Global Monitoring Report
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Global Monitoring Report series was discontinued in 2016. Prepared jointly by the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund, the Global Monitoring Report annual series provided an assessment of progress and priorities in the global development agenda, with a focus on the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). This corporate flagship underwent extensive internal and external review.
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Publication
Global Monitoring Report 2015/2016: Development Goals in an Era of Demographic Change
(Washington, DC: World Bank, 2016)The Global Monitoring Report 2015/2016, produced by the World Bank Group in partnership with the International Monetary Fund, comes at an inflection point in both the setting of global development goals and the demographic trends affecting those goals. This year marks the end of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) and the launching of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), while the World Bank Group has in parallel articulated the twin goals of sustainably ending extreme poverty and sharing prosperity. This report presents the latest global poverty numbers, based on the 2011 purchasing power parity (PPP) data, and examines the pace of development progress through the lens of the evolving global development goals. The special theme of this year’s report examines the complex interaction between demographic change and development. With the number of children approaching a global ceiling of two billion, the world’s population is growing slower. It is also aging faster, with the share of people of working age starting a decline in 2013. But the direction and pace of these trends vary starkly across countries, with sizeable demographic disparities between centers of global poverty (marked by high fertility) and drivers of global growth (marked by rapid aging). These demographic disparities are expected to deeply affect the pursuit of the post-2015 agenda, accentuating existing challenges and creating new opportunities. -
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Global Monitoring Report 2013 : Rural-Urban Dynamics and the Millennium Development Goals
(Washington, DC: World Bank, 2013-05-02)The Global Monitoring Report 2013: Rural-Urban Dynamics and the Millennium Development Goals examines rural-urban disparities in the achievement of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) and how urbanization, if managed well, can contribute to the attainment of these goals. The report provides information about the differences in progress toward the MDGs across geographical areas and recognizes that urban populations are better off than their rural brethren. However, unfettered urbanization can cause migrants and the urban poor to end up in slums where attainment of the MDGs lags. GMR 2013 calls for an integrated strategy to better manage the planning-connecting-financing formula of urbanization. Notwithstanding the importance of urbanization in poverty reduction and MDG attainment, rural areas remain a huge challenge—one that underscores the importance of policies that can improve rural livelihoods. The rural-urban spectrum ranges from small towns to large cities. The general experience is that poverty is lowest in the largest cities and considerably higher in smaller towns. The MDGs reflect the basic needs of all citizens, and governments should aim to meet them fully in both urban and rural areas. However, resources are scarce, so priorities must be set and trade-offs made. The report argues that the sequencing of actions be tailored to local conditions when it comes to the degree of urbanization and rural-urban differences in MDG outcomes. The world has met four global MDG targets. New estimates confirm the 2012 reports that MDG 1.a—reducing the $1.25-a-day poverty rate (2005 purchasing power parity)—was reached in 2010, falling below half of its 1990 value. The world also met part of MDG 7.c—to halve the proportion of people without safe access to drinking water—in 2010. MDG 7.d—to improve significantly the lives of at least 100 million slum dwellers by 2020—was also achieved. Finally, the first part of MDG 3.a—to eliminate gender disparity in primary education— was accomplished in 2010. Global progress on the full MDG 3.a (to eliminate gender disparity in primary and secondary education) is close to being on track. Global Monitoring Report 2013 was prepared jointly by the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund, with consultations and collaborations with regional development banks and other multilateral partners. -
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Global Monitoring Report 2012 : Food Prices, Nutrition, and the Millennium Development Goals
(Washington, DC: World Bank, 2012-04-18)Every year, the Global Monitoring Report (GMR) gauges progress across the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), so we can better understand whether we are delivering on basic global needs. These needs include affordable, nutritious food; access to health services and education; and the ability to tap natural resources sustainably whether clean water, land for urban expansion, or renewable energy sources. We assess how well the world is doing by looking at income poverty, schooling levels, the health of mothers and children, and inroads in treating HIV/AIDS, malaria, and tuberculosis, as well as assessing how the international development community delivers aid. We also try to measure levels of malnutrition and hunger in the world. Food prices can affect all these indicators. For these reasons, the Global Monitoring Report 2012 takes the theme of 'food prices, nutrition, and the MDG.' This year's edition highlights the need to help developing countries deal with the harmful effects of higher and more volatile food prices. The 2012 GMR addresses these basic questions. It summarizes effects of food prices on several MDGs. It reviews policy responses including domestic social safety nets, nutritional programs, agricultural policies, regional trade policies, and support by the international community. And it outlines future prospects. -
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Global Monitoring Report 2011 : Improving the Odds of Achieving the MDGs
(World Bank, 2011-04-14)This report has been prepared jointly by the staffs of the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund (IMF). This year we are facing historic development challenges from natural disasters, to food and fuel price spikes, and profound change in the Middle East. Despite high beverage growth in the developing world, it is crucial to provide opportunities to those that are being left behind. Wealthier economies are experiencing slower growth but development assistance needs remain high. In our interconnected world, sustainable recovery means supporting inclusive growth. Only four years remain until the 2015 deadline for reaching the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). The global monitoring report 2011: improving the odds of achieving the MDGs heterogeneity, gaps, and challenges underlines the urgency of helping countries that are behind on meeting key targets for extreme poverty, hunger, disease, and child and maternal mortality. The report lays out the challenges that remain; analyzes efforts to improve human development; and assesses the role of growth, policy reforms, trade, and donor policies in meeting the MDGs. The findings from this year's report offer reason for both hope and concern. The MDGs were designed to provide a framework for the entire international community to work together toward a common end: making sure that human development reaches everyone, everywhere. If these goals are achieved, billions more people will have the opportunity to benefit from the global economy. -
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Global Monitoring Report 2010 : The MDGs after the Crisis
(World Bank, 2010)What is the human cost of the global economic crisis? How many people will the crisis prevent from escaping poverty, and how many will remain hungry? How many more infants will die? Are children being pulled out of schools, not getting the education they need to become more productive adults and making it virtually impossible to reach 100 percent completion in primary education by 2015? What are the gender dimensions of the impacts? These are some of the questions as the global economy comes out of the worst recession since the great depression. The questions do not have immediate answers, partly because the data to assess development outcomes are incomplete and collected infrequently but also because impacts can take several years to emerge. For example, deteriorating health and nutrition today could lead to higher mortality rates in subsequent years. Lower investments will hamper future progress in sanitation and water supply. Fewer children in school will lower completion rates in later years. And household incomes that fall far below the poverty line will delay escapes from poverty. This report uses indirect evidence to assess the impact of the crisis on several indicators, including the number of people who will not escape poverty, the increase in infant mortality, the number of children who will be denied education, and the increase in discrimination against women. Based on that assessment, the report identifies key policies necessary for the developing countries, donors, and the international financial institutions (IFIs) to reestablish progress toward the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). -
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Global Monitoring Report 2009 : A Development Emergency
(World Bank, 2009)The global financial crisis, the most severe since the great depression, is rapidly turning into a human and development crisis. The financial crisis originated in the developed world, but it has spread quickly and inexorably to the developing world, sparing no country. Increasingly it appears that this will not be a short-lived crisis. The poor countries are especially vulnerable, as they lack the resources to respond with ameliorative actions. The crisis poses serious threats to their hard- won gains in boosting economic growth and achieving progress toward the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). Poor people typically are the hardest hit, and have the least cushion. For millions of them, the crisis puts at risk their very survival. At high- level meetings held in 2008 to mark the MDG halfway point, world leaders expressed grave concern that the world was falling behind most of the MDGs, with the shortfalls especially serious in human development, and issued an MDG call to action to step up development efforts. The U.K. prime minister spoke of a 'global poverty emergency.' These concerns were expressed before the onset of the full-blown global financial crisis. If there was development emergency then, there surely is one now. The financial crisis threatens serious further setbacks and greatly increases the urgency for action. -
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Global Monitoring Report 2008 : MDGs and the Environment, Agenda for Inclusive and Sustainable Development
(Washington, DC : World Bank, 2008)The global monitoring report 2008 comes at an important time. This year marks the halfway point in the effort to achieve the millennium development goals (MDGs) by 2015. This is also an important year to work toward a consensus on how the world is going to respond to the challenge of climate change, building on the foundation laid at the conference in Bali in December 2007. Successfully meeting this challenge will be essential for durable progress toward the MDGs and related development outcomes. In providing an integrated assessment of the agenda for development and environmental sustainability, this year's report offers timely input on issues that will be at the center of discussions at various international forums in coming months. The report's assessment of the MDGs at midpoint presents a mixed picture. The first MDG calls for reducing extreme poverty and hunger by half. Although the poverty goal is likely to be met at the global level, thanks to a remarkable surge in global economic growth over the past decade, there are serious shortfalls in fighting hunger and malnutrition, the "forgotten MDG." High food and energy prices have brought increased attention to these issues, but more is needed. Reducing malnutrition is the MDG with a "multiplier" effect, because it is essential to success on a number of other MDGs which are unlikely to be met, including maternal health, infant mortality, and education. -
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Global Monitoring Report 2007 : Millennium Development Goals, Confronting the Challenges of Gender Equality and Fragile States
(Washington, DC: World Bank, 2007)Broad-based global economic growth in 2006, and more generally since 2000, provides grounds for optimism about progress in advancing the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). The 2007 Global Monitoring Report (GMR) takes stock of this progress and assesses the contributions of developing countries, donor nations, and the international financial institutions toward meeting commitments under the 2002 Monterrey consensus. This fourth annual GMR finds both areas of progress and gaps where far greater effort is required. The GMR highlights two areas that require greater international attention: gender equality and fragile states. Risks from failure to advance multilateral trade liberalization and expand market access are also highlighted. To address these risks and advance the MDG agenda there is a pressing need for better aid coordination to strengthen aid quality and scale-up assistance. -
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Global Monitoring Report 2006 : Millennium Development Goals - Strengthening Mutual Accountability, Aid, Trade, and Governance
(Washington, DC: World Bank, 2006)One decade remains to meet the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) that the international community set out in 2000. Yet the world is still far from achieving the MDGs. This Global Monitoring Report (GMR) reviews the efforts under way to strengthen mutual accountability. Greater resource flows to developing countries must go hand in hand with measures to make aid work more effectively. One key element is improving governance, both in developing countries and globally, to strengthen accountability for resource use and for development outcomes. Measuring and monitoring governance, in support of greater accountability and better MDG outcomes, is the primary focus of this report. Monitoring governance can help to clarify options for scaling up assistance and can support broader efforts to strengthen transparency and accountability, both nationally and globally. The report highlights six key actions to accelerate progress toward the MDGs and strengthen mutual accountability: Favorable growth has helped reduce poverty, but more even and accelerated progress requires strengthening of infrastructure and national investment climates. Recent progress in human development outcomes points to the need for more flexible aid, better coordination, and improved governance. Major aid and debt relief commitments were made in 2005, but vigilant monitoring is needed to guard against risks to their effective implementation. Trade reform needs new life. The focus of the international financial institutions (IFIs) must shift from managing inputs to achieving real results on the ground, but this poses major challenges to both the IFIs and developing countries. Governance should be regularly monitored to help track progress, generate greater accountability, and build demand for further progress. The international community must support efforts to strengthen governance systems through ratification and support for global checks and balances. -
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Global Monitoring Report 2005 : Millennium Development Goals— From Consensus to Momentum
(Washington, DC: World Bank, 2005)The Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) and the Monterrey Consensus have created a powerful global compact for development. But the continued credibility of this compact hinges on fostering momentum in its implementation. With the five-year stocktaking of the implementation of the Millennium Declaration focusing increased global attention on development, 2005 is a crucial year to build momentum. The MDGs set clear targets for eradicating poverty and related human deprivations, and for promoting sustainable development. The Monterrey Consensus created a framework of mutual accountability between developing, and developed countries in the quest for these goals, calling on developing countries to improve their policies and governance, and, developed countries to open their markets and provide more and better aid. With consensus on the goals and responsibilities for action, the focus was on implementation. As reviewed in this report, both groups of countries have made progress on needed policies and actions, including in the past year. But progress has been uneven and slower than envisaged. The pace must pick up if the vision of the Millennium Declaration is to be realized-hence the title of this report. Based on its analysis, the report proposes a five-point agenda to accelerate progress toward the development goals. Within its global coverage, this year's Global Monitoring Report has a special focus on Sub-Saharan Africa-the region that is farthest from the development goals and faces the toughest challenges in accelerating progress. But much of the analysis of Sub-Saharan countries is relevant to similar countries in other regions.