decade, the East Asia and Pacific region has experienced significant economic growth and development. This has been especially evident in the financial sector. Nevertheless, many challenges remain. Risks such as excessive credit growth, asset bubbles, high levels of household and corporate debt have emerged, increasing the vulnerability of the financial sector to shocks. Consequently, ensuring the stability and resilience of the financial sector is crucial for sustainable economic development in the region. When it comes to financial inclusion, despite the good progress made in many developing countries in the region, there are still significant gaps across the region. A large portion of the population in some countries in the region especially in rural areas and among vulnerable groups, still lack access to formal financial services such as savings account and payment systems. This hampers their ability to save, invest and participate in the formal economy, limiting their economic opportunities and potential growth. Against this backdrop, with the support of the Korea Trust Fund, the World Bank has made a significant impact in enhancing the financial sector in the East Asia and Pacific region. These selected stories speak to the positive impact that the Seoul Center’s partnership with the Ministry of Economy and Finance has had within the recipient countries. The booklet presents these in detail.
Monitoring and Evaluation: Some Tools, Methods, and Approaches
(World Bank, Washington, DC, 2004-09-01) Operations Evaluation Department
Monitoring and evaluation (M&E) of development activities provides government officials, development managers, and civil society with better means for learning from past experience, improving service delivery, planning and allocating resources, and demonstrating results as part of accountability to key stakeholders. Within the development community there is a strong focus on results, this helps explain the growing interest in M&E. Yet there is often confusion about what M&E entails. The purpose of this M&E overview is to strengthen awareness and interest in M&E, and to clarify what it entails. The M&E overview discusses: performance indicators, the logical framework approach, theory-based evaluation, formal surveys, rapid appraisal methods, participatory methods, public expenditure tracking surveys, cost-benefit and cost-effectiveness analysis, and impact evaluation.