FY 2023 Cabo Verde Country Opinion Survey Report ECR Business Intelligence Team | January 2024 Acknowledgements Cabo Verde Country Opinion Survey is part of the County Opinion Survey Program series of the World Bank Group. This report was prepared by the Business Intelligence (BI) team, led by José De Buerba (Senior External Affairs Officer) and Svetlana Markova (Senior External Affairs Officer). Yulia Danilina, Jessica Cameron, Nan Lin, and Sofya Gubaydullina oversaw the design, reporting, and analysis of the survey results. Noreen Wambui and Irina Popova provided data support. BI acknowledges the significant contribution from the Cabo Verde country team. In particular, BI is grateful for the support from Antonio Manuel Baptista (Senior Private Sector Specialist), Marco Antonio Medina Silva (Consultant), and Amy Chamberlain (Consultant) who coordinated the survey-related activities from Praia, Cabo Verde. Contents Objectives Methodology Overview Overall Context Overall Attitudes Toward the World Bank Group World Bank Group’s Support in Development Areas World Bank Group’s Work and Engagement on the Ground Communication and Outreach Sample Demographics and Detailed Methodology 3 Objectives This survey was designed to assist the World Bank Group (WBG) in gaining a better understanding of how stakeholders in Cabo Verde perceive the WBG. The survey explored the following questions: 1. Overall Context: How familiar are they with the WBG? How much do they trust the WBG? 2. Key Indicators: What opinion do key stakeholders have of the WBG when it comes to its effectiveness, relevance, alignment with Cabo Verde’s development priorities, and other key indicators? Are opinions improving or declining? 3. Development Priorities: What areas of development are perceived to be the most important? Have the priorities changed over the past three years? How effective is the WBG perceived to be in these areas? 4. Engagement and Work on the Ground: How is the WBG perceived as a development partner? Are opinions improving or declining? 5. Communication and Outreach: What are the preferred communication channels and which channels are reported to be used the most? Are there differences among stakeholder groups in terms of preferred channels? 6. Message Recall: What key topics that the WBG communicates do stakeholders recall? Is there a relationship between message recall and views of the WBG’s work? 4 Methodology Overview Government Institution 26% ▪ Fielded May 2023 through August 2023 ▪ 266 potential participants were invited to complete a mostly quantitative survey Private Sector 15% ▪ Respondents completed the questionnaires online ▪ The list of names was provided by the WBG country team Media 13% ▪ Process managed on the ground by an independent fielding consultant ▪ The online survey platform was monitored and managed by the COS team Bilateral / Multilateral Agency 11% ▪ 84 participants (32% response rate) ▪ 30% currently collaborate with the WBG Office of the President / Prime Minister 10% / Minister ▪ Compared to FY20 Country Survey ▪ 141 participants (42% response rate) Civil Society Organization 10% ▪ Respondents completed the questionnaire face to face with a representative, received the questionnaire via email, and returned it accordingly, or they filled out the online questionnaire. Academia/Research Institute/Think 10% ▪ 26% collaborated with the WBG Tank Click here for details of the Sample Demographics and Methodology Local Government 6% Q Which of the following best describes your current affiliation? (Select only 1 response) (Percentage of Respondents, N=84) 5 6 Overall Context Familiarity with the World Bank Varied Across Stakeholder Groups ▪ Year comparison: Respondents in this year’s Country Survey reported statistically similar levels of familiarity with the WBG as in FY20: All Respondents 6.3 Mean familiarity: FY23 = 6.3 FY20 = 6.8 ▪ Collaboration with the WBG: Respondents who collaborate Government organizations 7.2 with the WBG reported significantly higher levels of familiarity with the institution’s work: Mean familiarity: Collaborate with WBG = 7.6 Do not collaborate = 5.8 Non-government 5.7 organizations ▪ Stakeholder Analysis: Respondents from the Office of the President / Prime Minister / Minister reported the highest 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 levels of familiarity (mean = 7.9), whereas civil society Mean Rating of Familiarity respondents indicated significantly lower levels of familiarity (mean = 3.4). Note: Government Organizations included respondents from the Office of the President, Prime Minister, Minister, government institutions, and local government offices. Non-government Organizations included respondents from Bilateral or Multilateral Agencies, civil society organizations, the private sector, and academia. No respondents were from Office of a Parliamentarian How familiar are you with the work of the World Bank Group in Cabo Verde? (National Assembly, Legislative body) Scale: 1 Not familiar at all – 10 Extremely familiar (N=84) 7 Q Significantly different between stakeholder groups The World Bank is Among Top Bilateral and international 8.5 organizations* 7.7 Trusted Institutions in Cabo 8.5 Verde The United Nations (UN)* 7.5 While bilateral and international organizations, along with the 8.3 UN were considered the most trusted institutions in Cabo The World Bank Group* 7.3 Verde, the WBG followed closely. Stakeholders reported significantly lower levels of trust in the domestic civil society, 8.0 Cabo Verde’s Central Bank* 7.3 domestic private sector, and domestic media. 7.8 ▪ Of note, ratings of trust for all institutions were significantly The International Monetary Fund* 6.8 higher in FY23 than in the FY20 survey, except for the FY23 national government. 7.8 Regional development banks* FY20 6.3 7.5 The national government 7.1 7.1 Domestic civil society* 6.4 7.0 Domestic private sector* 6.4 6.5 Domestic media* 5.9 To what extent do you trust each of the following groups to do what is right? 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Q Scale: 1 To no degree at all – 10 To a very significant degree (FY23 N=~81; FY20 N = ~130) Mean Rating of Trust 8 *Significantly different between years 9 Overall Attitudes toward the World Bank Group Key Performance Indicators Improved Compared to FY20 8.3 In FY23, there was not only an increase in the trust Relevance* 7.7 levels towards the WBG, but stakeholders also perceived a significant improvement in the WBG’s relevance to the country’s needs over the past three 8.3 years. Ratings of the WBG’s alignment with the Trust* 7.3 development priorities in Cabo Verde have also increased significantly compared to FY20. Influences the development 8.2 agenda 7.8 7.9 Helps end extreme poverty The WBG currently plays a relevant role in the development of Cabo Verde. Q Scale: 1 Strongly disagree – 10 Strongly agree Alignment with development 7.8 FY23 To what extent do you trust the WBG to do what is right? Scale: 1 To no degree at all – 10 To a very significant degree priorities* 7.3 FY20 To what extent does the WBG influence the development agenda in Cabo Verde? Scale: 1 To no degree at all – 10 To a very significant degree The World Bank Group’s work helps end extreme poverty in Cabo Verde. Scale: 1 Strongly disagree – 10 Strongly agree Effectiveness in achieving 7.4 The WBG’s work is aligned with what I consider the development priorities for Cabo results^ Verde. Scale: 1 Strongly disagree – 10 Strongly agree 7.4 How effective has the WBG been in achieving development results in Cabo Verde? Scale: 1 Not effective at all – 10 Very effective 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 ^Compared to a mean score of the two questions asked in FY20: "Overall, please rate *Significantly different your impression of the WBG’s effectiveness in Cabo Verde. Mean Rating between years Scale: 1 Not effective at all – 10 Very effective; To what extent does the WBG’s work help to achieve development results in Cabo Verde? Scale: 1 To no degree at all – 10 To a very significant degree 10 Government Stakeholders Reported More Positive Perceptions of WBG’s Key Performance 9.1 Relevance* 7.7 Respondents from government institutions reported significantly higher levels of trust in the WBG and had significantly higher ratings of the WBG’s relevance, its 9.1 Trust* alignment with the development priorities, and 7.7 effectiveness in achieving results on the ground. In contrast, respondents from non-government organizations gave significantly lower ratings. Helps end extreme 8.8 poverty* 7.2 Alignment with the 8.7 development priorities* 7.3 Government The WBG currently plays a relevant role in the development of Cabo Verde Organizations Q Scale: 1 Strongly disagree – 10 Strongly agree Influences the 8.6 Non- To what extent do you trust the WBG to do what is right? development Scale: 1 To no degree at all – 10 To a very significant degree agenda 7.9 government The World Bank Group’s work helps end extreme poverty in Cabo Verde. Organizations Scale: 1 Strongly disagree – 10 Strongly agree The WBG’s work is aligned with what I consider the development priorities for Cabo Verde. Scale: 1 Strongly disagree – 10 Strongly agree Effectiveness in 8.3 *Significantly different To what extent does the WBG influence the development agenda in Cabo Verde? between stakeholder Scale: 1 To no degree at all – 10 To a very significant degree achieving results* 6.8 groups How effective has the WBG been in achieving development results in Cabo Verde? Scale: 1 Not effective at all – 10 Very effective 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Mean Rating 11 Overall Ratings for Indicator Questions Mean Rating 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Year comparison: Respondents in this year’s Country Survey reported significantly higher aggregated mean Collaboration with the national/federal 8.3 government 7.7 ratings for the indicator questions compared to FY20: Mean overall ratings: FY23 = 7.6 The WBG currently plays a relevant role in 8.3 development in Cabo Verde.* 7.3 FY20 = 7.1 To what extent do you trust the WBG to do 8.2 what is right?* 7.8 Collaboration with the WBG: Respondents who To what extent does the WBG influence the 7.8 collaborate with the WBG gave significantly higher development agenda in Cabo Verde? 7.3 ratings across the aggregated indicator questions The WBG’s work is well aligned with 7.7 compared to respondents who do not collaborate with development priorities for Cabo Verde.* 6.9 the WBG. 7.6 Responsiveness to needs* Mean rating: Collaborate with WBG = 8.4 7.7 How significant the WBG's knowledge work Do not collaborate = 7.3 7.4 contribute to development results in Cabo 7.4 Verde? How effective has the WBG been in achieving 7.3 Stakeholder analysis: Respondents from government development results in Cabo Verde? 5.9 organizations (mean = 8.3) had significantly higher 7.0 mean ratings of the aggregated responses to the Access to WBG staff and experts* 7.1 twelve COS indicator questions compared to respondents from non-government organizations Collaboration with other donors and 6.5 development partners 6.4 FY23 (mean = 7.1). FY20 6.4 Collaboration with private sector 5.6 *Significantly different between years Mean Ratings for the twelve COS Indicator Questions by Stakeholder Groups on a Scale from 1 to 10. Q These selected indicators are listed at the end of this report. 12 13 World Bank’s Support in Development Areas Development Areas for WBG Focus Transport, health, water supply and Significant increase in priority Transport 59% sanitation infrastructure were identified compared to FY20 Health 57% as the top areas where stakeholders would Water supply and sanitation infrastructure 54% like the WBG to focus its resources. In The top priority Energy 38% Significant increase addition, the percentages of respondents for non- in priority compared Agriculture and food security 33% emphasizing the importance of WBG government to FY20 organizations Education 29% support in these top sectors have increased respondents Private sector development 25% significantly compared to FY20 (FY20 = (67%) in FY23. 21%, 13%, and 19%, respectively). Digital development^ 24% Crime and violence 24% Social inclusion 19% Of note, the percentages of stakeholders emphasizing energy, agriculture, and Climate change 18% 6% in FY20 climate change as key priorities have also Job creation / employment 18% #1 priority increased substantially, rising from 7%, Gender equity 15% in FY20 15%, and 6%, respectively, in FY20. Public sector governance 14% Tourism development 13% Macroeconomic stability 11% Debt sustainability 11% Social protection 8% Regional integration 8% Urban development 5% Other 4% Environment / Natural resource management 3% Trade 1% Disaster risk management 1% ^ compared to “Information and communications technology” in FY20 Which areas should the WBG prioritize in its work in Cabo Verde to have the most impact on development results in the country? (Choose no more than 5) 14 Q (Percentage of Respondents, N=79) Effectiveness of WBG’s Finance / Institutions / Economic Growth Macroeconomic stability 8.3 Support in Sectoral Areas Debt sustainability 7.8 The WBG’s work in health received the highest ratings of effectiveness across 7.7 Public sector governance sectoral areas in Cabo Verde. Ratings of the WBG’s work in several sectors 7.5 significantly increased this year compared to FY20. Poverty reduction 7.6 7.1 Job creation / employment 7.0 6.7 FY23 8.5 Human Development Health 7.0 FY20 Private sector development 6.8 8.2 Social protection* 7.0 Trade 6.9 6.2 7.8 6.6 Gender equity* 7.1 Regional integration 6.6 7.6 Judiciary reform 6.3 Social Inclusion* 6.7 6.1 FY23 7.1 Crime and violence 5.9 Education 7.1 FY20 6.3 7.9 Environmental Sustainability Infrastructure Transport 7.3 7.4 Energy 7.7 Climate change 7.3 6.9 7.7 Digital Development^ 7.3 7.3 Disaster risk management FY23 6.8 7.5 FY23 FY20 Water supply and sanitation infrastructure FY20 Environment / Natural 7.3 7.4 *Significantly different Urban development* 6.2 resource management 7.0 between years 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Mean Rating of Effectiveness Mean Rating of Effectiveness How effective do you believe the WBG is in terms of the work it does in the following areas of development in Cabo Verde? Scale: 1 Not effective at all – 10 Very effective (If you have NO exposure Q to/experience in working in any of the sectors listed below, please respond “Don’t know”) ^ compared to “Information and communications technology” in FY20. 15 16 World Bank Group’s Work and Engagement on the Ground Perceptions of WBG Responsiveness and Accessibility Improved In FY23, respondents reported significantly more positive 7.7 perceptions of the WBG’s responsiveness to country Responsiveness to needs* needs and accessibility of WBG staff and experts than in FY20. 6.9 ▪ Respondents from government organizations gave FY23 significantly higher ratings for the WBG’s responsiveness FY20 to needs and accessibility to WBG staff (mean = 8.6 and 7.3 Access to WBG staff and 8.0) compared to non-government organizations experts* respondents (mean = 7.1 and 6.8). 5.9 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Mean Rating To what extent is the WBG an effective development partner in Cabo Verde, in terms of each of the following? Q Scale: 1 To no degree at all – 10 To a very significant degree *Significantly different between years 17 The WBG is Seen as Effective Development Partner 8.3 The national government The WBG’s collaboration with the national 8.0 government received the highest ratings from respondents, consistent with FY20. 7.0 In FY23, respondents perceived the WBG as Local government collaborating significantly more effectively with civil society than in FY20. 7.0 Other donors and development partners FY23 7.1 FY20 6.5 Private sector 6.4 6.4 Civil society* 5.6 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Mean Rating To what extent is the WBG an effective development partner in Cabo Verde, in terms of collaborating with the Q following groups? Scale: 1 To no degree at all – 10 To a very significant degree 18 *Significantly different between years Stakeholders Want the Bank to Collaborate More with the Domestic Private Sector Domestic private sector 65% Respondents in this year’s survey indicated that The national government 62% the WBG should collaborate more with the domestic private sector and the national Local government 48% government. Civil society 28% Stakeholders also prioritize increased collaboration with the local government (48% in Academia/think tanks/research 27% institutions FY23 compared to 25% in FY20). Youth organizations 15% Other donors, bilateral organizations, 15% and development partners Domestic media 13% Central Bank of Cabo Verde 8% Regional development banks 8% Cabo Verde diaspora 8% National Assembly 1% Which THREE of the following groups should the WBG collaborate with more in Cabo Verde? (Choose no more than 3) Q (Percentage of Respondents, N=79) 19 20 Communication and Outreach Nearly 9 in 10 Respondents Engaged with the WBG in the Last 30 Days 86% of respondents recalled hearing or seeing something about the WBG in the last 30 days. About two-thirds of respondents reported obtaining this information through newspapers and television. Among respondents who selected “Social media”, the most used platform was Facebook. Newspapers (Print or online) 66% Television (TV) 65% Radio 43% Direct contact with WBG staff 43% Event / conference / seminar (in 89% 40% person or online) Social media 40% WBG Website 18% Direct messaging 15% 30% e-Newsletters 13% 11% 11% 7% Other 4% Facebook LinkedIn Instagram X (Twitter) WhatsApp Blogs 1% Podcasts 1% Do you recall seeing or hearing anything about the WBG in the last 30 days? (N=79) Q Where do you recall seeing or hearing this information? (Check all that apply) (Percentage of Respondents, N=68) 21 What social media platforms do you recall seeing this information on? (Check all that apply) (Percentage of Respondents, N=27) The WBG’s Global Economic Forecasts were Most Commonly Recalled by Stakeholders Respondents most frequently recalled seeing/hearing information about the WBG’s global economic forecasts and its work to help alleviate the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic and debt relief, followed by the WBG’s work and research related to climate change and human capital. The World Bank Group’s… global economic forecasts 52% work to help alleviate the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic 46% work to provide debt relief for developing countries 43% work or research on climate change (mitigation, adaptation, financing) 37% work to strengthen human capital through improving health care, 37% nutrition, education, jobs, and skills work or research on energy (increasing energy supply, reducing 31% dependence of fossil fuels) work or research on food insecurity 22% work to improve gender equity and empower women and girls 22% work to create more and better jobs 18% work or research on rebuilding trust between citizens and the state to 12% create a new social contract in Cabo Verde Other 12% 22 Q What topics were included in what you saw or heard? (Check all that apply) (Percentage of Respondents, N=67) Climate Change Communications can be More Impactful when Related to Stakeholders’ Top Concerns Approximately half of respondents were very concerned about more frequent and severe droughts / heatwaves when it comes to the potential impacts of climate change in Cabo Verde. They were also very concerned about diminished water supply and decreased crop yields / food insecurity. These key areas of concern should be taken into consideration to make communications about climate change more impactful in Cabo Verde. Not at all A little Somewhat concerned Very concerned More frequent and severe droughts / heatwaves 46% Diminished water supply for people and the economy 45% Decreased crop yields/food insecurity 43% Unsafe drinking water 38% Loss of jobs 35% Effects on public health 33% Increase in natural disasters (for example, cyclones or sea-level surges) 30% Land and forest degradation 29% Increase erosion of shoreline 25% Climate-driven migration 24% Extinction of plant/animal species 23% Air pollution 21% More frequent and severe floods 21% Forest fires 18% Q What is your level of concern for each of the potential impacts of climate change as it affects your country? (Percentage of Respondents, N = 80) 23 Message Recall In terms of the WBG’s key messages, respondents reported the highest levels of agreement with the statement that the WBG is working with government, private sector, and other partners to support critical facilities during the COVID-19 pandemic. The World Bank Group… is working with governments, the private sector, and other partners to support critical facilities during the COVID-19 pandemic 7.9 is committed to comprehensive debt solutions that bring real benefits to people in poor countries. 7.7 supports countries to ensure transition to more diversified and cleaner sources of energy 7.6 helps strengthen human capital inCabo Verde through improving health care, nutrition, education, jobs, and skills. 7.6 helpsCabo Verde boost climate resilience and mitigate the effects of climate challenges. 7.5 helps address the current food crisis and enables greater preparedness to future food security crises 7.1 helps improve gender equity and empower women and girls in Cabo Verde. 7.1 helps create more and better jobs in Cabo Verde. 7.0 helpsCabo Verde rebuild trust between citizens and the state to create a new social contract. 6.8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Mean Rating Q To what extent do you agree with the following statements: Scale: 1 To no degree at all – 10 To a very significant degree 24 25 Sample Demographics and Detailed Methodology Sample Demographics Which of the following best describes your current affiliation? (N=84) Government Institution 26% Private Sector 15% Media 13% Bilateral / Multilateral Agency 11% Office of the President / Prime Minister / Minister 10% Civil Society Organization 10% Academia 10% Local Government Office 6% Office of a Parliamentarian (National Assembly, 0% Legislative body) Other 0% 26 Sample Demographics Yes Currently, do you 30% professionally What’s your gender? collaborate/ work (N=84) with the WBG in your country? (N=84) No 70% Female 36% Male 64% Which of the World Bank 92% following agencies (IDA) of the WBG do you primarily collaborate/work with in Cabo Verde? IFC 8% (N=25) 27 Detailed Methodology Percentage of Respondents FY 2020 FY 2023 From May 2023 to August 2023, a total of 266 stakeholders of the WBG in Cabo Verde were invited to provide their opinions about the WBG’s work in the country by participating in a Country Opinion Survey Government Principals: Office of the (COS). Participants were drawn from the Office of the President, Prime Minister, Minister, Office of a President, Prime Minister, Minister; Office of 12% 10% a Parliamentarian (National Assembly, Parliamentarian (National Assembly, Legislative body), Government Institutions, Local Governments, Legislative body) Bilateral/ Multilateral Agencies, Private Sector, Civil Society, Academia, and the Media. Government Institutions: Employee A total of 84 stakeholders participated in the survey (32% response rate). Respondents completed the of a Ministry, Department, Project Implementation Unit, Independent 27% 26% questionnaire via an online platform. Government Institution, Judiciary, State-Owned Enterprise The results of this year’s survey were compared to the FY20 COS Survey with a response rate of 42% (N=141). Local Government 3% 6% Comparing responses across Country Surveys reflects changes in attitudes over time, but also changes in Bilateral/Multilateral Agency: Embassy, Development Organization, Development 11% 11% respondent samples, changes in methodology, and changes to the survey instrument itself. To reduce the Bank, UN Agency influence of the latter factor, only those questions with similar response scales/options were analyzed. Additionally, this year, the COS project utilized the Pulse Survey format, which is a shorter version Civil Society: NGOs, Community-Based conducted online by the COS team. The list of respondents was identified and provided solely by the Organization, Private Foundation, 8% 10% Professional / Trade Association, country team, which indicates a shift in the stakeholder composition compared to FY20. In the previous Faith-Based Group, Youth Group survey, up to 20% of the respondents were provided by a local fielding agency. These differences in stakeholder composition between the two years should be taken into consideration when interpreting the Private Sector: Private Company, Financial 11% 15% results of the past-year comparison analyses. Sector Organization, Private Bank Key statistically significant findings (tested at the research standard of p < .05) are noted throughout the Academia/Research Institute/Think Tank 15% 10% report. Media 5% 13% Breakdowns for individual questions by stakeholder group can be found in the “Cabo Verde COS FY23 Appendices with data breakdowns.xlsx” file published in the WBG Microdata Library, along with the survey Other 8% 0% microdata and this report. Total Number of Respondents 135 84 28 Indicator Questions A1_3. To what extent do you trust the World Bank Group to do what is right? Scale: 1-10 (1: To no degree at all – 10: To a very significant degree) A2. How effective has the World Bank Group been in achieving development results in Cabo Verde? A3. The World Bank Group currently plays a relevant role in development in Cabo Verde, Scale: 1-10 (1: Strongly disagree – 10: Strongly agree) A4. The World Bank Group’s work is aligned with what I consider the development priorities for Cabo Verde, Scale: 1-10 (1: Strongly disagree – 10: Strongly agree) A6. To what extent does the World Bank Group influence the development agenda in Cabo Verde? Scale: 1-10 (1: To no degree at all– 10: To a very significant degree) A7. How significant a contribution do you believe the World Bank Group's knowledge work and activities make to development results in your country? Scale: 1-10 (1: Not significant at all – 10: Very significant) To what extent is the World Bank Group an effective development partner in Cabo Verde, in terms of each of the following? – Scale: 1-10 (1: To no degree at all – 10: To a very significant degree) B1. Responsiveness to needs, B2. Access to WBG staff and experts, To what extent is the WBG an effective development partner in Cabo Verde, in terms of collaborating with the following groups: – Scale: 1-10 (1: To no degree at all – 10: To a very significant degree) B3. Collaboration with the national government B4.Collaboration with the private sector B5.Collaboration with civil society B6. Collaboration with other donor and development partners Note: Corporate Score Cabo Verde questions are highlighted in RED 29 Thank you For more information about this report or the Country Opinion Survey program, please contact: countrysurveys@worldbankgroup.org