Global Department for Social Development CHANGE - MAKERS EMPOWERING YOUTH FOR INCLUSIVE SOCIETIES Sonya M. Sultan  ·  Sabina A. Espinoza  ·  Shughla Hellali Annexes © 2024 The World Bank 1818 H Street NW, Washington DC 20433 Telephone: 202-473-1000; Internet: www.worldbank.org Some rights reserved This work is a product of The World Bank. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this work do not necessarily reflect the views of the Executive Directors of The World Bank or the governments they represent. The World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy, completeness, or currency of the data included in this work and does not assume responsibility for any errors, omissions, or discrepancies in the information, or liability with respect to the use of or failure to use the information, methods, processes, or conclusions set forth. 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Annex Change-Makers – Empowering Youth for Inclusive Societies. © World Bank.” Any queries on rights and licenses, including subsidiary rights, should be addressed to World Bank Publications, The World Bank, 1818 H Street NW, Washington, DC 20433, USA; fax: 202-522-2625; email: pubrights@worldbank.org. Cover design: Alejandro Espinoza, Sonideas. Based on a photo by © Salahudin Drik. World Bank. Further permission required for reuse. iii Change-Makers: Empowering youth for inclusive societies  Contents Abbreviations iii Annex 1. Methodology and Project Summaries 1 Methodology 1 Project summaries part 1 2 Africa 2 Eastern Europe and Central Asia 9 East Asia and Pacific 12 Latin America and Caribbean 13 Middle East and North Africa 17 South Asia 19 Project summaries part 2 21 Africa 21 Europe and Central Asia 22 East Asia and Pacific 23 Latin America and the Caribbean 24 Middle East and North Africa 25 South Asia 26 Regional programs 26 Annex 2: Social Development analytical work on youth 27 Youth employment and economic opportunities 27 Targeting marginalized and vulnerable youth 28 Youth voice and empowerment 28 Promoting peace and preventing violence 29 Influencing youth policies for broader impact & capacity building 29 Table 1: Analytical work (ASA, TA, AAA, Internal products) focusing on youth carried out by Social Development 30 Table of Cover contents iv Change-Makers: Empowering youth for inclusive societies Abbreviations Abbreviations AI Artificial Intelligence ICT Information and Communications Technology CIRCLE Center for Information and Research on Civic Learning and Engagement ID Identification Documents CIVIC Civil Society and Social Innovation IDA International Disability Alliance Alliance IDMC Internal Displacement Monitoring CV Curriculum Vitae Centre DEDF Djibouti Economic Development IDP Internally Displaced Person Fund IEG Independent Evaluation Group DYS Digital Youth Summit IFAD International Fund for Agricultural EAP East Asia and Pacific Development ECA Europe and Central Asia IMF International Monetary Fund ESF Environmental and Social IPs Indigenous Peoples Framework IPF Investment Project Financing ESS Environmental and Social Safeguard ITU International Telecommunication EU European Union Union FAO United Nations Food and Agriculture KP Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Organization LAC Latin American and Caribbean FCV Fragility, Conflict and Violence LGBT Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and FCVS Fragile, Conflict-affected and Violent Transgender Settings LGBTIQ+ Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, FI Financial Intermediary Intersex and others GBV Gender-based Violence MENA Middel East and North Africa GDS Global Disability Summit MER Ministry of Racial Equality Brazil GPSA Global Partnership for Social MSMES Micro, Small, and Medium Accountability Enterprises GRM Grievance Redress Mechanism MYAN Multicultural Youth Advocacy Network ICR Implementation Completion Report NA North Africa Table of Cover contents v Change-Makers: Empowering youth for inclusive societies Abbreviations NEET Not in Education, Employment or SWB Soccer Without Borders Training UNDESA United Nations Department of OECD Organization for Economic Economic and Social Affairs Co-operation and Development UNESCAP Economic and Social Commission OPD Organization of Persons with for Asia and the Pacific Disabilities UNFPA United Nations Population Fund PAMOJA Project for Advancing Gender UN-Habitat United Nations Human Settlements Equality in Tanzania Programme S4YE Solutions for Youth Employment UNHCR United Nations High Commissioner SAR South Asia for Refugees SME Small and Medium Enterprises UNICEF United Nations Children’s Fund SNSA Social Norms Specialized Agency UNPFII UN Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues SOGI Social Orientation and Gender Identity UNWOMEN United Nations Entity for Gender Equality and the Empowerment of SOGIESC Sexual Orientation, Gender Identity, Women Gender Expression, and Sex Characteristic VDP Village Development Plans SPJ Social Protection and Jobs WB World Bank SSA Sub-Saharan Africa WDR World Development Report STEM Science, Technology, Engineering, WHO World Health Organization and Mathematics YiA Youth in Action Table of Cover contents 1 Change-Makers: Empowering youth for inclusive societies Annex 1. Methodology and Project Summaries Methodology The review of the Social Development–led youth portfolio was conducted to identify best prac- tices and approaches with regards to youth inclusion. It considered whether the interventions described a) targeted the youth most at risk of exclusion; b) promoted multidimensional wellbeing of youth; and c) encouraged voice and agency of youth. Operations were selected based on a desk review of projects identified through the Bank opera- tions portal, followed by conversations with the project teams and search on the World Bank operations portal. The sample does not represent the entirety of Social Development’s youth-led operations. Operations funded by trust funds with investment envelopes less than $1 million were not included in the review. Nor were ASAs, some of which have involved substantive dialogue with government counterparts and analytical work. Documents reviewed included project appraisal documents (PADs), the implementation comple- tion reports (ICRs), the investment status reports (ISRs), and other documents related to the project. This was followed by consultations and interviews with the relevant Social Development task teams where possible. Operations that were targeting youth but did not mention them in their titles or Project Development Objectives (PDO) are not included. We recognize that this means many other interventions and services targeting youth may have been missed, but this review focused on projects with a specific focus on youth as reflected in the PDO title. Table of Cover contents 2 Change-Makers: Empowering youth for inclusive societies Annex 1. Methodology and Project Summaries Project summaries part 1 This section summarizes projects focused on youth that were reviewed as part of the research for the report. Africa Great Lakes Emergency Sexual and Gender Based Violence and Women’s Health Project (P147489). PDO: (a) expand the provision of services to mitigate the short- and medium-term impact of sexual and gender-based violence; and (b) expand utilization of a package of health interventions targeted to poor and vulnerable females. The project is for three countries in Africa: Burundi, Democratic Republic of Congo, and Rwanda. Beneficiaries: primarily vulnerable females, consis- ting of survivors of SGBV, and women of reproductive age. Men and children will benefit from select project activities, as survivors of SGBV, as family members of survivors, and in the case of men as agents of change. Number of youth beneficiaries are not specified. Components: 1. Holistic Support for Survivors of Sexual and Gender Based Violence and Violence Prevention; 2. High Impact Basic Health Services. 3. Regional and National Knowledge Sharing, Research, and Capacity Building. The activities to be funded under the project vary across countries and are customized to respond to the needs of each client. While all three countries aim to address SGBV, DRC and Burundi have requested Bank support for maternal and reproductive health interventions. The project aimed to use a multi-sectoral approach to address both the needs of survivors of SGBV and of other vulnerable women in the targeted communities. Youth are mentioned only in Component 2 (High Impact Basic Health Services) for Burundi: the project supports expansion of youth friendly services in health facilities and community structures. Youth indicators: Only for Burundi (youth in general, not disadvantaged): Number of youth, who benefit from reproductive health services. Lessons learned (from ICR): Partnering with experienced local NGOs and leveraging existing capabilities achieves greater results, especially in low income and fragile settings. Working with existing local leaders and community-based organizations enlarges project outreach. Reducing social and cultural barriers for SGBV survivors to access services takes time and should be internalized in project ambitions at the design stage (IDA US$106.96 million, FY14). Senegal Casamance Development Pole Project (P125506). PDO: (a) enhance the agricultural productivity of youth and female farmers for selected crops; and (b) improve transport linkages in isolated rural communities in targeted areas of the Casamance region. Beneficiaries: The proposed project targets local private sector development in Casamance. Beneficiaries include the key value-chain stakeholders: small holders, private operators (including brokers, transpor- ters, and processors), cooperatives, women’s associations, and youth groups. Components: 1: Support to agricultural production, post-harvest, and marketing for selected value-chains. 2: Rural Accessibility. 3: Project implementation and capacity building in Disarmament, Demobi- lization and Reintegration (DDR). Training modules are carried out on land management, use and maintenance of equipment, and marketing, processing and preservation of produce, and entrepreneurial skills. Women and youth entrepreneurs are supported to improve their access financial institutions and prepare business proposals. It is mentioned that the participation of youth and women is strongly promoted in the implementation of a rural roads maintenance pilot Table of Cover contents 3 Change-Makers: Empowering youth for inclusive societies Annex 1. Methodology and Project Summaries project with labor intensive methods (with no other details). Trainings to local communities, in particular women and youth groups in selected CRs, in the area of routine maintenance and basic road engineering skills to enable them to undertake routine maintenance works under the pilot initiative and to promote their involvement in maintenance works. Indicators: number of women and youth groups provided with equipment and input packages (IDA US$40 million, FY14). Reinsertion and Reintegration Project DRC (P152903). PDO: to support the socio-economic reintegration of demobilized ex-combatants. Beneficiaries: demobilized ex-combatants (about 4700 - the estimates are for the target adult ex-combatants); in addition, support was provided to households of ex-combatants and specialized services is offered to vulnerable groups inclu- ding female, children, and chronically ill/disabled ex-combatants. Components: 1. Reinsertion; 2. Reintegration; 3. Support to Demobilized Ex-combatants’ Households; 4. Support to Vulnerable Groups. 5. Project Management, Sensitization, and M&E. Reinsertion activities included liveli- hoods/career guidance, counselling; holistic combination of trainings (literacy and numeracy training; entrepreneurship, small business, and financial literacy training; vocational training); targeted psycho-social support; targeted medical referral; sports and recreational activities. Reintegration of ex-combatants was based on outreach services and support, such as commu- nity-based follow-up training, including training on initiation of income generating activities by individual/small groups or economic associations, advisory and referral services. Support to demobilized ex-combatants’ households was provided through a package that includes rein- sertion sensitization, life skills training, and basic livelihoods training. The project also targeted vulnerable groups, such as female and disabled ex-combatants; there are interventions for women ex-combatants to meet their physical and medical needs in camps (e.g., reproductive health, psycho-social needs), physical security, separate accommodation, life skills training (e.g., careers, training and support on issues related to Sexual and Gender Based Violence (SGBV)), childcare support during activities, and support to care for child dependents (e.g., pediatric medical scree- ning). Traumatized ex-combatants, as well as chronically ill and disabled ex-combatants, were targeted through psycho-social support and other specialized measures. There were no activities specifically targeting youth beneficiaries (and no indicators for youth), except for youth clubs mentioned among social mobilization of community-based civil society organizations, which the project targets under sensitization activities. (IDA US$15 million, trust fund US$6.5 million, FY15). Sustainable Livelihoods for Displaced and Vulnerable Communities in Eastern Sudan: Phase 2 (P158066). PDO: to strengthen the capacity of local stakeholders, including state authorities, displaced persons and vulnerable host communities, to plan and implement improved liveli- hood and natural resource management practices. Beneficiaries: IDPs and host communities (with particular provision for women and youth), local authorities/other organizations respon- sible for the promotion of livelihood in vulnerable communities or delivering public services. Components: 1. Development of Local Structures and Capacities. 2. Analytics and Technical Assistance. 3. Community Small Works. 4. Economic Livelihoods and Benefit Trans-passing. Small works identification, as the identification of priorities is done through a participatory, commu- nity-driven approach. In each community, the project team brings together beneficiaries into a Community Development Committee (CDC), which includes youth and women representatives to ensure equitable attention to the needs of these vulnerable groups. The Economic Livelihoods and Benefit Trans-passing (BTPS) component financed three main activities: livelihood grants (including livelihoods training), benefit trans-passing system, joint Initiatives, and participatory monitoring and evaluation. BTPS implied that each community has their own solutions to adopt Table of Cover contents 4 Change-Makers: Empowering youth for inclusive societies Annex 1. Methodology and Project Summaries inclusive approaches to passing the benefit received to other beneficiaries to pursue livelihood opportunities. The project allocated complementary resources to support the implementation of youth initiatives, which were explicitly requested by communities. Indicators: percentage of female and youth participated in the community small works (trust fund US$4.3 million, FY17). Uganda - Strengthening Social Risk Management and Gender-Based Violence Prevention and Response Project (P160447). PDO: to increase: (a) participation in GBV prevention programs; and (b) utilization of multi-sectoral response services for survivors of GBV in targeted districts. Beneficiaries: primarily vulnerable women and girls at risk of GBV as well as survivors of GBV. Men and boys in targeted districts also benefited from project activities as survivors of GBV, family members of survivors, and key opinion leaders and community members promoting behavior change. Components: 1. Prevention of Social Risks and Gender-Based Violence. 2. Gender-Ba- sed Violence Response in the context of social risk management. 3. Project Management and M&E. Preventing GBV in the workplace includes the design and implementation of GRMs to handle issues of GBV and increasing public awareness of GBV. To prevent GBV prevention at community level, the project invests in developing and conducting a training module to provide psycho-social support. Services for survivors of GBV and GBV prevention interventions are also implemented through advisory centers and shelters. To support livelihoods, facilitators identify and target a selection of adolescent girls and boys – with priority given to out of school youth - in each community to support their economic empowerment. Project design has also considered lessons-learned (internationally and in Uganda) in terms of the implementation of community-ba- sed livelihood activities with youth. To promote sustainability, the project did not provide initial seed funding but rather work with adolescents to promote savings during the initial 18 months of project implementation. Indicators: number of adolescents (disaggregated by sex) attending life-skills education and gender transformative training; percentage of established youth savings groups receiving support for livelihoods plans in line with project procedures; number of GBV survivors (disaggregated by age/sex and district) accessing services through pilot shelters (per year) (IDA US$40 million, FY17). Reintegration of Ex-combatants Project - the Central African Republic (P160272). PDO: to support the social and economic reintegration of demobilized ex-combatants and improve access to socio-economic infrastructure and economic opportunities for host communities. Beneficiaries: 5,000 demobilized ex-combatants who are eligible to go through the Disarmament, Demobiliza- tion, Reintegration and Repatriation (DDRR) Program (the estimates for the target adult ex-com- batants are derived from MINUSCA and Government). Components: 1. Social and Economic Reintegration Support. 2. Support to Host Communities. 3. Project Management. Start-up rein- tegration activities support beneficiaries in launching economic activities, including orientation, counseling and skills training, and distributing start-up kits. Afterwards, individual ex-combatants can use their training-acquired skills to initiate income generation activities of their choice. Follow-up reintegration support includes support to formation of economic associations and individual income generation activities. The project also provides support to vulnerable ex-com- batants (such as female ex-combatants, ex-combatants with physical disabilities). However, youth are not specifically mentioned in activities. Subprojects to improve socio-economic infrastructure are identified through a community-driven development approach and can focus on rehabili- tation and/or construction of small infrastructure and delivery of basic social services. Training on social cohesion and conflict prevention is facilitated by a local NGO, which includes works- hops and awareness dialogue for community leaders and demobilized ex-combatants. Effective Table of Cover contents 5 Change-Makers: Empowering youth for inclusive societies Annex 1. Methodology and Project Summaries community-level dispute resolution mechanisms are identified through the involvement of local authorities. In target communities with limited local governance, the project supported creating councils composing of local leaders, youth, and women. Indicators: percentage of ex-combatant beneficiaries who report social acceptance by their communities (disaggregated by gender, age group, and armed group); percentage of host community members who report social acceptance of ex-combatants (disaggregated by age and gender) (IDA US$30 million, FY17). Support for Promotion of Sustainable Livelihoods in the Pool Department - Congo (P149690). PDO: to improve access to livelihoods in selected communities in the Pool Department. Bene- ficiaries: existing community groups of poor households. The project supported women groups and youth livelihood groups (YLGs). Each association and YLGs consisted of small groups of 7–12 members. Components: 1. Stimulating Improved Livelihoods. 2. Promoting Sustainable Use of Energy with Emphasis on Household and Productive Uses. 3. Project Management and Administration, M&E, and Knowledge Dissemination. The project supported the creation and improvement of income-generating activities in four main sectors—agriculture, livestock, fishing, and small trades. Under the promotion of associative work, the project included the formation and reinforcement of youth livelihood groups (YLGs). Each YLG formed a community project management committee (CPMC) and a community procurement committee (CPC) to manage the implementation of their livelihood activities. The YLGs were empowered to make their own decisions regarding the selection and implementation of income-generating activities. YLGs and associations were provided with trainings on personal growth, collaborative work and participa- tion in communities, conflict resolution, parenting skills, and gender roles. Indicators: number of pilot youth associations operational (trust fund US$2.75 million, FY17). Lake Chad Region Recovery and Development Project (P161706). PDO: to contribute to the reco- very of the Lake Chad Region through supporting regional coordinating and crisis monitoring, connectivity, and agricultural livelihoods in selected provinces of the Republic of Cameroon, Republic of Chad, and Republic of Niger. Components: 1. Regional Lake Chad knowledge and monitoring platform and secretariat for the development of the Lake Chad Region, including strengthening the institutional and data monitoring and dissemination capacity at the regional level, national capacity building for regional level, citizen engagement and social cohesion, public works. 2. Restoring sustainable rural mobility and connectivity, investing transport infrastructure, rural roads. This component improves access to markets and provides socioeconomic oppor- tunities for targeted communities. This component also includes public works for the targeted communities. 3. Strengthening the recovery of agricultural livelihoods, including supporting infrastructure work, agricultural livelihoods, improving extension services, etc. 5. Project Manage- ment. 5. Contingent Emergency Response Component (CERC). The project targets 213,000 direct beneficiaries with a priority to vulnerable populations, including youth and women. Indicators: number of beneficiaries participating in Labor-Intensive Public Works (of which youth-at least 40% of people joining public works will be youth) (IDA US$170 million, FY20). Support for Resilient Livelihoods in the South of Madagascar (P171056). Series of Projects (SOP) PDO: to improve social and economic resilience in southern Madagascar. This project is SOP Phase 1. This project is followed up by another AF (P177606), which targets 922,950 beneficiaries (50% will be women) with a total of US$ 265.5 million from IDA. Components: 1. Strengthening Decentralized Local Governments, Participatory Planning and Social Resilience. The project enhances the power and independence of decentralized territorial collectives, promotes social Table of Cover contents 6 Change-Makers: Empowering youth for inclusive societies Annex 1. Methodology and Project Summaries resilience, facilitates citizen engagement, and prevents conflicts. Under this component, the project provides capacity building for local and territorial collectives in inclusive planning and participatory budgeting. Women and youth are offered opportunities to participate in Structure Cocale de Concertation (SLC) for inclusive planning and participatory budgeting and to ensure that their needs are prioritized. Additionally, the project offers a leadership program designed to empower women and youth. 2. Resiliency infrastructure. The project offers community resiliency grants and supports water infrastructure. Subgrants include public works to empower youth and women. 3. Supporting resilient livelihoods. The project supports community-based organizations and local value chains, as well as addresses barriers that women and youth face in economic activities. 4. Implementation support and knowledge learning. 5. Contingent emergency response component. Beneficiaries: This project aims to target 1.4 million people of many groups, with a strong focus on women and youth. Indicators: number of youth with access to socioeconomic services and infrastructures (built and/or rehabilitated by the project) in targeted communes disaggregated by types of service and infrastructure (Number). Number of youth reporting impro- vement of their livelihoods, promoted by the project. Number of youth beneficiaries that feel local development plans (PDLII) reflected their needs (Number) (IDA US$200 million, FY21). Community-Based Recovery and Stabilization Project for the Sahel (P173830). PDO: to the reco- very and resilience of communities in target areas of the Liptako-Gourma Region of Burkina Faso, Mali and Niger through a regional approach supporting (a) integrated socio-economic services and infrastructure, (b) livelihoods and territorial development, and (c) regional data and coordination. Components. 1. Resilient and inclusive recovery of conflict-affected communities. The project supports basic livelihood support and income-generating activities and delivers household goods and small-scale infrastructure works in crisis-affected regions. Some activities include cash for work and providing agricultural assets and extension services for youth. 2. Tran- sitional support towards stabilization and territorial development of communities. The project provides access to resilient socioeconomic infrastructure and services and supports resilient livelihoods and local economic development interventions. 3. Regional dialogue, coordination, and data and capacity building. The project aims to enhance regional collaboration for recovery and stabilization, build national and local capacity, engage citizens, and promote social inclu- sion. Some activities include community-based psychosocial support, inclusive and accessible sensitization sessions (for example, on disability inclusion), formation/training campaigns on nonviolent methods of resolving conflicts, violence prevention and de-stigmatization, and cultu- ral and sports events to promote collaboration and youth cohesion. 4. Project management. 5. Contingent Emergency Response Component (CESC). Project beneficiaries: the project aims to target more than 8 million people with more than 800,000 displaced people, including youth with disabilities, youth living in conflicted areas, and youth in forced displacement. Indicators: number of beneficiaries in project target areas provided with improved access to socio-econo- mic services (broken down by females, youth and forcibly displaced). Number of beneficiaries that report an increase in annual income (in %) as a result of project activities (broken down by females, youth and forcibly displaced) (IDA US$352.5 million, FY21). South Sudan Women’s Social and Economic Empowerment Project (P176900). PDO: to increase girls and women’s access to livelihood, entrepreneurial, and GBV services and to strengthen the government’s capacity to provide these services. Components: 1. Community Empowerment Support to Women and Girls. The project establishes a Women’s Economic Community Center (WECC) to provide livelihood and second chance education, gender norms and behavior training, Table of Cover contents 7 Change-Makers: Empowering youth for inclusive societies Annex 1. Methodology and Project Summaries and outreach to political and cultural leaders. 2. Women’s Entrepreneurial Opportunity Facility. The project supports women’s entrepreneurship through grants and advisory services. 3. Services to GBV survivors. The project establishes a GBV hotline, organizes training on changing social norms and awareness raising, and builds a safe house for GBV survivors. 4. Institutional Strengthening and Project Management. Project beneficiaries: The project targets around 50,000 women and adolescent girls, including female youth, female youth who are disabled and from minority ethnic groups, female youth from low-income communities, and urban IDPs. Indicators: number of men and male youth reached through sensitization and community outreach (IDA US$70 million, FY22). Gulf of Guinea Northern Regions Social Cohesion Project (P175043). PDO: to improve regional collaboration and the socioeconomic and climate resilience of border zone communities in the target northern regions of the Gulf of Guinea countries exposed to conflict and climate risks. Components: 1. Investing in Community Resiliency and Inclusion. The project finances commu- nity infrastructure for connectivity, WASH, energy, schools, clinics, etc. to enhance inclusion of women, youth, displaced persons, and PWDs. The project also funds short-term income-gene- rating activities, rehabilitates rural primary markets and develops climate-adaptive economic activities linked to these markets. Youth labor is utilized in community and youth investments. 2. Building foundation and capacity for inclusive and resilient communities. The project supports the upgrade, rehabilitation, expansion, or repurposing of existing community infrastructure such as parks, community gathering spaces, and sports facilities. The project funds various social cohesion activities and infrastructure investments that are identified by the youth, such as sports and cultural events, intergenerational and intergroup dialogues, community volunteering, and awareness-raising activities. Additionally, the project provides leadership and decision-making training to the youth on peacebuilding-related topics. 3. Regional Coordination Platform and Dialogue. 4. Project Management. 5. Contingent Emergency Response Component (CERC). Project beneficiaries: the project targets 4,613 communities across the northern Gulf of Guinea (estimated to be home to about 3.4 million in Benin, 3.67 million in Côte d’Ivoire, 6.2 million in Ghana, and 2.74 million in Togo). Indicators: number of people having access to project built or rehabilitated socioeconomic and climate resilient infrastructure and services (disaggregated by sex and youth). Number of beneficiaries surveyed reporting project investments reflected their needs (disaggregated by sex and youth). Number of new job opportunities created as a result of project activities (disaggregated by sex and youth) (IDA US$450 million, FY22). Casamance Economic Development Project (P175325). PDO: to build inclusive local governance systems that deliver climate resilient local services and infrastructure, in targeted communities in Casamance. Components. 1. Strengthening local governance and enhancing access to local services for improved inclusion and resilience. This component aims to support strengthening local governance and the capacity of communes and communities, especially women and youth, to lead their own development. It includes addressing exclusionary social norms, providing training on leadership skills for women and youth, and improving access to climate-resilient local services. 2. Enhancing rural mobility and access to economic activities and basic services. This component employs local youth and labor to renovate schools, health centers, and water systems (Labor Intensive Works approaches). 3. Broadening sustainable rural livelihood oppor- tunities. Project beneficiaries: This project aims to target 750,000 people from many groups with a focus on women and youth. Indicators: number of youths in project target areas provided with improved access to climate-resilient socio-economic services. Percentage of youths surveyed that feel project investments reflected their needs (IDA US$45 million, FY22). Table of Cover contents 8 Change-Makers: Empowering youth for inclusive societies Annex 1. Methodology and Project Summaries Development Response to Displacement Impacts Project in the Horn of Africa Phase II (P178047). PDO: to improve access to basic social and economic services, expand livelihood opportunities and enhance environmental management for host communities and refugees in the target areas. Components: 1. Social and economic services and infrastructure. The project provides community investment funds and strategic investment funds to support infrastructure for social services (schools, water, sanitation, human and animal health facilities, etc.), economic infrastructure (feeder roads, market centers, storage facilities, etc.), and infrastructure in refugee camps. Under this component, activities on social cohesion, including organizing refugee-host community coordination platforms, capacity building on conflict management, and psychosocial programs are also carried out. 2. Sustainable environmental management focusing on integrated natural resource management and alternative energy sources for refugee camps. 3. Livelihoods program. This component focuses on creating livelihood and economic opportunities for refugees and host communities with various income-generating opportunities, skills training and business grants for traditional livelihoods, non-traditional livelihoods, small-scale, micro, and household irrigation schemes. Project beneficiaries: This project aims to target 2.5 million people (1.76 million host community members and 0.74 million refugees) including refugee youth and youth living in host communities. Indicators: there is no youth indicator (IDA US$180 million, FY22). Financing Locally-Led Climate Action Program (P173065). This is a PforR operation. PDO: to deli- ver locally led climate resilience actions and to strengthen county and national governments’ capacity to manage climate risks. Components; 1. Policy, legal and regulatory framework- the component supports policy, legal, and regulatory instruments for building climate resilience at the national and county levels. 2. Capacity Building- it supports institutional and human capacity to enhance the delivery of low-carbon climate resilience actions at the national and county levels. 3. Climate finance- the component supports (a) policy and regulatory frameworks for financing climate actions, (b) capacity building for government agencies to support investments in climate resilience and low carbon emissions at the local level, (c) capacity to address climate change emerging issues, (d) capacity of county structures responsible for climate-related sectors, (e) financing of local urban and peri-urban climate actions, (f) private sector incentives to support low carbon emissions and climate-resilient investments, and (g) market-based mechanisms for carbon trade. 4. Community-led Actions- it supports (a) modalities for community-led local initiatives, (b) capacity of communities to deliver climate resilience actions for improved live- lihoods, (c) local rural, urban, and peri-urban climate actions, (d) capacity of county structures responsible for climate-related sectors, (e) an incentivized private sector to support low carbon emissions and climate-resilient investments, and (f) market-based mechanisms for carbon trade. 5. Technology and innovation- it supports access to green/environment-friendly technologies for low carbon climate-resilient investments at the national and county levels. 6. Measurement, Reporting, Verification, and M&E. Project beneficiaries: This project targets 32.7 million people. Women, youth, the elderly, and people with disabilities are identified as marginalized groups, but there is no specific activity for youth. Indicators: percentage of participating counties where at least 30% of agriculture, environment, and/or water actions directly benefit women, youth, and other marginalized groups (IDA US$162.8 million, US$75 million Local Governments, trust fund US$21.40, FY22). Liberia Women Empowerment Project (P173677). PDO: to improve social and livelihood services for women and girls in targeted communities, foster positive social norms, and strengthen the government’s capacity to advance women and girls’ empowerment. Components: 1. Fostering Table of Cover contents 9 Change-Makers: Empowering youth for inclusive societies Annex 1. Methodology and Project Summaries positive social norms and community mobilization, including identifying and training female acti- vists, training activists, organizing discussion groups led by community activists, and financing community-led activities to enhance positive social norms. 2. Enhancing basic services in health and education. The project finances activities to address key barriers to health and education for women and girls, specifically local GBV response and Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health (ASRH) services, as well as school-driven community engagement on adolescent preg- nancy, early marriage, and keeping girls in school. 3. Promoting resilient livelihoods through community-led approaches. The project offers life skills training, business development services, access to digital banking services, mentorship programs for female entrepreneurs, and grants for women-led livelihood initiatives. 4. Strengthening public institutions to advance gender equality. 5. Project management, M&E. Project beneficiaries: This project aims to target approximately 267,200 people across 750 communities, with a primary focus on women. Indicators: percentage of community members engaged in the program think that adolescent girls should not marry before 18 (IDA US$44.6 million, FY22). Cameroon Local Governance and Resilient Communities Project (P175846). PDO: to increase community access to climate-resilient infrastructure and strengthen local capacity to manage resources and deliver services. Components: 1. Improved community infrastructures and basic services. Some activities include community outreach activities, strengthening community platforms, establishing village committees, and providing community investment support grants focusing on the construction and/or rehabilitation of social service facilities (e.g., schools, health facilities, etc.), basic infrastructures (e.g. roads, small irrigation and drainage work). Public works will be integrated in this component. 2. Improving Multi-level Governance Framework and the capacity of decentralized entities to deliver services. This component focuses on building multi-le- vel institutional capacity for decentralization and strengthening local capacity for service delivery. 3. Project management & M&E. 4. Contingent Emergency Response Component (CERC). Project beneficiaries: This project targets 1.5 million beneficiaries and government officials from 180 municipalities and 10 regional councils, as well as citizens engaged in participatory policymaking and monitoring processes. Indicators: number of community members employed in public works financed by the project (of which are female, youth, refugees, or IDPs) (IDA US$300 million, FY23). Eastern Europe and Central Asia Second Rural Investment Project AF - Azerbaijan (P147861). PDO: to improve access to and use of community-driven rural infrastructure and expand economic activities for rural households. Beneficiaries: households in rural communities. Components: 1. Rural Community Infrastruc- ture and Livelihoods. 2. Technical Assistance for Rural Infrastructure and Livelihoods. 3. Project Management and Results Monitoring. A particular emphasis was placed on supporting Common Interest Groups (CIGs) that include or were exclusively composed of women and youth. Income generating activities were identified through a community participatory planning process and respond to real needs of communities. One of the principles of activity selection is to empower vulnerable community members such as youth and women. Training and advisory services were provided around the preparation of business plans. Also, training, and advisory supports CIGs during the implementation of selected income generating activities. Indicators: Number of Table of Cover contents 10 Change-Makers: Empowering youth for inclusive societies Annex 1. Methodology and Project Summaries trainees in capacity building activities by kind of activity (male/ female/youth/minorities/IDPs/ municipal/ ExCom): Community training; Cross visits; Seminars; Conferences (IDA US$40 million, borrower co-financing US$10 million, FY15). Engaging Communities for Better Schools in the Kyrgyz Republic (P159699). PDO: to develop inclusive approaches to citizen engagement that support improvements in the accountability and responsiveness of teachers and school management in the poorest districts and contribute to enhancing student performance. Beneficiaries: students, parents and schoolteachers/admi- nistrators in poorest district of each oblast. Components: 1. Community Engagement Processes and Capacity-Building. 2. Micro-Grants for Priority Improvements in Underprivileged Schools. 3. Project Management and Administration, M&E and Knowledge Dissemination. Youth are mainly mentioned in community engagement activities; not clear if other activities specifically target youth. Examples of youth engagement in community activities include youth trained as Citizen Engagement Facilitators (CEFs) to initiate and lead community engagement with schools, youth participating in social contract meetings, community scorecard meetings, interface meetings, and youth elected to Joint Action Plan (JAP) Committees. Indicators: percentage of target schools demonstrating they are inclusive of the priorities of youth in the citizen feedback process (inclu- siveness); percentage of youth participating in community engagement activities. Lessons from ICR: 95% of target schools demonstrated the inclusivity of their citizen feedback process towards young people’s priorities by having at least one action prioritized by students included in the final agreed JAP. The project exceeded its target for youth inclusion in the prioritization of joint actions by 20 p.p. However, the ICR notes that ensuring sustainability remains a challenge (trust fund US$2.7 million, FY17). CASA 1000 Community Support Project - Kyrgyz Republic (P163592). PDO: to engage commu- nities in the development of social and economic infrastructure in order to enhance services, livelihoods and inclusion in target villages near the CASA1000 Transmission Line. Beneficia- ries: communities living along the 450 km CASA1000 Transmission Line in the Kyrgyz Republic. Components: 1. Support for community-led investments in social and economic infrastructure. 2. Support for community mobilization, youth engagement and communications. 3. Project management, and M&E. Sub-grants to communities are provided to fund the priority social infras- tructure and services projects selected through the youth-led, participatory decision-making process. Youth-focused community mobilization activities: youth facilitators serve voluntarily as community mobilizers, facilitate YDPs/youth initiative groups, and lead community awareness building initiatives. Needs identification and prioritization at the village level are led by youth facilitators (situation analysis, needs and asset mapping, focus groups). Development of inputs to Local Development Strategies (LDSs), including Youth Development Plans (YDPs), based on the community prioritization process. As part of the Corridor-Village Investment Associations (C-VIAs), a youth accountants’ scheme is established for the project period to provide unemplo- yed young bookkeepers and accountants with work experience. Training and capacity building activities are provided for project stakeholders, including youth facilitators and members of the C-VIAs, as well as basic bookkeeping course(s) to support accounting functions of the C-VIAs. Indicators: Percentage of target communities completing enhanced (youth-led) community mobilization processes; Percentage of target AOs expanding the Local Development Strategy with youth development and livelihood activities (IDA US$32 million, FY18). Table of Cover contents 11 Change-Makers: Empowering youth for inclusive societies Annex 1. Methodology and Project Summaries Tajikistan Socio-Economic Resilience Strengthening Project (P168052). PDO: to improve the socio-economic inclusion of targeted vulnerable communities as well as young men and women in Khatlon and GBAO regions. Components. 1. Inclusive Local Development Initiatives. The component provides subgrants for local development initiatives to improve local living conditions, including schools, local health clinics, and irrigation systems. 2. Youth Inclusion and Livelihoods. This component finances the refurbishment of youth-inclusive spaces, training for youth, and tools and equipment for successful youth proposals. 3. Project management and M&E. The project finances tailored livelihood support services to increase basic livelihood opportunities for disadvantaged young women and men who would not qualify for more capital-intensive entrepreneurship support. It also delivers livelihood training, including soft skills, communication, critical thinking, decision-making, gender quality, and digital literacy skills. After participating in the training, youth are encouraged to develop their own business proposals. The youth’s business proposal will be approved and provided tools and equipment for livelihood development. Mentor- ship and coaching will be provided for youth after they establish their own business. Besides livelihood improvement for youth, the project also provides subgrants for local development initiatives to improve local living conditions, including schools, local health clinics, and irrigation systems. Project beneficiaries: the project targets many groups with a total estimation of 600,000 people. It aims to target the most marginalized youth, including low-income, peri-urban, and rural youth who range in age from 15 to 30 and who are underemployed, NEET, returning migrants, especially those with reentry bans, and the heads of female-headed households. Indicators: percentage of youth beneficiaries (male/female) who utilize skills gained through extracurricular activities. Percentage of youth beneficiaries (male/female) who continue their livelihood activities one year after receiving livelihood tools and equipment (Percentage) (IDA US$37 million, FY19). CASA1000 Community Support Project for Tajikistan (P165313). PDO: to increase the quality and access to energy, social, and economic infrastructure services and to contribute to the strengthening of local governance in communities in the project area. Components: 1. Rural Elec- tricity Supply Improvements. 2. Community-led Investments in Socio-Economic Infrastructure. 3. Community Mobilization, Capacity Building, and Local Governance. 4. Project Management, Monitoring and Evaluation, and Communications. One of the main activities of the project is to improve access to electricity for the target populations. The project also provides subgrants (through CDD approaches) for the targeted communities and delivers training for youth and other groups to support active engagement and community leadership in managing subgrants. Youth are mobilized to participate in developing Jamoat Development Plans (JDPs) and Village Development Plans (VDPs). Also, there is a requirement that 50% of members of Village Project Committees must be young men and women. Youth voice and agency in local governance have been encouraged through CDD approaches. Project beneficiaries: This project targets many groups and does not specify the marginalized youth. Indicators: percentage of young (women and men) beneficiaries who report that their role/voice in local governance has been enhanced as a result of project support (IDA US$ 34million, trust fund US$2 million, FY19). Municipalities for Youth in Kosovo Project (P165485). PDO: to improve the socioeconomic inclu- sion of at least 3,000 marginalized youth in vulnerable communities in Kosovo through youth-dri- ven civic engagement and skills-building activities. Components: 1. Subgrants for youth-driven community development initiatives. 2. Youth Stakeholder Training. 3. Project Management and Administration, Monitoring and Evaluation, and Knowledge Dissemination. The project aims to provide youth with entrepreneurship and skill development training. It also offers subgrants Table of Cover contents 12 Change-Makers: Empowering youth for inclusive societies Annex 1. Methodology and Project Summaries to youth groups and youth-led CBOs/NGOs to improve facilities, such as parks, classrooms, and libraries. As part of the subgrant program, youth are given volunteer opportunities with a stipend. Additionally, the project provides psychosocial support and emotional counseling services to the youth. Project beneficiaries: The project targets marginalized youth, including hard-to-reach, low-income, peri-urban, and rural youth, vulnerable to unemployment, poverty, violence, and disenfranchisement. At least 50 percent of the beneficiaries are be young women. Indicators: number of marginalized youth gaining new skills in project preparation, management and implementation. Number of youth-driven community initiatives completed. Percentage of beneficiaries reporting that project investments reflect their needs as identified at the project start. Percentage of youth beneficiaries reporting a minimum 20 percent increase in income (trust fund US$2.8 million, FY20). CASA1000 Community Support Project COVID-19 AF - Kyrgyz Republic (P174285). PDO: to engage communities in the development of social and economic infrastructure in order to enhance services, livelihoods, and inclusion in target oblasts near the CASA1000 Transmission Line. Beneficiaries: communities living along the 450 km CASA1000 Transmission Line in the Kyrgyz Republic. Some (sub)components are more specific about beneficiaries. For example, Subcom- ponent 2C: Livelihoods Support Program targets vulnerable community members, defined as: (a) extremely poor; (b) disabled; (c) unemployed elderly of working age; (d) unemployed women; (e) members of large households; (f) single female-headed households; (g) youth- at-risk; and (h) households susceptible to climate change risk. Components: 1. Support for community-led investments in social and economic infrastructure. 2. Support for community mobilization, youth engagement and communications. 3. Project management, and M&E. Components are the same as in the parent project except for some new subcomponents. A new subcomponent finances a Livelihoods Support Program (LSP) to help vulnerable community members, including youth at risk, establish or reestablish their livelihoods. The subcomponent also supports the development of selected beneficiaries’ skills, including business and technical skills needed to implement business ideas and soft skills. Under the AF, the idea of youth being leaders of the CDD process articulated in the parent project is implemented so that the selected youth are appointed and trained to become community focal points for climate change. Indicators: Percentage of target communities empowering young women and men to facilitate community mobilization. Percen- tage of beneficiaries in target communities who report that youth engagement activities were effective in supporting the community (IDA US$21 million USD, FY21). East Asia and Pacific Socio-Economic Reintegration Project in Southern Thailand (P170730). PDO: to assist the govern- ment in piloting an enhanced socio-economic reintegration process for selected former comba- tants. Components: 1. Economic reintegration assistance, providing socio-economic reintegration grants for ex-detainees and ex-combatants. 2. Social reintegration assistance, providing grant to villages to support reintegration of former combatants, and providing medical and psycho-so- cial care. 3. Project management. The project offered grants for training, apprenticeships, and livelihoods of ex-combatants and ex-detainees. The project also financed subgrants for the reintegration of former combatants and provides medical and psychosocial care. Beneficiaries: The project targeted 200 ex-detainees and ex-combatants and their families in general and does not mention youth. Indicators: No indicator for youth (trust fund US$1.35 million, FY20). Table of Cover contents 13 Change-Makers: Empowering youth for inclusive societies Annex 1. Methodology and Project Summaries Philippines Bangsamoro Camps Transformation Project (P180320). PDO: to improve access to socioeconomic services and basic infrastructure in target communities. Components: 1. Commu- nity Development Assistance: This component aims to stabilize income, enhance food security, promote local empowerment, and reduce the risks associated with natural hazards and climate change, supporting greater resilience against future shocks. Under this component, the project finances subprojects: (a) Cooperatives-led agriculture-based income stabilization subprojects, (b) Cooperatives-led agriculture-based income stabilization subprojects. Besides subgrants, this component also provides community infrastructure subprojects to build youth center, women center, child development center, disaster-resilient agricultural facilities, etc. 2. Capacity and Institutional Strengthening. 3. Project Administration and Quality Assurance. Project bene- ficiaries: This project targets 39,200 residents in 6 camps, including female youth, active and ex-combatants, Internally Displaced youth and Indigenous youth. Indicators: direct beneficiaries in the identified communities reporting increased access to infrastructure - cost and distance (% women, youth, IPs). Direct beneficiaries in identified communities reporting increased access to socioeconomic services (% women, youth, IPs). Beneficiaries reporting satisfaction with project services (% women, youth, IPs) (trust fund US$4 million, FY23). Latin America and Caribbean Haiti Cultural Heritage Preservation and Tourism Sector Support Project (P144614). PDO: (a) increase the attractiveness of the cultural heritage sites in North of Haiti for tourists; (b) improve the living environment for the residents living in North of Haiti. Beneficiaries: local commu- nities in the North and Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) linked to the tourism value chain, tourism sector business owners and employees. Components: 1. Physical Cultural Heritage Sites and touristic circuits in the PNH-CSSR and Cap-Haïtien Historic City Center, 2. Local investments in Dondon, Milot and Cap-Haïtien, 3. Inclusive Tourism Sector Development Support. 4.Contingent Emergency Response. 5. Project Implementation, M&E. The last compo- nent includes enhancing the local engagement in cultural heritage tourism through: (a) the provision of Community Events and Tourism Grants to Beneficiaries for carrying out Sub-projects to develop tourism related services and products; and (b) the improvement of the capacity of the local communities to develop tourism related services and products, through the provision of goods, consultants’ services, and Training. This component does not specifically mention youth, but there is an indicator disaggregated by youth. Indicator: number of Activities, events and ventures supported by the Community Tourism and Events, disaggregated by youth and women (IDA US$45 million, FY14). Haiti Cultural Heritage Preservation and Tourism Sector Support Project (P144614). PDO: (a) increase the attractiveness of the cultural heritage sites in North of Haiti for tourists; (b) improve the living environment for the residents living in North of Haiti. Beneficiaries: local commu- nities in the North and Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) linked to the tourism value chain, tourism sector business owners and employees. Components: 1. Physical Cultural Heritage Sites and touristic circuits in the PNH-CSSR and Cap-Haïtien Historic City Center, 2. Local investments in Dondon, Milot and Cap-Haïtien, 3. Inclusive Tourism Sector Development Support. 4.Contingent Emergency Response. 5. Project Implementation, M&E. The last compo- nent includes enhancing the local engagement in cultural heritage tourism through: (a) the provision of Community Events and Tourism Grants to Beneficiaries for carrying out Sub-projects Table of Cover contents 14 Change-Makers: Empowering youth for inclusive societies Annex 1. Methodology and Project Summaries to develop tourism related services and products; and (b) the improvement of the capacity of the local communities to develop tourism related services and products, through the provision of goods, consultants’ services, and Training. This component does not specifically mention youth, but there is an indicator disaggregated by youth. Indicator: number of Activities, events and ventures supported by the Community Tourism and Events, disaggregated by youth and women (IDA US$45 million, FY14). Youth Employment Project in Digital and Animation Industries in Jamaica (P148013). PDO: to support youth employment in the digital and animation industries in Jamaica. Beneficiaries: the main target group was young people between the ages of 15-30 years (male and female) in both urban and rural areas; activities related to the animation portion of this operation target some of the most disadvantaged youth on the island (including persons with disabilities) through Jamaican institutions working in low-income communities. Components: 1. Skills and Capa- city to Enhance Employability, and Entrepreneurship. 2. Establishment of Startup Jamaica. 3. Early-Stage Investment for Tech Startups, 4. Support to Science, Technology, and Innovation. Among the specific activities are expanding or establishing 2D and/or 3D Animation Training Programs at selected secondary, vocational, and tertiary educational institutions; establishing an accredited university degree program for professional animators, developing a business acceleration program for animation studios (“Acceleration Program”) and developing a training program to increase the quantity and quality of software programmers and product designers. Communication and outreach campaigns target youth with business ideas to join the Accele- ration Program and technical and business training was offered to selected youth. Youth from lower income families could receive need-based scholarships to participate in training programs. Support was also provided to researchers with entrepreneurial aspirations who have developed R&D+i applications with commercial potential. Indicators: number of additional young people earning foreign exchange through global online work, using platforms that are partnering with the project; number of young people employed by the animation industry in the short-medium term, including percentage of front-line 2D animators from inner city (IBRD US$20 million, FY15). Community Access and Urban Services Enhancement Project - Solomon Islands (P161320). PDO: to improve basic infrastructure and services for vulnerable urban populations in targeted urban centers. Beneficiaries: poor and vulnerable groups in five locations; beneficiaries would include at least 50 percent youth (ages 16 to 29 years). Components: 1. Urban Works and Services. 2. Road Maintenance and Repair. 3. Infrastructure and Service Delivery Training. 4. Project Management. Under Component.1, activities are designed to improve community access and connectivity of transport links to basic social and economic services. Also, short-term employment opportunities in the area of community-based waste management were provided to targeted communities, including youth (target 50%). Infrastructure and service delivery training, including basic life and job-readiness skills, were provided to trainees to help them participate in the project and to access further training and economic opportunities beyond the project. The Community Consultation Framework, were applied during implementation, includes separate consultations with women, men and youth. Indicators: Youth (aged between 16 and 29 years) from project areas reporting improved access to infrastructure, services or markets (target - 50%); Youth that are engaged in works or training activities (target 50%); number of labor days generated (under Component. 1 & 2), of which youth (50%); number of individuals trained under the Infrastructure and Service Delivery Training (ISDT), of which youth (50%) (IDA US$15 million, FY18). Table of Cover contents 15 Change-Makers: Empowering youth for inclusive societies Annex 1. Methodology and Project Summaries Guinea Support to Local Governance Project (P167884). PDO: to improve local government’s capacity to manage their public financial resources in a transparent and participatory manner and in mitigating local conflicts. By doing so, the ultimate objectives to which the project expects to contribute are (a) improved local service delivery and (b) increased trust between state and citizens. Components. 1. Supporting the operationalization of the FNDL (FNDL financing mecha- nism, allocation, transfer mechanism to LGs, execution oversight). 2. Building institutions and capacity for inclusive and accountable local governance. 3. Project management support. 4. Contingent Emergency Response Component (CERC). The project develops a community-based Early Warning and Response System (EWRS) focusing on prevention and local conflict resolution and provides training in monitoring potential risks of conflict for field monitors who are the first responders to identify conflict. The action groups have been established, including authorities, youth, and women. The project encourages the participation of youth and women in different committees/decision-making bodies in the local governments. Project beneficiaries: The project targets many groups and does not specify the most vulnerable groups. PDO Indicators: No indi- cator at the PDO level (IDA US$40 million, FY19). Community Access and Urban Services Enhancement Project AF - Solomon Islands (P176094). PDO and components are the same as in the parent project (P161320). The AF scales up and refines successful components following the recommendations of the MTR to expand activities within the current geographical area and increase the number of beneficiaries and households reached. PDO: to improve basic infrastructure and services for vulnerable urban populations in targeted urban centers. Beneficiaries: the same as in the parent project, but more groups/ households are targeted. Components: 1.Urban Works and Services. 2. Road Maintenance and Repair. 3. Infrastructure and Service Delivery Training. 4. Project Management. As with the parent project, through Components 1 and 2, community groups are engaged in short-term temporary employment opportunities in the area of waste management services, as well as road mainte- nance and repair, in their own communities. In addition to infrastructure and service delivery training, training and support are provided in the form of job coaching and employment support, counselling and referral services for GBV, and information and skills training. Indicators: Revised: Youth that are engaged in works or training activities (Number) (in the parent project, target for youth was 50%). Other indicators are the same as in the parent project: Youth (aged between 16 and 29 years) from project areas reporting improved access to infrastructure, services or markets (target - 50%); Number of labor days generated (under Comp. 1 & 2), of which youth (50%); Indivi- duals trained under the ISDT, of which youth (50%) (trust fund US$7.3 million, FY20). Papua New Guinea Urban Youth Employment Project II (P166420). PDO: to improve the capacity of participating young men and women in project areas to engage in productive income-genera- ting activities. Components: 1. Youth Job Corps providing outreach activities, mobilizing youth, providing job readiness training, and public work. 2. Skills training providing market-oriented training program, internship, and vocational training. 3. Referral services and M&E providing coaching and mentoring to help youth find their career pathways. 4. Project Management. The project aims to provide various opportunities to prepare individuals for employment, including job readiness training, internships, and vocational training. Along with this, basic life skills training is also included. The project also offers public works opportunities with 183,000 labor days for 6,100 individuals to work in road maintenance and construction. The project has additional provisions for engaging young women and disabled youth, which include a tailored communication strategy, an expanded menu of public work activities, an increased stipend rate to partly compensate for Table of Cover contents 16 Change-Makers: Empowering youth for inclusive societies Annex 1. Methodology and Project Summaries childcare, and referrals for GBV, jobs, training, and microenterprise services. Project beneficiaries: the project targets marginalized groups, including NEET, youth with disabilities, and Indigenous Peoples (Moitu-Koitabu and Ahi youth). Indicators: percentage of graduates who report being employed 12 months after they complete their internships (of which % are women). Percentage of youth who are assessed to have achieved satisfactory performance in the UW&S component (of which % are women) (IDA US$ 35 million, FY20). Solomon Islands Integrated Economic Development and Community Resilience Project (P173688). PDO: to increase access to economic and social infrastructure in rural wards, deliver climate and disaster resilience actions, and enhance provincial governments’ accountability to citizens. Components: 1. Performance-based grants. This component delivers a range of economic and social infrastructure and supports market access, local economic development, human capital development, and community resilience to climate change and disaster risks. This includes investments in agricultural value chains, purchasing of machinery (excluding vehicles), equip- ment and tools, producing promotional materials like bags, brochures, leaflets, radio/TV broad- casts to enhance the product image, maintaining a limited stock of intermediate consumption, and undertaking light construction such as small warehouses or storage sheds. 2. Support to subnational entities. Some activities include improving frontline services, building resilient communities, organizing awareness and planning activities for disaster preparedness, improving the transport infrastructure to access basic services and markets, such as rehabilitating road network, and building bus stops. 3. Project management. Project beneficiaries: the project targets 250,520 people from many groups including female youth and rural youth. Indicators: percentage of beneficiaries reporting increased access to economic or social infrastructure (of which are female and youth). Percentage of beneficiaries that report Project investments reflected their priority needs (of which are female and youth) (IDA US$23.57 million, FY22). SPF: Dominican Republic Multisectoral Response to Human Mobility (P179751). PDO: to improve the Recipient´s capacities to inform policy dialogue towards a multi-sectoral and inclusive response to human mobility flows in the Dominican Republic. Components: 1. Strengthening statistical capacity to inform national policies to respond to human mobility flows in a compre- hensive and articulated manner. 2. Strengthening of multisectoral institutional, planning, and coordination capacities. This component aims to support the strengthening of the multisec- toral institutional, planning, and coordination capacities to provide a multisectoral response to human mobility flows in the Dominican Republic. 3. Investments for improved support to vulnerable migrant populations. This component supports efforts to address specific needs of migrants including prevention and response to tackle migrant smuggling, human trafficking, and gender-based violence against women migrants, and to improve care for them. Component 4: Project Management. Project beneficiaries: This project targets 570,000 immigrants (of which 50 percent are women) and 85,000 households. Indicators: analytics produced on the impacts of FCV on forcibly displaced populations, youth, women Haitian and Venezuelan migrant (trust fund US$ 4.6 million, FY23). SPF: Dominican Republic Multisectoral Response to Human Mobility (P179751). PDO: to improve the Recipient´s capacities to inform policy dialogue towards a multi-sectoral and inclusive response to human mobility flows in the Dominican Republic. Components: 1. Strengthening statistical capacity to inform national policies to respond to human mobility flows in a compre- hensive and articulated manner. 2. Strengthening of multisectoral institutional, planning, and Table of Cover contents 17 Change-Makers: Empowering youth for inclusive societies Annex 1. Methodology and Project Summaries coordination capacities. This component aims to support the strengthening of the multisec- toral institutional, planning, and coordination capacities to provide a multisectoral response to human mobility flows in the Dominican Republic. 3. Investments for improved support to vulnerable migrant populations. This component supports efforts to address specific needs of migrants including prevention and response to tackle migrant smuggling, human trafficking, and gender-based violence against women migrants, and to improve care for them. Component 4: Project Management. Project beneficiaries: This project targets 570,000 immigrants (of which 50 percent are women) and 85,000 households. Indicators: analytics produced on the impacts of FCV on forcibly displaced populations, youth, women Haitian and Venezuelan migrant (trust fund US$ 4.6 million, FY23). Middle East and North Africa Strengthening Micro-Entrepreneurship for Disadvantaged Youth in The Informal Sector - Morocco (P144134). PDO: to provide Beneficiaries in the Project Areas with access to micro-entrepre- neurship development services. Beneficiaries: Disadvantaged men and women between the ages of 18-29 years who are aspiring and existing entrepreneurs with secondary education or less, being outside the labor market or active in the informal sector. Components: 1. Integrated Micro-entrepreneurship Support for Disadvantaged Youth in the Project Areas (Sub-Components: Market assessments; Entrepreneurship training; post-creation business development support). 2. Institutional Capacity Building. 3. Project Management and Monitoring. Component 1 provi- des a menu of non-financial support services to facilitate the start-up and expansion of youth micro-entrepreneurship. An integrated package includes entrepreneurship training and ongoing business development services, such as coaching/mentoring, targeted assistance with improving production and service techniques, and access to markets, to address the multiple barriers youth are facing in starting or expanding a business. The project encourages female participation in the program. Youth indicators: All indicators are for youth. Indicators: direct project beneficiaries (number) of which female (%); b. Direct project beneficiaries (number) of which female (%), who successfully complete entrepreneurship training; c. Youth micro-entrepreneurs who receive post-creation follow-up support for at least 12 months (number), of which female (%). Lessons learned (from ICR): future projects need to take into account the barriers that exist for youth, especially for women, in gaining access to start-up capital. Lack of continued mentorship for youth and access to long term capital is noted as main risks to the development outcome (MENA Transition Fund - IBRD US$5 million and Borrower US$0.8 million, FY13). Second Urban Poverty Reduction Project (PREPUD II) - Djibouti (P145848). PDO: to increase access to basic urban services in Quartier 7 (Q7) in Djibouti City. Beneficiaries: residents of Q7, especially those living in the most vulnerable areas. Components: 1. Infrastructure Upgrading, 2. Building Institutional Capacity and Citizen Engagement. 3. Support to Implementation, M&E. The project finances key urban infrastructure and at the same time contributes to addressing some employment challenges in the neighborhood, particularly among women and young people. Community development initiatives are supported through the Community Development Fund and specific Technical Assistance was mobilized to support local associations and a neighbor- hood committee to better manage the process. Efforts are made to involve youth in neighborhood committee, which serve as designated interface for community engagement, mobilization, and decision making and interact with the implementing agency (IDA US$5.60 million, FY14). Table of Cover contents 18 Change-Makers: Empowering youth for inclusive societies Annex 1. Methodology and Project Summaries Promoting the Inclusion of Conflict-Affected Iraqi Youth Project (P161654). PDO: to promote the social and economic inclusion of conflict-affected Iraqi youth through engagement in entre- preneurship and youth-led community development activities. Beneficiaries: vulnerable young people, including uneducated and either unemployed or underemployed youth, with a particular focus on internally displaced. Components: 1. Youth-led Community Development, Peacebuilding and Micro-Entrepreneurship. 2. Project Management and Administration, M&E, and Knowledge Dissemination. Students complete soft skills training and then can apply for participation in youth-led community development and entrepreneurship activities. The project promotes youth leadership in designing and implementing community development activities. The selection of youth-led activities that serve identified community needs is done in a way that is participatory and inclusive of all youth participants. Groups of youth can engage in infrastructure and non-in- frastructure activities that potentially address exclusion in multiple dimensions. Additionally, the project supports the economic inclusion of conflict-affected youth through a micro-entre- preneurship subcomponent. Youth leadership committees represent larger groups of young people in implementation and monitoring of the progress and quality of activities. The project builds young people’s capacity to interact with local government officials or service providers and to collaborate with them during the implementation and maintenance of activities. The project engages educated youth as community mobilizers, who provide support and mentoring to youth groups throughout the different project activities. It tests a peacebuilding approach by including in activities mixed groups of youth beneficiaries to build trust and tolerance between youth from diverse backgrounds. Indicators: PDO level ind.: 1. % increase in reported income of young people supported by project entrepreneurship activities, 2. % of youth beneficiaries reporting that the project has contributed towards improved community cohesion and tolerance, 3. # of direct project beneficiaries, disaggregated by female and IDP. Lessons: Engagement of female beneficiaries: young women who were interested in participating in project activities faced significant obstacles due to restrictive social norms, many of whom were discouraged or prohibited to leave their homes and could take part in online activities only; a coherent stra- tegy for female engagement needs to be developed in future projects. Life skills development: to genuinely involve youth in economic, social and public affairs, a more systematic approach towards a citizenship education is essential; this is especially true in societies that have under- gone a transformative change and/ or are recovering from conflict (Japan Social Development Fund US$2.75 million, FY17). Morocco Supporting the Economic Inclusion of Youth Project (P151169). PDO: to increase access to economic opportunities for youth in the project area while increasing the potential for job creation in the private sector. Components: 1. Promoting youth employability and economic inclusion. 2. Fostering the entrepreneurial ecosystem and supporting entrepreneurship oppor- tunities for youth. 3. Institutional capacity building implementation support for implementing partners. A comprehensive approach that addresses market demand- and supply-side issues is geared to increase youth access to economic opportunities and employment. Incentives will be provided for the private sector to perform a key role from the early stages of implementation, involving groups of firms by industry sector, subsector, or aggregators (anchor firms) able to offer jobs under certain conditions. In particular, the project will seek private sector engagement through partnerships that will ensure that the youth not only see an improvement in their access to economic opportunities but are also mentored and supported while being integrated into the economy. Project beneficiaries: the project targets the most vulnerable youth. There are three main targeted beneficiaries of the project: (a) Females and males with low skills, long-term Table of Cover contents 19 Change-Makers: Empowering youth for inclusive societies Annex 1. Methodology and Project Summaries unemployed youth, inactive youth, and informal sector workers; (b) Aspiring young entrepreneurs with a viable market-oriented project proposal and newly established enterprise; (c) MSMES and cooperatives in high job creation potential value chains. PDO Indicators: Beneficiaries of youth employment centers services who are inserted after project intervention (Number) (of which female, NEET, and inhabitants of rural areas (IBRD US$55 million, FY19). MOSUL-Youth Inclusion Through Cultural and Creative Industries (P178770). PDO: to increase access by the targeted youth to skills development opportunities, livelihoods and entrepreneu- rship support in the cultural and creative sectors, and foster community cultural development initiatives in Mosul. Components: 1. Supporting youth skills development for increased emplo- yability and entrepreneurship. The project provides soft skills and vocational training for the cultural and creative industries. Grants for youth micro-entrepreneurship in these industries are also offered by the project. 2. Fostering youth engagement to revive the local cultural and creative economy and enhancing civic engagement through local cultural community initiatives. The project provides grants for local cultural community initiatives in which you can participate in designing and implementing local cultural community subprojects that bring different social groups together and empower cultural heritage and Mosul’s cultural identity and pride. 3. Project Management. Project beneficiaries: This project only targets youth which a primary focus on internally displaced, returnees, host community youth, and female youth. Indicators: number of direct project beneficiaries (of which are female and internally displaced people). Percentage of youth beneficiaries reporting an increase in income as a result of micro-entrepreneurship acti- vities (of which are female and internally displaced people). Percentage of youth beneficiaries reporting greater community cohesion, tolerance at community level and positive relationship with other groups (e.g. with IDPs and vice versa) (of which are female and internally displaced people) (trust fund US$3.15 million, FY23). South Asia Digital Jobs in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (P165684). PDO: to promote inclusion of women and youth in the digital economy. Beneficiaries: un- and under-employed youth (18-30 years) in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa with limited to no previous exposure to digital work. Components: 1. Enabling Digital Job Creation. 2. Supporting women’s empowerment and inclusion in the digital economy. 3. Project Management. The project promotes the creation of digital jobs in the province, with a particular focus on youth and women. It invested in the enabling environment and infrastructure improvements to attract business process outsourcing (BPO) companies to KP and promote job opportunities for disadvantaged youth (bottom 40% income wise) and women through online work. The second component had interventions for women under Youth Employment Program (YEP), including outreach to recruit women and girls into digital skills training programs and reduce barriers to their employment, as well as developing training modules with differentiated approaches to ensure inclusion. Also, it financed the design and operation of gender inclusive public spaces (e.g., co-working spaces and community centers) and identified key constraints facing women in accessing spaces and co-working opportunities, including transportation support, childcare support, and lack of soft skills and confidence for women in digital skills programs. Indicators: number of youth participating in digital employment training programs; number of trained youth qualifying for BPO/other digital work (trust fund US$2 million, FY18). Table of Cover contents 20 Change-Makers: Empowering youth for inclusive societies Annex 1. Methodology and Project Summaries Pakistan Community Support Project (CASA-1000) (P151075). PDO: to improve access to local infrastructure and strengthen community engagement in the project areas. Components: 1. Community outreach and Communications for CASA-1000. 2. Community Mobilization and Capacity Building. 3. Community investments in small infrastructure schemes. 4. Project Mana- gement, implementation, M&E. The project offers grants for small infrastructure projects and ensures that at least 10% of the subgrant allocation is reserved for youth activities. To facilitate subgrants, Youth Development Committees (YDCs) are established and provided with training to participate in community mobilization, participatory monitoring, and decision-making processes. The training for youth also covers soft skills, such as critical thinking, problem-solving, psycho- social awareness, leadership, teamwork, and communication, as well as conflict resolution, reconciliation, trust, and peacemaking. The youth who wish to participate in the project must attend these training sessions. Separate YDCs will be organized for male and female youth as needed. Project beneficiaries: The project is aimed at multiple groups, with a particular focus on females, including female youth. Indicators: percentage of community members participa- ting in the planning, decision-making or monitoring schemes (of which % youth and women). Percentage of community members who report increased voice in local decision-making due to the project (of which % youth and women). Percentage of community members participating in the planning, decision making or monitoring schemes (of which % youth and women) (trust funds US$15 million, FY20). Table of Cover contents 21 Change-Makers: Empowering youth for inclusive societies Annex 1. Methodology and Project Summaries Project summaries part 2 This section draws from the GPSURR (2016) stock take – “Building a Business Case for the Grea- ter Involvement of the Social, Urban, Rural, and Resilience Global Practice (GSURR) in Youth Development.” Africa Every World Bank’s Demobilization, Disarmament and Reintegration (DDR) operation in the last 20 years has included a component on child demobilization and reintegration, with specialized services provided for underage combatants. In terms of trauma, several operations, such as those indicated below, included screening and treatment for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and other psychosocial problems. Rwanda Second Emergency Demobilization and Reintegration Project (P112712) provided socioe- conomic reintegration support following demobilization, with a particular focus on female, child, and disabled ex-combatants (IDA US$8 million, FY10). Rwanda Promoting Economic Empowerment of Adolescent Girls and Young Women through vocational training and entrepre-neurship (P116360) was aimed at empowering young women and teenage girls through business development skills and training, vocational training, and scholarships to complete formal education (part of the Adolescent Girls Initiative) (trust fund US$2.7 million, FY14). Cote d’Ivoire Emergency Post Conflict Assistance Programs (P082817) provided economic rein- tegration of at-risk youth and ex-combatants by helping them secure access to nonviolent employment (IDA additional financing: US$30 million, parent project: US$120 million, FY08). Cote d’Ivoire Emergency Youth Employment and Skills Development Additional Financing (P151844) provided much-needed financial assistance to create temporary income and emplo- yment opportunities for vulnerable youth, supported professional skills training, and provided a work program for young people to gain practical experience and thereby improve their emplo- yability and increase potential earning opportunities (IDA additional financing: US$50 million, parent project—P122546: US$50 million, FY12). DRC Reinsertion and Reintegration Project (P152903) supported the social and economic reinte- gration of demobilized ex-combatants in Democratic Republic of Congo, helped rebuild commu- nities and families, and supports the ongoing peace consolidation process. (IDA US$21.5 million, trust fund US$6.5 million, FY15). Democratic Republic of Congo Emergency Demobilization and Reintegration Project (P078658) was aimed at demobilizing an estimated 150,000 ex-combatants, supporting their transition to civilian life, and contributing to the reallocation of government expenditures from defense to social and economic sectors (IDA US$245 million, trust fund US$98 million, FY05). Table of Cover contents 22 Change-Makers: Empowering youth for inclusive societies Annex 1. Methodology and Project Summaries Central African Republic Community Reintegration Project (P122099) was aimed at improving access to basic social infrastructure and economic opportunities for local communities in the targeted areas of the country’s northern territories, with a focus on youth, especially those connected to armed violence (IDA US$8.6 million , FY11). Great Lakes Emergency Sexual and Gender Based Violence and Women’s Health Project (P147489) aimed to expand the provision of integrated health and counseling services, legal aid, and econo- mic opportunities to survivors, and to mitigate the short- and medium-term impact of sexual and gender-based violence (Burundi, Democratic Republic of Congo, and Rwanda). Health services for poor and vulnerable women in Africa’s Great Lakes region, including girls and young women, were provided (IDA US$107 million, FY15). South Sudan Adolescent Girls Initiative (P116636) was aimed at social and economic empower- ment of adolescent girls and young women ages 15–24 to enable them to conduct themselves in their communities with confidence and independence and lead dignified lives. Key components included the establishment of 100 adolescent clubs for socialization activities, life skills training, livelihoods training, financial literacy training, access to savings and credit, and community sensitization activities (trust fund US$2.2 million, FY09). Europe and Central Asia Azerbaijan IDP Living Standards and Livelihoods Project (P122943) provided young interna- lly displaced people with economic opportunities through the subcomponent Youth Support Program. It also provided 1,650 young people (IDPs and non-IDPs) with vocational training and support for business start-up and tools. Providing hands-on skills to qualified young people enables them to seek employment or start their own businesses and gain some financial inde- pendence (IBRD US$78.5 million with additional financing of US$50 million, youth component: US$4 million with additional financing of US$13.8 million, FY11). Youth Inclusion Project in Armenia (P149463) promoted the social and economic inclusion of vulnerable youth in border regions of Armenia through increased access to leadership and live- lihood development opportunities (trust fund US$1 million, FY14). Kosovo Youth Development Project (P150079) promoted interethnic collaboration among youth, especially from marginalized communities; their economic opportunities; and their access to services. (trust fund grant, additional financing: US$2 million, parent project—P120021—Second Kosovo Youth Development Project: US$2.8 million, FY14). North Macedonia Children and Youth Development Project (P073483). This learning and inno- vation loan as its main development objective, sought to significantly increase social cohesion through the integration of at-risk youth from a variety of sociocultural backgrounds. It aimed to: (a) test community-based approaches to support at-risk adolescents and youth (ages 15–24), prevent their marginalization, and reduce their exposure to drug or alcohol abuse and conflict; and (b) strengthen central- and local-level institutional capacity to address issues regarding children and youth (IDA US$3.5 million, trust fund US$1 million, FY01). Table of Cover contents 23 Change-Makers: Empowering youth for inclusive societies Annex 1. Methodology and Project Summaries Youth Empowerment through Community Development in Albania (P113978) was aimed at enhancing access educational, employment, civic participation, and community development opportunities by male and female youth by: (a) improving the capacity of targeted groups in a variety of skills that support transition from the secondary-school level into the labor force; (b) broadening access of targeted groups to livelihood and employment opportunities through grants that support youth entrepreneurial activities; and (c) increasing youth inclusion of targeted groups in civic affairs through community development grants (trust fund US$1.16 million, FY08). Tajikistan Youth Social and Economic Opportunity Grant (P104006) was aimed at expanding social and economic opportunities for disadvantaged youth in poor areas of Tajikistan with the specific objectives of: (a) increasing access to information and life skills development; (b) promoting economic entrepreneurship and employability among youth; and (c) strengthening the institu- tional capacity of the State Committee of Youth, Tourism and Sports. The project provided a wide range of activities and services for the benefit of Tajik youth, including establishing three multi- purpose youth centers offering training in life skills, foreign languages, information technology, and active citizenship; providing social, legal, and migration counseling; and organizing a range of cultural and recreational activities. The project also ran a business development training and apprenticeship program and provided micro-loans to young entrepreneurs and small grants to youth NGOs around the country to organize informational and educational activities for youth in vulnerable districts (trust fund US$2.1 million, FY07). North Caucasus Youth Empowerment and Security Project1 (P114080) addressed the social dimensions of fragility, violence, and conflict in five republics and regions of the North Cauca- sus—Chechnya, Dagestan, Ingushetia, North Ossetia, and Kabardino-Balkaria—using an integra- ted, multidimensional approach to youth inclusion, including community-based youth-friendly activities, inter-republic peace and tolerance activities, and capacity support for youth-related ministries. The project’s four components were Development of Youth Centers, Trans-Caucasus Peace and Tolerance Program, Youth Fund, and Capacity Building Activities for Youth-Related Ministries of the North Caucasus (trust fund US$2.1 million, FY07). East Asia and Pacific Solomon Islands Rapid Employment Project, (P114987) targeted vulnerable urban youth and women through labor-intensive public works and life skills training (trust fund grant (P149652), US$1.55 million, Parent Project, fiscal 2011–17, IDA/trust fund grant: US$9.7 million, FY13). Papua New Guinea Urban Youth Employment Project (P114042) provides disadvantaged unemplo- yed youth with skills training, public works placement, and work experience (additional financing trust fund (P154412): US$10.8 million; parent project, IDA: US$16.3 million, FY11). 1 Online link was not available Table of Cover contents 24 Change-Makers: Empowering youth for inclusive societies Annex 1. Methodology and Project Summaries Timor-Leste-Youth Development Project (P106220) promoted youth empowerment and inclu- sion in development by expanding the capacity of and opportunities for youth groups to initiate and participate in community and local development initiatives (IDA, emergency recovery loan, US$2.1 million, FY09). Lao Young Entrepreneur Project-Supporting Talent, Entrepreneurial Potential and Success (STEPS) (P131816) and (P120599) was part of Lao PDR-Adolescent Girls Initiatives, a pilot project implemented in two rounds between 2011 and 2013. STEPS experimented with two different interventions to help young people transition to the labor market: (a) a marketplace competition to promote a culture of entrepreneurship by identifying and supporting young entrepreneurs seeking to start or expand businesses; and (b) career counseling offices to provide job placement and career counseling services to university students (trust fund, US$0.6 million, FY12). Expanding Community Approaches in Conflict Situations in Three Southernmost Provinces in Thailand (P147089) aimed to develop culturally appropriate approaches to local development that create opportunities for increased interactions among conflict-affected communities and between communities and the state apparatus through collective action to strengthen the foundation for peace. Youth as agents of peace building was a special focus of the project, including the development of a basic peace curriculum and training tailored to youth in rural areas of conflict. The project provided psychosocial services for youth volunteers and NGOs that supported victims of violence and develops alternative livelihoods for youth, especially those on the government blanket watch list (ongoing trust fund grant, US$4.2 million, FY14). Latin America and the Caribbean Safer Municipalities Project in Honduras (P130819) supported national and local authorities in planning and implementing evidence-in-formed violence prevention interventions with a parti- cular focus on school, youth, and community-based violence (IDAUS$15 million, FY13). Employment Generation Project in Honduras (P124157) provided cash-for-work opportunities to youth living in poor urban neighborhoods through their participation in short-term subprojects, including crime and violence prevention activities (trust fund grant, US $2.54 million, FY11). El Salvador Addressing Youth Violence through Cultural and Music Learning (P116646) project developed an innovative approach for crime prevention and youth social integration by using participative cultural and musical learning and networking activities in marginal areas (trust fund grant, US$1.01 million, FY11). El Salvador Municipal Citizen Security (P151949) supported integrated approaches to citizen secu- rity and employability for at-risk youth. The grant provides for: (a) technical assistance to national and local authorities in aligning municipal-level interventions with the government’s violence prevention strategy; (b) the provision of technical assistance to promote employment and inco- me-generating opportunities for at-risk youth; (c) the implementation of integrated models of community social services on youth violence prevention, with an emphasis on educational, family, and employment opportunities for gang-involved youth; and (d) the carrying out of an impact and process evaluation for the in-select neighborhoods (trust fund grant, US$1 million, FY14). Table of Cover contents 25 Change-Makers: Empowering youth for inclusive societies Annex 1. Methodology and Project Summaries Soccer Together: Rethinking How to Improve Gender Equity and Inclusion in the Education System Project (P125697) provided 1,600 Colombian children living in poverty-and violence-affected communities with skills and values by participating in playing soccer, helping them gain confidence, learn how to avoid risks, and incorporate rules of coexistence (trust fund grant, US$1.9 million, FY11). Urban Infrastructure and Safer Communities Project in Guatemala (P143495) aimed to increase access to basic urban infrastructure and services and to reduce risk factors of crime and violence in selected communities, particularly for youth (IDA US$45 million subcomponent, FY17). Integrated Community Development Project in Jamaica (P146460) aimed to enhance access to basic urban infrastructure and services and supported community safety with an emphasis on developing and strengthening programs focused on high-risk groups, particularly youth. Tech- nical assistance was provided for the adaptation of gang violence interrupters, and a homicide reduction intervention was supported (IBRD/IDA, US$42 million subcomponent, FY14). Youth Employment Project in Digital and Animation Industries in Jamaica (P148013) supported youth employment in the digital and animation industries in Jamaica, creating an ecosystem for youth entrepreneurship, access to capital through angel investing, venture capital, and innovative models; and industry growth through business development. The project targeted 15,000 young people (IBRD/IDA, US$20 million, FY15). Middle East and North Africa Southern Iraq Youth Livelihoods Development Project (P125102) supported young people who were early school leavers and/or who were working in the informal sector through employabi- lity and micro entrepreneurship activities and community development initiatives (trust fund US$2.73 million, FY11). Morocco Micro-Entrepreneurship Project (P144134) supported marginalized youth working in the informal sector through community-based business development services (trust fund US$5 million, FY11). Morocco— Supporting the Economic Inclusion of Youth (P151169) aims at improving youth access to economic opportunities while increasing the potential for job creation in the private sector. A comprehensive approach that addresses market demand- and supply-side issues is geared to increase youth access to economic opportunities and employment. Incentives will be provided for the private sector to perform a key role from early stages of implementation, involving groups of firms by industry sector, subsector, or aggregators (anchor firms) able to offer jobs under certain conditions. In particular, the project seeks private sector engagement through partnerships that will ensure that the youth not only see an improvement in their access to economic opportunities, but that they are also mentored and supported during the process of being integrated into the economy (IDA US$50 million, FY11). Table of Cover contents 26 Change-Makers: Empowering youth for inclusive societies Annex 1. Methodology and Project Summaries Tunisia Emergency Support for Youth (P120233) provided short-term income opportunities through youth-led community development, training, apprenticeships, and self-employment for young women and men in lagging regions where the revolution originated (trust fund US$2.8 million, FY12). Upper Egypt Local Development PforR (P157395) seeks to promote sustainable local development and create productive employment with the goal of reducing poverty in targeted governorates by: (a) enhancing citizen engagement, transparency, and monitoring and evaluation systems; (b) improving service and infrastructure delivery for citizens through effective and empowered local administrations; and (c) improving competitiveness, infrastructure, and the business environment for private sector-led growth (IDA US$500 million, FY17). South Asia Afghanistan Female Youth Employment Initiative (P116036) was a pilot project to promote the economic empowerment of young women— high school graduates ages 18–30—by supporting their transition from school to productive employment. The pilot is part of the global Adolescent Girls Initiative in Jordan, Haiti, Liberia, Laos, Nepal, and Rwanda (trust fund, US$3 million, FY12). Regional programs Strategic Initiative on Sexual and Gender-Based Violence contributed to prevention efforts and service provision to survivors in Democratic Republic of Congo (through provision of holistic support to surviving children), Colombia, Nepal, Papa New Guinea and Georgia. Developing Tools for Trauma-Sensitive Livelihood Interventions project seeks to enhance the response to youth development in fragile situations by: (a) deepening the knowledge base regar- ding trauma, (b) building the capacity of Bank staff to recognize trauma symptoms and their impact on behavior, and (c) integrating trauma-sensitivity into livelihood project design and implementation. Table of Cover contents 27 Change-Makers: Empowering youth for inclusive societies Annex 2: Social Development analytical work on youth T he analytical work conducted by the Global Department for Social Development focusing on youth encompasses a diverse range of products and initiatives. These efforts are designed to understand and tackle the challenges faced by youth across various countries and regions. The scope of these initiatives includes exploring areas of youth employment and economic opportunities, addressing the needs of marginalized and vulnerable youth, fostering the voice and empowerment of young individuals, preventing violence, and influencing youth policies for broader impact. Furthermore, the analytical products explore opportunities for collaboration with governments, organizations, and communities, to enhance opportunities and well-being for young people, recognizing their role as agents of positive change. Youth employment and economic opportunities ASAs focus on improving employment prospects, providing skills development and training, and creating economic opportunities for youth, especially in the context of the global virtual economy. The focus extends to leveraging Information and Communication Technology (ICT) to engage youth, promote digital entrepreneurship, and provide access to global opportunities. Examples: • ASA Youth, Jobs and ICT in Punjab (P156036) promotes youth employment in the global virtual economy in Punjab. It tests opportunities for youth employment in the digital economy through pilot programs, with the aim of scaling up based on early results. • TA Digital Jam Haiti (P153191) addresses the issue of youth unemployment among Haitians by exploring opportunities in emerging sectors like the app economy and the virtual global economy through online work opportunities. • TA Youth Employment and Renewable Energy (P145915) develops project concept notes to address youth unemployment while also exploring renewable energy opportunities beneficial to the fishery sector. Table of Cover contents 28 Change-Makers: Empowering youth for inclusive societies Annex 2: Social Development analytical work on youth Targeting marginalized and vulnerable youth A number of initiatives focus on promoting inclusion and empowering young people, placing special emphasis on distinct needs of disadvantaged populations, such as ethnic minorities, refugees and displaces persons. These analytical products explore more targeted approaches to break down barriers, reduce disparities, and foster a sense of empowerment among vulnerable groups of youth. Examples: • TA in Changing the Face of Tourism (P157867) focuses on building the capacities of young refugees through employment training and community-based tourism in West Bank and Gaza. It investigates how disadvantaged youth, particularly in refugee camps, can be empowered through job training, skills development, and employment opportunities. • ASA Investing in Vietnam’s Ethnic Minorities (P162725) seeks to enhance understanding and impact policies and initiatives related to poverty reduction to better target the speci- fic needs of diverse ethnic minority groups, with a particular focus on women and youth. • TA in Self-Reliance on IDPs (P122730) centers on informing evidence-based policymaking to support IDPs in Azerbaijan and Georgia. It also looks at how to design investments to empower IDPs, enabling them to overcome social and economic vulnerabilities, and to facilitate access to resources they need to build secure and productive lives. Youth voice and empowerment These ASAs explore opportunities for increasing youth participation in decision-making, policy formulation, and project design, recognizing their role as agents of change. They also look how to encourage social innovation, knowledge sharing, and the exchange of successful strategies among youth communities. Examples: • ASA Youth Voices – Georgia (P153703): The Youth Voices group engages with task teams working in Georgia to help them understand and address youth concerns. It focuses on strengthening youth perspectives in World Bank activities, influencing project design and implementation. • ASA Regional Youth Platform (P160149): The MENA Youth Platform provides a forum for youth-led and youth-oriented successful experiences and strategies of social innovation and resilient living. It uses an online-offline approach to enhance knowledge and learning in targeted communities, encouraging the adoption of successful strategies. Table of Cover contents 29 Change-Makers: Empowering youth for inclusive societies Annex 2: Social Development analytical work on youth Promoting peace and preventing violence Certain analytical products focus on examining youth involvement in armed violence, aiming to understand the dynamics and provide recommendations for World Bank engagement in conflict regions. Example: • ASA Risk Factors Driving Youth Involvement in Violence in Eastern DRC (P170011). This product involves a situation analysis and programming options to improve the understan- ding of youth involvement in armed violence in Eastern DRC. It provides recommendations for the World Bank’s engagement with youth in conflict regions, focusing on conflict reso- lution and positive youth engagement in public life. Influencing youth policies for broader impact & capacity building The analytical work on strengthening youth policies covers aspects such as policy advocacy, dialogue with national entities, capacity building, and establishing advisory councils to address youth marginalization and promote their integration into society. Examples: • TA Support to Youth Empowerment (P158553) supports engagements in Jordan that involve consultations and dialogue with national entities, donor organizations, and NGOs. It explo- res opportunities for establishing a youth advisory council and building the capacity of national organizations to deliver services for youth integration. • ASA Migration and Entrepreneurship in NEPAL with a focus on Youth: An Analysis (P130469) generates knowledge on young migrant returnees, particularly females, focusing on skills, attitudes, and values related to gender, social inclusion, and cohesion. It identifies oppor- tunities that can contribute to informing the government’s existing policies and ongoing programs on youth, entrepreneurship, and employment. The following table provides a more detailed overview. Table of Cover contents 30 Change-Makers: Empowering youth for inclusive societies Annex 2: Social Development analytical work on youth Table 1: Analytical work (ASA, TA, AAA, Internal products) focusing on youth carried out by Social Development Type of Fiscal Product Name P-code Region Country Development objective/Description operation year Youth employment and beyond KP: Youth & Digital P155152 ASA FY20 SAR Pakistan To promote youth inclusion and empowerment through Inclusion facilitating opportunities in digital entrepreneurship. KSB-Global Youth Devel- P158612 Internal FY18 World To identify and expand business development oppor- opment Solutions Product tunities to address youth inclusion and employment challenges across regions. It seeks to expand and improve the quality of the current World Bank youth lending portfolio through larger scale operations and advisory services. Improving Youth Well-Be- P155495 ASA FY16 MENA Djibouti To improve youth wellbeing and opportunities through ing and Opportunities in reducing qat consumption by (a) raising awareness of Djibouti by Reducing Qat the impacts of qat (information/ education/commu- Consumption nication) (b) building capacity and vocational training of young women and men in employable and life skills and (c) seeking internships/jobs for a selected number. Youth, Jobs and ICT in P156036 ASA FY16 SAR Pakistan To promote youth employment in the global virtual Punjab economy in the province of Punjab. The activities of this NLTA are structured as a pilot program to test the opportunities for youth employment in the digital economy in Punjab, with the objective of scaling up the program based on early results. Youth and Gender Social P157457 ASA FY16 SAR Maldives To support activities that facilitate a policy dialogue Inclusion and Economic around gender issues as well as explore opportunities Empowerment in the for creative engagement and inclusion of young men Maldives and women. Digital Jam Haiti P153191 TA FY16 LAC Haiti To seek solutions to curb youth unemployment among Haitian youths in new sectors such as the app econ- omy and the virtual global economy via online work opportunities. Reducing inequalities P127780 TA FY15 Africa To combine the analytical lessons from a global stock and enhancing inclusion take of innovative youth inclusion, empowerment, and for youth empower- employment initiatives, as well as a country-level analy- ment, and employment sis of ongoing youth programs in the three target coun- initiatives tries in the Africa Region (Kenya, Nigeria, and Sierra in community driven Leone) in order to generate lessons that could feed into development the design of these or future CDD operations. Youth employment and P145915 TA FY15 AFE Somalia To develop appropriate project concept notes to tackle renewable energy youth employment and address renewable energy opportunities to benefit the fishery sector Table of Cover contents 31 Change-Makers: Empowering youth for inclusive societies Annex 2: Social Development analytical work on youth Type of Fiscal Product Name P-code Region Country Development objective/Description operation year JM Youth Empowerment P125627 TA FY14 LAC Jamaica To contribute to the reduction of youth exclusion from via ICT solutions and economic and labor market participation in Jamaica by Creative Industries promoting opportunities in emerging sectors such as the ICT and creative industries. Lao PDR-Adolescent P131816 TA FY14 EAP Laos To assist the country in realizing the potential of young Girls Initiatives (Phase II) people, in particular young women, toward economic growth and stability through the dual promotion of entrepreneurship and employment interventions. Migration and Entrepre- P130469 ASA FY13 SAR Nepal To generate knowledge on the situation of young neurship in NEPAL with migrant returnees, especially females, with a focus a focus on Youth: An on skills, attitudes, and values especially on issues of Analysis gender, social inclusion, social cohesion and gover- nance; and to identify opportunities to inform GoN’s existing policies and ongoing programs and activities relating to youth, entrepreneurship and employment. 5M-AWI Youth Initiative P123516 ASA FY16 MENA To expand young people’s economic opportunities, improving youth integration in the labor market and increasing participation, with a special focus on disad- vantaged youth, across Arab countries. Changing the Face of P157867 TA FY16 MENA West To improve livelihoods and empower youth in refugee Tourism Bank and camps in the West Bank by providing employment Gaza training and experience in community-based tourism. To address the issue of unemployment in refugee camps in West Bank, this project aims to provide valu- able job training to a group of young refugees in the field of community-based tourism. Social and Economic P147018 ASA FY15 SAR Pakistan To promote the inclusion and empowerment of young Empowerment of Youth men and women in Pakistan’s Khyber Pakhtunkhwa through ICT solutions province. This will be done by (i) exploring ICT-based solutions to engaging youth on improving governance and addressing civic issues, and (ii) promoting inclu- sion in economic activities and labor markets through opportunities in the global virtual economy. Breaking the Barriers to P120911 AAA FY14 MENA Tunisia The objective of this policy study is three-fold: (i) to Youth Inclusion identify and analyze key barriers to economic and active citizenship opportunities encountered by young Tunisian men and women; (ii) to provide recommenda- tions for policy and programming on how to address such barriers; and (iii) to assess the access, the quality and the impact of various public services and programs for young people. Table of Cover contents 32 Change-Makers: Empowering youth for inclusive societies Annex 2: Social Development analytical work on youth Type of Fiscal Product Name P-code Region Country Development objective/Description operation year TN-Socio-Economic P127418 AAA FY14 MENA Tunisia To collect timely data to prepare an assessment of Assessment of Peri-Ur- the socio-economic inequality and vulnerability of ban Areas Tunisians, especially youth, in the urban areas of the country. Rwanda Promoting P116360 TA FY11 AFE Rwanda To improve employment, incomes and empower- Economic Empowerment ment of targeted disadvantaged adolescent girls and of Adolescent Girls and young women (age 15-24 years), in two urban and two Young Women through rural districts of Rwanda, and to test two integrated vocational training and models for promoting education, empowerment and entrepreneurship employment. Urban Youth Empower- P113966 TA FY10 EAP Papua To provide socially and economically disadvantaged ment Studies New urban youth short-term employment experience Guinea opportunities utilizing labor-intensive methods; and to expand programs that provide the knowledge and skills for employment. MA-Creating Self-Em- P115463 Internal FY09 MENA Morocco Undertake a socio-economic study of three localities in ployment Opportunities Product Morocco. (the documents are not submitted per CMU for Unemployed Young request). People Migration and Entrepre- P130469 ASA FY13 SAR Nepal To generate knowledge on the situation of young neurship in NEPAL with migrant returnees, especially females, with a focus a focus on Youth: An on skills, attitudes and values especially on issues of Analysis gender, social inclusion, social cohesion and gover- nance; and to identify opportunities to inform GoN’s existing policies and ongoing programs and activities relating to youth, entrepreneurship and employment. 5M-AWI Youth Initiative P123516 ASA FY16 MENA To expand young people’s economic opportunities, improving youth integration in the labor market and increasing participation, with a special focus on disad- vantaged youth, across Arab countries. Social and Economic P147018 ASA FY15 SAR Pakistan To promote the inclusion and empowerment of young Empowerment of Youth men and women in Pakistan’s Khyber Pakhtunkhwa through ICT solutions province. This will be done by (i) exploring ICT-based solutions to engaging youth on improving governance and addressing civic issues, and (ii) promoting inclu- sion in economic activities and labor markets through opportunities in the global virtual economy. TN-Socio-Economic P127418 AAA FY14 MENA Tunisia To collect timely data to prepare an assessment of Assessment of Peri-Ur- the socio-economic inequality and vulnerability of ban Areas Tunisians, especially youth, in the urban areas of the country. Table of Cover contents 33 Change-Makers: Empowering youth for inclusive societies Annex 2: Social Development analytical work on youth Type of Fiscal Product Name P-code Region Country Development objective/Description operation year Rwanda Promoting P116360 TA FY11 AFE Rwanda To improve employment, incomes and empower- Economic Empowerment ment of targeted disadvantaged adolescent girls and of Adolescent Girls and young women (age 15-24 years), in two urban and two Young Women through rural districts of Rwanda, and to test two integrated vocational training and models for promoting education, empowerment and entrepreneurship employment. Urban Youth Empower- P113966 TA FY10 EAP Papua To provide socially and economically disadvantaged ment Studies New urban youth short-term employment experience Guinea opportunities utilizing labor-intensive methods; and to expand programs that provide the knowledge and skills for employment. MA-Creating Self-Em- P115463 Internal FY09 MENA Morocco Undertake a socio-economic study of three localities in ployment Opportunities Product Morocco. (the documents are not submitted per CMU for Unemployed Young request). People Migration and Entrepre- P130469 ASA FY13 SAR Nepal To generate knowledge on the situation of young neurship in NEPAL with migrant returnees, especially females, with a focus a focus on Youth: An on skills, attitudes and values especially on issues Analysis of gender, social inclusion, social cohesion and governance; and to identify opportunities to inform GoN’s existing policies and ongoing programs and activities relating to youth, entrepreneurship and employment. 5M-AWI Youth Initiative P123516 ASA FY16 MENA To expand young people’s economic opportunities, improving youth integration in the labor market and increasing participation, with a special focus on disad- vantaged youth, across Arab countries. Social and Economic P147018 ASA FY15 SAR Pakistan To promote the inclusion and empowerment of Empowerment of Youth young men and women in Pakistan’s Khyber Pakh- through ICT solutions tunkhwa province. This will be done by (i) exploring ICT-based solutions to engaging youth on improving governance and addressing civic issues, and (ii) promoting inclusion in economic activities and labor markets through opportunities in the global virtual economy. TN-Socio-Economic P127418 AAA FY14 MENA Tunisia To collect timely data to prepare an assessment of Assessment of Peri-Ur- the socio-economic inequality and vulnerability of ban Areas Tunisians, especially youth, in the urban areas of the country. Table of Cover contents 34 Change-Makers: Empowering youth for inclusive societies Annex 2: Social Development analytical work on youth Type of Fiscal Product Name P-code Region Country Development objective/Description operation year Rwanda Promoting P116360 TA FY11 AFE Rwanda To improve employment, incomes and empower- Economic Empowerment ment of targeted disadvantaged adolescent girls and of Adolescent Girls and young women (age 15-24 years), in two urban and two Young Women through rural districts of Rwanda, and to test two integrated vocational training and models for promoting education, empowerment and entrepreneurship employment. Urban Youth Empower- P113966 TA FY10 EAP Papua To provide socially and economically disadvantaged ment Studies New urban youth short-term employment experience Guinea opportunities utilizing labor-intensive methods; and to expand programs that provide the knowledge and skills for employment. MA-Creating Self-Em- P115463 Internal FY09 MENA Morocco Undertake a socio-economic study of three localities in ployment Opportunities Product Morocco. (the documents are not submitted per CMU for Unemployed Young request). People Migration and Entrepre- P130469 ASA FY13 SAR Nepal To generate knowledge on the situation of young neurship in NEPAL with migrant returnees, especially females, with a focus a focus on Youth: An on skills, attitudes and values especially on issues of Analysis gender, social inclusion, social cohesion and gover- nance; and to identify opportunities to inform GoN’s existing policies and ongoing programs and activities relating to youth, entrepreneurship and employment. 5M-AWI Youth Initiative P123516 ASA FY16 MENA To expand young people’s economic opportunities, improving youth integration in the labor market and increasing participation, with a special focus on disad- vantaged youth, across Arab countries. Social and Economic P147018 ASA FY15 SAR Pakistan To promote the inclusion and empowerment of young Empowerment of Youth men and women in Pakistan’s Khyber Pakhtunkhwa through ICT solutions province. This will be done by (i) exploring ICT-based solutions to engaging youth on improving governance and addressing civic issues, and (ii) promoting inclu- sion in economic activities and labor markets through opportunities in the global virtual economy. Breaking the Barriers to P120911 AAA FY14 MENA Tunisia The objective of this policy study is three-fold: (i) to Youth Inclusion identify and analyze key barriers to economic and active citizenship opportunities encountered by young Tunisian men and women; (ii) to provide recommenda- tions for policy and programming on how to address such barriers; and (iii) to assess the access, the quality and the impact of various public services and programs for young people. Table of Cover contents 35 Change-Makers: Empowering youth for inclusive societies Annex 2: Social Development analytical work on youth Type of Fiscal Product Name P-code Region Country Development objective/Description operation year TN-Socio-Economic P127418 AAA FY14 MENA Tunisia To collect timely data to prepare an assessment of Assessment of Peri-Ur- the socio-economic inequality and vulnerability of ban Areas Tunisians, especially youth, in the urban areas of the country. Rwanda Promoting P116360 TA FY11 AFE Rwanda To improve employment, incomes and empower- Economic Empowerment ment of targeted disadvantaged adolescent girls and of Adolescent Girls and young women (age 15-24 years), in two urban and two Young Women through rural districts of Rwanda, and to test two integrated vocational training and models for promoting education, empowerment and entrepreneurship employment. Urban Youth Empower- P113966 TA FY10 EAP Papua To provide socially and economically disadvantaged ment Studies New urban youth short-term employment experience Guinea opportunities utilizing labor-intensive methods; and to expand programs that provide the knowledge and skills for employment. MA-Creating Self-Em- P115463 Internal FY09 MENA Morocco Undertake a socio-economic study of three localities in ployment Opportunities Product Morocco. (the documents are not submitted per CMU for Unemployed Young request). People TFESSD Youth and Devel- P098258 TA FY08 Africa Enhance knowledge on youth and development in opment in Conflict-Af- conflict-affected contexts: This component involves fected Countries analytical work in two areas: (a) Youth development, training and employment programming in post-con- flict settings. (b) Rapid youth needs assessment in post-conflict settings. Youth voice and empowerment Strengthening Youth P172308 ASA FY21 AFW Niger To strengthen the evidence base on barriers to civic Civic and Community participation for youth in select communities in Niger, Engagement in Niger with specific focus on communities at risk of violent extremism. The results of the study will identify opera- tional entry points to address these barriers through, inter alia, life-skills development and community engagement. Regional Youth Platform P160149 ASA FY21 MENA Regional To provide a forum of youth-led (external) and youth-oriented (internal) successful experiences and strategies of social innovation and resilient living. Through a combined online-offline approach, the aim in improving access is to enhance the knowledge and learning of the targeted MENA communities. Table of Cover contents 36 Change-Makers: Empowering youth for inclusive societies Annex 2: Social Development analytical work on youth Type of Fiscal Product Name P-code Region Country Development objective/Description operation year Supporting Youth P161834 ASA FY18 MENA Jordan To facilitate opportunities for youth engagement in Engagement and policy making and strengthen their participation in the Participation delivery of World Bank operations. Egypt Youth Engagement P158641 ASA FY17 MENA Egypt To promote and mainstream youth inclusion in Egypt through the WB portfolio. Key pillars: (i) Mainstreaming Youth Inclusion across selected WB projects; (ii) a Youth Monitoring & Evaluation, including Third Party Monitoring (TPM) to engage youth associations for monitoring of WB financed projects; and (iii) Entre- preneurship, Outreach and Communication, which includes an Entrepreneurship Grant Challenge for youth and other outreach activities. Support to Youth P158553 TA FY16 MENA Jordan To address youth marginalization in Jordan through Empowerment a series of engagements that involve i) consultations and dialogue with national entities and other donor organizations/INGOs active in this area; ii) dialogue around the establishment of a youth advisory council and iii) a final design of a project proposal that seeks to build capacity of national organizations to deliver services that help with the integration of youth into their society. Youth Voices – Georgia P153703 Internal FY16 ECA Georgia To engage in dialogue with young people so as to Product include their point of view and priorities in WB projects and strategies as well as in broader devel- opment issues. This task encompasses two sets of activities. The first is meant to engage the Youth Voices group further into the work of the Bank and the second supports the Youth Voices in their efforts to address the problems of youth in Georgia. Social and Economic P147018 ASA FY15 SAR Pakistan To promote the inclusion and empowerment of young Empowerment of Youth men and women in Pakistan’s Khyber Pakhtunkhwa through ICT solutions province. This will be done by (i) exploring ICT-based solutions to engaging youth on improving governance and addressing civic issues, and (ii) promoting inclu- sion in economic activities and labor markets through opportunities in the global virtual economy. Table of Cover contents 37 Change-Makers: Empowering youth for inclusive societies Annex 2: Social Development analytical work on youth Type of Fiscal Product Name P-code Region Country Development objective/Description operation year Breaking the Barriers to P120911 AAA FY14 MENA Tunisia The objective of this policy study is three-fold: (i) to Youth Inclusion identify and analyze key barriers to economic and active citizenship opportunities encountered by young Tunisian men and women); (ii) to provide recommen- dations for policy and programming on how to address such barriers; and (iii) to assess the access, the quality and the impact of various public services and programs for young people. Pacific Youth Engage- P116999 Internal FY13 EAP Pacific Roll-out of the Youth Engagement Strategy. Outputs ment Strategy Product Islands include: i) consultations with pacific sectoral teams; ii) literature review; iii) development of M&E framework and strategy indicators. Morocco: Promoting P102425 ASA FY12 MENA Morocco Analysis of factors that contribute to youth exclusion Youth Opportunities and and vulnerability; Stock taking of youth initiatives in Participation Morocco and documenting international; Building local capacity for designing evidence based operations. Global Stocktaking P128925 Internal FY12 World A stocktaking of cases where youth have themselves of ICT, Youth & Good Product developed innovative tools and/or used existing ICT Governance tools to promote youth voice and promote the demand side of good governance. Promoting peace and preventing violence Tajikistan: Strengthening P173967 ASA FY22 ECA Tajikistan To enhance the capacity of the National Social Youth Resilience to Radi- Investment Fund of Tajikistan to deliver high quality calization and Violence socio-economic support services to at-risk youth and female-headed households through the Tajikistan Socio-Economic Resilience Strengthening Project. Risk Factors Driving P170011 ASA FY20 AFE DRC To improve the understanding the dynamics of youth Youth Involvement in involvement in armed violence in Eastern DRC with a Violence in Eastern DRC focus on North Kivu and; to lay out a set of recommen- – Situation analysis and dations for the WB´s engagement with youth through programing options its operational work in Eastern DRC. Youth in the Western P164323 ASA FY20 ECA Kosovo To pilot preventative approaches to increase youth Balkans – Promoting resilience to various risks at the individual, community Peace and Security and sub national levels in selected municipalities of Kosovo Table of Cover contents 38 Change-Makers: Empowering youth for inclusive societies Annex 2: Social Development analytical work on youth Type of Fiscal Product Name P-code Region Country Development objective/Description operation year Youth as Agents of P152600 ASA FY18 Global To develop an operational framework aimed at support- Peace: A Global Study ing the positive contributions of young people to peace with Policy Implications and their active positive engagement in public life. This framework will also enable development interventions to support the involvement of young men and women in violence prevention and resolution of conflict. Identifying the links P125926 ASA FY14 AFW Liberia, 1) To describe and explain some of the mechanisms between exclusion and Sierra leading to youth exclusion in Liberia and Sierra Leone. youth violence in Liberia Leone 2) To identify the potential determinants leading and Sierra Leone excluded youth populations to become violent in Liberia and Sierra Leone. 3) To identify initiatives and policies with the potential to address exclusion and to have an effect on the determinants leading excluded populations to become violent. M&E and Coordination of P115331 TA FY11 LAC Mexico To produce (i) a diagnosis of the supply of federal Youth Violence Preven- programs which include unemployed, out-of-school tion Policy in Mexico youth living in high violence urban areas among their beneficiary population, (ii) a set of indicators to monitor the performance of those programs, and (iii) policy recommendations to strengthen the youth violence prevention policy of the federal government. MX – (JIT) Citizen P143218 TA FY13 LAC Mexico To increase capacity, deepen knowledge, and promote Security best practices in youth violence prevention. This activity will finance the following types of activities: – Events/forums on youth development/ youth violence prevention in Mexico- Social media campaigns on youth violence prevention in Mexico- Development of a platform on youth development, with a focus on youth violence prevention Incorporating Human P125618 AAA FY12 World To provide an entry point for the WB to start engaging Rights Principles into with the Governments of Mexico and South Africa in Youth Violence Program- the area of youth violence prevention. ming and Policy Dialogue in Mexico and South Africa Table of Cover contents 39 Change-Makers: Empowering youth for inclusive societies Annex 2: Social Development analytical work on youth Type of Fiscal Product Name P-code Region Country Development objective/Description operation year Youth in Post-Conflict P112241 AAA FY08 AFE Burundi Four objectives: (a) to understand how poor and Burundi: Exclusion, excluded youth are coping in post-conflict Burundi Gender and Prospects for with a view to determining if they pose a major risk Peace and Reconciliation to renewed fighting and conflict; (b) to examine how gender dynamics plays out in Burundi and how these contribute to increased risk of renewed conflict; (c) to identify policies and programs in place to support poor youth; and (d) to identify the implications of findings in terms of policy and programming recommendations. Targeting marginalized and vulnerable youth Investing in Vietnam’s P162725 ASA FY22 EAP Vietnam To share knowledge and to inform and influence poli- Ethnic Minorities cies and programs on poverty reduction to more effec- tively target the needs of the diverse ethnic minority groups, particularly women and youth. Migration and Entrepre- P130469 ASA FY13 SAR Nepal To generate knowledge on the situation of young neurship in NEPAL with migrant returnees, especially females, with a focus a focus on Youth: An on skills, attitudes and values especially on issues of Analysis gender, social inclusion, social cohesion and gover- nance; and to identify opportunities to inform GoN’s existing policies and ongoing programs and activities relating to youth, entrepreneurship and employment. Identifying the links P125926 ASA FY14 AFW Liberia, 1) To describe and explain some of the mechanisms between exclusion and Sierra leading to youth exclusion in Liberia and Sierra Leone. youth violence in Liberia Leone 2) To identify the potential determinants leading and Sierra Leone excluded youth populations to become violent in Liberia and Sierra Leone. 3) To identify initiatives and policies with the potential to address exclusion and to have an effect on the determinants leading excluded populations to become violent. M&E and Coordination of P115331 TA FY11 LAC Mexico To produce (i) a diagnosis of the supply of federal Youth Violence Preven- programs which include unemployed, out-of-school tion Policy in Mexico youth living in high violence urban areas among their beneficiary population, (ii) a set of indicators to monitor the performance of those programs, and (iii) policy recommendations to strengthen the youth violence prevention policy of the federal government. Table of Cover contents 40 Change-Makers: Empowering youth for inclusive societies Annex 2: Social Development analytical work on youth Type of Fiscal Product Name P-code Region Country Development objective/Description operation year MX – (JIT) Citizen P143218 TA FY13 LAC Mexico To increase capacity, deepen knowledge, and promote Security best practices in youth violence prevention. This activity will finance the following types of activities: – Events/forums on youth development/ youth violence prevention in Mexico- Social media campaigns on youth violence prevention in Mexico- Development of a platform on youth development, with a focus on youth violence prevention Incorporating Human P125618 AAA FY12 World To provide an entry point for the WB to start engaging Rights Principles into with the Governments of Mexico and South Africa in Youth Violence Program- the area of youth violence prevention. ming and Policy Dialogue in Mexico and South Africa Youth in Post-Conflict P112241 AAA FY08 AFE Burundi Four objectives: (a) to understand how poor and Burundi: Exclusion, excluded youth are coping in post-conflict Burundi Gender and Prospects for with a view to determining if they pose a major risk Peace and Reconciliation to renewed fighting and conflict; (b) to examine how gender dynamics plays out in Burundi and how these contribute to increased risk of renewed conflict; (c) to identify policies and programs in place to support poor youth; and (d) to identify the implications of findings in terms of policy and programming recommendations. Targeting marginalized and vulnerable youth Investing in Vietnam’s P162725 ASA FY22 EAP Vietnam To share knowledge and to inform and influence poli- Ethnic Minorities cies and programs on poverty reduction to more effec- tively target the needs of the diverse ethnic minority groups, particularly women and youth. Migration and Entrepre- P130469 ASA FY13 SAR Nepal To generate knowledge on the situation of young neurship in NEPAL with migrant returnees, especially females, with a focus a focus on Youth: An on skills, attitudes and values especially on issues of Analysis gender, social inclusion, social cohesion and gover- nance; and to identify opportunities to inform GoN’s existing policies and ongoing programs and activities relating to youth, entrepreneurship and employment. Identifying the links P125926 ASA FY14 AFW Liberia, 1) To describe and explain some of the mechanisms between exclusion and Sierra leading to youth exclusion in Liberia and Sierra Leone. youth violence in Liberia Leone 2) To identify the potential determinants leading and Sierra Leone excluded youth populations to become violent in Liberia and Sierra Leone. 3) To identify initiatives and policies with the potential to address exclusion and to have an effect on the determinants leading excluded populations to become violent. Table of Cover contents 41 Change-Makers: Empowering youth for inclusive societies Annex 2: Social Development analytical work on youth Type of Fiscal Product Name P-code Region Country Development objective/Description operation year M&E and Coordination of P115331 TA FY11 LAC Mexico To produce (i) a diagnosis of the supply of federal Youth Violence Preven- programs which include unemployed, out-of-school tion Policy in Mexico youth living in high violence urban areas among their beneficiary population, (ii) a set of indicators to monitor the performance of those programs, and (iii) policy recommendations to strengthen the youth violence prevention policy of the federal government. MX – (JIT) Citizen P143218 TA FY13 LAC Mexico To increase capacity, deepen knowledge, and promote Security best practices in youth violence prevention. This activity will finance the following types of activities: – Events/forums on youth development/ youth violence prevention in Mexico- Social media campaigns on youth violence prevention in Mexico- Development of a platform on youth development, with a focus on youth violence prevention Incorporating Human P125618 AAA FY12 World To provide an entry point for the WB to start engaging Rights Principles into with the Governments of Mexico and South Africa in Youth Violence Program- the area of youth violence prevention. ming and Policy Dialogue in Mexico and South Africa Youth in Post-Conflict P112241 AAA FY08 AFE Burundi Four objectives: (a) to understand how poor and Burundi: Exclusion, excluded youth are coping in post-conflict Burundi Gender and Prospects for with a view to determining if they pose a major risk Peace and Reconciliation to renewed fighting and conflict; (b) to examine how gender dynamics plays out in Burundi and how these contribute to increased risk of renewed conflict; (c) to identify policies and programs in place to support poor youth; and (d) to identify the implications of findings in terms of policy and programming recommendations. Targeting marginalized and vulnerable youth Investing in Vietnam’s P162725 ASA FY22 EAP Vietnam To share knowledge and to inform and influence poli- Ethnic Minorities cies and programs on poverty reduction to more effec- tively target the needs of the diverse ethnic minority groups, particularly women and youth. Migration and Entrepre- P130469 ASA FY13 SAR Nepal To generate knowledge on the situation of young neurship in NEPAL with migrant returnees, especially females, with a focus a focus on Youth: An on skills, attitudes and values especially on issues of Analysis gender, social inclusion, social cohesion and gover- nance; and to identify opportunities to inform GoN’s existing policies and ongoing programs and activities relating to youth, entrepreneurship and employment. Table of Cover contents 42 Change-Makers: Empowering youth for inclusive societies Annex 2: Social Development analytical work on youth Type of Fiscal Product Name P-code Region Country Development objective/Description operation year Improving Youth Well-Be- P155495 ASA FY16 MENA Djibouti To improve youth wellbeing and opportunities through ing and Opportunities in reducing qat consumption by (a) raising awareness of Djibouti by Reducing Qat the impacts of qat (information/ education/commu- Consumption nication) (b) building capacity and vocational training of young women and men in employable and life skills and (c) seeking internships/jobs for a selected number. Aceh Community Ranger P146354 Impact FY16 EAP Indonesia To evaluate the impacts of the Community Ranger Program IE Evalua- Program (CRP) on environmental conservation and tion social integration. The IE will study how a communi- ty-centric intervention can help to establish legitimate and sustainable institutions for environmental protec- tion in Aceh, and how the economic and psychological benefits of participating in the program contribute to the social integration of ex-combatants and at-risk youth in post-conflict rural communities. Changing the Face of P157867 TA FY16 MENA West To improve livelihoods and empower youth in refugee Tourism Bank and camps in the West Bank by providing employment Gaza training and experience in community-based tourism. To address the issue of unemployment in refugee camps in Palestine, this project aims to provide valu- able job training to a group of young refugees in the field of community-based tourism. Self Reliance for IDPs P122730 TA FY14 ECA Caucasus The analysis of the livelihoods of internally displaced persons in Azerbaijan and Georgia as well as review of the successes and weaknesses of current efforts to support IDP’s economic opportunities, with the objec- tive of:1) formulation of evidence-based policy making by the Governments of Azerbaijan, Georgia and the World Bank on how better to support the livelihoods of IDPs; 2) design of appropriate investments to enable IDPs to overcome their social and economic vulnerabil- ity and access the resources they need to build secure and productive lives. Youth in Post-Conflict P112241 AAA FY08 AFE Burundi Four objectives: (a) to understand how poor and Burundi: Exclusion, excluded youth are coping in post-conflict Burundi Gender and Prospects for with a view to determining if they pose a major risk Peace and Reconciliation to renewed fighting and conflict; (b) to examine how gender dynamics plays out in Burundi and how these contribute to increased risk of renewed conflict; (c) to identify policies and programs in place to support poor youth; and (d) to identify the implications of findings in terms of policy and programming recommendations. Table of Cover contents 43 Change-Makers: Empowering youth for inclusive societies Annex 2: Social Development analytical work on youth Type of Fiscal Product Name P-code Region Country Development objective/Description operation year MNA-Regional Social P115439 Internal FY09 MENA To take stock of the social dimensions of HIV/ Aids with Assessment/Youth HIV Product a particular focus on youth in MNA. Aids Study Influencing youth policies for a broader impact & capacity building Strengthen Capacity of P161162 TA FY17 ECA Georgia To assess the profile and needs of young NEETs in Ministry of Sport and Georgia as well as to assist the MSYA in determining Youth Affairs to Address gaps in services and better defining targets to support Needs of Youth Not in needs of this group though its activities. Employment, Education or Training Support to Youth P158553 TA FY16 MENA Jordan To address youth marginalization in Jordan through Empowerment a series of engagements that involve i) consultations and dialogue with national entities and other donor organizations/INGOs active in this area; ii) dialogue around the establishment of a youth advisory council and iii) a final design of a project proposal that seeks to build capacity of national organizations to deliver services that help with the integration of youth into their society. Aceh Community Ranger P146354 Impact FY16 EAP Indonesia To evaluate the impacts of the Community Ranger Program IE Evalua- Program (CRP) on environmental conservation and tion social integration. The IE studies how a communi- ty-centric intervention can help to establish legitimate and sustainable institutions for environmental protec- tion in Aceh, and how the economic and psychological benefits of participating in the program contribute to the social integration of ex-combatants and at-risk youth in post-conflict rural communities. Shaping a New Future for P130561 ASA FY15 SAR Maldives To support analytical work (AAA) that examines the Young Women and Men components and outcomes of healthy youth develop- through Engagement ment in the Maldives from a gender perspective, and Empowerment in the i.e. for both young women and men. Specific objectives Maldives of the AAA are: (i) to identify factors that lead to posi- tive development of youth (m/f) as well as risk factors, including at the family, community, and institutional space; and (ii) to propose the role of government, the business sector and civil society in enhancing youth development. Table of Cover contents 44 Change-Makers: Empowering youth for inclusive societies Annex 2: Social Development analytical work on youth Type of Fiscal Product Name P-code Region Country Development objective/Description operation year Social Development P104362 TA FY13 ECA To provide selected Governments of South East Europe Initiative for South East (i.e. Bosnia Herzegovina, Kosovo, Moldova and North Europe (SDISEE 2) Macedonia), with the capacity to develop and imple- ment national and local youth development policies, as well as pilot projects to address youth social integra- tion in South East Europe. Youth Policy Work P099173 Internal FY08 ECA Turkiye Paper is part of a wider TA program with the govern- Product ment of Turkey which aims to summarize, for the Bank audience, the findings from an array of activities (Japan Social Development Fund (JSDF) Grant on Youth Devel- opment and Inclusion, dialogue to develop understand- ing through the Youth Voices Program and support to the development of more coherent actions to Turkey on youth issues through the United Nations Thematic Group on Youth). Real Time Monitoring of P125068 Internal FY14 ECA 1. Scale up and sustaining piecemeal current program Social Impacts & Crisis Product of social impact monitoring of the financial crisis, to Response and Recovery expand promising analytical initiatives and extend In ECA coverage. 2. Initiate new real-time monitoring and rapid social analysis of idiosyncratic shocks and impacts and responses of distinct social groups (particularly women and youth). 3. Initiate a program of rapid qualitative assessment of anti-crisis recovery measures. Support to Youth P158553 TA FY16 MENA Jordan To address youth marginalization in Jordan through Empowerment a series of engagements that involve i) consultations and dialogue with national entities and other donor organizations/INGOs active in this area; ii) dialogue around the establishment of a youth advisory council and iii) a final design of a project proposal that seeks to build capacity of national organizations to deliver services that help with the integration of youth into their society. Aceh Community Ranger P146354 Impact FY16 EAP Indonesia To evaluate the impacts of the Community Ranger Program IE Evalua- Program (CRP) on environmental conservation and tion social integration. The IE studies how a communi- ty-centric intervention can help to establish legitimate and sustainable institutions for environmental protec- tion in Aceh, and how the economic and psychological benefits of participating in the program contribute to the social integration of ex-combatants and at-risk youth in post-conflict rural communities. Table of Cover contents 45 Change-Makers: Empowering youth for inclusive societies Annex 2: Social Development analytical work on youth Type of Fiscal Product Name P-code Region Country Development objective/Description operation year Shaping a New Future for P130561 ASA FY15 SAR Maldives To support analytical work (AAA) that examines the Young Women and Men components and outcomes of healthy youth develop- through Engagement ment in the Maldives from a gender perspective, and Empowerment in the i.e. for both young women and men. Specific objectives Maldives of the AAA are: (i) to identify factors that lead to posi- tive development of youth (m/f) as well as risk factors, including at the family, community, and institutional space; and (ii) to propose the role of government, the business sector and civil society in enhancing youth development. Social Development P104362 TA FY13 ECA To provide selected Governments of South East Europe Initiative for South East (i.e. Bosnia Herzegovina, Kosovo, Moldova and North Europe (SDISEE 2) Macedonia), with the capacity to develop and imple- ment national and local youth development policies, as well as pilot projects to address youth social integra- tion in South East Europe. Youth Policy Work P099173 Internal FY08 ECA Turkiye Paper is part of a wider TA program with the govern- Product ment of Turkey which aims to summarize, for the Bank audience, the findings from an array of activities (Japan Social Development Fund (JSDF) Grant on Youth Devel- opment and Inclusion, dialogue to develop understand- ing through the Youth Voices Program and support to the development of more coherent actions to Turkey on youth issues through the United Nations Thematic Group on Youth). Real Time Monitoring of P125068 Internal FY14 ECA 1. Scale up and sustaining piecemeal current program Social Impacts & Crisis Product of social impact monitoring of the financial crisis, to Response and Recovery expand promising analytical initiatives and extend In ECA coverage. 2. Initiate new real-time monitoring and rapid social analysis of idiosyncratic shocks and impacts and responses of distinct social groups (particularly women and youth). 3. Initiate a program of rapid qualitative assessment of anti-crisis recovery measures. Table of Cover contents 46 Change-Makers: Empowering youth for inclusive societies Annex 2: Social Development analytical work on youth Type of Fiscal Product Name P-code Region Country Development objective/Description operation year Bringing Vulnerability P102612 AAA FY09 AFW Senegal The activity was part of a Country Proposal for Sene- into Policy Focus -Vulner- gal untitled “Managing Risks in Rural Senegal - A able Youth and Children Multisectoral Proposal for Bringing Vulnerability into in Senegal Policy Focus”. The Trust Fund covered following tasks related to ‘Children and Youth Vulnerability in Senegal’, the second component of the Country Proposal : (i) conduct a review of rural youth and children vulner- ability to assess the nature of the phenomenon of street children and identify measures to reduce its root causes; and (ii) identify the reasons for school dropout in rural areas and propose measures to reduce the phenomenon. TP-Youth sector support P109376 TA FY09 EAP Timor- a) support the government to implement its strategy Leste and policy for the youth sector; b) provide operational support to the WB’s projects in order to enhance their support to the youth sector; c) assist in the coordina- tion of youth activities amongst government, civil soci- ety, and international agencies. Monitoring Evaluation of P119186 TA FY12 ECA To strengthen the M&E approaches in five youth Youth Projects focused projects. KSA Urban Observato- P113082 TA FY12 MENA Saudi To enhance the capacity of existing urban observato- ries: Socio-economic Arabia ries and support the development of new local urban development at the local observatories to identify issues faced by women, youth level and vulnerable groups using fully gendered household survey modules. Morocco: Promoting P102425 ASA FY12 MENA Morocco Analysis of factors that contribute to youth exclusion Youth Opportunities and and vulnerability; Stock taking of youth initiatives in Participation Morocco and documenting international; Building local capacity for designing evidence based operations. Youth Innovation Fund P117770 TA FY10 ECA To create an opportunity for young professionals at the Bank to: (a) help actively channel ideas, knowledge and energy of youth outside the Bank as stakeholders in development, and (b) provide leadership opportunities for youth within the Bank to empower them to act as catalysts for change in our client countries. KSA Urban Observato- P113082 TA FY12 MENA Saudi To enhance the capacity of existing urban observato- ries: Socio-economic Arabia ries and support the development of new local urban development at the local observatories to identify issues faced by women, youth level and vulnerable groups using fully gendered household survey modules. Table of Cover contents 47 Change-Makers: Empowering youth for inclusive societies Annex 2: Social Development analytical work on youth Type of Fiscal Product Name P-code Region Country Development objective/Description operation year Morocco: Promoting P102425 ASA FY12 MENA Morocco Analysis of factors that contribute to youth exclusion Youth Opportunities and and vulnerability; Stock taking of youth initiatives in Participation Morocco and documenting international; Building local capacity for designing evidence based operations. Youth Innovation Fund P117770 TA FY10 ECA To create an opportunity for young professionals at the Bank to: (a) help actively channel ideas, knowledge and energy of youth outside the Bank as stakeholders in development, and (b) provide leadership opportunities for youth within the Bank to empower them to act as catalysts for change in our client countries. KSA Urban Observato- P113082 TA FY12 MENA Saudi To enhance the capacity of existing urban observato- ries: Socio-economic Arabia ries and support the development of new local urban development at the local observatories to identify issues faced by women, youth level and vulnerable groups using fully gendered household survey modules. Morocco: Promoting P102425 ASA FY12 MENA Morocco Analysis of factors that contribute to youth exclusion Youth Opportunities and and vulnerability; Stock taking of youth initiatives in Participation Morocco and documenting international; Building local capacity for designing evidence based operations. Youth Innovation Fund P117770 TA FY10 ECA To create an opportunity for young professionals at the Bank to: (a) help actively channel ideas, knowledge and energy of youth outside the Bank as stakeholders in development, and (b) provide leadership opportunities for youth within the Bank to empower them to act as catalysts for change in our client countries. Table of Cover contents Global Department for Social Development