Miscellaneous Knowledge Notes

664 items available

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https://hdl.handle.net/10986/9388

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Leveraging Farmer Producer Companies to Transition to Market-Based Production Systems in Jharkhand
(World Bank, Washington, DC, 2020-03) Sethy, Paresh; Bihari, Bipin
Small and marginal farmers in India struggle for access to good quality inputs in farming of crops (seeds, fertilizers, crop protection) and livestock (stock species, breed, density, feed consumption); credit; market acceptance (such as for a new product); connectivity (for bulk marketing); and storage facilities. Aggregation of farmers into Farmer Producer Companies (FPCs) has shown to overcome many of these problems. JOHAR FPCs are unique compared to existing ones because of their huge membership base (7,000–8,000 per FPC), shareholder composition (only women), and product basket with produce that helps double incomes. This note includes experiences and learnings of the implementation of marketing initiatives for: (i) a new poultry product, and (ii) increasing the marketing of tomato produce through post-harvest management practices and technologies.
Building Last Mile Livestock Extension Services for Rural Communities in Jharkhand, India
(World Bank, Washington, DC, 2020-03) Leitch, Helen; Gaurav, Abhinav; Bihari, Bipin
Jharkhand's livestock production is in the hands of marginal and landless farmers with women accounting for over 70 percent of the production. The JOHAR project aims to enhance and diversify household income through the livestock component to target nearly 57,000 beneficiaries for enhancing productivity and accessing markets in selected value chains (broilers, layers, pigs, goats and dual purpose backyard poultry). Given the major role of women, especially from marginal and landless households, JOHAR livestock activities target over 90 percent female beneficiaries. While local service providers are an important feature in all livestock related investments the Bank finances, the JOHAR model is believed to be the most comprehensive and successful of all. This note highlights JOHAR's livestock activities, the JOHAR Pashu sakhi model, lessons learned and what makes the JOHAR model different.
Building Rural Poultry Supply-Chains To Enhance Incomes through Community-Driven Interventions: Case Study from Jharkhand, India
(World Bank, Washington, DC, 2020-03) Newton-Lewis, Tom; Jha, Avadesh; Singh, Pratyush Ranjan; Nagpal, Phalasha; Bihari, Bipin
Layer farming is an income-generating livelihood activity wherein egg-laying poultry birds are raised by a household for the purpose of egg production on a commercial scale. The few traditional rural producer households that are engaged in layer farming in Jharkhand are constrained by high input costs (such as pullets, feed, vaccinations), a high disease-based mortality rate, and poor access to credit, making it a less remunerative income source. Cereal-based feed is imported from Andhra Pradesh, Bihar and Madhya Pradesh, thereby escalating input costs1. Jharkhand is dependent on egg imports from neighboring states, thus presenting a promising marketing opportunity within the state. However, low and fragmented production, coupled with poor market linkages and inefficiencies make it a challenge for households to realize remunerative prices from their produce. As a part of its diversified and resilient production systems component, the JOHAR project has invested in layer farming under the livestock development sub-component, with the objective of improving rural livelihoods in Jharkhand. This note investigates a layer co-operative's federation, operational and production model as well as financial feasibility. An operational co-operative in Basia block, of Gumla district, was used as a case and analyzed in detail.
Learnings From Community-Based Small-Scale Irrigation in Tribal Areas of Jharkhand, India
(World Bank, Washington, DC, 2020-03) Singh, Pratyush; Sharma, Stuti; Bihari, Bipin
JOHAR is a pioneer in enabling tribal communities to be an integral stakeholder in development by ensuring availability, accessibility and utilization of water resources for agricultural development. JOHAR supports 200,000 small and marginal farmers in primarily rainfed, backward, drought prone, upland and tribal areas of Jharkhand. It facilitates a unique approach, that of "community-led irrigation" which brings water directly to the fields, and fosters community ownership from the onset of project conception, to survey and implementation, right through to operations and maintenance. This note highlights JOHAR's focus on promoting such an approach through engaging the community, particularly women in planning, implementation, monitoring and overall management of their irrigation infrastructure.
Leveraging Community Institutions to Support Agri-Business and Livelihoods in Jharkhand
(World Bank, Washington, DC, 2020-03) Bihari, Bipin; Khanuja, Jasmeet; Kothari, Anand; Newton-Lewis, Tom; Singh, Gurpreet
The JOHAR project was initiated in 2017 to aid targeted rural producer households to diversify and enhance their household income, and achieve a significant increase in real income until 2023 in selected blocks of rural Jharkhand. The JOHAR project recently completed a baseline for the project evaluation using a randomized controlled trial, supplemented with a non-random control group outside the program area that provides a counterfactual based on an additional quasi-experimental design. The purpose of this note is to present key baseline results and how they validate the project's theory of change. It summarizes the findings from the baseline, presents the status-quo on potential JOHAR beneficiaries, and outlines how the project can achieve its target of enhancing and diversifying the income of rural producer households.
Pioneering New Approaches to Rural Agri-Entrepreneurship Skills Development in Jharkhand, India
(World Bank, Washington, DC, 2020-03) Kumar, Vineet; Behera, Tapas Ranjan; Bihari, Bipin
Jharkhand has a large proportion of marginal and small landholders (84 percent), who mainly practice rain-fed, single-crop subsistence farming, cultivating a low-yielding variety of paddy. A vast majority of these rural producers are unable to transition to high-value commodities. The average landholding per farmer is 1.17 hectares. Of the 3.43 million hectares of cultivable land, only 2.23 million hectares (65 percent) is being farmed leaving nearly 35 percent of cultivable land fallow. Small livestock rearing and fish farming in catchment farm ponds, tanks and reservoirs could be important potential sources of livelihood for these rural households. Collection and sale of non-timber forest produce (NTFP) contributes substantially to incomes of forest dwellers and inhabitants of hamlets surrounding forest areas, who are mostly disadvantaged and landless communities belonging to particularly vulnerable tribal groups. This note explains the skilling and rural agri-entrepreneurship approach, process design, learnings, and the way forward of the JOHAR skilling initiative.