October 2022 FY 2022 Kosovo Country Opinion Survey Report ECR Business Intelligence Team Acknowledgements The Kosovo Country Opinion Survey is part of the County Opinion Survey Program series of the World Bank Group. This report was prepared by the Business Intelligence (BI) team, led by José De Buerba (Senior External Affairs Officer). Yulia Danilina, Jessica Cameron, Nan Lin, and Sofya Gubaydullina oversaw design, reporting, and analysis. Dania Mendoza, Noreen Wambui, and Irina Popova provided data support. BI acknowledges the significant contribution from the Kosovo country team and independent fielding agency UBO Consulting. In particular, BI is grateful for the support from Lundrim Aliu (External Affairs Officer) who coordinated the survey related activities from Pristina, Kosovo. Contents Objectives Overall Context Overall Attitudes Toward the World Bank Group World Bank Group’s Support in Development Areas World Bank Group’s Work and Engagement on the Ground World Bank Group’s Knowledge and Instruments The Future Role of the WBG in Kosovo Communication and Outreach Demographics of the Sample Methodology 3 Objectives This survey was designed to assist the World Bank Group (WBG) in gaining a better understanding of how stakeholders in Kosovo perceive the WBG. The survey explored the following questions: 1. What opinion do key stakeholders have of the WBG when it comes to its effectiveness, relevance, alignment with Kosovo’s development priorities, and other key indicators? Are opinions improving or declining? 2. What areas of development are perceived to be the most important? Have the priorities changed over the past three years? 3. How the WBG is perceived as a development partner? Are opinions improving or declining? 4. What do key stakeholder value the most, and the least when it comes to the WBGs work at the country level? What are the priorities looking forward? 5. What opinion do key stakeholders have of the WBG knowledge products and their quality? Are opinions improving or declining? 6. What are the preferred communication channels and which channels are reported to be used the most? Are there differences among stakeholder groups in terms of preferred channels? 4 Overall Context 5 Country direction and economic opportunity In FY’ 22, stakeholders are slightly more, however not significantly, optimistic about their country’s direction, while they are split over whether economic opportunity is increasing Country direction Perceptions of economic opportunity 2016 ---------------- 2022 48% 53% The right direction Increasing 33% 37% 7% The wrong Decreasing 17% direction 40% 28% Not sure 29% Staying about the same n=101 n=123 A1. In general, would you say that Kosovo is headed in ... ? Q A2. Do you think that economic opportunity for citizens in Kosovo is … ? 6 Familiarity with the World Bank Group Mean Familiarity Rating Year comparison: Respondents in this year’s 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Country Survey had statistically similar levels of familiarity with the World Bank compared to FY’ All Respondents 16 (FY’ 22 mean = 6.6; FY’ 16 mean = 6.7) Employee of a Collaboration: Respondents who collaborate Ministry/PMU/Consultant with the WBG also reported significantly higher Office of the President/Prime levels of familiarity with the work of the World Minister/Minister/Parliamentarian Bank compared to respondents who do not Other government insitutions collaborate: mean familiarity, WB collaborators = 7.4; Other (includes Media) non-collaborators = 5.5). Bilateral/Multilateral Agency Private Sector/Financial Sector Local Government CSO Academia/Research Institute/Think Tank B1. How familiar are you with the work of these organizations in Kosovo? Q B1_1: The World Bank (IDA) 7 Scale: 1-10 (1: Not familiar at all – 10: Extremely familiar) Development Priorities Percentage of Respondents (N=124) Vs FY’16 Education 63% +29 Education remains top of mind for respondents – Economic growth 52% +30 it was also a top development priority in FY’ 16 Health 45% +25 Energy 37% +18 Economic growth, Health, and Energy grew in Job creation/employment 36% prominence in FY’ 22, with twice as many +9 respondents selecting them among the top Private sector development 34% +7 development priorities in Kosovo Public sector governance/reform 24% -9 Anti-corruption 21% +6 Public sector governance/reform, a second Information and communications technology 19% +14 most important priority in FY’ 16, has waned Agriculture and rural development 14% significantly by FY’ 22, although it is still among Poverty reduction 13% the top for one-fourth of the respondents Gender equity 12% Natural resource management 10% Of note is the increased importance of Environment 10% information and communication technology to Trade and exports* 10% *39% of respondents from the respondents in FY’ 22 Social protection 10% private sector/financial sector selected this priority Overall macro fiscal sustainability 10% Regional integration 9% Local governance and institutions 6% IMPORTANT: The overall increase in percentages Equality of opportunity 6% in the chart is partially attributable to the change in Water and sanitation 4% the methodology: In FY’ 16, respondents were Climate change 3% offered to select up to three priorities, while in FY’ Social cohesion 3% *denotes statistical significance 22 – up to five. National debt 2% Financial markets 2% Response to the COVID-19 pandemic 2% A3. Please identify which of the following development priorities you Q consider the most important in Kosovo. (Choose no more than 5) 8 Trust in Institutions Mean Trust Rating 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 WBG, along with the IMF, are the most trusted international organizations in Kosovo among those 6.8 studied. It should be noted that even top-trusted 6.7 institutions get only moderate ratings of trust from the respondents, the highest mean being 6.8 on a 6.7 10-point scale. 6.5 Notably, respondents report rather lower trust in 6.2 the UN as a hole. 6.0 5.7 5.6 5.4 5.4 5.4 5.2 4.6 4.5 4.5 3.8 A5. To what extent do you trust each of the following groups to do what is right? Q Scale: 1-10 (1: To no degree at all – 10: To a very significant degree) 9 Attribution of Failure and sources of Fragility Inadequate capacity in the government (47%) is the main reason for failed reforms in Kosovo and weak institutional capacity (41%) is the main source of fragility in the country, according to the respondents. Percentage of Respondents (N=124) Percentage of Respondents (N=116) Inadequate level of capacity in the government 47% Weak institutional capacity 41% Reforms are not well thought out in light of country challenges 35% Weak accountability 32% Political pressures and obstacles 29% Political uncertainty 21% Inadequate level of government accountability 19% Policy inconsistency 19% Corruption* 17% *38% of respondents from High levels of corruption 19% Academia, and from Other Inadequate level of citizen/civil society organizations, including media 11% Low levels of economic inclusion 14% participation selected this option *50% of respondents from Inter-ethnic relations and instability 8% Lack of access to development finance* 11% Academia selected this option Inadequate funding 7% Regional conflict and tensions 9% Inadequate level of donor coordination 4% None. I do not consider Kosovo a fragile state. 9% Inadequate level of private sector participation 4% Weak social cohesion 5% Private sector involvement and/or influence 3% Low levels of political inclusion 4% Other 2% Lack of security (i.e., conflict and violence) 3% *denotes statistical Other 1% significance A4. When economic and/or social reform efforts fail or are slow to A6. When considering the characteristics of a fragile state, please Q take place in Kosovo, which of the following would you attribute this identify which of the following best illustrate fragility in Kosovo. 10 to? (Choose no more than 2) (Choose no more than 2) Overall Attitudes toward the World Bank Group 11 Key Performance Indicators In FY’ 22, responses to the key indicator questions were similar to FY’ 16, with only slight non-significant increases in the percentages of respondents who gave high rankings (8, 9, or 10 on a 10-point scale). Diff in % high vs FY’ FY’ 22 % of respondents 16 Mean Effectiveness 31 28 41 Relevance 32 27 41 Alignment 32 28 40 Achieving Results 30 34 36 Influence 31 37 31 Low (1-5) Neutral (6-7) High (8-10) B4_1 Overall, please rate your impression of the effectiveness of these organizations in Kosovo. The World Bank (IDA), Scale: 1-10 (1: Not effective at all – 10: Very effective) B2 Overall, the World Bank Group currently plays a relevant role in development in Kosovo, Scale: 1-10 (1: Strongly disagree – 10: Strongly agree) B3 The World Bank Group’s work is aligned with what I consider the development priorities for Kosovo, Scale: 1 -10 (1: Strongly disagree – 10: Strongly agree) Q B5 To what extent does the World Bank Group’s work help to achieve development results in Kosovo? Scale: 1 -10 (1: To no degree at all– 10: To a very significant degree) 12 B6 To what extent does the World Bank Group influence the development agenda in Kosovo? Scale: 1-10 (1: To no degree at all– 10: To a very significant degree) Greatest Value % of Respondents (N=114) Vs FY’16 Capacity development (39%) and financial Capacity development supported through WBG resources (38%) are the most highly valued financed projects 39% +12 activities of the WBG in Kosovo, according to the Financial resources 38% -8 respondents. The importance of capacity development has Policy advice, studies, analyses 30% increased by 12 percentage points (pp), compared to FY’ 16; at the same time, financial resources, Technical assistance 18% while still very valuable, are not so prominent this year (-8 pp compared to FY’ 16). Implementation support 18% *50% of respondents from Notably, respondents say that low capacity in the Data and statistics* 15% Bilateral/Multilateral government and in the institutions is the main reason organizations selected this option for failed reforms in Kosovo and the top source of Mobilizing third party financial resources 14% fragility in the country. Promoting knowledge sharing 6% Donor coordination 6% Bringing together different groups of stakeholders 3% *denotes statistical Other 2% significance Q B8. When thinking about the World Bank Group’s role in Kosovo, which activity do you VALUE the most? (Choose no more than 2) 13 Greatest Weakness % of Respondents (N=108) Vs FY’16 More respondents in FY’ 22 say that “Not enough Not enough public disclosure of its work 23% +8 public disclosure of its work” (23%) is one of the WBG’s main weaknesses, along with its processes WBG’s processes too slow and complex 23% being to slow and complex (23%). Not adequately sensitive to political/social realities in Kosovo 14% Don’t know 14% Not willing to honestly criticize policies and reform efforts in the country 11% Not sufficiently focused on sustainable results 11% *33% of respondents from Not collaborating enough with civil society* 11% CSOs selected this option Not adequately flexible 10% Too influenced by developed countries 10% *42% of respondents from Not collaborating enough with private sector* 10% Private sector/financial sector selected this option Not aligned with country priorities 6% Inadequate WBG’s staffing in Kosovo 5% Not collaborating enough with partners such as bilaterals, multilaterals, trust funds, UN 4% Not focused enough on issues that are unique to post-conflict countries 4% Other 4% Arrogant in its approach 3% *denotes statistical Staff too inaccessible 2% significance B9. Which of the following do you identify as the World Bank Group’s Q greatest WEAKNESSES in its work in Kosovo? (Choose no more than 2) 14 Staff preparedness and WBG staffing in Kosovo Mean Rating 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 In FY’ 22, there is a significant gap (1.1 point) between the perceptions of staff preparedness in Staff preparedness 7.2 7.1 terms of skills and knowledge and the perceived adequacy of staffing in Kosovo, which has dropped significantly compared to FY’ 16. Adequately staffed in Kosovo* 6.8 6.0 FY16 FY22 *denotes statistical significance C1. To what extent do you believe the World Bank Group’s staff is well prepared (e.g., skills mix and knowledge) to help Kos ovo solve its most complicated Q development challenges?, Scale: 1-10 (1: To no degree at all – 10: To a very significant degree) 15 C2. To what extent do you believe the World Bank Group is adequately staffed in Kosovo?, Scale: 1-10 (1: To no degree at all – 10: To a very significant degree) Overall Ratings for Indicator Questions by Stakeholder Groups Respondents across stakeholder groups gave Mean Ratings for All Indicator Questions by statistically similar rankings for the twenty-five Stakeholder Groups on a Scale from 1 to 10 COS indicator questions about the WBG’s performance in Kosovo. Mean Rating 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 All Stakeholder Groups 6.5 Collaboration: Respondents who collaborate with the WBG had significantly higher mean ratings for Bilateral/Multilateral Agency 7.0 the aggregated responses to those same indicator questions (mean rating = 6.8*) compared to Local Government 6.9 respondents who do not collaborate with the WBG (mean rating = 6.1*). Academia/Research Institute/Think 6.8 Tank Employee of a 6.8 Ministry/PMU/Consultant Other government insitutions 6.6 Office of the President/Prime 6.5 Minister/Minister/Parliamentarian Other 6.1 CSO 6.0 Private Sector/Financial Sector 5.8 Q 16 World Bank Group’s Support in Development Areas 17 Effectiveness of WBG’s Support in Sectoral Areas There were no statistically significant differences between FY’ 22 and FY’ 16 rankings for the WBG’s effectiveness in comparable sectoral areas. WBG’s response to COVID-19 pandemic received the highest rankings (mean = 6.9) Mean Effectiveness Rating Mean Effectiveness Rating (continued) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Response to the COVID-19 pandemic Poverty reduction 6.9 6.9 6.1 Gender equity 6.3 Agriculture and rural development 6.8 6.0 Strengthening of the Financial sector Private sector development 6.7 6.7 6.0 Competitiveness and export readiness Education system improvement 6.4 6.6 6.0 5.4 Digital development 6.5 Climate change 5.9 FY 2016 Economic growth 6.4 6.4 6.5 Trade and exports 5.9 Water security and canal protection FY 2022 5.8 6.4 Regional integration 5.9 Environment 6.7 Job creation/employment 6.1 6.3 5.8 Energy efficiency / renewable energy: Geospatial infrastructure wind, solar, hydro and biomass 6.3 development 5.8 Public sector governance/reform 6.8 Transport 6.3 6.3 5.8 Health 6.1 6.2 Land Management/Cadaster 5.7 Equality of opportunity 6.3 6.3 6.2 Natural resource management 5.4 Social protection 6.0 6.0 6.2 Anti-corruption 5.4 D1. How EFFECTIVE do you believe the World Bank Group is in terms of the work it does in the following areas of development in Kosovo? (If you have NO Q exposure to/experience in working in any of the sectors listed below, please respond “Don’t know”), Scale: 1 -10 (1: Not effective at all – 10: Very effective) 18 Perceived extent of help to the poorest people Stakeholders are split over whether the WBG Percentage of Respondents Vs FY’16 (FY 2022 N=114; FY 2016 N=105) supports enough the poorest people in Kosovo, with just under half (46%) thinking it does so to a 4% 0 To a fully sufficient degree sufficient degree, a 10 pp increase compared to FY’ 16. To a somewhat sufficient 46% +10 degree To a somewhat insufficient 21% -21 degree 10% +2 To a very insufficient degree 19% +8 Don’t know Mean Rating 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Support for Systems: To develop better and stronger data collection/ analytics systems within the 6.6 Government To build stronger domestic resource mobilization systems in the Government 6.1 (e.g., tax collection) B7. To what extent do you believe that the World Bank Group’s work and support help the poorest in Kosovo? (Select only 1 response) Q D2. How effectively does the World Bank Group support Kosovo’s efforts … ? Scale: 1-10 (1: Not effectively at all – 10: Very effectively) 19 World Bank Group’s Work and Engagement on the Ground 20 The WBG as a Development Partner Mean Level of Agreement 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 The WBG is seen as a long-term partner in Kosovo Being a long-term partner 8.0 7.4 that collaborates well with the government and other donors and development partners. While the ratings Collaboration with the Government 7.7 7.2 for these aspects have somewhat decreased in FY’ Collaboration with other donors and 7.0 22, the change was not significant. development partners 7.2 In FY’ 22, the institution received the lowest rating Treating clients and stakeholders in 7.0 7.6 Kosovo with respect for its collaboration with the private sector. Notably, six in ten respondents say the WBG should Openness (sharing data and other 6.8 information) 7.0 collaborate more with the private sector in Kosovo. Access to WBG staff and experts 7.2 6.7 There was a significant decline in the perceptions of the WBG’s straightforwardness and honesty (-1.5 Responsiveness to needs 6.1 6.7 points compared to FY’ 16) Flexibility when circumstances change 6.0 6.4 Being inclusive 6.0 6.3 Straightforwardness and honesty* 7.6 6.1 Collaboration with civil society 6.5 5.9 Collaboration with the private sector 6.3 5.8 FY 2016 FY 2022 *denotes statistical significance Q C3:C14. To what extent is the World Bank Group an effective development partner in Kosovo, in terms of each of the following?, Scale: 1-10 (1: To no degree at all – 10: To a very significant degree) 21 The WBG as a Development Partner Mean Level of Agreement 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Respondents tend to give higher rankings of the WBG’s contribution to increasing Kosovo’s Working with the World Bank Group 7.3 institutional capacity (mean = 7.5), for its effective increases Kosovo’s institutional capacity 7.5 measurement of results, and for its insistence on The World Bank Group measures results accountability (mean = 7.4). effectively 7.4 In FY’ 22, there was a significant drop in the rankings The World Bank Group insists on for the timeliness of approvals and reviews (-1.4 accountability through its lending 7.4 points) and for the speed of decision making (-0.8 The World Bank Group disburses funds 5.5 points). promptly* 7.0 The WBG receives consistently lower rankings (less The World Bank Group’s Environmental 6.7 than 6 out of 10) for its financial instruments’ and Social Framework requirements are 6.8 reasonable meeting the needs of Kosovo. The World Bank Group’s conditions on its 7.3 lending are reasonable 6.7 The World Bank Group’s financial 5.9 instruments meet the needs of Kosovo 5.8 The World Bank Group’s approvals and 7.1 reviews are done in a timely fashion* 5.7 The World Bank Group takes decisions 6.0 quickly in Kosovo* 5.2 FY 2016 FY 2022 *denotes statistical significance C15:C22. To what extent do you agree/disagree with the following statements?, Scale: 1-10 (1: Strongly disagree– 10: Strongly agree) Q C23. To what extent do you agree/disagree with the following statements about the World Bank Group in Kosovo? 22 Scale: 1-10 (1: Strongly disagree– 10: Strongly agree) World Bank Group’s Knowledge work and Activities 23 WBG’s knowledge work: key indicators Respondents consistently give the highest rankings for the technical quality of the WBG’s knowledge products and for their contribution to development results in the country, but significantly lower rankings when it comes to meeting the knowledge needs, which suggests that there is a demand for the WBG’s knowledge work in the country. Mean Rating 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Technical quality of the WBG's knowledge work 7.8 and activities 7.6 Contribution of the WBG's knowledge work and 7.3 activities to development results in Kosovo 7.2 6.9 Meeting Kosovo’s needs for knowledge services* 6.1 FY 2016 FY 2022 *denotes statistical significance C24. To what extent do you agree/disagree with the following statements about the World Bank Group in Kosovo? The World Bank Group meets Kosovo’s needs for knowledge services (e.g., research, analysis, data, technical assistance), Scale: 1-10 (1: Strongly disagree – 10: Strongly agree) Q E8. Overall, how significant a contribution do you believe the World Bank Group's knowledge work and activities make to development results in your country?, Scale: 1-10 (1: Not significant at all– 10: Very significant) E9. Overall, how would you rate the technical quality of the World Bank Group's knowledge work and activities?, Scale: 1-10 (1: Very low technical quality– 10: 24 Very high technical quality) Attributes of the WBG’s knowledge work Similar to FY’ 16, the WBG received the Mean Rating 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 highest rating for its knowledge products being a source of relevant information on global Are source of relevant information on global 7.6 good practices (mean=7.2), but somewhat good practices 7.2 lower ratings for its work being adequately disseminated (mean=6.2), with the letter one 7.2 Are translated enough into local language significantly decreasing compared to FY’ 16. 7.0 The rankings were statistically similar across all stakeholder groups. Are adaptable to Kosovo’s specific development challenges and country 6.6 6.6 circumstances Are timely 6.5 6.5 Include appropriate level of stakeholder 6.4 involvement during preparation 6.4 Are adequately disseminated* 7.2 6.2 FY 2016 FY 2022 *denotes statistical significance E2-E7. In Kosovo, to what extent do you believe that the World Bank Group’s knowledge work and activities:, Q Scale: 1-10 (1: To no degree at all – 10: To a very significant degree) 25 Frequency of use and most useful types of knowledge work % of Respondents (N=89) Reports, studies and analyses (39%), along with Reports/studies/analyses 39% the policy advice (38%) are the most useful types Policy advice 38% of the WBG’s knowledge work and activities, according to the respondents. The WBG’s convening Convening/facilitating 30% and facilitating is also considered important by just Linkage to non-Bank expertise (i.e., under one-third of the respondents (30%). South-South knowledge sharing) 18% *64% of respondents from Data* 18% CSOs selected this option Training/capacity building 15% Technical assistance 14% *denotes statistical Other 6% significance Percentage of Respondents (FY 2022 N=90) Vs FY’16 Weekly 16% +2 Monthly 18% +5 A few times a year 33% -13 Rarely 21% -3 Never 12% +9 E10. What type of World Bank Group's knowledge work and activities do you find most useful for your work? (Choose no more than 2) Q E1. How frequently do you consult World Bank Group’s knowledge work and activities in the work you do? 26 The Future Role of the World Bank Group in Kosovo 27 Areas the WBG should prioritize with its resources In FY’ 22, over half of the respondents (53%) Percentage of Respondents (N=192) thought the WBG should prioritize education sector Education 53% in Kosovo. Education was also a top development Economic growth 37% priority in the country, according to the respondents Health 35% (63%). Energy 33% Public sector governance/reform 28% Other top focus areas for the WBG -- economic Private sector development 28% growth, health, and energy -- were also in full Job creation/employment 23% Agriculture and rural development 18% alignment with the perceived top development Overall macro fiscal sustainability 17% priorities in the country. Social protection 15% Poverty reduction 14% Local governance and institutions 14% Anti-corruption 14% Information and communications technology 14% Environment 13% Natural resource management 13% Water and sanitation 11% Trade and exports 10% Equality of opportunity (i.e., social inclusion) 10% Financial markets 9% Gender equity 8% Regional integration 6% Social cohesion 6% Climate change 5% National debt 2% B10. When thinking about how the World Bank Group can have the most impact on development results in Q Kosovo, which sectors do you believe the World Bank Group should prioritize with its resources (financial and 28 knowledge services) in Kosovo? (Choose no more than 5) Making the WBG of Greater Value A plurality of respondents (45%) say that, to make % of Respondents (N=86) Vs FY’16 itself of greater value in Kosovo, the WBG should Increase the level of capacity development in the country 45% +17 increase the level of capacity development in the country. Capacity development is also the area of Engage more effectively with private sector 28% the WBG’s work that respondents value the most Improve the quality of its experts as related to Kosovo’s specific challenges 22% (39%), along with financial resources (38%). Offer more innovative financial products and services 21% Collaborate more effectively with Government 21% IMPORTANT: The reported increase in the clients percentage compared to FY’ 16 is partially Engage more effectively with civil society* 20% *86% of respondents from CSOs selected this option attributable to the change in the methodology: In FY’ Offer more innovative knowledge products 16, respondents were offered to select up to two and services 20% options, while in FY’ 22 – up to three. However, in Increase the level of WBG staffing in Kosovo’s FY’ 16, capacity development was also a top focus office 20% area (28%). Engage more directly with beneficiaries 19% Help to bring discipline/effective supervision to implementation of WBG projects 13% Provide more adequate data/knowledge/ statistics/figures on Kosovo’s economy 13% Work faster* 12% Engage more effectively with partners such as bilaterals, multilaterals, trust funds, UN 12% *denotes statistical Ensure greater selectivity in its work* 2% significance Other 1% F1. Which of the following SHOULD the World Bank Group do to make itself of Q greater value in Kosovo? (Choose no more than 3) 29 Areas where the WBG should lead % of Respondents (N=86) Human capital (42%), followed by building capacity of state institutions (38%), private sector (36%), Human capital 42% and jobs (33%) were the areas where, according to Building capacity of state institutions 38% respondents, the WBG should be playing a leading role among international partners in Kosovo. Private sector 36% Jobs 33% Public financial management 21% Information and communications technology 20% Support domestic resource mobilization 17% Environment protection/management of natural resources 17% Social cohesion 9% Access to basic services 9% Crisis preparedness 8% Crisis response 8% Reducing gender-based violence 6% Conflict resolution mechanisms 6% Access to justice systems 3% Food security 1% F3. Which THREE areas below would benefit most from the World Bank Group playing a Q leading role among international partners in Kosovo? (Choose no more than 3) 30 Focus of the WBG’s knowledge work % of Respondents (N=89) Education (40%) and energy (29%) were the top areas where respondents would like the WBG to Education 40% focus its knowledge work. Energy (including renewable energy: wind, solar, hydro and biomass)* 29% *67% of respondents from Academia selected this These areas were also top development priorities for option Private sector/business environment 21% respondents (education – 63%, energy – 37%) and sectors where they would like the WBG to focus its Health 20% recourses (education – 53%, energy – 33%) Jobs 17% Labor market 13% Agriculture 11% Environment 10% Financial sector 10% Water 9% Macroeconomics and fiscal management 6% Poverty 4% *denotes statistical Trade 4% significance E11. When thinking about the development challenges in Kosovo, where do you believe it would be most valuable for the World Bank Q to focus its knowledge work and activities in the next few years? (Choose no more than 2) 31 The WBG Should Collaborate More with … % of Respondents (N=86) Vs FY’16 Six in ten respondents say the WBG should *100% of respondents from collaborate more with the private sector in Kosovo. Private sector* 60% +12 Private sector / financial sector selected this option Local government* 38% +15 *83% of respondents from Local government selected IMPORTANT: The overall increase in the reported Youth/Student groups 30% +21 this option percentages compared to FY’ 16 is partially attributable to the change in the methodology: in FY’ Beneficiaries 28% +5 16, respondents were offered to select up to two Academia 28% +18 groups, while in FY’ 22 – up to three. However, in FY’ 16 private sector(48%) was also the top group, NGOs/CBOs* *100% of respondents from 27% +16 CSOs selected this option which, according to respondents, the WBG should collaborate more with in Kosovo. Donor community 21% -2 Regional organizations 13% +5 Media* *75% of respondents from 12% +9 Other organizations, including media, selected Parliament 12% this option -3 UN agencies 3% -1 Don’t know 2% *denotes statistical Other 1% significance F2. In addition to the regular relations with the national government, which THREE of the following groups should the World Bank Group Q collaborate with more in your country? (Choose no more than 3) 32 Communication and Outreach 33 General Information Sources % of Respondents (N=87) Social media (e.g., Facebook, Twitter, Respondents report using a variety of news YouTube, Telegram, TikTok) 52% sources, but a majority (52%) uses social media. Local television 38% Local television (38%) and websites/apps of Websites/apps of local newspapers/magazines 34% local newspapers/magazines (34%) are also used by over one-third of the respondents Websites/apps of local TV 23% Websites/apps of international newspapers/ There were no significant differences among magazines 21% stakeholder groups, with one exception of the International television* 18% respondents from the media and other organizations who were more likely to use Websites/apps of international TV 18% international television as their main source of news (75%). International radio news programs or bulletins 8% Websites/apps of local radio companies 8% Printed international newspapers 7% Printed local periodicals 7% Printed international periodicals 7% Local radio news programs or bulletins 6% Printed local newspapers 6% Websites/apps of international radio companies 3% *denotes statistical Blogs 3% significance G1. Which would you say are your MAIN sources of news about economic and Other 2% Q social development issues in Kosovo? (Choose no more than 3) 34 General Information Sources % of Respondents (N=86) Respondents were split over the ways they prefer World Bank Group’s seminars/workshops/ 51% to receive information from the WBG, with just conferences* over half giving preference to the WBG’s World Bank Group’s publications and other 38% seminars, workshops, and conferences (51%). written materials World Bank Group’s website 38% Respondents from independent government institutions and state-owned enterprises (91%, World Bank Group’s social media 34% combined as “Other Government Institutions”) were the most likely to say that they prefer WBG’s Direct contact with World Bank Group (i.e., 34% seminars, workshops, and conferences. At the face to face meetings/discussions) same time, no respondents from the office of the e-Newsletters 23% President, Prime Minister, minister, or parliamentarian have selected this option. Their Interviews and press conferences for the 16% preference was direct contact, as well as Kosovo’s media webinars. Webinars or online events hosted by the 15% World Bank Group *denotes statistical World Bank Group’s blogs 9% significance Percentage of Respondents (N=87) While the majority (76%) uses a computer/laptop to access Computer/laptop 76% WBG’s websites, 18 percent use mobile connection. Respondents from the local government were the least likely Mobile 18% to use computer (33%) and most likely to use either mobile connection (42%), or never visit the WBG’s website (25%). I never visit the WBG 12% websites G2. How would you prefer to obtain information about the World Bank Group and its work? (Choose no more than 3) Q G3. What do you use primarily when visiting a World Bank Group website? (Select only 1 response) 35 Frequency of Specific WBG Interactions Press coverage in the local / global media and WBG’s research are the most frequent information sources on WBG. Every few days Every few weeks Every few months Not at all Read, viewed or heard a story about the 5% 18% 54% 23% WBG in local media (n=79) Visited a WBG website (n=74) 3% 22% 51% 24% Read, viewed or heard a story about the 3% 24% 49% 25% WBG in global media (n=76) Read some or all of a WBG research 1% 11% 61% 27% paper or publication (n=75) Met professionally with WBG staff (n=77) 5% 10% 53% 31% Attended an event/conference hosted by 5% 53% 41% the WBG (n=75) Interacted with the WBG on Social Media 5% 21% 30% 43% (n=76) Read a WBG e-newsletter (n=74) 8% 42% 50% Watched a webinar or online event 5% 45% 50% hosted by the WBG (n=74) Q G4. Over the past SIX MONTHS, on average how often did you do any of the following related to the World Bank Group (WBG)? 36 Demographics of the Sample 37 Respondent profile 1 Current affiliation Note that for further analyses, some respondent % of Respondents (N=124) groups were combined (for details in the NGO/Community Based Organization 14% Methodology section). Local Government Office or Staff 12% Employee of Ministry, Ministerial Department, 11% Implementation Agency PMU/Consultant/Contractor 10% Independent Government Institution 8% Private Sector Organization 8% Academia/Research Institute/Think Tank 6% Collaboration with the WBG n=124 Bilateral Agency 6% Multilateral Agency 5% Office of a Minister 4% Media 4% Yes 41% Office of the President, Prime Minister 2% State-Owned Enterprise 2% 59% No Financial Sector/Private Bank 2% Other 2% Office of a member of Parliament/Legislative 1% body Professional/Trade association 1% Q1. Which of the following best describes your current affiliation? (Select only 1 response) Q Q2. Currently, do you professionally collaborate/work with the World Bank Group (IDA, IFC, MIGA, ICSID) in your country? 38 Respondent profile 2 Gender n=88 Specialization n=87 % of Respondents Education 11% 28% Other 10% Female Finance and markets 9% Generalist (specialized in multiple sectors) 9% Male Governance, anti-corruption 8% 72% Macroeconomics, fiscal management 7% Social protection 7% Communications, public affairs 7% Institutions n=73 Jobs 6% Energy 5% The World Bank (IDA) 88% The World Bank Water, sanitation 5% (IDA) Digital development and technology (ICT) 5% IFC 11% IFC Health, nutrition 3% Environment, natural resources 2% ICSID 1% ICSID Agriculture, rural development 2% Trade and competitiveness 2% Urban development 1% H2. What’s your gender? Q Q4. Which of the following agencies of the World Bank Group do you primarily collaborate/work with in Kosovo? (Select only ONE response) 39 H1. Please identify the primary specialization of your work. (Select only 1 response) Respondent profile 3 Seniority n=86 Age n=88 25 and under 0% 23% Mid-level staff 26-35 20% 47% 36-45 34% Mid-level decision- maker/manager 46-55 38% 30% Senior level 56 and above 8% Location n=86 Pristina 67% A city other than Pristina 26% A village 7% H3. Within your organization, would you describe yourself as …. Q H4. What’s your age? 40 H5. Which best represents your geographic location? Methodology 41 Methodology From July to August 2022, 297 stakeholders of the WBG in Kosovo were invited to provide their opinions on the WBG’s work in the country by participating in a Country Opinion Survey. Participants were drawn from the Office of the President, Prime Minister; office of a minister; office of a member of parliament/legislative body; ministries, ministerial departments, and implementation agencies; project management units (PMUs) overseeing implementation of WBG projects; consultants and contractors working on WBG- supported projects and programs; local governments; independent government institutions; the judicial system; state-owned enterprises; bilateral and multilateral agencies; private sector organizations; the financial sector and private banks; private foundations; NGOs and community based organizations; professional and trade associations; faith-based groups; youth groups; from the academia, research institutes, and think tanks; from the media and other organizations. A total of 124 stakeholders participated in the survey (42% response rate). Respondents completed the questionnaire via an online platform. Note that there were no responses from the judicial system, from private foundations, faith-based groups, and youth groups. Every country that engages in the Country Opinion Survey (COS) must include specific indicator questions that will be aggregated for the World Bank Group’s annual Corporate Scorecard (please refer to the Indicator questions section of this report. 42 Year comparison The results in this year’s Country Survey were % of Respondents FY 2016 FY2022 compared to those in the Country Survey conducted High-level government offices: Office of in FY’ 16 (response rate was 44%, N=105). the President, Office of Prime Minister, 20% 7% Office of a Minister, Office of a member of Comparing responses across Country Surveys reflect Parliament / legislative body changes in attitudes over time, but also changes in Government Institutions: employees of respondent samples and changes to the survey ministries, project management units instrument itself. To reduce the influence of the latter (PMUs)/consultants on WBG-supported 37% 32% factor, only those questions with similar response projects, independent government scales/options were analyzed. institutions, the judiciary, and state-owned enterprises) The distribution of respondent samples from the FY’16 Local government 2% 12% and FY’22 Country Surveys used in the year comparisons analyses are listed in the table on the right. Bilateral/multilateral agency: embassy, This year’s survey saw an increased outreach to and diplomatic, military, UN, regional 5% 10% development bank response from local governments and bilateral/multilateral agencies, but a decrease in Civil Society Organizations (SCO): NGOs/community-based organizations, responding from high-level government offices. These private foundations, faith-based groups, 15% 15% differences in stakeholder composition among survey professional/trade associations, and youth respondents need to be taken into account when groups interpreting the results of the past-year comparison Private Sector: private sector analyses. organizations and financial sector/private 6% 10% banks Academia/Research Institute/Think Tank 2% 6% Media 2% 4% Other 9% 2% Total Number of Respondents 105 124 43 Statistical analysis To analyze responses by stakeholder groups, responses Groups n % to the question “Which of the following best describes your current affiliation?” were re-grouped and recoded Office of the President, Prime Minister/ Minister / Parliamentarian – Includes into nine groups (please see the table to the right). respondents from the three high-level 9 7% government offices Scale bucketing: Employee of a Ministry / PMU / Consultant When mentioning Low, Neutral, and High in scales – includes employees of ministries and throughout the report: 1-5 is low, 6-7 is neutral and 8-10 respondents from project management units 27 22% is high. (PMUs) / consultants on WBG-supported projects Statistical significance: Local government 15 12% Significant differences between the FY’ 16 and FY’ 22 Other government institutions: includes data, as well as among different stakeholder groups are independent government institutions and state- 13 10% marked with an asterisk. owned enterprises Significance is measured at p-value of .05 Bilateral / Multilateral agency 13 10% Private Sector: includes private sector organizations and financial sector/private 13 10% banks CSO: NGOs/community-based organizations 18 15% and professional/trade associations Academia/Research Institute/Think Tank 8 6% Other: Includes respondents from the Media 8 6% and Other organizations Total 124 100% 44 Indicator questions A5_3. To what extent do you trust the World Bank Group to do what is right? Scale: 1-10 (1: To no degree at all – 10: To a very significant degree) B2. Overall, the World Bank Group currently plays a relevant role in development in Kosovo, Scale: 1-10 (1: Strongly disagree – 10: Strongly agree) B3. The World Bank Group’s work is aligned with what I consider the development priorities for Kosovo, Scale: 1-10 (1: Strongly disagree – 10: Strongly agree) B4_1 and B4_2. Overall, please rate your impression of the effectiveness of these organizations in Kosovo. The World Bank (IDA), The International Finance Corporation (IFC), the World Bank Group’s private sector arm, Scale: 1-10 (1: Not effective at all – 10: Very effective) B5. To what extent does the World Bank Group’s work help to achieve development results in Kosovo? Scale: 1-10 (1: To no degree at all– 10: To a very significant degree) B6. To what extent does the World Bank Group influence the development agenda in Kosovo? Scale: 1-10 (1: To no degree at all– 10: To a very significant degree) C3:C14. To what extent is the World Bank Group an effective development partner in Kosovo, in terms of each of the following? – Collaboration with the private sector, Being inclusive, Straightforwardness and honesty, Access to WBG staff and experts, Being a long-term partner, Responsiveness to needs, Collaboration with the Government, Flexibility when circumstances change, Collaboration with civil society, Treating clients and stakeholders in Kosovo with respect, Openness (sharing data and other information), Collaboration with other donors and development partners, Scale: 1-10 (1: To no degree at all – 10: To a very significant degree) C15. To what extent do you agree/disagree with the following statement? – The World Bank Group takes decisions quickly in Kosovo, Scale: 1-10 (1: Strongly disagree – 10: Strongly agree) C23:C24. To what extent do you agree/disagree with the following statements about the World Bank Group in Kosovo? – The World Bank Group’s financial instruments (i.e., investment lending, Development Policy Loan, Trust Funds, etc.) meet the needs of Kosovo, The World Bank Group meets Kosovo’s needs for knowledge services (e.g., research, analysis, data, technical assistance), Scale: 1-10 (1: Strongly disagree – 10: Strongly agree) E7. In Kosovo, to what extent do you believe that the World Bank Group’s knowledge work and activities: Are adaptable to Kosovo’s specific development challenges and country circumstances, Scale: 1-10 (1: To no degree at all– 10: To a very significant degree) E8. Overall, how significant a contribution do you believe the World Bank Group's knowledge work and activities make to development results in your country?, Scale: 1-10 (1: Not significant at all – 10: Very significant) E9. Overall, how would you rate the technical quality of the World Bank Group's knowledge work and activities? Scale: 1-10 (1: Very low technical quality – 10: Very high technical quality) Note: Corporate Scorecard questions are highlighted RED 45 Thank you.