Miscellaneous Knowledge Notes

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Myanmar Fiscal Monitoring: Myanmar Budget Brief

(Washington, DC, 2022-11) World Bank

This budget brief presents a summary of developments in Myanmar’s public finances. This report includes two sections that cover the aggregate fiscal update and public finance developments in core service delivery ministries. The report relies on data obtained from published reports of the Ministry of Planning and Finance, and other publicly available information. Where news reports are referenced, additional efforts were made during the monitoring process to triangulate reports from several reputed news media sources to ensure the veracity of the information presented.
Improving Health Services in Myanmar through Public Financial Management Reform

(World Bank, Washington, DC, 2021-08-03) World Bank

To support socioeconomic development objectives and improve service delivery, the former government of Myanmar issued a public financial management (PFM) reform strategy (2019-2022). Plans were underway to modernize PFM legal and regulatory frameworks, systems, and practices to improve the efficiency of public expenditures and services that are critical for citizens. First Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and then recent political events in Myanmar not only disrupted service delivery, but also emphasized the criticality of public health service delivery. This brief offers a selective overview of a more in-depth assessment of the health sector conducted jointly by the former government and the World Bank in 2020 to support this effort. While it does not take into account the impact of political events that occurred in February 2021, it summarizes the assessment’s central findings and recommendations for enhancing health financing, service delivery, and efficiency at all levels of health care, when the conditions are right. The assessment is based on a large survey of health practitioners, including at the frontlines.
Rapid Information from Household High-Frequency Survey: Summary of Results from Round 4

(World Bank, Washington, DC, 2020-12-08) World Bank

The brief presents the main findings from the fourth of eight rounds of a nationally representative survey of 1,500 randomly selected households in all states/regions of Myanmar. The survey was undertaken by conducting a 20-minute phone call with respondents from 7th to 29th October 2020.
The Firm-Level Impacts of the COVID-19 Pandemic: Round 5 Results

(World Bank, Washington, DC, 2020-11-24) World Bank

The economic impact of the second wave of the Coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic remains significantly more severe on businesses than the first, according to the World Bank’s firm-level survey. As government stay-at-home orders persist, the overall share of temporary closures among firms has slightly increased in October 2020. Different regional mandates have yielded varying degrees of temporary closures across Myanmar with almost half of all firms in Yangon temporarily closed, double the national average. This brief focuses on the survey results that was administered between October 13 and 28, 2020 and covered a nationally representative sample of five hundred firms.
Rapid Information from Household High-Frequency Survey: Summary of Results from Round 3

(World Bank, Washington, DC, 2020-10-28) World Bank

This brief presents the main findings from the third of eight rounds of a nationally representative survey of fifteen hundred randomly selected households in all states/regions of Myanmar. The survey was undertaken by conducting twenty minutes phone call with respondents between July 30 and August 20, 2020.
Current Situation and Implications for Household Welfare

(World Bank, Washington, DC, 2020-10-21) World Bank

While Myanmar responded early and decisively to the COVID-19 pandemic thereby limiting adverse health impacts, evidence from the Myanmar COVID-19 Monitoring Platform shows that impacts on households’ welfare were significant. Border movement restrictions starting in February and a complete lockdown between March and April forced non-essential businesses to cease operations and prevented people from traveling to work. Meanwhile, about 100,000 economic migrants returned from Thailand alone. As a result, in May 2020, about 54 percent of households’ main workers reported not working and about 16 percent of firms had temporarily closed. The easing of restrictions between May and August contributed to a partial rebound of the economy, which is still suffering from the impact of reduced global demand, border trade disruptions, and potential changes in consumer behaviors.
Rapid Information from Household High-Frequency Monitoring: Summary of Results from Round 2

(World Bank, Washington, DC, 2020-09-11) World Bank

The first round of survey results reported in the Myanmar Coronavirus (COVID-19) monitoring platform revealed that impacts on employment between March and May 2020 were significant. Households had become less able to diversify their income sources and, in some cases, struggled to access food. This brief presents the main findings from the second of eight rounds of a nationally representative survey of randomly selected households in all states/regions of Myanmar. The survey was undertaken by conducting twenty-minute phone call with respondents between June 8 and 26, 2020.