Agricultural and Rural Development Notes
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This series on commodity risk management aims to disseminate the results of World Bank research that describes the feasibility of developing countries’ ability to utilize market-based tools to mitigate risks associated with commodity price volatility and weather.
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Publication Valuing Ecosystem Services in Zimbabwe(Washington, DC: World Bank, 2023-07-31) World BankValuing ecosystem services—the benefits humans obtain from earth’s many life-support systems—is an important step in devising interventions to achieve sustainable livelihoods and climate resilience. The services provided by healthy ecosystems are essential for supporting life. Their loss would have a disproportionately large impact on developing nations. This note highlights the evidence for the development of a scaled-up, integrated biodiversity and sustainable production landscapes investment project for Zimbabwe.Publication Realigning Agricultural Support to Promote Climate-Smart Agriculture(World Bank, Washington, DC, 2018-11) World Bank GroupThis note, prepared by the World Bank Food and Agriculture Global Practice ahead of the 24th Conference of the Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change examines the case for realigning agriculture support to promote climate-smart agriculture. From 2015 to 2017, the group of 51 countries analyzed provided approximately 570 billion US dollars annually in public support for agricultural producers, according to the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). Distortionary agricultural subsidies often result in large negative impacts, worsening rather than improving climate outcomes. Significant opportunities exist to realign public support to deliver public-good outcomes and, in particular, promote climate-smart agriculture (CSA).Publication Indicators for Assessing Policy and Institutional Frameworks for Climate Smart Agriculture(World Bank, Washington, DC, 2017-09) Braimoh, Ademola; Rawlins, Maurice; Zhao, Yuxuan; Loundu, WisambiAgriculture accounts for 40 percent of the land area and 70 percent of the freshwaterresources that humans use, and 24 percent of human-induced greenhouse gas (GHG)emissions. The scale of global emissions from agriculture and land-use change is increasingdue to population growth, growing consumption of meat and dairy products,and the rising use of nitrogen fertilizers,1 among other factors. Projections indicatethat emissions from human activities other than agriculture and land-use change couldincrease from 54 gigatons (Gt) of carbon dioxide equivalent (CO2-eq) to roughly 70 GtCO2-eq by 2050. To avoid dangerous global warming in which the global temperaturerises above 2 degree Celsius relative to preindustrial eras, global GHG emissions by2050 need to fall to roughly 21–22 Gt CO2-eq. Under business-as-usual practices,agriculture would contribute roughly 70 percent of these total emissions by midcentury.This implies that agriculture will need to cut its current emissions by two-thirdswhile simultaneously increasing food production.