Other Infrastructure Study

377 items available

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https://hdl.handle.net/10986/2204

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Improving Transport Connectivity for Food Security in Africa: Strengthening Supply Chains
(Washington, DC: World Bank, 2025-02-14) World Bank
This report provides a detailed analysis of the supply chains of key food commodities inAfrica and sheds light on how transport deficiencies affect production, distribution, and imports and ultimately, food security across the continent. While many studies have been carried out to explain the persistent food insecurity problem in Africa, the report is the first to use a supply chain approach to provide comprehensive view how transport, logistics, and storage affect food security. The analysis uses the World Bank’s in-house Freight Flow and Transport Choice Model (FlowMax) to explore the movement of food between production and consumption including global trade. The model tracks the flow of four essential commodities (namely Maize, Cassava, Wheat, and Rice) which provide almost half of Africa’s caloric intake, to provide insights how weaknesses and gaps in the supply chain affect the flow of these commodities within a country, between countries, and with overseas markets.
Cambodia’s Regional Connectivity: Unlocking the Full Potential of Transport Corridors
(Washington, DC: World Bank, 2024-12-06) World Bank
Cambodia’s export-driven growth has resulted in increased freight demand. Containerized import and export cargo movement has increased more than five-fold over the past 12 years. By 2030, it is expected that trade volumes moving along highways and through ports, airports, and warehouses will double. However, high transport and logistics costs are major bottlenecks to Cambodia’s economic competitiveness and diversification. The Royal Government of Cambodia (RGC) developed the Comprehensive Intermodal Transport and Logistics System (CITLS) Master Plan for 2023–2033 to support improving the performance and efficiency of the transport sector and supporting the achievement of the national development objectives as defined in the RGC’s Pentagonal Strategy Phase 1. However, many of the projects put forward in the CITLS are in the conceptual phase requiring further technical studies and prioritization prior to securing financing from the public and private sectors. This report prepared by the World Bank team aims to complement the RGC’s efforts by focusing on immediate investments and policy actions to unlock opportunities along the existing transport corridors in Cambodia. The analysis and proposals described in this report focus on the short to medium-term priorities. By providing alternative insights on the role and performance of the existing roads, waterways and maritime transport, railways, and cross-border trade facilitation the report is designed to complement the CITLS. Throughout the course of this study, stakeholder consultations were conducted with involved public sector institutions and major private sector players in freight transportation and logistics.
Climate Change Adaptation and Social Inclusion Screening and Quantification Tool for PT Indonesia Infrastructure Finance
(Washington, DC: World Bank, 2024-07-24) World Bank
Indonesia is highly vulnerable to the impacts of climate change, including projected sea-level rises, changing precipitation patterns, intense tropical cyclones, and storm surges. This is largely due to the concentration of urban poor in city peripheries, where infrastructure supply is limited and of low-quality. The government of Indonesia is strongly committed to combating climate change and, as such, has made a number of commitments to strengthen its climate change adaptation and mitigation priorities. As a step towards this, Indonesia ratified the Paris Agreement in 2016 and submitted its nationally determined contributions (NDCs). In this context it becomes imperative to catalyze infrastructure investments that foster E&S sustainability, with a focus on gender protection and equality, particularly in, vulnerable communities. To help further the government’s strategic priorities, PT Indonesia Infrastructure Finance (IIF), a leading non-bank private infrastructure financing institution, is committed to strengthening the application of international best practices in climate risk and social inclusion standard. The objective of this assignment was to (i) strengthen IIF’s capacity to develop a strategy and methodology to screen climate-smart projects and quantify the impacts and benefits of the application of climate risk, gender, and other social inclusion considerations such as Cultural Heritage, Biodiversity, Ecosystem Services, and Indigenous peoples from a project perspective and (ii) help support and advance Indonesia’s sustainability and climate commitments.
A Pathway to Decarbonization of the Vehicle Fleet in Serbia and the role of Electric Mobility
(Washington, DC: World Bank, 2024-06-24) World Bank
Serbia is transitioning to an environmentally sustainable, low-carbon, climate-resilient economy, but the transition must be accelerated in view of climate change and increasing air pollution. Serbia has Europe’s worst per capita record for pollution-related deaths, and the environmental performance Index shows that Serbia has a score for environmental health and ecosystem vitality below that of most of the Western Balkans six countries and similar European economies in transition. The problem has several origins, notably excessive reliance on fossil fuels, particularly coal, for electricity generation and heating; outdated, high-emission vehicles, many of which are imported from other European countries; and the declining popularity of public transportation. This report analyzes the enabling environment for decarbonization and electrification of the transportation sector; makes recommendations for establishing an efficient, sustainable E-Mobility market; and identifies steps to do so.
Integrating Resilience into Municipal Infrastructure Delivery in Kenya: Guidance Note for Municipal and County Engineer and Planners - Urban Resilient Infrastructure Guideline
(Washington, DC: World Bank, 2023-09-01) World Bank
This Resilient Urban Infrastructure Guidelines forms one of a suite of reports developed by AECOM for the World Bank Group under the ‘Enhancement of Resilient Urban Planning and Infrastructure Investments in Urban Areas in Kenya’ assignment and constitutes Deliverable 2. This guidance note provides simple guidance for increasing the resilience of municipal infrastructure projects, and of communities, to physical risks, notably impacts of climate changes. This will increase the sustainability of investments under Second Kenya Urban Support Program (KUSP2), enabling them to perform their required function for their proposed design life, in a changing climate. It follows, roughly chronologically, the project development and design process. For the purposes of this note, resilient urban infrastructure is defined as infrastructure that is designed to deliver essential services now and in the future. It is prepared for and can withstand, adapt and recover positively from the physical (and climatic) shocks and stresses it may face over its lifetime. This is both with regards to the assets themselves, as well as the wider system that these assets are part of, which could include: the natural environment, the urban system, the operators, and the communities that interact with them.
Sustainable Cities: Urban Areas and Climate Change in Sierra Leone
(Washington, DC: World Bank, 2023-09-01) World Bank
Sierra Leone is highly vulnerable to natural hazards whose impacts are exacerbated by unplanned rapid urbanization. The main victims of climate change risks and impacts in urban Sierra Leone are the urban poor who also bear the brunt of multiple crises such as Ebola and Coronavirus Disease (Covid-19). In response to these impacts, local councils are front and center in implementing climate action activities in Sierra Leone. Therefore, this report situates local councils at the center of climate action. By focusing at the urban and community level, it has three objectives: (i) Identify the risks and impacts of climate change, (ii) Explore what local councils are already doing, and (iii) Determine what they could do more of, or better.
Building Regulations in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Status Review of the Building Regulatory Environment
(Washington, DC: World Bank, 2023-06-20) World Bank; Global Facility for Disaster Reduction and Recovery
Buildings should provide safe, comfortable, and healthy environments for people to live and work. They are an essential component of societies and economies, housing critical infrastructure necessary to keep governments and businesses in operation. At the same time, buildings are the first line of defense against natural hazards and climate impacts for the general population. The scope of this report is limited to regulatory frameworks in Sub-Saharan Africa countries, with a focus on buildings rather than on specialized construction types such as infrastructure for water, energy, transport, or communications. The report focuses on the technical aspects of the regulatory frameworks: market and financial solutions fall beyond its scope. Chapter 1 of the report describes the components, concepts, and desired outcomes of building regulatory frameworks. Chapter 2 explains the evolution of the building regulation environment in Sub-Saharan Africa and the region-specific hazards and risks that the regulatory environment must respond to. Chapter 3 presents data on the building regulatory environment for each country in the region. It covers all aspects of the building regulatory cycle: from the legally adopted building regulations that exist, to what they cover, to the implementation of regulations through compliance and enforcement mechanisms. Chapter 4 offers guidance on how to improve and update building regulatory frameworks. Chapter 5 contains region-specific conclusions and recommendations for strengthening building regulatory frameworks because of the analyses carried out in Chapters 3 and 4. Additionally, Appendix A summarizes key data for each country.
Navigating Beyond COVID-19: Airline Recovery and Regulatory Reform Opportunities in Southern Africa
(Washington, DC, 2022-09) World Bank
This policy paper explores airline restructuring and regulatory reform challenges and opportunities in the Southern African region with particular focus on Botswana, Eswatini, Lesotho, Namibia and South Africa. Prior to the COVID-19 pandemic crisis, the air transport sector in the region faced multipronged challenges, including those related to economic regulation, profitability, safety, security, and sustainable financing of critical infrastructure. Much like the rest of Africa, the region is characterized by the dominance of troubled state-owned airlines which have been unable to generate meaningful positive returns for many years due to structural inefficiencies and weak governance. They faced elevated costs and needed several bailouts and turnaround strategies, albeit unsuccessful.
Bangladesh Land Acquisition Diagnostic Review: Legal and Institutional Framework, Procedures and Practices - Analysis of the Challenges of and Proposals for Strengthening the Country’s Land Acquisition System
(Washington, DC, 2022-08) World Bank
Bangladesh has experienced a rapid pace of economic growth in the last two decades, with notable achievements across several social development parameters. To ensure sustained higher economic growth, the government of Bangladesh (GoB) aims to expand infrastructure related investment in the areas of strategic connectivity, industrialization, tourism development, and trade promotion, all of which require a significant amount of land. Age-old legal and institutional legacies and practices, issues pertaining to institutional capacity, and the lack of interoperability between departments involved in land administration make the overall land acquisition (LA) process extremely complicated and lengthy, with the scarcity of land making it even more challenging. The overall objective of the study was to assess the challenges and identify a mechanism for system strengthening and the scope of needed legal and institutional reform to improve the speed, accuracy, and accountability of the LA process. This report is presented in five chapters that discuss the study method, the analysis of the existing system and its challenges, measures to address the challenges, and the scope of possible legal and institutional reform. After introducing the study in this chapter, Chapter 2 discusses the country’s LA system and the process in practice. Chapter 3 describes the overall land administration in Bangladesh, including the method for transferring property rights, the creation and updating of khatians, and the complexity involved in the ownership decision process, one of the primary causes of delays in the payment of compensation. Chapter 4 presents the key challenges in the LA process, from the frustrations faced by IAs, who watch the timelines for their projects extended years longer than planned, to the worries and concerns of affected landowners waiting for compensation. Chapter 5 presents the proposals for improving and strengthening aspects of the LA process, including pertinent issues identified for possible land administration reform.
Reconsidering Sites and Services: A Global Review
(Washington, DC: World Bank, 2022-06-07) World Bank
Affordable housing demand in many developing countries outstrips supply. With the market unable to meet low-income housing demand, governments are hard pressed to provide lasting solutions. With the market unable to meet low-income housing demand, governments are hard pressed to provide lasting solutions. In the past, governments and partners have tried several approaches such as social housing, sites and services, slum upgrading and rent subsidies programs. In this context, the World Bank has carried out this review to explore the potential for sites and services as an option for solving the housing crisis for the poor. The assessment reviewed secondary literature comprising of academic papers on sites and services and reports of both World Bank and non-Bank project evaluations across different regions and time. The study also critically analyzed how building technologies, and and housing conditions have changed over time in favour of or against sites and services. Section 1 provides a brief context giving pivotal timelines in the evolution of sites and services. Section 2 examines the outcomes of the approach and draws key lessons from the first generation of sites and services. Lastly, the paper presents guiding principles for future sites and services.