Other Public Sector Study

314 items available

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http://hdl.handle.net/10986/2206

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Federated Ecosystems for Digital ID: Current Approaches and Lessons

(Washington, DC: World Bank, 2022) World Bank

The focus of this paper is on federations that provide digital ID credentials and services recognized by governments for official purposes, in other words, accessing government services, and may also be accepted or required for certain services in the private sector that require higher levels of assurance—for example, the opening of a bank account. Other forms of digital ID and federation provided and used only by private sector entities—such as using Facebook, Amazon, or Google accounts to log-in to other websites or services on the internet via federation protocols—are not considered here.
Brazil : The SOL-ution for Smart Community Procurement: Simple, Efficient, and Transparent Government Systems

(Washington, DC : World Bank, 2022) World Bank

SOL is the Portuguese acronym for Online Bidding Solution (Solução Online de Licitação). SOL is a GovTech solution for community-level procurements carried out under community-driven development (CDD) projects, and it addresses the procurement challenges that the communities usually face. Piloting SOL in selected projects in Brazil showed the app’s potential to increase the efficiency, transparency, and governance of the procurement process. The app facilitates the connection between community associations and their suppliers and automates the full procurement process. In addition, as all procurement data is generated and safely stored in the app, the app enhances the audit capacity of governments and the World Bank. Given the many positive results, SOL is to be upgraded with new features and translated into other languages to facilitate scale-up and use by other countries, including in Latin America and the Caribbean.
Strategic Communications for Identification Systems: Guidance Note

(Washington, DC: World Bank, 2022) World Bank

This guidance note unpacks how strategic communications can enhance the design, implementation, and delivery of identification (ID) systems that are inclusive and trusted. When leveraged holistically, strategic communications can help governments engage effectively with relevant actors throughout the lifecycle of an ID system, including stakeholders on the supply side of ID administration, such as government and private sector implementing entities, and those on the demand side, namely the people that an ID system is intended to serve. Effective communication with relevant actors sows the seeds for public awareness about an ID system, which ultimately helps boost engagement through increased access, both of which are fundamental to achieving the United Nations Sustainable Development Target 16.9 on the provision of legal identity for all. This note builds on best practices for communications outlined in the ID4D Practitioner’s Guide to offer governments and ID system practitioners a more in-depth perspective on how to craft an effective strategy and implementation framework. In doing so, the guide highlights essential components for a communications strategy; spotlights cross-country campaigns specific to ID systems and beyond to demonstrate the breadth of potential approaches; and provides practical tools, such as terms of references and a measurement framework, that can support practitioners as they transform ideas into action.
Public Sector Employment and Compensation: An Assessment Framework

(World Bank, Washington, DC, 2021-12-21) World Bank

This paper aims to provide a framework for conducting public sector employment and compensation assessments that can help develop evidence-based reforms. Such a framework is necessary given growing debt distress and the need for greater expenditure efficiency in many of the World Bank’s client countries, and also due to the urgency for addressing global challenges like pandemics, climate change, building human capital, and reducing inequality, all of which require a strong role for the public sector.
Ethics and Corruption in the Federal Public Service: Civil Servants' Perspectives

(World Bank, Washington, DC, 2021-12-09) World Bank

This Survey on Ethics and Corruption in the Federal Public Service was held online from April 28 to May 28, 2021, in partnership with the Office of the Federal Comptroller General (CGU), the Ministry of the Economy, and the National School of Public Administration (ENAP). All civil servants were represented in the sample, totaling 22,130 respondents. The sample covered all federative units and ministries. Most civil servants report having witnessed some sort of unethical practice during their time in the public sector. Of all respondents, 58.7 percent stated that they witnessed some unethical practice during their career in public service. The most frequent practices were using one's position to help friends or family and bending the rules under pressure from one’s superiors. Over the past three years, around one third of all civil servants (33.4 percent) witnessed some unethical practice, according to their reports. Corruption in the public service is multifaceted, thus requiring granular information about its nature, prevalence, and vulnerable actors. In view of its scope, thematic scope, and representativeness, the data generated by the study could become a valuable source for the development of knowledge about corruption in the federal public service. We hope that this Survey on Ethics and Corruption in the Federal Public Service becomes a tool to complement current and future efforts to fight corruption.
The Evolving Role of the Planning Function: International Experience and Reform Options for India

(World Bank, Washington, DC, 2021-11-01) World Bank

This note presents the main trends in strategic planning across public sector administrations in seven countries: Australia, Canada, Brazil, Mexico, Malaysia, South Korea, and Colombia. It was prepared in response to the Indian Government's interest in understanding the emerging trends in the evolution of strategic planning in a range of countries and effectively adapting this function across public administration at the national and subnational levels.
ID4D Country Diagnostic: Central African Republic

(World Bank, Washington, DC, 2021-10-19) World Bank

This diagnostic has been conducted with the sole purpose of serving the ongoing development of social protection policy in the country. It is the Bank’s hope that the report will be useful for social protection policy development as intended. The Bank has not agreed with the government to invest in the civil registration and identification sector. The government may consider the use of this report for the activities it will undertake to seek support from the international donor community for such an investment. The report is organized into the following sections: section one gives introduction. Section two examines the identity ecosystem in Central African Republic (CAR) and presents the stakeholders on the supply and demand sides, the identity schemes, the legal framework, and the specific post-crisis identity context; and section three presents the analysis conducted by the World Bank Group and details the main recommendations to build on so social protection actors can promote an efficient and reliable identity ecosystem that can serve the entire Central African population, starting from the most vulnerable.
Delivering Together: Using Indonesia's Village Law to Optimize Frontline Service Delivery

(World Bank, Washington, DC, 2021-08-19) World Bank

Over the past twenty years, Indonesia has pursued an ambitious policy agenda for decentralization. Indonesia's subnational governments play a key role in providing frontline services. In 2014, Indonesia's Village Law ushered in a new chapter in the country's decentralization agenda. The law establishes a legal and financial foundation for villages to contribute to Indonesia's rural development. In 2020, village transfers accounted for around ten percent of all subnational transfers, playing an important role in Indonesia's Coronavirus (COVID-19) response strategy. Despite these positive results, several frontier issues in the overall decentralization agenda hinder villages' contributing potential to improving frontline service delivery. This report categorizes these structural challenges into four broad categories of regulatory challenges, coordination gaps, limited capacity building systems, and fragmentation in accountability systems. The report aims to show how overcoming these structural challenges can enable the government to institutionalize systems of accountability and participation into its wider service delivery framework.
Worldwide Bureaucracy Indicators: Methodology, Insights, and Applications

(World Bank, Washington, DC, 2021-08-18) World Bank

What is the appropriate level of employment in the public sector as a whole and for essential workers like public administrators, teachers, and doctors? Is the public sector wage bill affordable? Does the public sector pay competitive wages compared to the private sector to attract talent while not crowding out private sector jobs? Does the public sector pay equal wages to workers in similar jobs and with similar skills? Does the public sector promote gender equality in employment? And are public sector pay and employment practices contributing to higher public sector productivity, better service delivery, and improved governance? The Worldwide Bureaucracy Indicators (WWBI) were developed in response to growing calls to provide more empirical foundation to similar questions on the public workforce. This report sets out to introduce the Indicators estimated from microdata drawn from the labor force and household welfare surveys and augmented with administrative data for 202 economies covering the demographics of the private and public sector workforces, relative wages and premiums, and the public sector wage bill. The report details the methodology used to construct the WWBI, including a description of the data sources and estimations used for the different indicators, presents the main findings emerging from the dataset on core questions, and presents potential policy and research applications of the dataset.
Using New Data to Support Tax Treaty Negotiation

(World Bank, Washington, DC, 2021-07-12) World Bank

This paper introduces the new Tax Treaties Explorer dataset, developed with support from the World Bank and the G-24, and illustrates its use for research by tax treaty negotiators, policy makers, and researchers. The new dataset provides a rich source of data to reexamine existing tax treaty policy, inform negotiation positions, and assess treaty networks. For the first time, it provides a tool to analyze trends in the content of tax treaties, across individual agreements, over time, and between countries. To illustrate the value of such an approach, we replicate a study by Barthel, Busse, and Neumayer (2009), which found a positive association between the presence of a tax treaty and the bilateral stock of FDI. We show that this effect is mainly driven by the withholding tax rates in the treaty rather than by other provisions affecting taxing rights such as permanent establishment. If the outcomes of this proof-of-concept replication are borne out in future research, this would suggest that negotiators can seek the maximum protection of source taxing rights in other parts of the treaty, knowing that this is unlikely to dilute investment-promoting impacts.