World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2020: Turkey FY 2020 Turkey Country Opinion Survey Report THE WORLD BANK GROUP Public Opinion Research Group 1 July 2020 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2020: Turkey Acknowledgements The Turkey Country Opinion Survey is part of the County Opinion Survey Program series of the World Bank Group. This report was prepared by the Public Opinion Research Group (PORG), led by Sharon Felzer (Senior Communications Officer, Head of PORG). Svetlana Markova, Jessica Cameron, and Yulia Danilina oversaw design, reporting, and analysis. Dania Mendoza, Noreen Wambui, and Irina Popova provided data support. PORG acknowledges the significant contribution from the Turkey country team and the independent fielding agency ANKON CONSULTANCY. In particular, PORG is grateful for the support from Tunya Celasin (Senior External Affairs Officer) who coordinated the survey related activities from Ankara, Turkey. 1 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2020: Turkey Table of Contents I. Objectives ...................................................................................3 II. Methodology ...............................................................................3 III. Demographics of the Sample.......................................................4 IV. Overall Context ...........................................................................8 V. Overall Attitudes Toward the World Bank Group ......................16 VI. World Bank Group’s Support in Development Areas .................21 VII. World Bank Group’s Engagement on the Ground......................24 VIII. World Bank Group’s Knowledge and Instruments .....................29 IX. The Future Role of the WBG in Turkey ......................................32 X. Communication and Outreach ................................................. 36 XI. Appendices ................................................................................40 TURKEY 2 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2020: Turkey I. Objectives This survey was designed to assist the World Bank Group (WBG) in gaining a better understanding of how stakeholders in Turkey perceive the WBG. The survey explored: ▪ Overall Context ▪ Overall Attitudes toward the World Bank Group ▪ World Bank Group’s Work and Engagement on the Ground ▪ World Bank Group’s Support in Development Areas ▪ World Bank Group’s Knowledge Work and Activities ▪ The Future Role of the World Bank Group in Turkey ▪ Communication and Information Sharing ▪ Background Information II. Methodology From January to March 2020, 827 stakeholders of the WBG in Turkey were invited to provide their opinions on the WBG’s work in the country by participating in a Country Opinion Survey. Participants were drawn from the Office of the President, Prime Minister; office of a minister; office of a parliamentarian; ministries/ministerial departments/implementation agencies; Project Management Units (PMUs) overseeing implementation of WBG projects; consultants/ contractors working on WBG-supported projects/programs; local governments; independent government institutions; the judiciary system; state-owned enterprises; bilateral and multilateral agencies; public-private partnerships; private sector organizations; the financial sector/private banks; private foundations; NGOs and community based organizations; trade unions; faith-based groups; youth groups; academia/research institutes/think tanks; the media; and other organizations. A total of 289 stakeholders participated in the survey (35% response rate). Respondents either received the questionnaires via the online survey platform Qualtrics, or they received the questionnaire via mail or email and returned it accordingly. Every country that engages in the Country Opinion Survey (COS) must include specific indicator questions that will be aggregated for the World Bank Group’s annual Corporate Scorecard. These questions are identified throughout the survey report. The results in this year’s Country Survey were compared to those in the Country Survey conducted in FY’17 (response rate was 49%, N=262). Data were weighted to reach the same stakeholder composition in two years, which allows for year comparisons. Stakeholder groups which were not present in both fiscal years were not included in the comparison. Respondents who belonged to the “other” stakeholder category were not included either. As a result, mean ratings, percentages of respondents, and the total number of respondents in both years are slightly different from those of the original data reported in the FY’17 COS report and the non- weighted data presented in appendices A, B, C and E. For the weighted stakeholder breakdown and year comparison results, please refer to Appendix D (page 75). Note that the body of the report presents data on selected questions of the survey questionnaire. Please refer to Appendix A for data on all survey questions. Appendices B, C, D, and E present data on selected questions. Additional data breakdowns are available upon request. 3 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2020: Turkey III. Demographics of the Sample Current Position ▪ Note that for further analyses, some respondent groups were combined.1 1 Employees of ministries/ministerial departments/implementation agencies were combined with respondents from PMUs/consultants/contractors working on WBG projects; respondents from bilateral agencies were combined with those from multilateral agencies; respondents from the financial sector/private banks were combined with those from private sector organizations; respondents from private foundation, NGOs/community based organizations, and trade unions were combined in the “CSO” category. A small number of respondents from the office of the President/Prime Minister and the media were combined in the “Other” category. There were no respondents from the office a minister, office of a parliamentarian, from the judicial system, faith-based groups, and from youth groups. 4 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2020: Turkey III. Demographics of the Sample (continued) Area of Primary Specialization 5 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2020: Turkey III. Demographics of the Sample (continued) Geographic Locations Exposure to Agencies within the World Bank Group 6 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2020: Turkey III. Demographics of the Sample (continued) Familiarity with the World Bank Group ▪ Year comparison: Respondents in this year’s Country Survey had statistically similar levels of familiarity with the WBG compared to respondents in the FY’17 Country Survey (weighted mean in FY’20 = 6.3; weighted mean in FY’17 = 6.1)2. ▪ Impact of familiarity: Respondents’ ratings of familiarity with the WBG were significantly, moderately correlated with their agreement that the WBG plays a relevant role in Turkey’s development, with their ratings for the WBG’s overall effectiveness in Turkey, and with their ratings of the extent to which the WBG’s work helps to achieve development results in the country. 2The means in the chart were calculated based on un-weighted data. Please refer to Appendix D (page 75) for more details on weighting. 7 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2020: Turkey IV. Overall Context Headed in the Right Direction3 ▪ Stakeholder groups: In this year’s Country Survey, respondents from the academia/research institutes/think tanks were significantly more likely to indicate that Turkey is headed in the wrong direction (77%) compared to other stakeholder groups. 3 Percentages presented in the chart were calculated based on weighted data. 8 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2020: Turkey IV. Overall Context (continued) Perceptions of Economic Opportunity 9 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2020: Turkey IV. Overall Context (continued) Perceptions of Improvement and Decline in Specific Areas 10 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2020: Turkey IV. Overall Context (continued) Development Priority ▪ Year comparison: Respondents in the previous FY’17 Country Survey indicated that the most important development priorities in Turkey were “education” (58%), “job creation/ employment” (29%), “public sector governance/reform” (20%), “economic growth” (20%), and “private sector development” (19%). ▪ “Judiciary reform” emerged among the top development priorities, with significant increase from 18% in FY’17 to 31% in FY’20. 11 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2020: Turkey IV. Overall Context (continued) What Would Contribute Most to Reducing Poverty ▪ Year comparison: Respondents in the previous FY’17 Country Survey indicated that the biggest contributors to poverty reduction in Turkey were “job creation/employment” (55%), “economic growth” (49%), “education” (37%), “equality of opportunity” (28%), and “agriculture and rural development” (27%). 12 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2020: Turkey IV. Overall Context (continued) The Impact of Global Challenges on Turkey 13 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2020: Turkey IV. Overall Context (continued) Trust in Institutions 14 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2020: Turkey IV. Overall Context (continued) Attributions for Slow/Failed Reform Efforts 15 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2020: Turkey V. Overall Attitudes Toward the World Bank Group The World Bank Group’s Overall Effectiveness4 (Indicator Question) Achieving Development Results (Indicator Question) 4 Means in the charts on this page were calculated based on weighted data. 16 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2020: Turkey V. Overall Attitudes Toward the World Bank Group (continued) Influence on Turkey’s Development Agenda (Indicator Question) WBG Staff Preparedness5 5 Means in this chart were calculated based on weighted data. 17 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2020: Turkey V. Overall Attitudes Toward the World Bank Group (continued) Overall Ratings for Indicator Questions by Stakeholder Groups ▪ Collaboration: Respondents who collaborate with the WBG had significantly higher mean ratings for the aggregated responses to the twenty-eight COS indicator questions (mean rating = 6.5) compared to respondents who do not collaborate with the WBG (mean rating = 5.5). Responses for individual indicator questions by exposure to the WBG can be found in Appendix E (page 80). 18 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2020: Turkey V. Overall Attitudes Toward the World Bank Group (continued) Greatest Value ▪ Year comparison: Respondents in the previous FY’17 Country Survey indicated that the WBG’s greatest values to Turkey were “capacity development related to WBG supported projects” (51%), “financial resources” (31%), and “policy advice, studies, analyses” (28%). 19 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2020: Turkey V. Overall Attitudes Toward the World Bank Group (continued) Greatest Weakness ▪ Year comparison: Respondents in the previous FY’17 Country Survey indicated that the WBG’s greatest weaknesses in its work in Turkey were “not enough public disclosure of its work” (21%), “not adequately sensitive to political/social realities in Turkey ” (20%), and “WBG’s processes too complex ” (19%). ▪ Impact of familiarity: Respondents who had higher levels of familiarity6 with the work of the WBG in Turkey indicated that the WBG’s greatest weaknesses were “not enough public disclosure of its work” (31%), “WBG’s processes too slow and complex” (19%), and “not willing to honestly criticize policies and reform efforts in the country” (18%). 6 Respondents who reported their levels of familiarity with the work of the WBG in Turkey as 5 and higher on a 10- point scale in question B1 were included in this category. 20 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2020: Turkey VI. World Bank Group’s Support in Development Areas Effectiveness of WBG’s Support in Sectoral Areas: Year Comparison7 7 Means presented in this chart were calculated based on weighted data. See Appendix D for details. 21 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2020: Turkey VI. WBG’s Support in Development Areas (continued) Effectiveness of WBG’s Support in Sectoral Areas: Collaboration8 8Note in the Appendix on the sectoral effectiveness (Appendix A, page 41) that primarily informed stakeholders responded to this question. Respondents were given the option of “don’t know” if they did not have exposure to the WBG’s work in certain development areas. 22 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2020: Turkey VI. WBG’s Support in Development Areas (continued) Helping the Poorest9 The WBG’s Human Capital Investment 9 Percentages presented in this chart were calculated based on weighted data. 23 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2020: Turkey VII. World Bank Group’s Work and Engagement on the Ground The World Bank Group’s Work in Turkey: Year Comparison10 The World Bank Group’s Work in Turkey: Collaboration 10 Means in this chart were calculated based on weighted data. 24 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2020: Turkey VII. WBG’s Work and Engagement on the Ground (continued) Overall Perceptions: Year Comparison11 11 Means in this chart were calculated based on weighted data. 25 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2020: Turkey VII. WBG’s Work and Engagement on the Ground (continued) Overall Perceptions: Collaboration 26 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2020: Turkey VII. WBG’s Work and Engagement on the Ground (continued) The WBG as an Effective Development Partner: Year Comparison12 12 Means in this chart were calculated based on weighted data. 27 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2020: Turkey VII. WBG’s Work and Engagement on the Ground (continued) The WBG as an Effective Development Partner: Collaboration 28 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2020: Turkey VIII. World Bank Group’s Knowledge and Instruments Frequency of Consulting WBG Knowledge Work and Activities 29 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2020: Turkey VIII. World Bank Group’s Knowledge and Instruments (continued) Meeting Turkey’s Knowledge Needs13 (Indicator Question) Contribution of the WBG’s Knowledge Work and Activities (Indicator Question) Technical Quality of the WBG’s Knowledge Work and Activities (Indicator Question) 13 Means in the charts on this page were calculated based on weighted data. 30 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2020: Turkey VIII. World Bank Group’s Knowledge and Instruments (continued) Qualities of the WBG’s Knowledge Work and Activities14 Meeting Turkey’s Needs for Financial Instruments (Indicator Question) 14 Means in the charts on this page were calculated based on weighted data. 31 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2020: Turkey IX. The Future Role of the WBG in Turkey Making the World Bank Group of Greater Value ▪ Year comparison: Respondents in the previous FY’17 Country Survey indicated that the WBG should “reach out more to groups outside of Government” (33%) and “collaborate more effectively with Government clients” (27%) to make itself of greater value in Turkey. 32 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2020: Turkey IX. The Future Role of the WBG in Turkey (continued) The World Bank Group Should Collaborate More with … ▪ Year comparison: Respondents in the FY’17 Country Survey indicated that the WBG should collaborate more with “private sector” (43%), “NGOs/community-based organizations” (34%), and “academia/think tanks/research institutes” (33%) to ensure better development results in Turkey. 33 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2020: Turkey IX. The Future Role of the WBG in Turkey (continued) Where the World Bank Group Should Focus its Resources ▪ Year comparison: Respondents in the previous FY’17 Country Survey indicated that the WBG should focus its resources on “education” (41%) and “job creation/employment” (40%). 34 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2020: Turkey IX. The Future Role of the WBG in Turkey (continued) Refugees: Donor Community’s Support Refugees: WBG’s Support 35 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2020: Turkey X. Communication and Outreach Note: When considering the World Bank Group’s future outreach with key constituencies, please see Appendix B (page 55) for selected responses by stakeholder groups. General Information Sources ▪ Year comparison: Respondents in the previous FY’17 Country Survey indicated that they got most of their information about economic and social development issues in Turkey from the “Internet” (84%). 36 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2020: Turkey X. Communication and Outreach (continued) Preferred Information Sources ▪ Year comparison: Respondents in the previous FY’17 Country Survey indicated that they would prefer to receive information from the WBG through “World Bank Group’s seminars/workshops/conferences” (41%), “e-Newsletters” (39%), “Direct contact with World Bank Group” (34%), and “World Bank Group’s website” (33%). 37 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2020: Turkey X. Communication and Outreach (continued) WBG Interaction Frequency 38 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2020: Turkey X. Communication and Outreach (continued) Frequency of Specific WBG Interactions 39 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2020: Turkey XI. Appendices A. Responses to All Questions Across All Respondents ..................... 41 B. Responses to Selected Questions by Stakeholder Groups ............ 55 C. Responses to Selected Questions by Levels of Collaboration with the World Bank Group .......................................................... 68 D. Responses to Selected Questions by Year..................................... 75 E. Indicator Questions as a Function of Exposure to the World Bank Group ........................................................................ 80 F. Turkey FY 2020 COS Questionnaire............................................... 81 TURKEY 40 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2020: Turkey Appendix A: Responses to All Questions across All Respondents (N=289) All rating scale questions are presented with the total number of respondents that provided a rating (N), the number of respondents who indicated that they “Don’t know” (DK), the mean rating across all respondents (Mean), and the standard deviation of this mean (SD). Indicator questions are noted with an asterisk (*). A. Overall Context Percentage of Respondents 1. In general, would you say that Turkey is headed in ... ? (N=279) The right direction 28.3% The wrong direction 43.4% Not sure 28.3% Percentage of Respondents 2. Do you think that economic opportunity for citizens in Turkey is … ? (N=283) Increasing 17.0% Decreasing 65.4% Staying about the same 17.7% 41 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2020: Turkey A. Overall Context (continued) 3. Listed below are a number of development priorities in Turkey. Please identify which of the following you consider the most important development Percentage of Respondents priorities in Turkey. (Choose no more than THREE) (Responses Combined; N=284) Education 45.1% Job creation/employment 35.2% Judiciary reform 31.3% Public sector governance/reform (i.e., government effectiveness, public financial 21.8% management, public expenditure, fiscal system reform) Economic growth 20.8% Agriculture and rural development 19.0% Anti-corruption 15.8% Equality of opportunity (i.e., social inclusion) 9.9% Gender equity (closing the gap between women and men, and boys and girls) 9.5% Information and communications technology 9.2% Energy 8.1% Natural resource management (renewables/non-renewables) 7.4% Private sector development 7.0% Poverty reduction 6.3% Trade and exports 6.3% Climate change (e.g., mitigation, adaptation) 5.3% Disaster risk management 4.9% Global/regional integration 4.6% Health 4.2% Urban development 4.2% Social protection (e.g., pensions, targeted social assistance) 3.9% Crime and violence 3.5% Financial markets 3.2% Food security (e.g., food prices) 3.2% Transport (e.g., roads, bridges, transportation) 2.5% Water and sanitation 1.4% Pollution 0.7% 42 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2020: Turkey A. Overall Context (continued) 4. Poverty reduction is a broad term that encompasses work in many different areas. Which THREE areas of development listed below do you believe would Percentage of Respondents contribute most to reducing poverty in Turkey? (Choose no more than THREE) (Responses Combined; N=271) Job creation/employment 54.2% Education 39.9% Equality of opportunity (i.e., social inclusion) 30.3% Agriculture and rural development 29.5% Economic growth 24.4% Anti-corruption 19.6% Public sector governance/reform (i.e., government effectiveness, public financial 15.1% management, public expenditure, fiscal system reform) Private sector development 13.3% Judiciary reform 12.9% Social protection (e.g., pensions, targeted social assistance) 11.4% Trade and exports 10.0% Gender equity (closing the gap between women and men, and boys and girls) 10.0% Global/regional integration 5.5% Urban development 4.4% Natural resource management (renewables/non-renewables) 4.1% Information and communications technology 3.0% Food security (e.g., food prices) 3.0% Energy 1.8% Transport (e.g., roads, bridges, transportation) 1.5% Financial markets 1.5% Crime and violence 0.7% Climate change (e.g., mitigation, adaptation) 0.7% Health 0.7% Water and sanitation 0.4% Pollution 0.4% Disaster risk management 0.0% Direction Getting Getting Staying Getting Getting 5. Please describe the direction Turkey is much somewh the somewh much moving in, when considering … ? N worse at worse same at better better 1. Human development (e.g., health, 270 13.7% 36.3% 22.2% 22.2% 5.6% education, and social protection) 2. Equal opportunity for girls and boys, men 269 15.2% 28.6% 29.0% 22.3% 4.8% and women 3. Growing Turkey’s economy in a way that 270 20.0% 46.7% 18.9% 11.9% 2.6% leads to jobs and employment 4. The gap between the rich and the poor 270 39.3% 39.3% 14.1% 5.6% 1.9% 5. Making government more effective 267 22.1% 33.7% 24.3% 16.1% 3.7% 6. Anti-corruption 268 35.1% 26.5% 26.5% 7.8% 4.1% 7. Attracting new sources of foreign 267 21.0% 38.2% 23.2% 15.4% 2.2% investment 43 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2020: Turkey A. Overall Context (continued) 6. Listed below are global challenges. Which do you think have the most serious Percentage of Respondents impact on Turkey? (Choose no more than TWO) (Responses Combined; N=273) Migrants and refugees 55.7% Fragility in Turkey or neighboring countries 40.7% Geo political uncertainty 31.5% Jobs/employment 24.2% Terrorism 17.6% The gap between the rich and the poor 11.0% Climate change 7.3% Environmental degradation 4.4% Trade constraints 2.6% Technology based disruption 1.5% 7. When economic and/or social reform efforts fail or are slow to take place in Turkey, which of the following would you attribute this to? (Choose no more Percentage of Respondents than TWO) (Responses Combined; N= 259) Inadequate level of government accountability 40.5% Political pressures and obstacles 38.2% Reforms are not well thought out in light of country challenges 24.3% Inadequate level of citizen/civil society participation 20.1% Inadequate level of capacity in the government 17.4% Poor coordination within the government 16.6% Corruption 15.8% Inadequate level of private sector participation 13.1% Private sector involvement and/or influence 5.8% Other 2.3% Inadequate level of donor coordination 1.9% 8. To what extent do you trust each of the following groups to do what is right? Degree (1-To no degree at all, 10-To a very significant degree) N DK Mean SD 1. The national/federal government 238 12 4.51 2.92 2. Bilateral organizations (e.g., DFID, JICA, GIZ, USAID) 206 37 5.02 2.13 3. The World Bank Group* 238 11 5.71 2.24 4. The International Monetary Fund 233 11 4.64 2.28 5. The United Nations (UN) 241 6 5.29 2.46 6. Regional development banks 227 18 5.40 2.13 7. Turkey’s Central Bank 243 6 5.10 2.52 8. International private sector 240 7 5.33 2.15 9. Domestic private sector 245 3 5.89 2.11 10. International civil society (e.g., NGOs, CBOs) 237 9 5.95 2.22 11. Domestic civil society (e.g., NGOs, CBOs) 239 4 6.25 2.11 12. Faith-based institutions 236 11 2.92 2.14 13. Domestic traditional media and their web presence (e.g., newspapers, TV 244 4 3.22 2.18 stations, radio) 14. International media and their web presence 243 6 4.73 2.3 15. Web based media (i.e., blogs, social media, other web-based news and 243 6 5.27 2.35 information sources) 44 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2020: Turkey B. Overall Attitudes Toward the World Bank Group Familiarity N DK Mean SD 1. How familiar are you with the work of the World Bank Group in Turkey? 255 n/a 6.38 2.30 (1-Not familiar at all, 10-Extremely familiar) To what extent do you agree/disagree with the following statements about the Level of Agreement World Bank Group’s work in Turkey? (1-Strongly disagree, 10-Strongly agree) N DK Mean SD 2. Overall the World Bank Group currently plays a relevant role in development 229 26 5.72 2.11 in Turkey* 3. The World Bank Group’s work is aligned with what I consider the 227 28 6.06 2.04 development priorities for Turkey* Effectiveness N DK Mean SD 4. Overall, please rate your impression of the World Bank Group’s effectiveness 224 30 5.75 2.07 in Turkey.* (1-Not effective at all, 10-Very effective) Achieving Development Results N DK Mean SD 5. To what extent does the World Bank Group’s work help to achieve development results in Turkey?* (1-To no degree at all, 10-To a very significant 212 42 5.41 2.03 degree) Influencing the Development Agenda N DK Mean SD 6. To what extent does the World Bank Group influence the development 221 33 4.95 2.16 agenda in Turkey?* (1-To no degree at all, 10-To a very significant degree) 7. To what extent do you believe that the World Bank Group’s work and Percentage of Respondents support help the poorest in Turkey? (Select only ONE response) (N=256) To a fully sufficient degree 0.4% To a somewhat sufficient degree 18.8% To a somewhat insufficient degree 24.6% To a very insufficient degree 32.4% Don’t know 23.8% 8. When thinking about the World Bank Group’s role in Turkey, which activity Percentage of Respondents do you VALUE the most? (Choose no more than TWO) (Responses Combined; N=251) Capacity development related to World Bank Group supported projects 36.7% Financial resources 34.3% Policy advice, studies, analyses 23.9% Data and statistics 22.7% Technical assistance 21.1% Mobilizing third party financial resources (Reimbursable Advisory Services (RAS), 17.9% Facility for Refugees in Turkey (FRIT)) Implementation support 14.7% Bringing together different groups of stakeholders 10.0% Promoting knowledge sharing 5.6% Other 1.6% Donor coordination 1.2% 45 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2020: Turkey B. Overall Attitudes Toward the World Bank Group (continued) 9. Which of the following do you identify as the World Bank Group’s greatest Percentage of Respondents WEAKNESSES in its work in Turkey? (Choose no more than TWO) (Responses Combined; N=249) Not enough public disclosure of its work 30.1% Not willing to honestly criticize policies and reform efforts in the country 19.7% Too influenced by developed countries 16.9% World Bank Group’s processes too slow and complex 16.1% Not adequately sensitive to political/social realities in Turkey 15.3% Not collaborating enough with civil society (e.g., NGOs, CBOs) 12.4% Inadequate World Bank Group’s staffing in Turkey 12.0% Not sufficiently focused on sustainable results 10.8% Not adequately flexible 9.2% Not aligned with country priorities 8.4% Donor coordination 8.4% Not collaborating enough with private sector 6.8% Staff too inaccessible 6.4% Arrogant in its approach 3.6% Not collaborating enough with partners such as bilaterals, multilaterals, trust 2.4% funds, UN Other 1.6% 46 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2020: Turkey B. Overall Attitudes Toward the World Bank Group (continued) 10. When thinking about how the World Bank Group can have the most impact on development results in Turkey, which sectors do you believe the World Bank Group should prioritize with its resources (financial and knowledge services) in Percentage of Respondents Turkey? (Choose no more than THREE) (Responses Combined; N=249) Education 31.7% Job creation/employment 30.1% Agriculture and rural development 26.1% Public sector governance/reform (i.e., government effectiveness, public financial 20.5% management, public expenditure, fiscal system reform) Economic growth 20.5% Poverty reduction 19.3% Anti-corruption 16.5% Private sector development 12.0% Equality of opportunity (i.e., social inclusion) 12.0% Climate change (e.g., mitigation, adaptation) 11.6% Judiciary reform 10.4% Gender equity (closing the gap between women and men, and boys and girls) 9.2% Natural resource management (renewables/non-renewables) 8.0% Trade and exports 7.6% Urban development 7.2% Energy 7.2% Financial markets 5.6% Information and communications technology 5.2% Disaster risk management 4.8% Global/regional integration 4.4% Health 4.4% Social protection (e.g., pensions, targeted social assistance) 4.0% Food security (e.g., food prices) 3.2% Water and sanitation 0.8% Transport (e.g., roads, bridges, transportation) 0.8% Pollution 0.4% Crime and violence 0.4% C. World Bank Group’s Work and Engagement on the Ground Staff Preparedness N DK Mean SD 1. To what extent do you believe the World Bank Group’s staff is well prepared (e.g., skills mix and knowledge) to help Turkey solve its most complicated 188 56 6.13 2.12 development challenges? (1-To no degree at all, 10-To a very significant degree) 47 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2020: Turkey C. World Bank Group’s Work and Engagement on the Ground (continued) To what extent is the World Bank Group an effective development partner in Degree Turkey, in terms of each of the following? (1-To no degree at all, 10-To a very significant degree) N DK Mean SD 2. Responsiveness to needs* 198 37 5.60 2.00 3. Flexibility (in terms of the institution’s products and services)* 187 49 5.43 2.04 4. Flexibility (in terms of changing country circumstances)* 189 44 5.38 1.97 5. Being inclusive* 203 33 5.75 2.02 6. Openness (sharing data and other information)* 205 32 6.73 2.21 7. Collaboration with the Government* 185 51 6.46 2.16 8. The speed in which it gets things accomplished on the ground* 192 43 5.44 2.15 9. Helping to bring discipline/effective supervision to implementation of 190 46 6.19 2.15 investment projects* 10. Collaboration with civil society* 186 48 5.59 2.29 11. Staff accessibility* 187 49 6.07 2.64 12. Collaboration with other donors and development partners* 171 63 6.12 2.30 13. Collaboration with the private sector* 181 51 5.74 2.24 14. Straightforwardness and honesty* 198 38 7.23 2.29 15. Treating clients and stakeholders in Turkey with respect* 193 43 7.31 2.42 16. Being a long-term partner* 200 36 7.26 2.38 To what extent do you agree/disagree with the following statements? Level of Agreement (1-Strongly disagree, 10-Strongly agree) N DK Mean SD 17. The World Bank Group disburses funds promptly 168 71 5.11 2.32 18. The World Bank Group effectively monitors and evaluates the projects and 191 49 6.50 2.26 programs it supports 19. The World Bank Group’s approvals and reviews are done in a timely fashion 177 62 5.94 2.27 20. The World Bank Group’s Environmental and Social Framework requirements 183 55 6.37 2.12 are reasonable 21. The World Bank Group takes decisions quickly in Turkey* 169 69 5.53 2.29 22. Working with the World Bank Group increases Turkey’s institutional capacity 203 35 6.87 2.41 23. Where country systems (e.g., procurement, financial management, etc.) are 155 84 6.46 2.35 adequate, the World Bank Group makes appropriate use of them* To what extent do you agree/disagree with the following statements about the World Bank Group in Turkey? (1-Strongly disagree, 10-Strongly agree) N DK Mean SD 24. The World Bank Group’s financial instruments (i.e., investment lending, 190 49 5.44 2.02 Development Policy Loan, Trust Funds, etc.) meet the needs of Turkey* 25. The World Bank Group meets Turkey’s needs for knowledge services (e.g., 215 24 6.27 1.97 research, analysis, data, technical assistance)* Reimbursable Advisory Services N DK Mean SD 26. To what extent do you believe that the donor community is doing enough to support the government’s efforts related to refugees in Turkey? (1-To no 118 119 5.39 2.26 degree at all, 10-To a very significant degree) Support for Refugees N DK Mean SD 27. To what extent do you believe that the donor community is doing enough to support the government’s efforts related to refugees in Turkey? (1-To no 181 60 4.82 2.45 degree at all, 10-To a very significant degree) 48 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2020: Turkey C. World Bank Group’s Work and Engagement on the Ground (continued) 28. In which of the following areas do you believe the World Bank Group should provide most of its resources when it comes to providing support to the Percentage of Respondents refugee integration in Turkey? (Choose no more than TWO) (Responses Combined; N=246) Social cohesion 43.5% Education 35.4% Jobs 33.3% Infrastructure 16.7% Business development 16.3% Health 14.6% Supporting poor and marginalized local communities 13.4% Public services 6.5% Macro issues (fiscal accounts, balance of payments, etc.) 6.1% Other 3.3% Don't know 3.3% D. World Bank Group’s Support in Development Areas 1. How EFFECTIVE do you believe the World Bank Group is in terms of the work Effectiveness it does in the following areas of development in Turkey? (1-Not effective at all, 10-Very effective) N DK Mean SD 1. Social protection (e.g., pensions, targeted social assistance) 109 128 4.28 2.28 2. Gender equity (closing the gap between women and men, and boys and 148 88 5.35 2.16 girls) 3. Private sector development 150 86 5.63 2.05 4. Public sector governance/reform (i.e., government effectiveness, public 156 81 5.35 2.24 financial management, public expenditure, fiscal system reform) 5. Urban development 141 96 5.46 2.33 6. Energy 143 94 5.98 2.2 7. Water and sanitation 125 112 5.87 2.32 8. Job creation/employment 154 83 5.28 2.23 9. Health 126 111 5.40 2.29 10. Transport (e.g., roads, bridges, transportation) 116 118 5.38 2.4 11. Agriculture and rural development 136 100 5.19 2.33 12. Trade and exports 117 114 5.26 2.26 13. Natural resource management (renewables/non-renewables) 137 98 5.59 2.36 14. Climate change (e.g., mitigation, adaptation) 131 105 5.47 2.43 15. Poverty reduction 142 92 5.17 2.38 16. Economic growth 156 79 5.71 2.32 17. Disaster risk management 115 119 5.44 2.46 18. Equality of opportunity (i.e., social inclusion) 141 93 5.39 2.37 2. From your perspective, which of the following best describes the World Bank Group’s current emphasis on investing in human capital (e.g., education, Percentage of Respondents health, social protection)? (N=233) Increased its emphasis recently 18.0% Decreased its emphasis recently 18.0% Emphasis has remained pretty consistent over time 15.0% Don’t know 48.9% 49 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2020: Turkey E. World Bank Group’s Knowledge Work and Activities 1. How frequently do you consult World Bank Group’s knowledge work and Percentage of Respondents activities in the work you do? (N=242) Weekly 5.4% Monthly 16.1% A few times a year 50.8% Rarely 20.2% Never 7.4% In Turkey, to what extent do you believe that the World Bank Group’s Degree knowledge work and activities: (1-To no degree at all, 10-To a very significant degree) N DK Mean SD 2. Are timely 172 59 6.45 2.01 3. Include appropriate level of stakeholder involvement during preparation 178 54 6.25 2.11 4. Lead to practical solutions 181 51 5.94 2.08 5. Are source of relevant information on global good practices 196 38 7.41 1.91 6. Are adequately disseminated and accessible 179 54 6.04 2.02 7. Are translated enough into local language 185 49 6.22 2.14 8. Are adaptable to Turkey’s specific development challenges and country 185 49 5.82 2.16 circumstances* Overall Evaluations N DK Mean SD 9. Overall, how significant a contribution do you believe the World Bank Group's knowledge work and activities make to development results in your 198 39 5.74 2.07 country?* (1-Not significant at all, 10-Very significant) 10. Overall, how would you rate the technical quality of the World Bank Group's knowledge work and activities?* (1-Very low technical quality, 10-Very high 205 31 7.10 1.80 technical quality) F. The Future Role of the World Bank Group in Turkey 1. Which of the following SHOULD the World Bank Group do to make itself of Percentage of Respondents greater value in Turkey? (Choose no more than TWO) (Responses Combined; N=238) Increase the level of capacity development in the country 34.9% Improve the quality of its experts as related to Turkey’s specific challenges 33.6% Engage more effectively with private sector 27.7% Collaborate more effectively with Government clients (e.g., national, state, local) 18.9% Reduce the complexity of obtaining World Bank Group financing 15.1% Offer more innovative financial products and services 15.1% Offer more innovative knowledge products and services 10.5% Work faster 10.1% Help to bring discipline/effective supervision to implementation of World Bank 8.8% Group projects Increase availability of Reimbursable Advisory Services (RAS) 6.7% Other 4.6% Ensure greater selectivity in its work 3.8% 50 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2020: Turkey F. The Future Role of the World Bank Group in Turkey (continued) 2. In addition to the regular relations with the national government, which TWO of the following groups should the World Bank Group collaborate with Percentage of Respondents more in your country? (Choose no more than TWO) (Responses Combined; N=240) Local government 47.9% Private sector 38.3% Academia/think tanks/research institutes 37.5% Beneficiaries 34.2% Donor community 9.2% Other 7.5% Media 6.3% Parliament 3.3% Don't know 3.3% G. Communication and Information Sharing Percentage of Respondents 1. How frequently do you interact with the World Bank Group now in Turkey? (N=240) Never 17.1% Less than once a year 19.6% Once a year to a few times a year 32.5% Less than once a month 11.7% At least once a month 12.5% At least once a week 6.7% 2. How do you get most of your information about economic and social Percentage of Respondents development issues in Turkey? (Choose no more than TWO) (Responses Combined; N=242) Internet 83.5% Social media (e.g., blogs, Facebook, Twitter, YouTube, Flickr) 38.0% Local newspapers 20.2% International newspapers 14.5% Local television 9.9% Other 7.9% International television 5.0% 3. How would you prefer to receive information from the World Bank Group? Percentage of Respondents (Choose no more than TWO) (Responses Combined; N=242) World Bank Group’s seminars/workshops/conferences 40.5% World Bank Group’s website 32.2% e-Newsletters 31.0% Direct contact with World Bank Group (i.e., face to face meetings/discussions) 26.9% World Bank Group’s publications and other written materials 21.9% Social media (e.g., blogs, Facebook, Twitter, YouTube, Flickr) 20.2% Webinars or online events hosted by the World Bank Group 16.1% 51 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2020: Turkey G. Communication and Information Sharing (continued) 5. Over the past SIX MONTHS, on average how Percentage of Respondents often did you do any of the following related to the Every few Every few Every few World Bank Group (WBG)? N days weeks months Not at all Read, viewed or heard a story about the WBG in 236 3.0% 12.3% 42.4% 42.4% local media (newspaper, magazine, TV, radio) Read, viewed or heard a story about the WBG in 237 4.2% 21.1% 45.6% 29.1% global media (newspaper, magazine, TV, radio) Interacted with the WBG on Social Media (e.g., read a post or tweet, liked, commented, shared, 236 3.0% 10.6% 28.4% 58.1% retweeted) Visited a WBG website (e.g., read a blog, used data) 237 5.5% 22.8% 48.5% 23.2% Attended an event/conference hosted by the WBG 235 0.9% 6.0% 37.0% 56.2% Watched a webinar or online event hosted by the 236 0.4% 4.2% 13.1% 82.2% WBG Read some or all of a WBG research paper or 236 3.4% 19.5% 56.8% 20.3% publication Met professionally with WBG staff 238 6.3% 11.3% 34.9% 47.5% Read a WBG e-newsletter 233 2.1% 5.6% 33.5% 58.8% H. Background Information 1. Which of the following best describes your current affiliation? (Select only Percentage of Respondents ONE response) (N=282) Employee of Ministry, Ministerial Department, Implementation Agency 22.0% Private Sector Organization 19.1% NGO/Community Based Organization 11.0% Academia/Research Institute/Think Tank 11.0% Project Management Unit (PMU) overseeing implementation of WBG project/ 6.7% Consultant/Contractor working on WBG supported project/program State-Owned Enterprise 5.3% Financial Sector/Private Bank 5.3% Multilateral Agency (e.g., UN, regional development bank) 4.6% Other 3.9% Local Government Office or Staff 2.5% Public-Private Partnership 2.5% Independent Government Institution (i.e., regulatory agency, central 2.1% bank/oversight institution) Bilateral Agency (e.g., embassy, diplomatic, military) 1.1% Media (press, radio, TV, web, etc.) 1.1% Office of the President, Prime Minister 0.7% Private Foundation (e.g., Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, Rockefeller 0.7% Foundation) Trade Union 0.4% Office of Minister 0.0% Office of Parliamentarian 0.0% Judicial System (e.g., courts) 0.0% Faith-Based Group 0.0% Youth Group 0.0% 52 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2020: Turkey H. Background Information (continued) 2. Please identify the primary specialization of your work. (Select only ONE Percentage of Respondents response) (N=281) Generalist (specialized in multiple sectors) 13.2% Finance and markets 10.7% Macroeconomics, fiscal management 8.9% Transport 8.2% Jobs 6.4% Trade and competitiveness 6.4% Education 4.6% Environment, natural resources 4.6% Urban development 4.3% Other 3.9% Agriculture, rural development 3.6% Energy 3.2% Governance, anti-corruption 2.8% Social protection 2.8% Communications, public affairs 2.8% Gender 2.1% Digital development and technology (ICT) 2.1% Tourism 1.8% Health, nutrition 1.4% Water, sanitation 1.4% Fragility, conflict, violence, refugees 1.4% Poverty 1.1% Climate change 1.1% Demographics, migration 1.1% 3. Currently, do you professionally collaborate/work with the World Bank Percentage of Respondents Group (IBRD/IDA, IFC, MIGA, ICSID) in your country? (N=281) Yes 38.1% No 61.9% 4. If yes, which of the following agencies of the World Bank Group do you Percentage of Respondents primarily collaborate/work with in Turkey? (Select only ONE response) (N=107) The World Bank (IBRD) 90.7% The International Finance Corporation (IFC) 9.3% The Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency (MIGA) 0.0% International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes (ICSID) 0.0% Percentage of Respondents 5. Do your projects involve both the World Bank and the IFC? (N=111) Yes 30.6% No 69.4% 53 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2020: Turkey H. Background Information (continued) 6. Which of the following describes most of your exposure to the World Bank Percentage of Respondents Group in Turkey? (Choose no more than TWO) (Responses Combined; N=270) Collaborate as part of my professional duties 47.4% Use World Bank Group reports/data 33.0% Use World Bank Group website for information, data, research, etc. 32.6% Observer (i.e., follow in media, discuss in informal conversations, etc.) 19.6% Engage in World Bank Group related/sponsored events/activities 17.0% Percentage of Respondents 7. What’s your gender? (N=280) Female 34.3% Male 65.7% Percentage of Respondents 8. What’s your age? (N=283) 25 and under 1.1% 26-35 20.5% 36-45 31.4% 46-55 28.6% 56 and above 18.4% Percentage of Respondents 9. Which best represents your geographic location? (N=282) Ankara 64.2% Istanbul 24.1% Other area 10.3% Outside the country 1.4% 54 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2020: Turkey Appendix B: Responses to Selected Questions by Stakeholder Groups15  Employee of a Ministry/PMU/Consultant on WBG Project N=81  Local Government N=7  Independent Government Institution N=6  State-Owned Enterprise N=15  Bilateral/Multilateral Agency N=16  Public-Private Partnership N=7  Private Sector/Financial Sector/Private Bank N=69  CSO N=34  Academia/Research Institute/Think Tank (Academia) N=31  Other16 N=16 A. Overall Context In general, would you say that Turkey is headed in ... ?* Employee of a Ministry/ Independent Bilateral/ Private Sector/ PMU/Consultant Local Government State-Owned Multilateral Public-Private Financial Sector/ Percentage of Respondents on WBG Project Government Institution Enterprise Agency Partnership Private Bank CSO Academia Other The right direction 44.7% 66.7% 83.3% 53.3% 6.7% 28.6% 20.3% 14.7% 6.5% 12.5% The wrong direction 28.9% 16.7% 0.0% 13.3% 60.0% 28.6% 49.3% 55.9% 77.4% 43.8% Not sure 26.3% 16.7% 16.7% 33.3% 33.3% 42.9% 30.4% 29.4% 16.1% 43.8% *Significantly different between stakeholder groups 15 Only 282 respondents provided information about their current positions. Therefore, only these respondents were included in the across-stakeholder analysis presented in this appendix. 16 Includes the following categories: Office of the President, Prime Minister (N=2), Media (N=3), and Other (11). 55 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2020: Turkey A. Overall Context (continued) Listed below are a number of development priorities in Turkey. Please identify which of the following you consider the most important development priorities in Turkey. (Choose no more than THREE) Employee of a Ministry/ Independent Bilateral/ Private Sector/ Percentage of Respondents PMU/Consultant Local Government State-Owned Multilateral Public-Private Financial Sector/ (Responses combined) on WBG Project Government Institution Enterprise Agency Partnership Private Bank CSO Academia Other Gender equity* 5.1% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 6.3% 0.0% 5.8% 26.5% 19.4% 12.5% Financial markets 3.8% 0.0% 16.7% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 4.3% 2.9% 3.2% 0.0% Pollution 1.3% 0.0% 0.0% 6.7% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Private sector development 9.0% 14.3% 0.0% 0.0% 12.5% 14.3% 8.7% 2.9% 3.2% 6.3% Energy 7.7% 14.3% 16.7% 20.0% 0.0% 14.3% 7.2% 5.9% 12.9% 0.0% Education 41.0% 71.4% 50.0% 46.7% 68.8% 71.4% 42.0% 35.3% 48.4% 43.8% Public sector 12.8% 28.6% 33.3% 6.7% 25.0% 14.3% 27.5% 14.7% 35.5% 37.5% governance/reform Global/regional integration 2.6% 0.0% 16.7% 0.0% 6.3% 0.0% 7.2% 2.9% 9.7% 0.0% Job creation/employment 39.7% 28.6% 66.7% 33.3% 62.5% 42.9% 33.3% 20.6% 32.3% 25.0% Health* 6.4% 14.3% 0.0% 20.0% 0.0% 14.3% 0.0% 2.9% 0.0% 6.3% Urban development 6.4% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 6.3% 0.0% 4.3% 0.0% 9.7% 0.0% Social protection 3.8% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 6.3% 0.0% 4.3% 8.8% 0.0% 6.3% Water and sanitation 3.8% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 1.4% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Food security 2.6% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 6.3% 0.0% 1.4% 2.9% 9.7% 0.0% Agriculture and rural 20.5% 57.1% 0.0% 40.0% 6.3% 14.3% 24.6% 5.9% 9.7% 12.5% development* Poverty reduction 5.1% 0.0% 0.0% 13.3% 12.5% 0.0% 4.3% 5.9% 9.7% 12.5% Disaster risk management 3.8% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 6.3% 0.0% 10.1% 8.8% 0.0% 0.0% Trade and exports 5.1% 28.6% 16.7% 20.0% 0.0% 0.0% 4.3% 8.8% 3.2% 6.3% Judiciary reform 34.6% 0.0% 16.7% 0.0% 18.8% 57.1% 30.4% 41.2% 35.5% 37.5% Crime and violence 3.8% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 2.9% 11.8% 0.0% 6.3% Natural resource management 9.0% 0.0% 0.0% 13.3% 0.0% 0.0% 10.1% 8.8% 0.0% 6.3% Climate change* 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 6.3% 0.0% 4.3% 20.6% 12.9% 0.0% Equality of opportunity 10.3% 0.0% 0.0% 13.3% 31.3% 0.0% 5.8% 11.8% 12.9% 6.3% Information and 11.5% 14.3% 0.0% 20.0% 0.0% 0.0% 7.2% 2.9% 12.9% 6.3% communications technology Anti-corruption* 10.3% 0.0% 16.7% 0.0% 6.3% 0.0% 23.2% 26.5% 9.7% 43.8% Transport 3.8% 0.0% 0.0% 6.7% 0.0% 0.0% 1.4% 2.9% 0.0% 6.3% Economic growth 28.2% 28.6% 50.0% 13.3% 12.5% 0.0% 23.2% 17.6% 9.7% 12.5% *Significantly different between stakeholder groups 56 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2020: Turkey A. Overall Context (continued) When economic and/or social reform efforts fail or are slow to take place in Turkey, which of the following would you attribute this to? (Choose no more than TWO) Employee of a Ministry/ Independent Bilateral/ Private Sector/ Percentage of Respondents PMU/Consultant Local Government State-Owned Multilateral Public-Private Financial Sector/ (Responses combined) on WBG Project Government Institution Enterprise Agency Partnership Private Bank CSO Academia Other Inadequate level of 30.3% 28.6% 50.0% 23.1% 57.1% 28.6% 44.4% 54.5% 36.7% 60.0% government accountability Inadequate level of private 15.2% 42.9% 33.3% 23.1% 7.1% 28.6% 14.3% 3.0% 6.7% 6.7% sector participation Corruption 9.1% 0.0% 0.0% 30.8% 14.3% 14.3% 19.0% 15.2% 20.0% 26.7% Poor coordination within the 19.7% 42.9% 16.7% 7.7% 28.6% 28.6% 15.9% 9.1% 13.3% 13.3% government Inadequate level of citizen/civil 21.2% 14.3% 16.7% 30.8% 7.1% 14.3% 14.3% 27.3% 26.7% 20.0% society participation Inadequate level of donor 6.1% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 6.7% coordination Reforms are not well thought out in light of country 24.2% 14.3% 66.7% 30.8% 21.4% 28.6% 23.8% 15.2% 26.7% 13.3% challenges Inadequate level of capacity in 13.6% 14.3% 0.0% 7.7% 28.6% 0.0% 19.0% 27.3% 23.3% 6.7% the government Private sector involvement 9.1% 0.0% 16.7% 7.7% 0.0% 28.6% 1.6% 9.1% 0.0% 0.0% and/or influence* Political pressures and 42.4% 14.3% 0.0% 23.1% 35.7% 28.6% 42.9% 36.4% 40.0% 46.7% obstacles Other 1.5% 14.3% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 3.2% 3.0% 3.3% 0.0% *Significantly different between stakeholder groups Employee of a Ministry/ Independent Bilateral/ Private Sector/ PMU/Consultant on Local Government State-Owned Multilateral Public-Private Financial Sector/ WBG Project Government Institution Enterprise Agency Partnership Private Bank CSO Academia Other N Mean SD N Mean SD N Mean SD N Mean SD N Mean SD N Mean SD N Mean SD N Mean SD N Mean SD N Mean SD To what extent do you trust the World Bank Group to do what is 62 5.32 2.31 5 6.20 2.95 5 7.40 0.55 11 5.09 2.84 12 6.50 2.47 6 5.00 1.55 61 5.90 2.22 30 5.50 2.00 29 5.76 2.06 14 5.71 2.40 right? (1-To no degree at all, 10-To a very significant degree) 57 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2020: Turkey B. Overall Attitudes Toward the World Bank Group Employee of a Ministry/ Independent Bilateral/ Private Sector/ PMU/Consultant on Local Government State-Owned Multilateral Public-Private Financial Sector/ WBG Project Government Institution Enterprise Agency Partnership Private Bank CSO Academia Other N Mean SD N Mean SD N Mean SD N Mean SD N Mean SD N Mean SD N Mean SD N Mean SD N Mean SD N Mean SD How familiar are you with the work of the World Bank Group in 68 6.79 2.11 7 7.00 1.63 6 7.67 1.37 12 4.42 3.68 14 6.36 2.37 6 7.33 1.37 63 6.19 2.29 30 5.53 2.15 30 6.43 2.37 14 6.93 1.98 Turkey?* (1-Not familiar at all, 10-Extremely familiar) *Significantly different between stakeholder groups To what extent do you agree/disagree with the following statements about the World Bank Group’s work in Turkey? (1-Strongly disagree, 10-Strongly agree) Employee of a Ministry/ Independent Bilateral/ Private Sector/ PMU/Consultant on Local Government State-Owned Multilateral Public-Private Financial Sector/ WBG Project Government Institution Enterprise Agency Partnership Private Bank CSO Academia Other N Mean SD N Mean SD N Mean SD N Mean SD N Mean SD N Mean SD N Mean SD N Mean SD N Mean SD N Mean SD Overall the World Bank Group currently plays a relevant role in 65 5.75 2.20 6 6.67 1.86 5 5.80 1.64 7 4.57 3.41 12 6.08 2.43 6 6.17 1.72 57 5.47 2.11 24 5.54 1.84 28 5.68 2.06 14 5.86 1.83 development in Turkey The World Bank Group’s work is aligned with what I consider the 66 6.03 1.99 7 6.71 2.14 5 6.40 1.67 7 4.43 3.26 12 6.92 2.11 6 6.33 1.86 57 5.93 2.06 22 5.68 1.86 27 6.04 2.10 13 6.23 1.64 development priorities for Turkey Employee of a Ministry/ Independent Bilateral/ Private Sector/ PMU/Consultant on Local Government State-Owned Multilateral Public-Private Financial Sector/ WBG Project Government Institution Enterprise Agency Partnership Private Bank CSO Academia Other N Mean SD N Mean SD N Mean SD N Mean SD N Mean SD N Mean SD N Mean SD N Mean SD N Mean SD N Mean SD Overall, please rate your impression of the World Bank 65 5.74 2.00 7 6.29 1.89 5 6.60 1.34 7 6.29 3.15 11 6.55 1.92 6 7.00 1.41 57 5.32 2.22 22 5.55 2.04 26 5.27 2.20 13 6.08 1.19 Group’s effectiveness in Turkey. (1-Not effective at all, 10-Very effective) Employee of a Ministry/ Independent Bilateral/ Private Sector/ PMU/Consultant on Local Government State-Owned Multilateral Public-Private Financial Sector/ WBG Project Government Institution Enterprise Agency Partnership Private Bank CSO Academia Other N Mean SD N Mean SD N Mean SD N Mean SD N Mean SD N Mean SD N Mean SD N Mean SD N Mean SD N Mean SD To what extent does the World Bank Group’s work help to 64 5.52 1.94 5 6.00 2.00 5 6.20 0.45 6 4.33 2.66 12 5.25 1.91 5 6.20 1.64 56 5.16 2.19 20 5.25 2.07 24 5.17 2.16 10 5.80 1.93 achieve development results in Turkey? (1-To no degree at all, 10-To a very significant degree) 58 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2020: Turkey B. Overall Attitudes Toward the World Bank Group (continued) Employee of a Ministry/ Independent Bilateral/ Private Sector/ PMU/Consultant on Local Government State-Owned Multilateral Public-Private Financial Sector/ WBG Project Government Institution Enterprise Agency Partnership Private Bank CSO Academia Other N Mean SD N Mean SD N Mean SD N Mean SD N Mean SD N Mean SD N Mean SD N Mean SD N Mean SD N Mean SD To what extent does the World Bank Group influence the 66 5.23 2.15 5 5.80 1.92 5 5.40 2.41 8 4.50 2.27 12 5.33 1.97 5 5.80 1.30 53 4.60 2.27 23 4.74 2.18 28 4.43 2.32 11 4.73 1.79 development agenda in Turkey? (1-To no degree at all, 10-To a very significant degree) 59 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2020: Turkey B. Overall Attitudes Toward the World Bank Group (continued) When thinking about how the World Bank Group can have the most impact on development results in Turkey, which sectors do you believe the World Bank Group should prioritize with its resources (financial and knowledge services) in Turkey? (Choose no more than THREE) Employee of a Ministry/ Independent Bilateral/ Private Sector/ Percentage of Respondents PMU/Consultant Local Government State-Owned Multilateral Public-Private Financial Sector/ (Responses combined) on WBG Project Government Institution Enterprise Agency Partnership Private Bank CSO Academia Other Education 32.8% 28.6% 33.3% 27.3% 46.2% 66.7% 25.0% 30.0% 33.3% 28.6% Public sector 14.9% 0.0% 0.0% 9.1% 38.5% 0.0% 26.7% 23.3% 33.3% 14.3% governance/reform Global/regional integration 3.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 33.3% 6.7% 3.3% 6.7% 0.0% Food security 3.0% 0.0% 16.7% 18.2% 7.7% 0.0% 1.7% 0.0% 3.3% 0.0% Urban development 7.5% 28.6% 0.0% 9.1% 7.7% 0.0% 5.0% 10.0% 6.7% 7.1% Water and sanitation 3.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Pollution 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 3.3% 0.0% 0.0% Job creation/employment 35.8% 42.9% 33.3% 27.3% 46.2% 33.3% 26.7% 16.7% 20.0% 35.7% Health 6.0% 0.0% 16.7% 9.1% 0.0% 16.7% 5.0% 0.0% 0.0% 7.1% Financial markets 10.4% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 8.3% 3.3% 3.3% 0.0% Social protection 4.5% 0.0% 16.7% 0.0% 7.7% 0.0% 1.7% 0.0% 10.0% 7.1% Gender equity* 1.5% 0.0% 0.0% 9.1% 7.7% 16.7% 8.3% 30.0% 10.0% 14.3% Private sector development 20.9% 0.0% 0.0% 9.1% 7.7% 16.7% 11.7% 6.7% 10.0% 7.1% Energy 6.0% 28.6% 16.7% 18.2% 0.0% 33.3% 5.0% 6.7% 6.7% 0.0% Natural resource management 7.5% 0.0% 0.0% 18.2% 0.0% 0.0% 10.0% 6.7% 10.0% 7.1% Climate change 7.5% 14.3% 16.7% 9.1% 23.1% 0.0% 6.7% 23.3% 16.7% 7.1% Poverty reduction 19.4% 28.6% 33.3% 36.4% 15.4% 0.0% 11.7% 23.3% 26.7% 21.4% Anti-corruption 11.9% 0.0% 0.0% 9.1% 30.8% 0.0% 23.3% 26.7% 6.7% 28.6% Judiciary reform 7.5% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 7.7% 0.0% 11.7% 16.7% 20.0% 7.1% Economic growth 26.9% 14.3% 50.0% 27.3% 23.1% 33.3% 16.7% 20.0% 10.0% 7.1% Disaster risk management* 1.5% 28.6% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 16.7% 5.0% 10.0% 0.0% 7.1% Equality of opportunity 17.9% 0.0% 16.7% 0.0% 7.7% 0.0% 10.0% 13.3% 13.3% 14.3% Information and 3.0% 14.3% 0.0% 9.1% 0.0% 0.0% 6.7% 0.0% 13.3% 7.1% communications technology Transport 1.5% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 1.7% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Agriculture and rural 19.4% 42.9% 33.3% 9.1% 23.1% 16.7% 35.0% 20.0% 23.3% 28.6% development Trade and exports 9.0% 14.3% 0.0% 9.1% 0.0% 0.0% 11.7% 0.0% 6.7% 14.3% Crime and violence 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 7.1% *Significantly different between stakeholder groups 60 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2020: Turkey C. World Bank Group’s Work and Engagement on the Ground To what extent is the World Bank Group an effective development partner in Turkey, in terms of each of the following? (1-To no degree at all, 10-To a very significant degree) Employee of a Ministry/ Independent Bilateral/ Private Sector/ PMU/Consultant on Local Government State-Owned Multilateral Public-Private Financial Sector/ WBG Project Government Institution Enterprise Agency Partnership Private Bank CSO Academia Other N Mean SD N Mean SD N Mean SD N Mean SD N Mean SD N Mean SD N Mean SD N Mean SD N Mean SD N Mean SD Responsiveness to needs 62 5.82 1.82 5 7.00 1.87 5 5.80 1.30 5 5.60 3.05 9 5.33 2.18 5 5.20 1.10 49 5.29 2.27 21 5.33 2.03 24 5.21 1.82 8 6.00 1.69 Flexibility (in terms of the 58 5.78 1.92 5 6.40 1.67 4 5.75 0.96 5 5.20 2.95 8 5.37 2.56 5 5.60 1.52 48 5.02 2.26 19 4.79 1.75 24 5.00 1.82 7 6.86 2.12 institution’s products and services) Flexibility (in terms of changing 57 5.75 1.94 5 6.60 1.52 5 6.00 1.58 5 4.20 2.49 9 5.44 2.24 6 5.50 1.64 49 4.96 2.00 20 5.00 2.03 22 4.86 1.75 7 6.43 1.90 country circumstances) Being inclusive 61 6.05 2.00 5 6.80 1.92 5 6.40 1.82 5 5.20 2.78 10 6.00 2.40 6 6.17 2.23 51 5.43 2.11 20 5.40 1.96 27 5.19 1.69 8 6.13 1.64 Openness (sharing data and other 62 6.63 2.06 5 7.40 2.30 5 8.00 1.87 5 6.20 3.56 10 6.90 2.60 6 6.67 2.25 50 6.42 2.42 20 6.65 2.35 27 6.96 1.85 11 7.00 2.37 information) Collaboration with the Government 59 6.76 2.01 6 6.83 1.72 5 7.20 2.17 5 5.20 3.35 9 6.67 2.12 6 7.00 1.90 45 5.89 2.27 19 6.53 2.32 21 6.14 2.20 7 6.71 1.70 The speed in which it gets things 61 5.67 2.12 5 7.80 1.92 5 6.60 1.52 5 5.20 2.78 10 5.00 2.45 6 5.67 2.25 47 4.85 2.17 18 5.33 2.11 22 5.05 1.89 9 5.56 1.74 accomplished on the ground Helping to bring discipline/effective supervision to 59 6.37 2.07 6 8.17 1.84 3 6.67 2.08 5 4.80 3.11 9 6.00 2.29 5 6.20 2.95 47 6.09 2.13 21 6.67 2.18 23 5.35 1.87 8 5.13 1.73 implementation of investment projects Collaboration with civil society 55 5.91 2.15 4 7.00 1.41 4 7.00 2.16 4 5.00 3.37 10 5.70 2.26 6 6.50 2.88 43 5.07 2.38 21 4.81 2.68 27 5.52 1.85 8 5.13 1.89 Staff accessibility 59 6.34 2.52 6 8.33 1.75 5 8.20 2.17 5 6.20 3.70 10 7.20 2.66 5 6.20 3.03 47 5.36 2.81 19 5.74 2.58 20 5.15 2.01 7 5.57 2.51 Collaboration with other donors 56 6.43 2.16 4 7.50 1.29 4 7.00 1.83 5 5.80 3.19 10 6.40 2.50 6 6.50 2.74 42 5.76 2.48 18 6.11 2.06 15 4.87 2.23 7 5.57 2.37 and development partners Collaboration with the private 57 5.93 2.10 4 6.75 2.06 5 7.60 2.07 4 5.00 3.16 9 6.33 2.40 4 5.50 2.08 49 5.39 2.40 20 5.70 2.49 18 5.17 1.92 8 5.50 2.20 sector Straightforwardness and honesty 60 7.43 2.00 5 8.60 1.14 5 9.60 0.55 5 6.20 3.63 9 7.22 2.68 6 6.50 2.59 47 6.89 2.60 21 6.90 2.57 26 7.04 2.18 9 7.33 1.41 Treating clients and stakeholders 61 7.46 2.43 5 9.00 1.00 5 8.60 2.07 5 6.40 3.78 9 8.11 1.76 5 6.80 2.86 47 6.77 2.64 21 6.81 2.68 22 7.23 1.90 9 8.00 1.73 in Turkey with respect Being a long-term partner 57 7.40 2.44 5 8.60 1.34 5 7.40 2.30 5 6.80 4.09 11 7.36 2.80 6 7.17 2.32 48 7.06 2.49 22 6.91 2.49 26 6.85 2.05 10 7.90 1.85 61 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2020: Turkey C. World Bank Group’s Work and Engagement on the Ground (continued) To what extent do you agree/disagree with the following statements? (1- Strongly disagree, 10- Strongly agree) Employee of a Ministry/ Independent Bilateral/ Private Sector/ PMU/Consultant on Local Government State-Owned Multilateral Public-Private Financial Sector/ WBG Project Government Institution Enterprise Agency Partnership Private Bank CSO Academia Other N Mean SD N Mean SD N Mean SD N Mean SD N Mean SD N Mean SD N Mean SD N Mean SD N Mean SD N Mean SD The World Bank Group takes 58 5.91 2.39 5 6.60 2.07 5 6.40 2.41 5 4.80 2.28 9 5.78 2.39 3 4.67 1.53 42 4.90 2.20 17 5.24 2.31 14 4.64 2.06 6 6.17 1.72 decisions quickly in Turkey Where country systems are adequate, the World Bank Group 50 6.50 2.48 6 7.33 2.25 4 7.50 1.92 4 4.75 2.63 8 7.38 2.00 3 5.33 2.52 36 6.19 2.44 18 6.00 2.28 13 5.92 2.29 8 7.62 1.92 makes appropriate use of them To what extent do you agree/disagree with the following statements about the World Bank Group in Turkey? (1- Strongly disagree, 10- Strongly agree) Employee of a Ministry/ Independent Bilateral/ Private Sector/ PMU/Consultant on Local Government State-Owned Multilateral Public-Private Financial Sector/ WBG Project Government Institution Enterprise Agency Partnership Private Bank CSO Academia Other N Mean SD N Mean SD N Mean SD N Mean SD N Mean SD N Mean SD N Mean SD N Mean SD N Mean SD N Mean SD The World Bank Group’s financial instruments meet the needs of 57 5.61 1.99 6 6.00 1.67 5 6.40 0.89 5 6.00 2.92 7 6.29 2.36 5 6.00 2.00 49 4.73 2.08 19 5.21 1.78 20 5.10 1.86 11 5.91 1.70 Turkey The World Bank Group meets Turkey’s needs for knowledge 62 6.19 1.89 6 6.33 1.63 6 7.33 0.82 5 5.80 3.11 10 6.60 2.22 6 6.67 2.25 50 5.96 2.20 23 6.22 1.70 30 6.27 1.91 11 6.36 1.96 services D. World Bank Group’s Support in Development Areas From your perspective, which of the following best describes the World Bank Group’s current emphasis on investing in human capital (e.g., education, health, social protection)?* Employee of a Ministry/ Independent Bilateral/ Private Sector/ PMU/Consultant Local Government State-Owned Multilateral Public-Private Financial Sector/ Percentage of Respondents on WBG Project Government Institution Enterprise Agency Partnership Private Bank CSO Academia Other Increased its emphasis recently 26.2% 20.0% 33.3% 22.2% 11.1% 16.7% 5.4% 20.0% 20.0% 18.2% Decreased its emphasis 10.8% 20.0% 33.3% 11.1% 11.1% 16.7% 21.4% 23.3% 16.7% 36.4% recently Emphasis has remained pretty 16.9% 20.0% 16.7% 0.0% 11.1% 16.7% 7.1% 13.3% 30.0% 9.1% consistent over time Don't know 46.2% 40.0% 16.7% 66.7% 66.7% 50.0% 66.1% 43.3% 33.3% 36.4% 62 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2020: Turkey E. World Bank Group’s Knowledge Work and Activities How frequently do you consult World Bank Group’s knowledge work and activities in the work you do?* Employee of a Ministry/ Independent Bilateral/ Private Sector/ PMU/Consultant Local Government State-Owned Multilateral Public-Private Financial Sector/ Percentage of Respondents on WBG Project Government Institution Enterprise Agency Partnership Private Bank CSO Academia Other Weekly 10.4% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 5.3% 0.0% 3.3% 0.0% Monthly 14.9% 14.3% 50.0% 11.1% 20.0% 16.7% 14.0% 6.7% 20.0% 30.8% A few times a year 52.2% 57.1% 50.0% 22.2% 70.0% 33.3% 47.4% 50.0% 63.3% 46.2% Rarely 17.9% 28.6% 0.0% 33.3% 10.0% 33.3% 21.1% 30.0% 13.3% 23.1% Never 4.5% 0.0% 0.0% 33.3% 0.0% 16.7% 12.3% 13.3% 0.0% 0.0% Employee of a Ministry/ Independent Bilateral/ Private Sector/ PMU/Consultant on Local Government State-Owned Multilateral Public-Private Financial Sector/ WBG Project Government Institution Enterprise Agency Partnership Private Bank CSO Academia Other N Mean SD N Mean SD N Mean SD N Mean SD N Mean SD N Mean SD N Mean SD N Mean SD N Mean SD N Mean SD In Turkey, to what extent do you believe that the World Bank Group’s knowledge work and activities are adaptable to Turkey’s 56 6.09 2.00 7 5.71 2.50 5 6.60 1.52 4 5.25 2.06 8 6.38 2.93 5 6.60 2.61 40 5.65 2.38 22 5.18 2.06 25 5.48 2.06 9 5.56 2.19 specific development challenges and country circumstances (1-To no degree at all, 10-To a very significant degree) Employee of a Ministry/ Independent Bilateral/ Private Sector/ PMU/Consultant on Local Government State-Owned Multilateral Public-Private Financial Sector/ WBG Project Government Institution Enterprise Agency Partnership Private Bank CSO Academia Other N Mean SD N Mean SD N Mean SD N Mean SD N Mean SD N Mean SD N Mean SD N Mean SD N Mean SD N Mean SD Overall, how significant a contribution do you believe the World Bank Group's knowledge 58 5.69 1.93 7 6.14 1.35 5 6.20 1.92 3 5.67 2.52 8 6.38 2.62 3 5.67 1.16 47 5.45 2.50 23 6.22 1.59 28 5.50 2.06 10 5.20 2.20 work and activities make to development results in your country? Overall, how would you rate the technical quality of the World 63 6.95 1.88 7 7.00 1.29 6 7.50 1.52 4 6.50 2.65 9 7.33 2.18 5 7.40 2.19 45 6.89 1.96 22 7.18 1.33 28 7.32 1.74 12 7.08 1.73 Bank Group's knowledge work and activities? (1-Not significant at all, 10-Very significant; 1-Very low technical quality, 10-Very high technical quality) 63 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2020: Turkey F. The Future Role of The World Bank Group in Turkey Which of the following SHOULD the World Bank Group do to make itself of greater value in Turkey? (Choose no more than TWO) Employee of a Ministry/ Independent Bilateral/ Private Sector/ Percentage of Respondents PMU/Consultant Local Government State-Owned Multilateral Public-Private Financial Sector/ (Responses combined) on WBG Project Government Institution Enterprise Agency Partnership Private Bank CSO Academia Other Ensure greater selectivity in its 3.0% 0.0% 0.0% 11.1% 10.0% 0.0% 1.8% 6.7% 3.3% 0.0% work Increase the level of capacity 31.8% 33.3% 16.7% 22.2% 50.0% 16.7% 21.1% 56.7% 53.3% 25.0% development in the country* Improve the quality of its experts as related to Turkey’s 37.9% 33.3% 50.0% 11.1% 30.0% 66.7% 26.3% 33.3% 30.0% 50.0% specific challenges Engage more effectively with 16.7% 16.7% 50.0% 11.1% 10.0% 0.0% 56.1% 20.0% 26.7% 16.7% private sector* Offer more innovative knowledge products and 12.1% 33.3% 16.7% 0.0% 0.0% 33.3% 1.8% 6.7% 13.3% 33.3% services* Collaborate more effectively with Government clients (e.g., 30.3% 33.3% 33.3% 33.3% 20.0% 16.7% 5.3% 13.3% 23.3% 0.0% national, state, local)* Work faster 12.1% 16.7% 0.0% 0.0% 10.0% 16.7% 19.3% 3.3% 3.3% 0.0% Reduce the complexity of obtaining World Bank Group 18.2% 0.0% 0.0% 33.3% 20.0% 0.0% 19.3% 10.0% 6.7% 8.3% financing Increase availability of Reimbursable Advisory Services 3.0% 33.3% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 16.7% 12.3% 6.7% 0.0% 16.7% (RAS)* Help to bring discipline/effective supervision 12.1% 0.0% 16.7% 11.1% 0.0% 0.0% 3.5% 0.0% 16.7% 33.3% to implementation of World Bank Group projects* Offer more innovative financial 16.7% 0.0% 16.7% 22.2% 20.0% 16.7% 17.5% 16.7% 6.7% 16.7% products and services Other 1.5% 0.0% 0.0% 11.1% 0.0% 0.0% 5.3% 16.7% 3.3% 0.0% *Significantly different between stakeholder groups 64 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2020: Turkey F. The Future Role of The World Bank Group in Turkey (continued) In addition to the regular relations with the national government, which TWO of the following groups should the World Bank Group collaborate with more in your country? (Choose no more than TWO) Employee of a Ministry/ Independent Bilateral/ Private Sector/ Percentage of Respondents PMU/Consultant Local Government State-Owned Multilateral Public-Private Financial Sector/ (Responses combined) on WBG Project Government Institution Enterprise Agency Partnership Private Bank CSO Academia Other Beneficiaries 44.8% 28.6% 50.0% 22.2% 33.3% 33.3% 28.1% 26.7% 26.7% 38.5% Private sector* 35.8% 14.3% 66.7% 11.1% 33.3% 16.7% 66.7% 16.7% 30.0% 38.5% Local government 58.2% 85.7% 33.3% 22.2% 33.3% 50.0% 42.1% 43.3% 46.7% 53.8% Donor community* 7.5% 0.0% 0.0% 11.1% 55.6% 0.0% 1.8% 16.7% 3.3% 15.4% Parliament 3.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 5.3% 3.3% 3.3% 7.7% Academia/think tanks/research 32.8% 28.6% 50.0% 22.2% 0.0% 66.7% 26.3% 43.3% 76.7% 30.8% institutes* Media 6.0% 0.0% 0.0% 22.2% 0.0% 16.7% 7.0% 3.3% 6.7% 7.7% Other* 3.0% 14.3% 0.0% 0.0% 33.3% 0.0% 0.0% 36.7% 0.0% 7.7% Don’t know* 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 33.3% 0.0% 0.0% 5.3% 3.3% 3.3% 0.0% *Significantly different between stakeholder groups G. Communication and Information Sharing How frequently do you interact with the World Bank Group now in Turkey?* Employee of a Ministry/ Independent Bilateral/ Private Sector/ PMU/Consultant Local Government State-Owned Multilateral Public-Private Financial Sector/ Percentage of Respondents on WBG Project Government Institution Enterprise Agency Partnership Private Bank CSO Academia Other Never 7.7% 0.0% 0.0% 55.6% 0.0% 16.7% 29.3% 16.7% 16.7% 16.7% Less than once a year 20.0% 28.6% 0.0% 0.0% 20.0% 0.0% 19.0% 26.7% 23.3% 33.3% Once a year to a few times a year 29.2% 28.6% 50.0% 11.1% 60.0% 50.0% 27.6% 36.7% 43.3% 25.0% Less than once a month 4.6% 14.3% 50.0% 11.1% 0.0% 16.7% 10.3% 16.7% 13.3% 16.7% At least once a month 23.1% 28.6% 0.0% 22.2% 10.0% 16.7% 12.1% 3.3% 3.3% 0.0% At least once a week 15.4% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 10.0% 0.0% 1.7% 0.0% 0.0% 8.3% *Significantly different between stakeholder groups 65 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2020: Turkey G. Communication and Information Sharing (continued) How do you get most of your information about economic and social development issues in Turkey? (Choose no more than TWO) Employee of a Ministry/ Independent Bilateral/ Private Sector/ Percentage of Respondents PMU/Consultant Local Government State-Owned Multilateral Public-Private Financial Sector/ (Responses combined) on WBG Project Government Institution Enterprise Agency Partnership Private Bank CSO Academia Other Local newspapers 27.3% 28.6% 16.7% 22.2% 22.2% 50.0% 12.1% 20.0% 6.7% 7.7% International newspapers 10.6% 14.3% 0.0% 22.2% 11.1% 16.7% 19.0% 16.7% 16.7% 15.4% Local television 15.2% 28.6% 0.0% 22.2% 11.1% 16.7% 5.2% 3.3% 3.3% 15.4% International television 7.6% 0.0% 16.7% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 3.4% 3.3% 6.7% 7.7% Internet 84.8% 57.1% 100.0% 66.7% 88.9% 83.3% 79.3% 83.3% 93.3% 84.6% Social media 30.3% 28.6% 50.0% 33.3% 11.1% 33.3% 44.8% 60.0% 40.0% 30.8% Other 12.1% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 11.1% 0.0% 6.9% 6.7% 6.7% 15.4% How would you prefer to receive information from the World Bank Group? (Choose no more than TWO) Employee of a Ministry/ Independent Bilateral/ Private Sector/ Percentage of Respondents PMU/Consultant Local Government State-Owned Multilateral Public-Private Financial Sector/ (Responses combined) on WBG Project Government Institution Enterprise Agency Partnership Private Bank CSO Academia Other World Bank Group’s publications and other written 18.5% 14.3% 16.7% 0.0% 20.0% 16.7% 22.4% 30.0% 33.3% 15.4% materials e-Newsletters 24.6% 28.6% 16.7% 22.2% 20.0% 33.3% 44.8% 30.0% 16.7% 61.5% World Bank Group’s seminars/workshops/conferen 41.5% 28.6% 66.7% 33.3% 60.0% 66.7% 31.0% 46.7% 46.7% 15.4% ces World Bank Group’s website 36.9% 14.3% 16.7% 33.3% 40.0% 33.3% 34.5% 23.3% 30.0% 30.8% Direct contact with World Bank 35.4% 57.1% 16.7% 33.3% 40.0% 33.3% 13.8% 26.7% 16.7% 23.1% Group Social media 23.1% 14.3% 33.3% 22.2% 0.0% 16.7% 19.0% 26.7% 23.3% 15.4% Webinars or online events hosted by the World Bank 12.3% 14.3% 33.3% 0.0% 10.0% 0.0% 20.7% 10.0% 26.7% 30.8% Group H. Background Information Currently, do you professionally collaborate/work with the World Bank Group (IBRD, IFC, MIGA, ICSID) in your country?* Employee of a Ministry/ Independent Bilateral/ Private Sector/ PMU/Consultant Local Government State-Owned Multilateral Public-Private Financial Sector/ Percentage of Respondents on WBG Project Government Institution Enterprise Agency Partnership Private Bank CSO Academia Other Yes 62.5% 57.1% 50.0% 20.0% 62.5% 57.1% 27.9% 18.2% 16.1% 12.5% No 37.5% 42.9% 50.0% 80.0% 37.5% 42.9% 72.1% 81.8% 83.9% 87.5% *Significantly different between stakeholder groups 66 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2020: Turkey H. Background Information (continued) If yes, which of the following agencies of the World Bank Group do you primarily collaborate/ work with in Turkey? (Select only ONE response) Employee of a Ministry/ Independent Bilateral/ Private Sector/ PMU/Consultant Local Government State-Owned Multilateral Public-Private Financial Sector/ Percentage of Respondents on WBG Project Government Institution Enterprise Agency Partnership Private Bank CSO Academia Other The World Bank (IBRD) 91.8% 75.0% 100.0% 100.0% 90.0% 100.0% 89.5% 100.0% 60.0% 100.0% The International Finance 8.2% 25.0% 0.0% 0.0% 10.0% 0.0% 10.5% 0.0% 40.0% 0.0% Corporation (IFC) Which of the following describes most of your exposure to the World Bank Group in Turkey? (Choose no more than TWO) Employee of a Ministry/ Independent Bilateral/ Private Sector/ Percentage of Respondents PMU/Consultant Local Government State-Owned Multilateral Public-Private Financial Sector/ (Responses combined) on WBG Project Government Institution Enterprise Agency Partnership Private Bank CSO Academia Other Observer* 6.6% 14.3% 0.0% 53.8% 18.8% 14.3% 28.8% 34.4% 13.3% 7.1% Use World Bank Group 18.4% 14.3% 50.0% 15.4% 56.3% 14.3% 37.9% 46.9% 40.0% 50.0% reports/data* Engage in World Bank Group related/sponsored 22.4% 28.6% 0.0% 0.0% 31.3% 14.3% 18.2% 9.4% 16.7% 7.1% events/activities Collaborate as part of my 77.6% 57.1% 50.0% 23.1% 43.8% 57.1% 36.4% 28.1% 26.7% 35.7% professional duties* Use World Bank Group website for information, data, research, 22.4% 0.0% 50.0% 23.1% 25.0% 42.9% 31.8% 34.4% 60.0% 57.1% etc.* *Significantly different between stakeholder groups 67 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2020: Turkey Appendix C: Responses to Selected Questions by Level of Collaboration with the World Bank Group17 Note that this appendix presents comparative analysis of the data from those respondents who collaborate with the WBG vs. those respondents who do not collaborate with the WBG and covers the following selected questions from the FY20 Turkey COS questionnaire: All 10-point scale questions and questions B7, B9, B10, and F1. For 10-point scale questions that were asked both in FY17 and FY20 Turkey COS, the analysis for collaborators is presented for both years. However, ONLY FY20 responses are tested for statistical significance (collaborators vs. non-collaborators). Collaborating with the WBG, FY17 N=103 Collaborating with the WBG, FY20 N=107 Not collaborating with the WBG, FY20 N=174 A. Overall Context To what extent do you trust each of the following groups to do what is right? (1-To no degree at all, 10-To a very significant degree) Collaborating with the WBG Not collaborating with the WBG N Mean SD N Mean SD The national/federal government* 92 5.02 2.88 143 4.13 2.91 Bilateral organizations (e.g., DFID, JICA, GIZ, USAID) 80 5.20 1.91 123 4.87 2.25 The World Bank Group* 88 6.09 2.19 147 5.46 2.24 The International Monetary Fund 87 4.91 2.20 143 4.43 2.30 The United Nations (UN) 89 5.45 2.35 149 5.17 2.52 Regional development banks 85 5.65 1.98 139 5.22 2.21 Turkey’s Central Bank* 92 5.58 2.31 148 4.78 2.60 International private sector 88 5.41 1.92 149 5.27 2.28 Domestic private sector 92 5.84 1.96 150 5.92 2.20 International civil society (e.g., NGOs, CBOs) 87 5.85 2.14 147 5.99 2.29 Domestic civil society (e.g., NGOs, CBOs) 88 6.24 2.11 148 6.28 2.09 Faith-based institutions 86 3.10 2.22 147 2.78 2.07 Domestic traditional media and their web presence 90 3.54 2.40 151 2.99 1.99 International media and their web presence 90 4.70 2.15 150 4.73 2.41 Web based media 90 5.48 2.23 150 5.15 2.44 *Significantly different between collaborators and non-collaborators B. Overall Attitudes Toward the World Bank Group 2017 2020 Collaborating with the WBG Collaborating with the WBG Not collaborating with the WBG N Mean SD N Mean SD N Mean SD How familiar are you with the work of the World Bank 100 6.80 2.00 100 7.32 1.80 151 5.73 2.39 Group in Turkey?* (1-Not familiar at all, 10-Extremely familiar) *Significantly different between collaborators and non-collaborators 17 Only 281 respondents provided information about their level of collaboration with the World Bank Group (question H3 in the questionnaire). Therefore, only these respondents were included in the analysis presented in this appendix. 68 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2020: Turkey B. Overall Attitudes Toward the World Bank Group (continued) To what extent do you agree/disagree with the following statements about the World Bank Group’s work in Turkey? (1-Strongly disagree, 10-Strongly agree) 2017 2020 Collaborating with the WBG Collaborating with the WBG Not collaborating with the WBG N Mean SD N Mean SD N Mean SD Overall the World Bank Group currently plays a relevant 91 5.75 2.12 96 6.26 2.02 129 5.27 2.09 role in development in Turkey* The World Bank Group’s work is aligned with what I 87 5.95 2.03 97 6.63 1.86 126 5.58 2.07 consider the development priorities for Turkey* *Significantly different between collaborators and non-collaborators 2017 2020 Collaborating with the WBG Collaborating with the WBG Not collaborating with the WBG N Mean SD N Mean SD N Mean SD Overall, please rate your impression of the World Bank 98 6.21 1.75 95 6.37 1.81 125 5.22 2.13 Group’s effectiveness in Turkey.* (1-Not effective at all, 10-Very effective) *Significantly different between collaborators and non-collaborators 2017 2020 Collaborating with the WBG Collaborating with the WBG Not collaborating with the WBG N Mean SD N Mean SD N Mean SD To what extent does the World Bank Group’s work help to 69 5.54 2.01 91 5.85 1.89 117 5.00 2.07 achieve development results in Turkey?* (1-To no degree at all, 10-To a very significant degree) *Significantly different between collaborators and non-collaborators Collaborating with the WBG Not collaborating with the WBG N Mean SD N Mean SD To what extent does the World Bank Group influence the 92 5.49 2.04 125 4.50 2.17 development agenda in Turkey?* (1-To no degree at all, 10-To a very significant degree) *Significantly different between collaborators and non-collaborators To what extent do you believe that the World Bank Group’s work and support help the poorest in Turkey? (Select only ONE response) Collaborating with Not collaborating Percentage of Respondents the WBG with the WBG To a fully sufficient degree 3.7% 5.9% To a somewhat sufficient degree 58.7% 54.6% To a somewhat insufficient degree 26.6% 25.7% To a very insufficient degree 4.6% 2.6% Don't know 6.4% 11.2% 69 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2020: Turkey B. Overall Attitudes Toward the World Bank Group (continued) Which of the following do you identify as the World Bank Group’s greatest WEAKNESSES in its work in Turkey? (Choose no more than TWO) Percentage of Respondents Collaborating with Not collaborating (Responses combined) the WBG with the WBG Not aligned with country priorities 10.1% 6.9% Not adequately sensitive to political/social realities in Turkey 11.1% 16.0% Too influenced by developed countries 15.2% 17.4% World Bank Group’s processes too slow and complex* 22.2% 12.5% Not adequately flexible 12.1% 6.9% Not sufficiently focused on sustainable results 13.1% 9.7% Not collaborating enough with civil society 9.1% 15.3% Not enough public disclosure of its work 25.3% 34.7% Arrogant in its approach 6.1% 2.1% Inadequate World Bank Group’s staffing in Turkey 14.1% 9.7% Not willing to honestly criticize policies and reform efforts in the country 18.2% 21.5% Staff too inaccessible 9.1% 4.9% Not collaborating enough with private sector 6.1% 6.9% Not collaborating enough with partners such as bilaterals, multilaterals, trust 4.0% 1.4% funds, UN Other 2.0% 1.4% Don't know* 3.0% 12.5% *Significantly different between collaborators and non-collaborators 70 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2020: Turkey B. Overall Attitudes Toward the World Bank Group (continued) When thinking about how the World Bank Group can have the most impact on development results in Turkey, in which sectors do you believe the World Bank Group should focus most of its resources (financial and knowledge services) in Turkey? (Choose no more than THREE) Percentage of Respondents Collaborating with Not collaborating (Responses combined) the WBG with the WBG Education 34.3% 31.0% Public sector governance/reform* 27.3% 16.6% Global/regional integration 2.0% 6.2% Food security 4.0% 2.8% Urban development 9.1% 5.5% Water and sanitation 2.0% 0.0% Pollution 0.0% 0.7% Job creation/employment* 37.4% 24.8% Health 3.0% 5.5% Financial markets 4.0% 6.9% Social protection 3.0% 4.8% Gender equity 7.1% 11.0% Private sector development* 17.2% 8.3% Energy 9.1% 5.5% Natural resource management 6.1% 9.0% Climate change 9.1% 13.1% Poverty reduction 19.2% 20.0% Anti-corruption 13.1% 17.9% Judiciary reform 7.1% 13.1% Economic growth 23.2% 18.6% Disaster risk management 3.0% 5.5% Equality of opportunity 13.1% 11.7% Information and communications technology 3.0% 6.9% Transport 0.0% 1.4% Agriculture and rural development 25.3% 26.2% Trade and exports 6.1% 9.0% Crime and violence 0.0% 0.7% *Significantly different between collaborators and non-collaborators C. World Bank Group’s Work and Engagement on the Ground 2017 2020 Collaborating with the WBG Collaborating with the WBG Not collaborating with the WBG N Mean SD N Mean SD N Mean SD To what extent do you believe the World Bank Group’s staff is well prepared to help Turkey solve its most 86 6.56 1.94 84 6.54 1.93 100 5.74 2.23 complicated development challenges?* (1-To no degree at all, 10-To a very significant degree) *Significantly different between collaborators and non-collaborators 71 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2020: Turkey C. World Bank Group’s Work and Engagement on the Ground (continued) To what extent is the World Bank Group an effective development partner in Turkey, in terms of each of the following? (1-To no degree at all, 10-To a very significant degree) 2017 2020 Collaborating with the WBG Collaborating with the WBG Not collaborating with the WBG N Mean SD N Mean SD N Mean SD Responsiveness to needs* 82 5.77 1.89 87 6.10 1.63 107 5.10 2.15 Flexibility (in terms of the institution’s products and 73 5.44 2.14 83 5.78 1.87 100 5.09 2.15 services)* Flexibility (in terms of changing country circumstances)* 78 5.24 2.08 87 5.76 1.77 98 4.98 2.07 Being inclusive* 77 5.66 2.13 88 6.36 1.72 111 5.19 2.10 Openness (sharing data and other information) 82 6.57 2.25 90 7.03 2.08 111 6.42 2.29 Collaboration with the Government* 75 6.84 2.07 85 6.96 1.89 97 5.99 2.28 The speed in which it gets things accomplished on the 73 5.77 2.29 84 5.86 1.95 104 5.05 2.25 ground* Helping to bring discipline/effective supervision to 68 6.46 2.27 81 6.72 1.97 105 5.72 2.20 implementation of investment projects* Collaboration with civil society* 70 5.93 1.95 76 6.16 2.12 106 5.08 2.30 Staff accessibility* 79 6.78 2.30 86 7.01 2.40 97 5.16 2.56 Collaboration with other donors and development 60 6.35 2.01 76 6.70 2.10 91 5.55 2.35 partners* Collaboration with the private sector* 67 6.09 2.01 78 6.38 1.98 100 5.23 2.32 Straightforwardness and honesty* 73 7.62 2.00 87 7.68 1.88 107 6.87 2.51 Treating clients and stakeholders in Turkey with respect* 77 7.90 1.93 87 7.92 2.15 102 6.75 2.54 Being a long-term partner* 78 7.85 2.01 86 8.01 2.01 110 6.63 2.50 *Significantly different between collaborators and non-collaborators To what extent do you agree/disagree with the following statements? (1-Strongly disagree, 10-Strongly agree) 2017 2020 Collaborating with the WBG Collaborating with the WBG Not collaborating with the WBG N Mean SD N Mean SD N Mean SD The World Bank Group disburses funds promptly* 57 5.86 1.85 75 5.61 2.15 88 4.57 2.36 The World Bank Group effectively monitors and evaluates 66 6.86 1.68 86 6.85 2.15 100 6.07 2.28 the projects and programs it supports* The World Bank Group’s approvals and reviews are done 61 6.41 1.70 80 6.19 2.21 92 5.59 2.26 in a timely fashion The World Bank Group’s Environmental and Social 43 6.58 1.48 82 6.93 1.92 96 5.78 2.14 Framework requirements are reasonable* i The World Bank Group takes decisions quickly in 54 6.17 2.03 78 5.83 2.15 86 5.12 2.35 Turkey* Working with the World Bank Group increases Turkey’s 71 7.10 1.77 92 7.47 2.09 106 6.29 2.57 institutional capacity* Where country systems are adequate, the World Bank 45 6.42 2.31 74 6.76 2.35 76 6.12 2.37 Group makes appropriate use of them *Significantly different between collaborators and non-collaborators I In FY 2017, the category was “The World Bank Group’s ‘Safeguard Policy’ requirements are reasonable”. 2017 2020 Collaborating with the WBG Collaborating with the WBG Not collaborating with the WBG N Mean SD N Mean SD N Mean SD The World Bank Group’s financial instruments meet the 63 5.24 2.26 81 6.01 1.76 104 4.89 2.06 needs of Turkey* The World Bank Group meets Turkey’s needs for 69 6.12 2.13 93 6.77 1.70 117 5.79 2.06 knowledge services* (1- Strongly disagree, 10- Strongly agree) *Significantly different between collaborators and non-collaborators 72 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2020: Turkey C. World Bank Group’s Work and Engagement on the Ground (continued) 2017 2020 Collaborating with the WBG Collaborating with the WBG Not collaborating with the WBG N Mean SD N Mean SD N Mean SD To what extent do you believe that Turkey received value for money from the World Bank Group’s Reimbursable Advisory 36 5.89 1.94 53 5.96 2.19 61 4.70 2.11 Services (RAS)?* (1-Not effectively at all, 10-Very effectively) *Significantly different between collaborators and non-collaborators Collaborating with the WBG Not collaborating with the WBG N Mean SD N Mean SD To what extent do you believe that the donor community is doing enough to support the government’s efforts related to refugees in 74 5.00 2.28 102 4.57 2.55 Turkey? (1-To no degree at all, 10-To a very significant degree) D. World Bank Group’s Support in Development Areas How EFFECTIVE do you believe the World Bank Group is in terms of the work it does in the following areas of development in Turkey? (1-Not effective at all, 10-Very effective) 2017 2020 Collaborating with the WBG Collaborating with the WBG Not collaborating with the WBG N Mean SD N Mean SD N Mean SD Social protection 42 5.05 2.19 43 4.51 1.91 63 4.03 2.50 Gender equity* 45 5.64 2.11 63 5.75 2.04 81 4.98 2.21 Private sector development* 56 6.16 1.94 68 6.34 1.69 78 5.01 2.14 Public sector governance/reform* 53 5.87 2.10 63 6.13 1.69 89 4.76 2.39 Urban development* 43 5.86 1.93 58 6.55 1.87 79 4.59 2.25 Energy* 53 6.13 1.96 58 6.91 1.75 81 5.26 2.27 Water and sanitation* 52 6.1 1.97 53 6.55 1.98 68 5.29 2.44 Job creation/employment* 51 6.27 2.01 67 6.03 1.99 82 4.61 2.24 Health* 43 5.88 2.15 50 6.14 2.07 73 4.86 2.33 Transport* 43 5.98 2.12 47 6.17 2.16 66 4.79 2.42 Agriculture and rural development* 58 5.98 2.20 75 4.61 2.28 Trade and exports* 46 6.02 2.02 52 6.08 1.99 62 4.61 2.29 Natural resource management* 47 6.09 2.04 56 6.39 2.01 77 4.99 2.47 Climate change* 45 6.31 2.17 56 6.41 2.09 70 4.59 2.39 Poverty reduction* 52 6.06 2.17 61 5.72 2.09 78 4.69 2.52 Economic growth* 55 6.31 2.03 68 6.35 2.04 84 5.14 2.45 Disaster risk management* 41 6.05 2.41 44 6.55 1.87 67 4.61 2.53 Equality of opportunity* 43 5.95 2.23 62 6.11 2.02 75 4.71 2.45 * Significantly different between collaborators and non-collaborators 73 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2020: Turkey E. World Bank Group’s Knowledge Work and Activities In Turkey, to what extent do you believe that the World Bank Group’s knowledge work and activities: (1- To no degree at all, 10- To a very significant degree) 2017 2020 Collaborating with the WBG Collaborating with the WBG Not collaborating with the WBG N Mean SD N Mean SD N Mean SD Are timely* 60 6.72 1.72 75 6.80 1.90 92 6.09 2.06 Include appropriate level of stakeholder involvement 62 6.84 1.67 80 6.81 1.96 93 5.70 2.14 during preparation* Lead to practical solutions* 60 6.37 1.65 81 6.28 2.01 95 5.62 2.07 Are source of relevant information on global good 66 7.33 1.74 86 7.67 1.83 106 7.18 1.97 practices Are adequately disseminated* 63 6.40 1.85 78 6.44 1.95 97 5.71 2.04 Are translated enough into local language* 61 6.85 1.83 80 6.71 2.03 100 5.75 2.16 Are adaptable to Turkey’s specific development 61 6.48 1.98 82 6.21 1.98 99 5.42 2.26 challenges and country circumstances* *Significantly different between collaborators and non-collaborators 2017 2020 Collaborating with the WBG Collaborating with the WBG Not collaborating with the WBG N Mean SD N Mean SD N Mean SD Overall, how significant a contribution do you believe the World Bank Group's knowledge work and activities make 72 5.94 1.94 84 6.17 1.99 109 5.36 2.09 to development results in your country?* (1- Not significant at all, 10- Very significant) *Significantly different between collaborators and non-collaborators 2017 2020 Collaborating with the WBG Collaborating with the WBG Not collaborating with the WBG N Mean SD N Mean SD N Mean SD Overall, how would you rate the technical quality of the 71 7.23 1.82 90 7.31 1.75 111 6.86 1.83 World Bank Group's knowledge work and activities?* (1- Very low technical quality, 10- Very high technical quality) *Significantly different between collaborators and non-collaborators F. The Future Role of the World Bank Group in Turkey Which of the following SHOULD the World Bank Group do to make itself of greater value in Turkey? (Choose no more than TWO) Percentage of Respondents Collaborating with Not collaborating (Responses combined) the WBG with the WBG Ensure greater selectivity in its work 5.3% 2.2% Increase the level of capacity development in the country 40.0% 31.2% Improve the quality of its experts as related to Turkey’s specific challenges 37.9% 31.2% Engage more effectively with private sector 25.3% 29.7% Offer more innovative knowledge products and services 7.4% 12.3% Collaborate more effectively with Government clients (e.g., national, state, 18.9% 18.1% local) Work faster 13.7% 8.0% Reduce the complexity of obtaining World Bank Group financing 13.7% 15.9% Increase availability of Reimbursable Advisory Services (RAS) 7.4% 6.5% Help to bring discipline/effective supervision to implementation of World Bank 8.4% 9.4% Group projects Offer more innovative financial products and services 16.8% 14.5% Other* 1.1% 7.2% *Significantly different between collaborators and non-collaborators 74 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2020: Turkey Appendix D: Responses to Selected Questions by Year18 All data presented in this appendix are weighted. As a result, means of the FY 2020 data and the total number of respondents indicated will be slightly different from the aggregated responses in Appendix A. Similarly, responses from FY 2017 respondents and the total number of respondents indicated may differ from those reported in the FY 2017 COS report. FY 2017 Number of comparable respondents = 248 FY 2020 Number of comparable respondents =264 By weighting, the FY 2017 and FY 2020 samples have the same stakeholder composition and thus are comparable. The weighted percentage of a stakeholder group is determined by the extent to which the World Bank Group interacts with them in the country and the percentage this group usually makes up in the past aggregated annual global data. The weighted stakeholder breakdown is presented below: Percentage of Respondents FY 2017 FY 2020 Office of the President/Prime Minister/Minister 1.0% 1.0% Government Institutions 37.5% 37.5% Local Government 5.0% 5.0% Bilateral/Multilateral Agency 7.0% 7.0% Civil Society 13.0% 13.0% Private Sector 26.0% 26.0% Academia/Research Institute/Think Tank 9.5% 9.5% Media 1.0% 1.0% A. Overall Context In general, would you say that Turkey is headed in ... ? Percentage of Respondents FY 2017 FY 2020 The right direction 39.1% 30.6% The wrong direction 34.0% 42.6% Not sure 26.8% 26.7% B. Overall Attitudes toward the World Bank Group FY 2017 FY 2020 N Mean SD N Mean SD How familiar are you with the work of the World Bank Group in 243 6.14 2.39 235 6.31 2.31 Turkey? (1-Not familiar at all, 10-Extremely familiar) To what extent do you agree/disagree with the following statements about the World Bank Group’s work in Turkey? (1-Strongly disagree, 10-Strongly agree) FY 2017 FY 2020 N Mean SD N Mean SD Overall the World Bank Group currently plays a relevant role in 211 5.42 2.19 208 5.67 2.13 development in Turkey The World Bank Group’s work is aligned with what I consider the 201 5.68 2.07 208 6.02 2.07 development priorities for Turkey 18Only those questions that were asked in the FY 2017 and FY 2020 country opinion surveys, with similar response scales/options, are presented in this appendix. 75 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2020: Turkey B. Overall Attitudes toward the World Bank Group (continued) FY 2017 FY 2020 N Mean SD N Mean SD Overall, please rate your impression of the World Bank Group’s 227 5.70 1.96 205 5.70 2.10 effectiveness in Turkey. (1-Not effective at all, 10-Very effective) FY 2017 FY 2020 N Mean SD N Mean SD To what extent does the World Bank Group’s work help to achieve 170 5.35 2.06 195 5.34 2.03 development results in Turkey? (1-To no degree at all, 10-To a very significant degree) To what extent do you believe that the World Bank Group’s work and support help the poorest in Turkey? (Select only ONE response) Percentage of Respondents FY 2017 FY 2020 To a fully sufficient degree 0.4% 0.4% To a somewhat sufficient degree 15.1% 18.5% To a somewhat insufficient degree 22.3% 23.5% To a very insufficient degree 34.0% 33.2% Don’t know 28.2% 24.4% C. World Bank Group’s Work and Engagement on the Ground FY 2017 FY 2020 N Mean SD N Mean SD To what extent do you believe the World Bank Group’s staff is well prepared to help Turkey solve its most complicated development 198 5.91 2.15 174 6.15 2.16 challenges? (1-To no degree at all, 10-To a very significant degree) 76 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2020: Turkey C. World Bank Group’s Work and Engagement on the Ground (continued) To what extent is the World Bank Group an effective development partner in Turkey, in terms of each of the following? (1- To no degree at all, 10-To a very significant degree) FY 2017 FY 2020 N Mean SD N Mean SD Responsiveness to needs 183 5.38 2.04 182 5.60 2.03 Flexibility (in terms of the institution’s products and services) 166 5.19 2.16 172 5.39 2.05 Flexibility (in terms of changing country circumstances) 175 5.08 2.08 174 5.37 1.99 Being inclusive 178 5.40 2.11 185 5.74 2.04 Openness (sharing data and other information) 186 6.32 2.29 186 6.73 2.23 Collaboration with the Government 168 6.52 2.17 173 6.43 2.17 The speed in which it gets things accomplished on the ground 172 5.37 2.24 175 5.46 2.20 Helping to bring discipline/effective supervision to implementation 162 6.27 2.29 176 6.28 2.15 of investment projects Collaboration with civil society 166 5.51 2.17 168 5.56 2.29 Staff accessibility 172 6.01 2.42 175 6.15 2.66 Collaboration with other donors and development partners 147 5.87 2.17 157 6.14 2.28 Collaboration with the private sector 161 5.69 2.12 168 5.77 2.26 Straightforwardness and honesty 169 7.47 2.19 179 7.26 2.32 Treating clients and stakeholders in Turkey with respect 171 7.61 2.04 177 7.30 2.44 Being a long-term partner 174 7.29 2.25 181 7.23 2.42 To what extent do you agree/disagree with the following statements? (1-Strongly disagree, 10-Strongly agree) FY 2017 FY 2020 N Mean SD N Mean SD The World Bank Group disburses funds promptly 123 5.31 2.08 160 5.09 2.32 The World Bank Group effectively monitors and evaluates the 142 6.70 2.00 175 6.45 2.27 projects and programs it supports The World Bank Group’s approvals and reviews are done in a 125 6.11 2.02 165 5.88 2.26 timely fashion The World Bank Group’s Environmental and Social Framework 93 6.13 1.94 168 6.36 2.13 requirements are reasonablei The World Bank Group takes decisions quickly in Turkey 115 5.55 2.15 158 5.50 2.29 Working with the World Bank Group increases Turkey’s 152 6.75 2.14 187 6.83 2.44 institutional capacity Where country systems are adequate, the World Bank Group 96 6.12 2.27 144 6.43 2.36 makes appropriate use of them i In FY 2017, the category was “The World Bank Group’s ‘Safeguard Policy’ requirements are reasonable”. 77 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2020: Turkey C. World Bank Group’s Work and Engagement on the Ground (continued) To what extent do you agree/disagree with the following statements about the World Bank Group in Turkey? (1-Strongly disagree, 10-Strongly agree) FY 2017 FY 2020 N Mean SD N Mean SD The World Bank Group’s financial instruments meet the needs of 163 4.76 2.20 173 5.41 2.02 Turkey* The World Bank Group meets Turkey’s needs for knowledge 176 5.79 2.27 195 6.23 1.95 services* *Significantly different between FY2017 and FY2020 FY 2017 FY 2020 N Mean SD N Mean SD To what extent do you believe that Turkey received value for money from the World Bank Group’s Reimbursable Advisory 88 5.39 2.25 108 5.38 2.30 Services (RAS)? (1-To no degree at all, 10-To a very significant degree) D. World Bank Group’s Support in Development Areas How EFFECTIVE do you believe the World Bank Group is in terms of the work it does in the following areas of development in Turkey? (1-Not effective at all, 10-Very effective) FY 2017 FY 2020 N Mean SD N Mean SD Social protection 110 4.75 2.168 101 4.31 2.333 Gender equity 117 5.32 2.23 134 5.35 2.19 Private sector development 138 5.80 2.17 136 5.60 2.12 Public sector governance/reform 137 5.56 2.26 143 5.31 2.20 Urban development 114 5.60 2.35 128 5.35 2.29 Energy 127 5.83 2.20 127 5.89 2.19 Water and sanitation 123 5.79 2.34 114 5.79 2.29 Job creation/employment 129 5.58 2.23 140 5.20 2.21 Health 112 5.43 2.26 115 5.32 2.27 Transport 117 5.55 2.32 106 5.33 2.39 i Agriculture and rural development 127 5.18 2.33 Trade and exports 112 5.62 2.25 109 5.27 2.27 Natural resource management 118 5.65 2.23 125 5.52 2.38 Climate change 116 5.75 2.37 121 5.43 2.42 Poverty reduction 131 5.53 2.34 131 5.14 2.36 Economic growth 137 5.74 2.22 142 5.63 2.34 Disaster risk management 111 5.38 2.58 106 5.36 2.50 Equality of opportunity 117 5.55 2.47 129 5.30 2.35 i Only FY 2020 questionnaire had this response option 78 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2020: Turkey E. The World Bank Group’s Knowledge Work and Activities How frequently do you consult World Bank Group’s knowledge work and activities in the work you do? * Percentage of Respondents FY 2017 FY 2020 Weekly 1.8% 5.0% Monthly 8.7% 15.5% A few times a year 36.7% 51.8% Rarely 34.9% 20.0% Never 17.9% 7.7% *Significantly different between FY2017 and FY2020 In Turkey, to what extent do you believe that the World Bank Group’s knowledge work and activities: (1-To no degree at all, 10-To a very significant degree) FY 2017 FY 2020 N Mean SD N Mean SD Are timely 133 5.95 2.05 157 6.40 2.01 Include appropriate level of stakeholder involvement during 135 5.98 2.07 164 6.31 2.03 preparation Lead to practical solutions 142 5.74 2.01 166 5.96 2.01 Are source of relevant information on global good practices* 152 6.95 2.18 180 7.43 1.85 Are adequately disseminated* 148 5.58 2.14 164 6.07 1.98 Are translated enough into local language 149 6.18 2.29 171 6.20 2.19 Are adaptable to Turkey’s specific development challenges and 150 5.73 2.10 171 5.79 2.16 country circumstances *Significantly different between FY2017 and FY2020 FY 2017 FY 2020 N Mean SD N Mean SD Overall, how significant a contribution do you believe the World Bank Group's knowledge work and activities make to development 169 5.51 2.10 181 5.76 2.07 results in your country? Overall, how would you rate the technical quality of the World Bank 164 6.69 1.97 188 7.05 1.79 Group's knowledge work and activities? (1-Not significant at all, 10-Very significant; 1-Very low technical quality, 10-Very high technical quality) 79 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2020: Turkey Appendix E: Indicator Questions as a Function of Exposure to the World Bank Group Currently, do you professionally Which of the following describes most of your exposure to the World Bank Group in Turkey? collaborate/work with the World (Choose no more than TWO) Indicator Question Bank Group in your country? Observer Use WBG reports/data Engage in WBG activities Collaborate Use WBG website Not collaborating Collaborating No Mean Yes Mean No Mean Yes Mean No Mean Yes Mean No Mean Yes Mean No Mean Yes Mean with the WBG with the WBG To what extent do you trust the World Bank Group to do what is 5.46 6.09 5.91 5.24 5.76 5.83 5.64 6.53 5.41 6.20 5.98 5.40 right? Overall the World Bank Group currently plays a relevant role in 5.27 6.26 5.93 4.75 5.87 5.56 5.58 6.65 5.10 6.36 5.98 5.30 development in Turkey The World Bank Group’s work is aligned with what I consider the 5.58 6.63 6.33 4.80 6.06 6.22 5.98 6.81 5.56 6.61 6.23 5.89 development priorities for Turkey Overall, please rate your impression of the World Bank Group’s 5.22 6.37 5.95 4.84 5.90 5.59 5.62 6.59 5.23 6.28 5.95 5.45 effectiveness in Turkey. To what extent does the World Bank Group’s work help to 5.00 5.85 5.63 4.40 5.56 5.25 5.30 6.17 4.91 5.92 5.61 5.08 achieve development results in Turkey? To what extent does the World Bank Group influence the 4.50 5.49 5.19 3.88 5.04 4.90 4.81 5.84 4.36 5.56 5.24 4.42 development agenda in Turkey? Responsiveness to needs 5.10 6.10 5.81 4.42 5.60 5.66 5.52 6.16 5.07 6.06 5.77 5.32 Flexibility (in terms of the institution’s products and services) 5.09 5.78 5.58 4.52 5.40 5.49 5.30 6.06 4.94 5.83 5.59 5.09 Flexibility (in terms of changing country circumstances) 4.98 5.76 5.56 4.32 5.31 5.56 5.28 5.94 4.91 5.77 5.53 5.09 Being inclusive 5.19 6.36 5.97 4.54 5.75 5.80 5.55 6.82 5.20 6.22 5.98 5.31 Openness (sharing data and other information) 6.42 7.03 6.89 5.86 6.55 7.13 6.64 7.31 6.54 6.92 6.75 6.75 Collaboration with the Government 5.99 6.96 6.54 6.00 6.41 6.60 6.38 6.85 6.10 6.75 6.59 6.20 The speed in which it gets things accomplished on the ground 5.05 5.86 5.58 4.35 5.46 5.30 5.29 6.00 4.90 5.80 5.57 5.04 Helping to bring discipline/effective supervision to implementation 5.72 6.72 6.32 5.27 6.14 6.24 6.01 6.97 5.87 6.43 6.28 5.93 of investment projects Collaboration with civil society 5.08 6.16 5.66 4.92 5.64 5.42 5.40 6.37 5.15 5.94 5.73 5.19 Staff accessibility 5.16 7.01 6.24 4.78 6.09 5.98 5.86 7.07 5.27 6.63 6.28 5.55 Collaboration with other donors and development partners 5.55 6.70 6.22 5.20 6.07 6.14 5.86 7.35 5.64 6.45 6.33 5.60 Collaboration with the private sector 5.23 6.38 5.92 4.81 5.68 5.89 5.53 6.87 5.38 6.07 5.94 5.29 Straightforwardness and honesty 6.87 7.68 7.38 6.56 7.19 7.44 7.19 7.73 6.80 7.65 7.44 6.94 Treating clients and stakeholders in Turkey with respect 6.75 7.92 7.49 6.48 7.21 7.63 7.19 8.06 6.87 7.71 7.52 6.93 Being a long-term partner 6.63 8.01 7.41 6.53 7.30 7.24 7.14 7.97 6.79 7.70 7.43 6.97 The World Bank Group takes decisions quickly in Turkey 5.12 5.83 5.61 4.75 5.50 5.51 5.33 6.37 5.09 5.79 5.70 5.02 Where country systems are adequate, the World Bank Group 6.12 6.76 6.58 5.58 6.32 6.74 6.27 7.38 6.26 6.58 6.46 6.42 makes appropriate use of them The World Bank Group’s financial instruments meet the needs of 4.89 6.01 5.58 4.46 5.46 5.34 5.27 6.21 4.99 5.80 5.55 5.16 Turkey The World Bank Group meets Turkey’s needs for knowledge 5.79 6.77 6.40 5.43 6.19 6.40 6.19 6.65 5.97 6.52 6.23 6.34 services In Turkey, to what extent do you believe that the World Bank Group’s knowledge work and activities are adaptable to Turkey’s 5.42 6.21 5.88 5.26 5.78 5.86 5.63 6.59 5.51 6.04 5.89 5.63 specific development challenges and country circumstances Overall, how significant a contribution do you believe the World Bank Group's knowledge work and activities make to 5.36 6.17 5.82 5.12 5.73 5.74 5.59 6.33 5.39 6.02 5.81 5.57 development results in your country? Overall, how would you rate the technical quality of the World 6.86 7.31 7.10 6.95 6.98 7.28 7.05 7.24 6.86 7.26 7.08 7.09 Bank Group's knowledge work and activities? Yellow highlight indicates significant difference between Yes and No means. 80 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2020: Turkey Appendix F: Turkey FY20 COS Questionnaire World Bank Group Country Survey FY 2020 – Turkey The World Bank Group is interested in gauging the views of clients and partners who are either involved in development in Turkey or who observe activities related to social and economic development. The following survey will give the World Bank Group’s team that works in Turkey, greater insight into how the Bank’s work is perceived. This is one tool the World Bank Group uses to assess the views of its stakeholders, and to develop more effective strategies that support development in Turkey. A local independent firm has been hired to oversee the logistics of this survey. This ensures anonymity and confidentiality. We hope you’ll be candid. Finally, the survey relates to the World Bank Group’s work. The World Bank Group consists of IBRD, IDA, IFC, MIGA, and ICSID. When responding to the survey, please consider the area of the World Bank Group with which you are most familiar. To complete the survey, please circle/check the response that most accurately reflects your opinion. If you prefer not to answer a question, please leave it blank. If you feel that you do not have an adequate amount of information on a subject, please check “Don’t know”. PLEASE NOTE: IN SOME CASES THE SURVEY WILL ASK FOR A SPECIFIC NUMBER OF RESPONSES. PLEASE DO NOT CHOOSE ANY MORE THAN REQUESTED. IF MORE RESPONSES ARE CHOSEN, DATA CANNOT BE INCLUDED IN ANALYSIS. 81 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2020: Turkey SECTION A: OVERALL CONTEXT A1. In general, would you say that Turkey is headed in ... ? 1 The right direction 2 The wrong direction 3 Not sure A2. Do you think that economic opportunity for citizens in Turkey is … ? 1 Increasing 2 Decreasing 3 Staying about the same A3. Listed below are a number of development priorities in Turkey. Please identify which of the following you consider the most important development priorities in Turkey. (Choose no more than THREE) Gender equity (closing the gap between women 1 15 Agriculture and rural development and men, and boys and girls) 2 Financial markets 16 Poverty reduction 3 Pollution 17 Disaster risk management 4 Private sector development 18 Trade and exports 5 Energy 19 Judiciary reform 6 Education 20 Crime and violence Public sector governance/reform (i.e., government Natural resource management (renewables/non- 7 effectiveness, public financial management, public 21 renewables) expenditure, fiscal system reform) 8 Global/regional integration 22 Climate change (e.g., mitigation, adaptation) 9 Job creation/employment 23 Equality of opportunity (i.e., social inclusion) 10 Health 24 Information and communications technology 11 Urban development 25 Anti-corruption Social protection (e.g., pensions, targeted social 12 26 Transport (e.g., roads, bridges, transportation) assistance) 13 Water and sanitation 27 Economic growth 14 Food security (e.g., food prices) 82 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2020: Turkey SECTION A: OVERALL CONTEXT A4. Poverty reduction is a broad term that encompasses work in many different areas. Which THREE areas of development listed below do you believe would contribute most to reducing poverty in Turkey? (Choose no more than THREE) 1 Crime and violence 14 Private sector development 2 Climate change (e.g., mitigation, adaptation) 15 Education 3 Transport (e.g., roads, bridges, transportation) 16 Global/regional integration 4 Agriculture and rural development 17 Food security (e.g., food prices) 5 Anti-corruption 18 Urban development 6 Judiciary reform 19 Energy 7 Economic growth 20 Water and sanitation 8 Disaster risk management 21 Pollution 9 Equality of opportunity (i.e., social inclusion) 22 Job creation/employment 10 Information and communications technology 23 Health Social protection (e.g., pensions, targeted social 11 24 Financial markets assistance) Public sector governance/reform (i.e., government Natural resource management (renewables/non- 12 25 effectiveness, public financial management, public renewables) expenditure, fiscal system reform) Gender equity (closing the gap between women 13 Trade and exports 26 and men, and boys and girls) A5. Please describe the direction Turkey is moving in, when considering … ? Getting Getting Staying Getting Getting much somewhat the somewhat much worse worse same better better Human development (e.g., health, education, and 1      social protection) 2 Equal opportunity for girls and boys, men and women      Growing Turkey’s economy in a way that leads to jobs 3      and employment 4 The gap between the rich and the poor      5 Making government more effective      6 Anti-corruption      7 Attracting new sources of foreign investment      A6. Listed below are global challenges. Which do you think have the most serious impact on Turkey? (Choose no more than TWO) 1 Migrants and refugees 6 Fragility in Turkey or neighboring countries 2 Jobs/employment 7 Technology based disruption 3 Trade constraints 8 Geo political uncertainty 4 Climate change 9 The gap between the rich and the poor 5 Terrorism 10 Environmental degradation 83 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2020: Turkey SECTION A: OVERALL CONTEXT A7. When economic and/or social reform efforts fail or are slow to take place in Turkey, which of the following would you attribute this to? (Choose no more than TWO) 1 Inadequate level of government accountability 2 Inadequate level of private sector participation 3 Corruption 4 Poor coordination within the government 5 Inadequate level of citizen/civil society participation 6 Inadequate level of donor coordination 7 Reforms are not well thought out in light of country challenges 8 Inadequate level of capacity in the government 9 Private sector involvement and/or influence 10 Political pressures and obstacles 11 Other (please specify): ________________________________________ A8. To what extent do you trust each of the following groups to do what is right? To no degree To a very significant Don't at all degree know 1 The national/federal government 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10  2 Bilateral organizations (e.g., DFID, JICA, GIZ, USAID) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10  3 The World Bank Group 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10  4 The International Monetary Fund 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10  5 The United Nations (UN) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10  6 Regional development banks 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10  7 Turkey’s Central Bank 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10  8 International private sector 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10  9 Domestic private sector 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10  10 International civil society (e.g., NGOs, CBOs) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10  11 Domestic civil society (e.g., NGOs, CBOs) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10  12 Faith-based institutions 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10  Domestic traditional media and their web presence (e.g., 13 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10  newspapers, TV stations, radio) 14 International media and their web presence 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10  Web based media (i.e., blogs, social media, other web- 15 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10  based news and information sources) 84 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2020: Turkey SECTION B: OVERALL ATTITUDES TOWARD THE WORLD BANK GROUP B1. How familiar are you with the work of the World Bank Group in Turkey? 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Not familiar at all Extremely familiar To what extent do you agree/disagree with the following statements about the World Bank Group’s work in Turkey? Strongly Strongly Don't disagree agree know Overall the World Bank Group currently plays a B2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10  relevant role in development in Turkey The World Bank Group’s work is aligned with what I B3 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10  consider the development priorities for Turkey B4. Overall, please rate your impression of the World Bank Group’s effectiveness in Turkey. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10  Not effective at Very effective Don't know all B5. To what extent does the World Bank Group’s work help to achieve development results in Turkey? 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10  To no degree at To a very Don't know all significant degree B6. To what extent does the World Bank Group influence the development agenda in Turkey? 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10  To no degree at To a very Don't know all significant degree B7. To what extent do you believe that the World Bank Group’s work and support help the poorest in Turkey? (Select only ONE response) 1 To a fully sufficient degree 2 To a somewhat sufficient degree 3 To a somewhat insufficient degree 4 To a very insufficient degree 5 Don’t know 85 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2020: Turkey SECTION B: OVERALL ATTITUDES TOWARD THE WORLD BANK GROUP B8. When thinking about the World Bank Group’s role in Turkey, which activity do you VALUE the most? (Choose no more than TWO) Mobilizing third party financial resources (Reimbursable Advisory Services (RAS), Facility for Refugees in Turkey 1 (FRIT)) 2 Donor coordination 3 Technical assistance 4 Policy advice, studies, analyses 5 Bringing together different groups of stakeholders 6 Capacity development related to World Bank Group supported projects 7 Financial resources 8 Data and statistics 9 Promoting knowledge sharing 10 Implementation support 11 Other (please specify): ________________________ B9. Which of the following do you identify as the World Bank Group’s greatest WEAKNESSES in its work in Turkey? (Choose no more than TWO) 1 Not aligned with country priorities 2 Not adequately sensitive to political/social realities in Turkey 3 Too influenced by developed countries 4 World Bank Group’s processes too slow and complex 5 Not adequately flexible 6 Not sufficiently focused on sustainable results 7 Not collaborating enough with civil society (e.g., NGOs, CBOs) 8 Not enough public disclosure of its work 9 Arrogant in its approach 10 Inadequate World Bank Group’s staffing in Turkey 11 Not willing to honestly criticize policies and reform efforts in the country 12 Staff too inaccessible 13 Not collaborating enough with private sector 14 Not collaborating enough with partners such as bilaterals, multilaterals, trust funds, UN 15 Other (please specify): __________________________________________________ 16 Don’t know 86 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2020: Turkey SECTION B: OVERALL ATTITUDES TOWARD THE WORLD BANK GROUP B10. When thinking about how the World Bank Group can have the most impact on development results in Turkey, which sectors do you believe the World Bank Group should prioritize with its resources (financial and knowledge services) in Turkey? (Choose no more than THREE) Natural resource management (renewables/non- 1 Education 15 renewables) Public sector governance/reform (i.e., government 2 effectiveness, public financial management, public 16 Climate change (e.g., mitigation, adaptation) expenditure, fiscal system reform) 3 Global/regional integration 17 Poverty reduction 4 Food security (e.g., food prices) 18 Anti-corruption 5 Urban development 19 Judiciary reform 6 Water and sanitation 20 Economic growth 7 Pollution 21 Disaster risk management 8 Job creation/employment 22 Equality of opportunity (i.e., social inclusion) 9 Health 23 Information and communications technology 10 Financial markets 24 Transport (e.g., roads, bridges, transportation) Social protection (e.g., pensions, targeted social 11 25 Agriculture and rural development assistance) Gender equity (closing the gap between women 12 26 Trade and exports and men, and boys and girls) 13 Private sector development 27 Crime and violence 14 Energy 87 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2020: Turkey SECTION C: WORLD BANK GROUP’S WORK AND ENGAGEMENT ON THE GROUND C1. To what extent do you believe the World Bank Group’s staff is well prepared (e.g., skills mix and knowledge) to help Turkey solve its most complicated development challenges? 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10  To no degree at To a very Don't know all significant degree To what extent is the World Bank Group an effective development partner in Turkey, in terms of each of the following? To no degree To a very significant Don't at all degree know C2 Responsiveness to needs 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10  Flexibility (in terms of the institution’s products and C3 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10  services) C4 Flexibility (in terms of changing country circumstances) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10  C5 Being inclusive 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10  C6 Openness (sharing data and other information) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10  C7 Collaboration with the Government 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10  The speed in which it gets things accomplished on the C8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10  ground Helping to bring discipline/effective supervision to C9 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10  implementation of investment projects C10 Collaboration with civil society 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10  C11 Staff accessibility 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10  Collaboration with other donors and development C12 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10  partners C13 Collaboration with the private sector 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10  C14 Straightforwardness and honesty 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10  C15 Treating clients and stakeholders in Turkey with respect 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10  C16 Being a long-term partner 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10  To what extent do you agree/disagree with the following statements? Strongly Strongly Don't disagree agree know C17 The World Bank Group disburses funds promptly 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10  The World Bank Group effectively monitors and C18 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10  evaluates the projects and programs it supports The World Bank Group’s approvals and reviews are done C19 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10  in a timely fashion The World Bank Group’s Environmental and Social C20 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10  Framework requirements are reasonable C21 The World Bank Group takes decisions quickly in Turkey 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10  Working with the World Bank Group increases Turkey’s C22 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10  institutional capacity Where country systems (e.g., procurement, financial C23 management, etc.) are adequate, the World Bank Group 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10  makes appropriate use of them 88 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2020: Turkey SECTION C: WORLD BANK GROUP’S WORK AND ENGAGEMENT ON THE GROUND To what extent do you agree/disagree with the following statements about the World Bank Group in Turkey? Strongly Strongly Don't disagree agree know The World Bank Group’s financial instruments (i.e., C24 investment lending, Development Policy Loan, Trust 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10  Funds, etc.) meet the needs of Turkey The World Bank Group meets Turkey’s needs for C25 knowledge services (e.g., research, analysis, data, 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10  technical assistance) C26. To what extent do you believe that Turkey received value for money from the World Bank Group’s Reimbursable Advisory Services (RAS)? 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10  To no degree at To a very Don't know all significant degree C27. To what extent do you believe that the donor community is doing enough to support the government’s efforts related to refugees in Turkey? 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10  To no degree at To a very Don't know all significant degree C28. In which of the following areas do you believe the World Bank Group should provide most of its resources when it comes to providing support to the refugee crisis in Turkey? (Choose no more than TWO) 1 Social cohesion 2 Public services 3 Macro issues (fiscal accounts, balance of payments, etc.) 4 Supporting poor and marginalized local communities 5 Jobs 6 Education 7 Business development 8 Infrastructure 9 Health 10 Other (please specify): ______________________________________________ 11 Don’t know 89 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2020: Turkey SECTION D: WORLD BANK GROUP’S SUPPORT IN DEVELOPMENT AREAS D1. How EFFECTIVE do you believe the World Bank Group is in terms of the work it does in the following areas of development in Turkey? (If you have NO exposure to/experience in working in any of the sectors listed below, please respond “Don’t know”) Not effective Very Don't at all effective know Social protection (e.g., pensions, targeted social 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10  assistance) Gender equity (closing the gap between women and 2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10  men, and boys and girls) 3 Private sector development 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10  Public sector governance/reform (i.e., government 4 effectiveness, public financial management, public 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10  expenditure, fiscal system reform) 5 Urban development 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10  6 Energy 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10  7 Water and sanitation 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10  8 Job creation/employment 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10  9 Health 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10  10 Transport (e.g., roads, bridges, transportation) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10  11 Agriculture and rural development 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10  12 Trade and exports 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10  Natural resource management (renewables/non- 13 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10  renewables) 14 Climate change (e.g., mitigation, adaptation) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10  15 Poverty reduction 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10  16 Economic growth 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10  17 Disaster risk management 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10  18 Equality of opportunity (i.e., social inclusion) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10  D2. From your perspective, which of the following best describes the World Bank Group’s current emphasis on investing in human capital (e.g., education, health, social protection)? 1 Increased its emphasis recently 2 Decreased its emphasis recently 3 Emphasis has remained pretty consistent over time 4 Don’t know 90 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2020: Turkey SECTION E: WORLD BANK GROUP’S KNOWLEDGE WORK AND ACTIVITIES (i.e., analysis, studies, research, data, reports, conferences) E1. How frequently do you consult World Bank Group’s knowledge work and activities in the work you do? 1 Weekly 2 Monthly 3 A few times a year 4 Rarely 5 Never In Turkey, to what extent do you believe that the World Bank Group’s knowledge work and activities: To no degree To a very significant Don't at all degree know E2 Are timely 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10  Include appropriate level of stakeholder involvement E3 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10  during preparation E4 Lead to practical solutions 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10  Are source of relevant information on global good E5 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10  practices E6 Are adequately disseminated 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10  E7 Are translated enough into local language 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10  Are adaptable to Turkey’s specific development E8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10  challenges and country circumstances E9. Overall, how significant a contribution do you believe the World Bank Group's knowledge work and activities make to development results in your country? 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10  Not significant at all Very significant Don't know E10. Overall, how would you rate the technical quality of the World Bank Group's knowledge work and activities? 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10  Very low technical Very high technical Don't know quality quality 91 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2020: Turkey SECTION F: THE FUTURE ROLE OF THE WORLD BANK GROUP IN TURKEY F1. Which of the following SHOULD the World Bank Group do to make itself of greater value in Turkey? (Choose no more than TWO) 1 Ensure greater selectivity in its work 2 Increase the level of capacity development in the country 3 Improve the quality of its experts as related to Turkey’s specific challenges 4 Engage more effectively with private sector 5 Offer more innovative knowledge products and services 6 Collaborate more effectively with Government clients (e.g., national, state, local) 7 Work faster 8 Reduce the complexity of obtaining World Bank Group financing 9 Increase availability of Reimbursable Advisory Services (RAS) 10 Help to bring discipline/effective supervision to implementation of World Bank Group projects 11 Offer more innovative financial products and services 12 Other (please specify): ______________________________________________ F2. In addition to the regular relations with the national government, which TWO of the following groups should the World Bank Group collaborate with more in your country? (Choose no more than TWO) 1 Beneficiaries 6 Academia/think tanks/research institutes 2 Private sector 7 Media 3 Local government 8 Other (please specify): _____________________ 4 Donor community 5 Parliament 9 Don’t know 92 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2020: Turkey SECTION G: COMMUNICATION AND INFORMATION SHARING G1. How frequently do you interact with the World Bank Group now in Turkey? 1 Never 2 Less than once a year 3 Once a year to a few times a year 4 Less than once a month 5 At least once a month 6 At least once a week G2. How do you get most of your information about economic and social development issues in Turkey? (Choose no more than TWO) 1 Local newspapers 5 Internet 2 International newspapers Social media (e.g., blogs, Facebook, Twitter, 6 3 Local television YouTube, Flickr) 4 International television 7 Other (please specify): ____________________ G3. How would you prefer to receive information from the World Bank Group? (Choose no more than TWO) World Bank Group’s publications and other Direct contact with World Bank Group (i.e., face to 1 5 written materials face meetings/discussions) Social media (e.g., blogs, Facebook, Twitter, 2 e-Newsletters 6 YouTube, Flickr) World Bank Group’s 3 Webinars or online events hosted by the World Bank seminars/workshops/conferences 7 Group 4 World Bank Group’s website G4. Over the past SIX MONTHS, on average how often did you do any of the following related to the World Bank Group (WBG)? Every few Every few Every few Not days weeks months at all Read, viewed or heard a story about the WBG in local media 1     (newspaper, magazine, TV, radio) Read, viewed or heard a story about the WBG in global media 2     (newspaper, magazine, TV, radio) Interacted with the WBG on Social Media (e.g., read a post or 3     tweet, liked, commented, shared, retweeted) 4 Visited a WBG website (e.g., read a blog, used data)     5 Attended an event/conference hosted by the WBG     6 Watched a webinar or online event hosted by the WBG     7 Read some or all of a WBG research paper or publication     8 Met professionally with WBG staff     9 Read a WBG e-newsletter     93 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2020: Turkey SECTION H: BACKGROUND INFORMATION H1. Which of the following best describes your current affiliation? (Select only ONE response) 1 Office of the President, Prime Minister 12 Public-Private Partnership 2 Office of Minister 13 Private Sector Organization 3 Office of Parliamentarian 14 Financial Sector/Private Bank Employee of Ministry, Ministerial Department, Private Foundation (e.g., Bill & Melinda Gates 4 15 Implementation Agency Foundation, Rockefeller Foundation) Project Management Unit (PMU) overseeing implementation of WBG project/ 5 16 NGO/Community Based Organization Consultant/Contractor working on WBG supported project/program 6 Local Government Office or Staff 17 Trade Union Independent Government Institution (i.e., regulatory 7 18 Faith-Based Group agency, central bank/oversight institution) 8 Judicial System (e.g., courts) 19 Youth Group 9 State-Owned Enterprise 20 Academia/Research Institute/Think Tank 10 Bilateral Agency (e.g., embassy, diplomatic, military) 21 Media (press, radio, TV, web, etc.) Multilateral Agency (e.g., UN, regional development 11 22 Other (please specify): ______________________ bank) H2. Please identify the primary specialization of your work. (Select only ONE response) 1 Poverty 13 Agriculture, rural development 2 Macroeconomics, fiscal management 14 Urban development 3 Governance, anti-corruption 15 Transport 4 Education 16 Digital development and technology (ICT) 5 Health, nutrition 17 Tourism 6 Social protection 18 Fragility, conflict, violence, refugees 7 Jobs 19 Demographics, migration 8 Energy 20 Trade and competitiveness 9 Environment, natural resources 21 Finance and markets 10 Climate change 22 Communications, public affairs 11 Water, sanitation 23 Generalist (specialized in multiple sectors) 12 Gender 24 Other (please specify): ____________________ H3. Currently, do you professionally collaborate/work with the World Bank Group (IBRD, IFC, MIGA, ICSID) in your country? 1 Yes 2 No H4. If yes, which of the following agencies of the World Bank Group do you primarily collaborate/work with in Turkey? (Select only ONE response) 1 The World Bank (IBRD) 2 The International Finance Corporation (IFC) 3 The Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency (MIGA) 4 International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes (ICSID) 94 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2020: Turkey SECTION H: BACKGROUND INFORMATION H5. Do your projects involve both the World Bank and the IFC? 1 Yes 2 No H6. Which of the following describes most of your exposure to the World Bank Group in Turkey? (Choose no more than TWO) 1 Observer (i.e., follow in media, discuss in informal conversations, etc.) 2 Use World Bank Group reports/data 3 Engage in World Bank Group related/sponsored events/activities 4 Collaborate as part of my professional duties 5 Use World Bank Group website for information, data, research, etc. H7. What’s your gender? 1 Female 2 Male H8. What’s your age? 1 25 and under 2 26-35 3 36-45 4 46-55 5 56 and above H9. Which best represents your geographic location? 1 Ankara 2 Istanbul 3 Other area 4 Outside the country Thank you for completing the survey! 95