Country Notes on Climate Change Aspects in Agriculture

2012-06, World Bank

This country note for Georgia is part of a series of country briefs that summarize information relevant to climate change and agriculture for three countries in the Southern Caucasus Region, with a particular focus on climate and crop projections, adaptation options, policy development and institutional involvement. The note series has been developed to provide a baseline of knowledge on climate change and agriculture for the countries participating in the regional program on reducing vulnerability to climate change in Southern Caucasus agricultural systems. This note for Georgia was shared with the Government and other agricultural sector stakeholders and used as an engagement tool for a National Awareness Raising and Consultation Workshop, held in Tbilisi in April 2012. Feedback and comments on the note from this consultation process have been incorporated into this updated version in collaboration with the Georgian Ministry of Agriculture.

2010-09, World Bank

This country note for Macedonia is part of a series of country briefs that summarize information relevant to climate change and agriculture for four pilot countries in the Europe and Central Asia (ECA) Region, with a particular focus on climate and crop projections, adaptation options, policy development and institutional involvement. The note series has been developed to provide a baseline of knowledge on climate change and agriculture for the pilot countries participating in the regional program on reducing vulnerability to climate change in ECA agricultural systems. This note for Macedonia was shared with the Government and other agricultural sector stakeholders and used as an engagement tool for a National Awareness Raising and Consultation Workshop, held in Skopje in May 2010. Feedback and comments on the note from this consultation process have been incorporated into this updated version in collaboration with the Macedonian Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Water Economy (MAFWE).

2009-12, World Bank

This country note briefly summarizes information relevant to both climate change and agriculture in Bolivia, with focus on policy developments (including action plans and programs) and institutional make-up. Like most countries in Latin America, Bolivia has submitted one national communication to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) with a second one under preparation. Land use change and forestry, coupled with agriculture, are by far the largest contributors to green house gas (GHG) emissions in the country. The emission reduction potential of the sector is large, but not sufficiently explored. Bolivia counts with only two registered Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) projects, none of which is in the agricultural sector. Agriculture is highly vulnerable to climate variability and weather extremes and around a third of the population derives their livelihood from agricultural production. A greater emphasis on adaptation strategies, in particular those related to water harvest and sustainable land management, as well as developing and applying adequate insurance mechanisms can be placed for better management of public resources in light of natural disasters in the agriculture sector.

2009-12, World Bank

This country note briefly summarizes information relevant to both climate change and agriculture in Nicaragua, with focus on policy developments (including action plans and programs) and institutional make-up. Like most countries in Latin America, Nicaragua has submitted one national communication to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) with a second one under preparation. Land use change and forestry are by far the largest contributors to green house gas (GHG) emissions in the country. The emission reduction potential of the sector is large, but not sufficiently explored. Nicaragua counts with only three Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) projects, none of which are in the agricultural sector. It is estimated that Central America produces less than 0.5 percent of global carbon emissions, but it is one the most vulnerable regions to climate change related impacts on the planet. Agriculture is highly vulnerable to climate variability and weather extremes, this coupled with problems of land degradation in the country. A greater emphasis on reducing soil degradation, reforestation and developing and applying adequate insurance mechanisms can be placed for better management of public resources in light of natural disasters in the agriculture sector.

2011-02, World Bank

This country note for Albania is part of series of country briefs that summarizes information relevant to climate change and agriculture for four pilot countries in the Europe and Central Asia (ECA) Region, with a particular focus on climate and crop projections, adaptation options, policy development, and institutional involvement. The note series has been developed to provide a baseline of knowledge on climate change and agriculture for the pilot countries (including Albania) participating in the Regional Program on Reducing Vulnerability to Climate Change in ECA Agricultural Systems. For Albania, this note was shared with the Government and other agricultural sector stakeholders, and used as an engagement tool for the National Awareness Raising and Consultation Workshop on reducing vulnerability to climate change in Albania s agricultural systems, held in Tirana in May 2009. Feedback and comments on the note from this consultation process have been incorporated into this updated version in collaboration with the Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Consumer Protection (MoAFCP).

2009-12, World Bank

This country note briefly summarizes information relevant to both climate change and agriculture in Peru, with focus on policy developments (including action plans and programs) and institutional make-up. Like most developing countries, Peru has submitted only one national communication to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), with the second one under preparation. Land use change and forestry are the largest contributors to greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in the country. The emission reduction potential of the agricultural (including land use change and forestry) sector is large, though not yet sufficiently explored. Peru currently counts with one Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) project in the agricultural sector, and one CDM reforestation project. Reducing vulnerability to climate change and, in particular, to water scarcity due to variations in precipitation and glacier retreats is of increasing importance in the agricultural sector, coupled with more sustainable land management practices.

2009-12, World Bank

This country note briefly summarizes information relevant to both climate change and agriculture in Colombia, with focus on policy developments (including action plans and programs) and institutional make-up. Like most countries in Latin America, Colombia has submitted one national communication to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) with a second one under preparation. Agriculture (including land use change and forestry) significantly contributes to total green house gas (GHG) emissions in the country. The emission reduction potential of the agricultural sector (including land use change and forestry) is significant and not yet sufficiently explored in the country. Colombia does not count with a single Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) projects in the agricultural sector. Agriculture is highly vulnerable to weather extremes, in particular on the Caribbean coast, where the threat of floods is prevalent. Reducing vulnerability to climate change is of utmost importance in the agricultural sector in Colombia, considering the role the sector plays in food security and livelihoods of rural populations.

2010-11, World Bank

This country note for Moldova is part of a series of country briefs that summarize information relevant to climate change and agriculture for four pilot countries in the Europe and Central Asia (ECA) Region, with a particular focus on climate and crop projections, adaptation options, policy development and institutional involvement. The note series has been developed to provide a baseline of knowledge on climate change and agriculture for the pilot countries participating in the regional program on reducing vulnerability to climate change in ECA agricultural systems. This note for Moldova was shared with the Government and other agricultural sector stakeholders and used as an engagement tool for a National Awareness Raising and Consultation Workshop, held in Chisinau in October 2009. Feedback and comments on the note from this consultation process have been incorporated into this updated version in collaboration with the Ministry of Agriculture and Food Industry (MAFI).

2009-12, World Bank

This country note briefly summarizes information relevant to both climate change and agriculture in Guatemala, with focus on policy developments (including action plans and programs) and institutional make-up. Like most countries in Latin America, Guatemala has submitted one national communication to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). Land use change and forestry are by far the largest contributors to greenhouse gases (GHG) emissions in the country. The emission reduction potential of the sector is large, but not sufficiently explored. Guatemala counts with eight CDM projects, one of which is in the agricultural sector. It is estimated that Central America produces less than 0.5 percent of global carbon emissions, but it is one the most vulnerable regions to climate change related impacts on the planet. Agriculture is highly vulnerable to climate variability and weather extremes, this coupled with problems of land degradation in the country. A greater emphasis on reducing soil degradation, reforestation and developing and applying adequate insurance mechanisms can be placed for better management of public resources in light of natural disasters in the agriculture sector.

2009-12, World Bank

This country note briefly summarizes information relevant to both climate change and agriculture in Costa Rica, with focus on policy developments (including action plans and programs) and institutional make-up. Like most countries in Latin America, Costa Rica has submitted one national communication to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) with a second one under preparation. Land use change and forestry are the largest contributors to GHG emissions in the country. The emission reduction potential of the sector is large and several reforestation programs have been initiated. It is estimated that Central America produces less than 0.5 percent of global carbon emissions, but it is one the most vulnerable regions to climate change related impacts on the planet. Agriculture is highly vulnerable to climate variability, this coupled with problems of land degradation in the country. A greater emphasis on reducing soil degradation and developing and applying adequate insurance mechanisms can be placed for better management of public resources in light of natural disasters in the agriculture sector.