Other Infrastructure Study

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Georgia Economic Impact of East-West Highway Phase 2: Assessing the Impact of East-West Highway Investments on Exports through Gravity Modeling
(World Bank, Washington, DC, 2016-06-27) World Bank
The objective of this study is to assess the impact of the East-West Highway improvement program on Georgia’s ability to access international markets. As highlighted extensively in the literature, improving transport infrastructure and the efficiency of the logistics sector can help countries gain competitiveness in international export markets, which can translate into faster economic growth and higher income. This study hypothesizes that investments in the EWH have reduced the cost of shipping Georgian goods to the rest of the world, and such reductions should be more significant for goods transported by road. To estimate the effect of cost reductions generated by improvements in the EWH, a gravity-type model in first-differences has been estimated. The results show that: (i) a 10 percent increase in the length of upgraded road network predicts a 1.1 percent increase in exports transported by road while no significant effect is estimated for exports on other transport modes (rail, sea, and air); (ii) the resulting increase in exports by road was reflected by a decrease in exports transported by sea; (iii) the effect is statistically and economically significant only for customs offices located along the EWH; (iv) only exports of time-sensitive products responded positively and significantly to improvements in the EWH during the 2006-2015 period; (v) upgrading the entire EWH is estimated to generate additional export revenues between USD 776 million and USD 1,466 million. It is important to note that the overall trade generating effect of the investment is expected to be somewhat lower as the results suggest some substitution between road and sea transport, but the overall impact is a significant boost to exports.
Rail Electronic Data Interchange in a Border Crossing Point in South East Europe: An Assessment of Options
(Washington, DC, 2015-05) World Bank
Within the European Union (EU) rail transport is currently the least integrated transport mode. This leads to delays, extra costs, and insufficient use of rail freight, especially for time-sensitive cargo. This also represents a missed opportunity in terms of moving towards a greener transport modal split within the EU. Rail freight, for which international activity represents 50 percent of total activities, will not be able to develop fully if border crossing rail operations do not deliver a better service for shippers and freight operators who require seamless trans-national transport as is possible by road, air and sea. Observing that the modal split of rail in the EU is stagnating at around 16 percent after years of decline, the European Commission proposed a regulation on a European rail network for competitive freight to be based on a number of rail freight corridors which entered into force on November 9, 2010. Regulation No 913/2010 makes it mandatory to create a European rail network for competitive freight based on international freight corridors, recognizing that the need to strengthen the competitiveness of rail freight requires a corridor approach, involving corridors that cross national borders. TheEU adoption in 2010 of a corridor approach focusing on international rail freight has important implications for EU member states, accession and candidate countries, in terms of approaching rail freight investments and performance from an international corridor perspective with enhanced cross-border coordination, with the ultimate aim of increasing the attractiveness of rail to potential freight customers. The objective of this report is to address this recommendation by assessing whether it makes sense to introduce a pilot EDI in a rail border crossing point in South East Europe. It aims to make a preliminary assessment of the various technical options in terms of hardware, software, and communication requirements of such architecture, taking into account that any technical solution proposed needs to be adapted to the countries in question, given existing infrastructure and European regulations. The ultimate aim is to improve rail border crossing performance in South East Europe by the use of EDI to improve integration.
Romania - Functional Review : Transport Sector
(Washington, DC, 2010-10-15) World Bank
This report describes the results of the Functional Review of the transport sector in Romania. During its early transition years, Romania implemented radical structural reforms in the institutions of the transport sector, but over the last decade there has been concern that these changes have not led to tangible improvements in transport policy administration nor in the efficiency and effectiveness of the main delivery institutions in the railway and road sectors. The Review has tried to discern the main reasons for these shortcomings and to identify remedial actions. It focuses on three main challenges: the administration of the transport sector as a whole; the corporate governance of state-owned road and railway companies; and the priorities for the companies themselves. Attention is also given to budgeting issues and opportunities for greater private sector participation.
Bosnia and Herzegovina - The Road to Europe : Annex 4. Urban Transport - A Need for Safe, Clean, and Affordable Transport
(Washington, DC, 2010-05) World Bank
This report highlights deficiencies and indicates priorities for a prospective national transport strategy and action plan for further consideration by key stakeholders. The overall objective should be the development of a transport system, and an institutional framework, that facilitates rather than constrains, economic development in Bosnia and Herzegovina. A strong transport system contributes to economic growth by reducing the economic distance to markets by expanding opportunities for trade, by improving the competitiveness of national locations for production and distribution, and by facilitating mobility for a country s citizens; while minimizing the social and environmental costs of the transport sector. The report concludes by recommending actions that aim to improve the institutional framework, improve the sustainability of the transport sector, facilitate broad based economic growth, and mitigate the social and environmental detriments associated with transport. Specific policy recommendations are presented to accomplish these conclusions.
Bosnia and Herzegovina - The Road to Europe : Annex 1. Primary and Secondary Roads - A Foundation for Private Sector Led Growth
(Washington, DC, 2010-05) World Bank
This report highlights deficiencies and indicates priorities for a prospective national transport strategy and action plan for further consideration by key stakeholders. The overall objective should be the development of a transport system, and an institutional framework, that facilitates rather than constrains, economic development in Bosnia and Herzegovina. A strong transport system contributes to economic growth by reducing the economic distance to markets by expanding opportunities for trade, by improving the competitiveness of national locations for production and distribution, and by facilitating mobility for a country s citizens; while minimizing the social and environmental costs of the transport sector. The report concludes by recommending actions that aim to improve the institutional framework, improve the sustainability of the transport sector, facilitate broad based economic growth, and mitigate the social and environmental detriments associated with transport. Specific policy recommendations are presented to accomplish these conclusions.
Bosnia and Herzegovina - The Road to Europe : Annex 2. Local Roads - Facilitating Access to Services
(Washington, DC, 2010-05) World Bank
This report highlights deficiencies and indicates priorities for a prospective national transport strategy and action plan for further consideration by key stakeholders. The overall objective should be the development of a transport system, and an institutional framework, that facilitates rather than constrains, economic development in Bosnia and Herzegovina. A strong transport system contributes to economic growth by reducing the economic distance to markets by expanding opportunities for trade, by improving the competitiveness of national locations for production and distribution, and by facilitating mobility for a country s citizens; while minimizing the social and environmental costs of the transport sector. The report concludes by recommending actions that aim to improve the institutional framework, improve the sustainability of the transport sector, facilitate broad based economic growth, and mitigate the social and environmental detriments associated with transport. Specific policy recommendations are presented to accomplish these conclusions.
Bosnia and Herzegovina - The Road to Europe : Transport Sector Review - Main Report
(Washington, DC, 2010-05) World Bank
This report highlights deficiencies and indicates priorities for a prospective national transport strategy and action plan for further consideration by key stakeholders. The overall objective should be the development of a transport system, and an institutional framework, that facilitates rather than constrains, economic development in Bosnia and Herzegovina. A strong transport system contributes to economic growth by reducing the economic distance to markets by expanding opportunities for trade, by improving the competitiveness of national locations for production and distribution, and by facilitating mobility for a country s citizens; while minimizing the social and environmental costs of the transport sector. The report concludes by recommending actions that aim to improve the institutional framework, improve the sustainability of the transport sector, facilitate broad based economic growth, and mitigate the social and environmental detriments associated with transport. Specific policy recommendations are presented to accomplish these conclusions.
Bosnia and Herzegovina - The Road to Europe : Annex 5. Inland Waterways Transport - Realizing the Potential
(Washington, DC, 2010-05) World Bank
This report highlights deficiencies and indicates priorities for a prospective national transport strategy and action plan for further consideration by key stakeholders. The overall objective should be the development of a transport system, and an institutional framework, that facilitates rather than constrains, economic development in Bosnia and Herzegovina. A strong transport system contributes to economic growth by reducing the economic distance to markets by expanding opportunities for trade, by improving the competitiveness of national locations for production and distribution, and by facilitating mobility for a country s citizens; while minimizing the social and environmental costs of the transport sector. The report concludes by recommending actions that aim to improve the institutional framework, improve the sustainability of the transport sector, facilitate broad based economic growth, and mitigate the social and environmental detriments associated with transport. Specific policy recommendations are presented to accomplish these conclusions.
Investigation and Analysis of Natural Hazard Impacts on Linear Infrastructure in Southern Kyrgyzstan : Desk and Field Studies Report
(Washington, DC, 2008-12) World Bank
This report presents the findings of a study of geohazards along 850 km of roads in Southern Kyrgyzstan (KG) and their potential impact on road rehabilitation projects throughout the country. This report presents the findings of a short "fact finding" study on geological hazards (or geohazards) as they relate to ongoing and future planned road rehabilitation projects throughout KG and provides recommendations on activities that could be carried out in KG over the coming years in order to utilize the expertise and data available in country in order to facilitate and improve road design and monitoring/mitigation of geohazard impacts. Section two provides an introduction to the report and section three provides background information behind the study, the objectives and a brief description of the scope of work. Section four describes geohazards in general and details those specifically threatening road developments in KG. Section five describes current road design practices and codes and standards within KG while. Section six discussed briefly the potential economic consequences of geohazards on major roads in KG. Section seven discusses geohard design, mitigation and monitoring of geohazards and presents two examples of detailed geohazard assessment and design and construction techniques developed in other countries. Sections eight and nine present the conclusions and recommendations arising from the study. References are listed in section ten.
Improving the Management of Secondary and Tertiary Roads in the South East Europe Countries
(Washington, DC, 2008-02) World Bank
The importance of the tertiary road sector in contributing to economic development and poverty alleviation efforts cannot be understated. In Albania, forty-nine percent of rural producers have stated that a lack of adequate transportation, primarily good roads, was their biggest marketing problem. In Bosnia and Herzegovina, there is discontent about the quality of the regional and tertiary roads, with complaints about the low quality of roads foremost amongst all public services. In Former Yugoslav Republic (FYR) Macedonia, a recent survey has revealed tertiary roads to rank among the top three capital investment priorities in two-thirds of surveyed municipalities twelve percent listing as first priority, twenty-three percent as second priority and thirty-one percent as the third priority. Other studies have supported these findings but also report positive differences in school enrolment, and frequency in use of health services, between areas with and without all-weather roads. The best model of financing for tertiary (rural) roads is highly dependent on a particular country. The key to setting a policy framework for managing road networks is the realization that with constrained funding and specified target standards, there will be a finite limit to the size of the road network that can be maintained. By setting target standards and budget limits, road authorities effectively define the extent of road networks that can be maintained on a sustainable basis. Efforts should be made to increase options for local governments' own revenue sourcing and increase support from the central government in financing of maintenance operations.