Other Poverty Study

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http://hdl.handle.net/10986/2119
Document Type: Publications & Research × Subject: INEQUALITY ×

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    The Effects of Fiscal Policy on Inequality and Poverty in The Gambia
    (World Bank, Washington, DC, 2022-01) Carrasco Nunez, Haydeeliz ; Jawara, Hamidou ; Meyer, Moritz
    The overall objective of this study is to assess the impact of the fiscal system on poverty and inequality in The Gambia as of 2015. The study presents the first empirical evidence on the distributional impacts of taxes and social spending on households in The Gambia. Furthermore, it also evaluated the distributional effects of recent fiscal policy reforms in The Gambia. The assessment was based on the Commitment to Equity (CEQ) Methodology with data from the Integrated Household Survey of 2015 and fiscal administrative data from various government ministries, departments, and agencies. The analyses show that while the fiscal system in The Gambia reduces inequality by 1.2 Gini points, it increases the national poverty headcount by 5.3 percentage points as all households (including the poor) are net payers into the fiscal system. Most of the inequality reduction is due to primary education benefits, with a marginal contribution of 0.44 Gini points, and most of the poverty increase is due to custom duties and VAT with marginal contributions of -2.63 percentage points and -2.07 percentage points, respectively. Simulating the effect of changes in the structure of personal income tax (PIT) and the government’s ongoing absorption of the School Feeding Program indicate that these changes reduce inequality but do not offset the impoverishing effect of the fiscal system. Hence, more cashable transfer programs targeted to the poor are needed to offset the impoverishing effect of indirect taxes and make the fiscal system more pro-poor.
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    Publication
    September 2020 PovcalNet Update: What’s New
    (World Bank, Washington, DC, 2020-09) Castaneda Aguilar, R. Andres ; Fujs, Tony ; Jolliffe, Dean ; Lakner, Christoph ; Gerszon Mahler, Daniel ; Nguyen, Minh C. ; Schoch, Marta ; Vargas Mogollon, David L. ; Viveros Mendoza, Martha C. ; Baah, Samuel Kofi Tetteh ; Yonzan, Nishant ; Yoshida, Nobuo
    The September 2020 update to PovcalNet mainly involves the adoption of the revised 2011 PPPs for the estimation of global poverty. In addition, the coverage rules for reporting regional and global poverty aggregates have been reviewed, resulting in small adjustments. Historical regional and global aggregates are now reported with an annual frequency instead of intervals with varying lengths. Only two surveys have been added and some welfare aggregates have been revised compared with the March 2020 update. National accounts and population input data have been updated. This document explains these changes and the rationale behind them in detail. The data and associated estimates are used for the analysis of global poverty in the forthcoming Poverty and Shared Prosperity Report 2020.
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    Publication
    September 2019 PovcalNet Update: What's New
    (World Bank, Washington, DC, 2019-09) Atamanov, Aziz ; Castaneda Aguilar, R. Andres ; Diaz-Bonilla, Carolina ; Jolliffe, Dean ; Lakner, Christoph ; Mahler, Daniel Gerszon ; Montes, Jose ; Moreno Herrera, Laura Liliana ; Newhouse, David ; Nguyen, Minh C. ; Prydz, Espen Beer ; Sangraula, Prem ; Tandon, Sharad Alan ; Yang, Judy
    The September 2019 global poverty update from the World Bank includes revised survey data which lead to minor changes in the most recent global poverty estimates. The update includes revisions to 18 surveys from four countries. As a result of the revised data, the estimate of the global 1.90 US Dollars headcount ratio for 2015 increases slightly from 9.94 percent to 9.98 percent, whereas the number of poor increases from 731.0 million to 734.5 million people.