Miscellaneous Knowledge Notes

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Sub-Saharan Africa

Sub-Saharan Africa, home to more than 1 billion people, half of whom will be under 25 years old by 2050, is a diverse ...

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  • Publication
    Epidemic Projections and Opportunities to Accelerate Control of Tuberculosis in Mozambique: Findings from an Optima Modelling Analysis
    (World Bank, Washington, DC, 2021-09-08) World Bank
    Mozambique is one of the thirty highest tuberculosis (TB) burden countries in the world with respect to total incidence. Active case finding programs in Mozambique have been expanding, and community-based efforts now account for around twenty-five percent of detected cases. This involves both contact tracing of notified cases and other community-level interventions such as active house-to-house screening and testing, mobile van outreach in TB hotspots, and screening and testing of community health workers. However, there are opportunities for further expansion. This policy brief summarizes the findings of an allocative efficiency analysis using the Optima TB model, and highlights opportunities to maximize the impact of TB spending in Mozambique.
  • Publication
    Mozambique: Lessons from a Pilot to Assess the Effectiveness of Performance-Based Grants in Primary Schools
    (World Bank, Washington, DC, 2020-06) World Bank
    Many developing countries have invested substantial resources in expanding their primary and secondary education systems, resulting in large gains in the number of students completing basic education. However, in many countries this growth has outpaced the ability of education ministries to effectively monitor the quality of their schools. This has resulted in limited progress in improving teacher attendance in the classroom and has resulted in limited learning time and poor learning outcomes. Results-based financing (RBF) has been used in to address these challenges by creating stronger incentives to achieve better results. The World Bank provided technical assistance to the ministry of education of Mozambique to design and implement a pilot to assess the effectiveness of performance-based school grants in 552 primary schools. A rigorous impact evaluation should be implemented to monitor the program’s effectiveness in securing desired education results.
  • Publication
    Mozambique: Can Information and Incentives Increase School Attendance?
    (World Bank, Washington, DC, 2018-03) World Bank
    Although more children than ever are starting school in Africa, in many countries dropout rates remain high and few students complete their schooling, especially girls. Results-based financing (RBF) has been used in many developing countries to attempt to incentivize various stakeholders such as students, parents, and teachers to achieve better results. RBF mechanisms work by linking financial incentives to measurable results, for example school attendance, dropout rates, or student test scores. Conditional cash transfers (CCTs) are one such RBF mechanism that has been used in many developing countries to incentivize individuals to take actions that they may not otherwise take, such as attending school or using preventive health services. CCTs work by giving individuals a cash transfer, conditional on verification that they have completed the prescribed behavior. CCTs have been shown to be effective in increasing school attendance in many countries, but their cost and complexity makes them difficult to manage for countries with limited administrative and budgetary capacity.