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Publication Research for Innovation in Health Systems - Improving the Management of Health Care Services for Patients with Multiple Chronic Conditions in Three Latin American Countries: Brazil, Colombia and Uruguay - Key Messages(Washington, DC: World Bank, 2024-06-24) World BankThe accelerated aging of the Brazilian population, alongside the gradual increase in the concomitant occurrence of multiple chronic diseases in the same individual, brings important challenges to the Brazilian National Health System (SUS). n Colombia, during 2012 - 2016, multimorbidity had a prevalence of 19.5 percent for all ages, according to data from the study carried out by the World Bank and the Ministry of Health and Social Protection. The investigation also showed an increase in the use and cost of health services associated with older age and the complexity of multimorbidity, in an aging population that shifts its epidemiological profile towards chronic diseases. The expenditure with patients with multimorbidity in Uruguay is high. Persons with five or more of diseases (Cardiovascular Disease, High Blood Pressure, Diabetes, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Degenerative Neurological Disease) represent 8.44 percent of the total patient population, but their care accounts for 42.07 percent of the total expenditure, and 50.48 percent of the expenditure on medications.Publication Multimorbidity: A Panorama of Brazil(Washington, DC: World Bank, 2024-06-20) World BankThe demographic transition accompanied by the epidemiological transition, evidenced by the change in the health profile of the Brazilian population, brings important challenges to the Unified Health System. The accelerated aging of the population further accentuates the effects of the triple burden of diseases, placing society as a all in the face of this new reality. Important changes are underway, both economic and social. The Coronavirus pandemic has made this context even more complex, increasing inequalities, including in health, further impacting health services, which were excessively demanded in these three years, initially due to the global health challenge that found Brazil one of its most fertile grounds, and, subsequently, by the consequences left by the inevitable prioritization of the emerging disease, which led services to leave aside much of the care for chronic patients. Considering the gradual increase in the concomitant occurrence of multiple chronic diseases affecting the same individual, whether over the last few decades or throughout the citizen’s life, the current situation of multimorbidity deserves, at the very least, the attention of health authorities. This report characterizes multimorbidity in the country, presenting two examples of chronic disease management, one from the public sector and the other from the private sector.