Other Public Sector Study
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Publication
Outsourcing Social Services to CSOs : Lessons from Abroad
(World Bank, 2009-06-01)This study aims to provide the Ministry of Civil Affairs (MoCA) of the People's Republic of China an overview of international experience with the use of direct and indirect, consumer and producer side instruments for engaging civil society organizations in the delivery of government-financed social and human services. The discussion in the report falls into three major parts. Part one offers an overview of the scale of the civil society sector globally and of the extent and patterns of government support for it. Against this backdrop, part two then examines in more detail the experience of particular countries with government-nonprofit cooperation with respect to outsourcing social services. Finally, based on these experiences, the final part offers some suggestions for the Government of China as it seeks to fashion a workable relationship with the emerging Chinese civil society organization (CSO) sector. -
Publication
China : Public Services for Building the New Socialist Countryside
(Washington, DC, 2007-12)This report aims to assist the central government to design a strategy for improving public service delivery in rural areas, with a pilot to fast-track implementation of specific aspects of this strategy. In assessing current public service delivery in rural China, the report adopts a methodological framework that focuses on the accountability relationships among the four key stakeholders: the central government, local governments, service providers, and rural citizens. The report has analyzed the role of the four key stakeholders in the delivery of public services in rural areas, the accountability relationships among them, and how the central government guides these roles and accountability relationships. The report concluded that the system of providing rural public services is in a process of transition and that recent efforts have brought substantial improvements, with many benefits already tangible. It added that the government's continuing focus on strengthening rural public services is well justified and that an additional challenge is that the demands for public services in rural areas are changing rapidly. Moreover, the government faces many opportunities but also substantial challenges to further strengthen the system of public service delivery. -
Publication
Policy Study on Electricity Universal Service in China
(Washington, DC, 2006-12)This policy study on universal access to electric power (universal service) in China is based on research conducted by the China Electricity Regulatory Commission in 2006. China's policy on universal service has three facets: First, availability, that is, power service shall be available to all users; second, non-discrimination, that is, equal treatment shall be granted to all users; and third, affordability, that is, a majority of the users can afford the service. Households across China were surveyed, with emphasis on six major metropolitan regions. A comparative study was made of the Chinese postal and telecommunications services, comparing the problems faced by them with the problems of universal access to electric power. The report also compares China's policies on universal service with those of other nations. -
Publication
China Land Policy Reform for Sustainable Economic and Social Development : An Integrated Framework for Action
(Washington, DC, 2005-12)China has undergone a profound economic and social transformation as it moves from a centrally-planned to a market-oriented economy. Land issues are implicated in this ongoing transformation in numerous important ways - as key factors in China's quest for economic growth, national food security and social stability; as important influences in the rapid growth of China's cities as well as the future of its agriculture; and as central features in local government finance and in the growth and stability of the financial and banking sector. It is clear that decisions concerning land - how it is allocated, how it is used, how it is governed, how it is administered and how it is financed - will play a central role in determining the shape and trajectory of China's economic and social future. The purpose of this report is to present in a synthesised fashion the main lessons that have emerged so far from the World Bank collaboration, and on that basis to suggest concrete proposals for moving forward, in the short, medium and long term. In addition, land policy reforms have sought to put in place mechanisms, incentives and sanctions that will stimulate more rational allocation of land between competing land uses. Receiving particular attention from the central government in this respect has been the problem of accelerating conversion of agricultural land to urban uses.