NEDI NORTH AND NORTHEASTERN DEVELOPMENT INITIATIVE Boosting Shared Prosperity for the North and Northeastern Counties of Kenya REPUBLIC OF KENYA North and Northeastern Development Initiative Counties b NEDI - Boosting Shared Prosperity for the North and Northeastern Counties of Kenya NEDI NORTH AND NORTHEASTERN DEVELOPMENT INITIATIVE CONTENTS Introduction Transforming Health Systems for Financing Locally-Led Climate -2 Universal Care Project Action Program - 20 - 34 Kenya Off-Grid Solar Access Project for Underserved Counties Kenya Secondary Education Quality Primary Education Equity in -8 Improvement Project Learning Programs - 22 - 36 Kenya Climate-Smart Agriculture Project Kenya Urban Support Program De-risking, Inclusion, and - 10 - 24 value enhancement of pastoral economies in the Horn of Africa Water and Sanitation Development Kenya Social and Economic - 38 Project Inclusion Project - 12 - 26 The Kenya Accountable Devolution Program III Kenya Development Response for National Agricultural and Rural - 40 Displacement Impacts Project Inclusive Growth Project - 14 - 28 The Frontier Counties Development Council Horn of Africa Gateway Emergency Locust Response - 42 Development Project Program - 16 - 30 An Oasis of Hope: Water pans provide water to Kenya’s Wajir Eastern Africa Regional Transport Horn of Africa Ground Water for County and Trade Development and Resilience Project (Kenya) - 43 Facilitation Program - 32 - 18 NEDI Projects Mapping per County - 45 NEDI - Boosting Shared Prosperity for the North and Northeastern Counties of Kenya 1 INTRODUCTION Kenya’s north and northeastern region is a host to 11% of the total North and Northeastern Development Initiative population scattered across 63% of the country’s landmass. The arid and semi-arid region experiences recurrent droughts that To address the socio-economic disparities and inequality create vulnerabilities for the nomadic pastoralist communities, challenges, the Government of Kenya with support from World pervasive insecurity, suffers fragility, and has been a host to the Bank (WB) launched the North and Northeastern Development largest population of refugees in sub-Saharan Africa over the last Initiative (NEDI) in 2018. The NEDI, the region’s first significant, three decades. integrated, and transformative investment, cuts across foundational sectors including energy, water, transport, social Garissa, Isiolo, Lamu, Mandera, Marsabit, Samburu, Tana River, protection, displacement, and agriculture. The initiative consists Turkana, Wajir, and West Pokot are the 10 Counties that make up of six backbone projects worth over US$1 billion for NEDI Counties Kenya’s north and northeastern region, which has been historically only and these are at different phases of implementation. The underserved. At independence, Kenya adopted a development Counties are also benefiting from other nationwide and regional policy that divided the country into high potential and low projects funded by the World Bank, injecting an additional US$1 potential areas. Consequently, investments in social, economic, and billion into the initiative, totaling US$2 billion investment in the infrastructure focused on other agricultural areas considered to NEDI. have high economic returns and with the hope that the benefits could trickle down to arid and semi-arid areas. The National and the 10-County Governments are responsible for the implementation of this multisectoral program. The Frontier These policy choices contributed to the significant lag in most of Counties Development Council (FCDC), the region’s economic the development indicators for this region compared to the rest of block for the 10 NEDI Counties, coordinates stakeholders and the country. The region has huge infrastructure deficits, low literacy provides another level of oversight. rates, and contributes only a modest 4.7% to the National Gross Domestic Product. The NEDI is the first significant investment in the fragile North and Northeastern Ali Roba, region. NEDI has enabled the region to leapfrog out of a state of marginalization former Governor of Mandera County faster than it would have without this massive intervention by the Government and then Chair of the Frontier Counties and the World Bank.” Development Council (2021). 2 NEDI - Boosting Shared Prosperity for the North and Northeastern Counties of Kenya NEDI Demographic and Social Economic Statistics Primary school Secondary school Proportion of births delivered Access to attendance attendance by a skilled attendant ** safe water** NEDI NEDI NEDI NEDI 60% 27% 52% 53% Non-NEDI Non-NEDI Non-NEDI Non-NEDI 89% 48% 87% 77% National National National National 84% 45% 84% 77% Improved Average Age Population ** Area (Sq. km) ** sanitation (Years) ** NEDI NEDI NEDI NEDI 46% 19.4 5,536,267 366,369 Non-NEDI Non-NEDI Non-NEDI Non-NEDI 88% 24.4 42,028,029 214,508 National National National National 88% 23.8 47,564,296 580,877 Source: 2019 Kenya Continuous Household Survey ** 2019 Kenya Population and Housing Census NEDI - Boosting Shared Prosperity for the North and Northeastern Counties of Kenya 3 BACKBONE WORLD BANK FUNDED PROJECTS IN NEDI COUNTIES WB Financing NEDI Share Sub-Total Backbone NEDI BACKBONE PROJECTS (USD /Million) USD /Million NEDI Kenya Off-Grid Solar Access Project for 1 Underserved Counties 153.7 150 2 Kenya Climate-Smart Agriculture Project Water and Sanitation Development 250 55 ~ $1 3 Project 300 67 Kenya Development Response for 4 Displacement Impacts Project 108.18 94.6 Billion Horn of Africa Gateway Development 5 Project 750 640 6 The Kenya National Safety Net Program CLOSED 4 NEDI - Boosting Shared Prosperity for the North and Northeastern Counties of Kenya WB Financing NEDI Share Total Other WB National OTHER NATIONAL AND REGIONAL PROJECTS (USD /Million) USD /Million and Regional Projects Eastern Africa Regional Transport and Trade 1 500 462 Development and Facilitation Program Transforming Health Systems for Universal Care 2 191.10 28 Project Kenya Secondary Education Quality Improvement 3 200 54 Project ~ 4 Kenya Urban Support Program 300 38 5 Kenya Social and Economic Inclusion Project 320 73 National Agricultural and Rural Inclusive Growth 6 200 14 Project 7 8 9 Emergency Locust Response Program Horn of Africa Ground Water for Resilience Project (Kenya) Financing Locally - Led Climate Action Program 78 135 150 35 117 39 $1 Billion 10 Primary Education Equity in Learning Programs 200 60 De-risking, Inclusion, and value enhancement of 11 140 90 pastoral economies in the Horn of Africa Kenya Accountable Devolution Program (KADP) III 12 25 5 (Multi-Donor Trust Fund) Total World Bank Investment in NEDI = $ 2 Billion NEDI - Boosting Shared Prosperity for the North and Northeastern Counties of Kenya 5 Results so far NEDI investment has improved the capacities of devolved units and d. Upgrade of the South Sudan Link Road corridor to bitumen the Frontier Counties Development Council (FCDC) - the region’s standards has improved transportation of people, goods and socio-economic bloc, facilitated access to basic services, improved services, regional trade, and reduced travel time by nearly 70%. cross-border trade, and improved resilience to climate shocks. e. About 600km new high-capacity fiber optic cable has been installed and 500km of the existing cable rehabilitated along the The NEDI has registered results despite a 2-year disruption by the South Sudan Link Road corridor contributing to a 50% reduction COVID-19 pandemic. Some of these are in internet costs and connecting 200 public institutions. a. Legal and policy framework, planning and budgeting, f. Over 500,000 beneficiaries access new or improved renewable monitoring and evaluation, public financial management, human energy. resource management, and citizen participation for the devolved g. Improved shock responsiveness of safety net systems has governments have improved significantly, while the FCDC has benefited over 100,000 vulnerable households. enhanced its convening, coordination, and its catalytic role has h. NEDI projects (such as KDRDIP, KSCAP) have improved access attracted other development partners. to water for both humans and livestock. b. 230,000 beneficiaries have adopted climate smart agriculture, i. 4000 hectares of land have been sustainably conserved in increasing resilience, productivity and economic opportunities refugee and host community areas. and incomes for 50,000 refugees and host communities have increased. The WBG will continue to invest in NEDI in line with the Kenya c. Increased investments in child and maternal health care, Country Partnership Framework (2023 – 2028), the Fragility, books, scholarships, and gender advocacy have led to increased Conflict, and Violence strategy, the Window for Host Communities immunization, skilled birth attendant, school enrolment, and and Refugees and the on-going IFC’s private sector engagement transition rates in the region including in refugees and host aimed to support refugees and host communities and through communities. regional initiatives like the Horn of Africa Initiative. “The NEDI has started producing tangible results that are changing the lives of the people through improved water and energy access, better quality healthcare, and digital and transport connectivity for easier flow of goods and services,” Keith Hansen, World Bank Country Director for Kenya. 6 NEDI - Boosting Shared Prosperity for the North and Northeastern Counties of Kenya Watering Point in Garbatulla, Isiolo Photo Credit: Kennedy Mkutu Agade NEDI - Boosting Shared Prosperity for the North and Northeastern Counties of Kenya 7 KENYA OFF-GRID SOLAR ENERGY ACCESS PROJECT FOR UNDERSERVED COUNTIES Approval Date: July 26, 2017 Closing Date: June 30, 2023 WB financing: US$ 150 M NEDI share: US$ 100 M Objective To increase access to modern energy services in underserved Counties of Kenya. Project Activities Provision of electricity connections to homes, businesses, and facilities such as schools, health centers, and administration buildings through solar systems. Provision of solar systems and energy efficient cookstoves and fuels e.g., briquettes for homes and businesses. Installation of solar systems for community water pumping. Training and capacity building of personnel and supporting sector studies in the energy sector. Implementing Agencies Ministry of Energy, the Kenya Power and Lighting Company and the Rural Electrification and Renewable Energy Corporation. Benefitting Counties Garissa, Isiolo, Lamu, Mandera, Marsabit, Tana River, Samburu, Wajir, Turkana, and West Pokot. Children studying under solar lighting in Turkana – Photo Credit: KOSAP Team. 8 NEDI - Boosting Shared Prosperity for the North and Northeastern Counties of Kenya KOSAP: Project Results Expected Results Results To-date 1.5 million 547,509 people provided with new people provided with new or improved electricity or improved electricity service service 250,000 109,500 stand-alone solar home solar home systems sold systems to be sold in the in the 14 Counties so far 14 Counties 150,000 8,000 clean cooking solutions to clean cooking be sold in five Counties solutions sold in the five Counties so far 137 Mini-grids to 54,589 In progress households with solar power 380 boreholes to be powered In progress by solar water pumping system NEDI - Boosting Shared Prosperity for the North and Northeastern Counties of Kenya 9 KENYA CLIMATE-SMART AGRICULTURE PROJECT Approval date: February 9, 2017 Objective To increase agricultural productivity and Closing Date: June 30, 2023 build resilience to climate change risks in the targeted smallholder farming and pastoral WB Financing: US$ 250 M communities in Kenya, and in the event of an NEDI Share: US$ 55 M eligible crisis or emergency, provide immediate and effective response. The project also provides two matching grants: i) Community- level investments for micro-projects, and ii) County-level investments to finance larger sub-projects. Project Activities Up-scaling Climate Smart Agricultural Practices. Strengthening Climate-Smart Agricultural Research and Seed Systems. Supporting agro-weather, market, and advisory services. Contingency emergency response. Technical assistance, capacity building and project co-ordination, management, and implementation. Implementing Agencies National Treasury, Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Fisheries, and Kenya Agriculture and Livestock Research Organization. Benefitting Counties Garissa, Isiolo, Lamu, Mandera, Marsabit, Tana River, Wajir and West Pokot. Biliqi Water Pan in Wajir County – Photo Credit: Adan Mohamed. 10 NEDI - Boosting Shared Prosperity for the North and Northeastern Counties of Kenya KCSAP: Project Results Expected Results Results To-date 521,500 Over 656,000 direct beneficiaries of the direct beneficiaries of the Project Project Isiolo Abattoir completed Wajir Livestock Training Institute completed 108,900 188,000 Community Interest Groups (60% female) CIG groups (CIG) adopting at least one have adopted at least one Agricultural Technology, TIMP Innovation Management Practices (TIMPs) 20 Kg/Ha 13 Kg/Ha Increase in productivity Increase in productivity of selected agricultural of selected agricultural commodities commodities NEDI - Boosting Shared Prosperity for the North and Northeastern Counties of Kenya 11 WATER AND SANITATION DEVELOPMENT PROJECT Approval Date: April 26, 2017 Objective To improve water supply and sanitation Closing Date: April 30, 2024 services in select coastal and northeastern regions in Kenya and improve the financial WB Financing: US$ 300 M performance of water service providers NEDI Share: US$ 67 M affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. Project Activities Rehabilitation and expansion of urban water supply and sanitation services in the coastal region. Expansion of water supply and sanitation services in the underserved Northeastern Counties. Supporting National performance-based financing through technical assistance. Strengthen the capacity of the recipients for project management, implementation, coordination, monitoring, and evaluation. Implementing Agencies Ministry of Water, Sanitation and Irrigation, Water Services Regulatory Board, Water Sector Trust Fund, Northern Water Works Development Agency, Garissa Water and Sanitation Company, and Wajir Water and Sewerage Company. Benefitting Counties Borehole drilling works in Dadaab – Photo Credit: The World Bank. Garissa and Wajir. 12 NEDI - Boosting Shared Prosperity for the North and Northeastern Counties of Kenya WSDP: Project Results Expected Results Results To-date 89,200 3,550 people in urban areas (50% female) people in with access to improved urban areas have access to water sources improved water sources so far 25 In progress Water Service Providers with increased operating cost coverage ratio 130,000 In progress people connected to sewerage system 1,930,000 people with existing In progress connection benefiting from more hours per week of water services 2,023,700 3,550 direct project beneficiaries direct project beneficiaries (50% female) (50% female) so far NEDI - Boosting Shared Prosperity for the North and Northeastern Counties of Kenya 13 KENYA DEVELOPMENT RESPONSE FOR DISPLACEMENT IMPACTS PROJECT (KDRDIP) Approval Date: April 26, 2017 Objective To improve access to basic social services, Closing Date: April 30, 2023 expand economic opportunities, and enhance environmental management for communities WB Financing: US$ 108.18 M hosting refugees in the target areas of Garissa, NEDI share: US$ 94.6 M Turkana and Wajir Counties. Project Activities Provision of social and economic infrastructure and services. Environmental and natural resource management, and livelihoods. Program and project monitoring and evaluation as well as knowledge sharing. Implementing Agencies Ministry of Public Service, Gender, Senior Citizens Affairs and Special Programmes (National Government). Benefitting Counties Garissa, Turkana and Wajir. Shabedullah Youth Group shop in Modogashe – Photo Credit: KDRDIP. 14 NEDI - Boosting Shared Prosperity for the North and Northeastern Counties of Kenya KDRDIP: Project Results Expected Results Results To-date 1,041,436 1,129,871 direct project beneficiaries (51% female) direct (50% female) beneficiaries 1,500,000 1,200,000 people accessing socio-economic people accessing socio-economic services and infrastructure services and infrastructure 51,360 41,445 beneficiaries of economic beneficiaries of economic development activities that report development activities reported an increase in income an increase in income 11,970 3,650 hectares of land area where sustainable hectares of land area where land management practices have been sustainable land management adopted as a result of the project practices have been adopted NEDI - Boosting Shared Prosperity for the North and Northeastern Counties of Kenya 15 HORN OF AFRICA GATEWAY DEVELOPMENT PROJECT Approval Date: September 8, 2020 Objective To improve the movement of people and goods and digital connectivity Closing Date: June 30, 2028 and access to social services for communities at designated locations along the targeted sections of the Isiolo-Mandera Regional Road WB Financing: US$ 750 M Corridor as well as to enhance the capacity of selected transport related NEDI Share: US$ 640 M institutions in Kenya. Project Activities Upgrading of Isiolo-Modogashe and Wajir-Elwak road sections of a length of 365km plus 30km spur roads connecting market centers. Installing a Fiber Optic Cable (FOC) along the 740km Isiolo-Mandera road corridor plus 200km spur FOC as last mile connections to key social institutions. Review and updating of the border clearance processes and procedures. Upgrading selected customs administrative facilitation centers along the Isiolo-Madera road corridor and construction of border posts at Rhamu and Mandera and bridges over River Dawa at Rhamu and Mandera. Identification, design and construction of social-economic infrastructure for provision of basic services such as Schools, Markets, health centers and water supply. Improving road safety by upgrading driver licensing, vehicle registration and inspection systems. Institutional strengthening of selected transport and related Institutions Contingency emergency response. Implementing Agencies Kenya National Highways Authority, State Department of Infrastructure, State Department of Transport, ICT Authority, National Transport and Safety Authority, and the Kenya Revenue Authority. Current state of a section of the road in Wajir County – Photo Credit: Tintseh. Benefitting Counties Garissa, Isiolo, Mandera, and Wajir. 16 NEDI - Boosting Shared Prosperity for the North and Northeastern Counties of Kenya HoAGDP: Project Results Expected Results Reduced average travel time on improved roads Increased number of online public services used by communities along the corridor per month Increased number of Increased number of women public transport service and children utilizing the providers along the improved social services improved roads along the road corridor Reduced number of Road Management Information road crash fatalities System utilized for decision making and setting performance targets Reduced average Increased number of processing time at non-Kenyans trained border crossing for in new skills in Kenyan freight trucks and institutions passenger vehicles NEDI - Boosting Shared Prosperity for the North and Northeastern Counties of Kenya 17 EASTERN AFRICA REGIONAL TRANSPORT AND TRADE FACILITATION PROGRAM Approval Date: June 11, 2015 Objective To improve the movement of people and goods, digital Closing Date: December 29, 2023 connectivity, and access to social services to communities at designated locations along selected sections of the Eldoret- WB Financing: US$ 500 M Nadapal/Nakodok road corridor. NEDI Share: US$ 462 M Project Activities Upgrading of Lokichar-Nadapal-Nakodok road section of a length of 338Km of the Eldoret-Juba corridor and construction of a bridge across River Muruni at Kainuk. Rehabilitation of the existing Fiber Optic Cable (FOC) along the 600km Eldoret-Nadapal/Nakodok road corridor and installation of a high capacity FOC plus 106 spur FOC as last mile connections to key 193 social institutions. Upgrading the border and customs clearance, processes and procedures systems at Kenya Revenue Authority. Upgrading selected customs administrative facilitation centers along the Eldoret-Nadpal/Nakodok road corridor. Identification, design, and construction of social-economic infrastructure for provision of basic services such as Schools, Markets, health centers and water supply. Improving road safety by providing a disaster recovery center Kainuk Drift, which heavy vehicles had to use due to load restriction for the driver licensing, vehicle registration and inspection on old damaged bridge. systems in Kenya. Implementing Agencies Kenya National Highways Authority, State Department of Infrastructure, ICT Authority, and the Kenya Revenue Authority. Benefitting Counties Turkana and West Pokot. New Kainuk Bridge. 18 NEDI - Boosting Shared Prosperity for the North and Northeastern Counties of Kenya EARTTFP: Project Results Expected Results Results To-date Reduced average travel between The travel between Lokichar - Lodwar - Nadapal from Lokichar - Lodwar -Nadipal 48 hours to 9 hours has reduced from 48 hours to 14 hours Increase in the average number of online public services used by communities 5 online public services used by along the corridor per month from communities 1 to 5 Increased number of public transport service providers along 10 number of public transport the road corridor from service providers 2 to 10 Increase in the number of women and In progress children utilizing the improved social services NEDI - Boosting Shared Prosperity for the North and Northeastern Counties of Kenya 19 TRANSFORMING HEALTH SYSTEMS FOR UNIVERSAL CARE PROJECT Approval Date: June 15, 2016 Objective To improve utilization and quality of Closing Date: September 30, 2023 primary health care services with a focus on reproductive, maternal, newborn, child, and WB Financing: US$ 191.10 M adolescent health services and to provide NEDI Share: US$ 30 M immediate and effective response to an eligible crisis or emergency. Project Activities Improving the delivery, utilization, and quality of PHC services at the County level with a focus on RMNCAH. Strengthening institutional capacity to better deliver quality of care, monitoring and evaluation and civil registration and vital statistics (CRVS); and supporting health financing reforms towards universal health coverage (UHC). Cross-county and intergovernmental collaboration, and project management including M&E and fiduciary activities. Response to COVID-19 emergency. Implementing Agencies Ministry of Health and Departments of Health of the County Governments. Benefitting Counties Garissa, Isiolo, Lamu, Mandera, Marsabit, An elderly patient at Kakuma Hospital – Photo Credit: Tintseh. Tana River, Samburu, Wajir, Turkana, and West Pokot. 20 NEDI - Boosting Shared Prosperity for the North and Northeastern Counties of Kenya THS-UHC: Project Results Expected Results Results To-date 84% 92.20% of children immunized with the of children immunized with the third dose of Pentavalent vaccine third dose of Pentavalent vaccine 52% 51.80% of pregnant women access and of pregnant women have access and have attend at least 4 anti-natal clinic visits attended at least 4 ante-natal clinics 67% 79.10% births are attended by of births are attended skilled personnel by skilled personnel 52% 37.50% of women between the ages of 15-49 years of women between the ages of 15-49 years currently using a modern Family Planning method currently using a modern Family Planning (FP) method 50% 30% of the inspected facilities of the inspected facilities meet safety standards meet safety standards 73% 77.4% of pregnant women attend Ante Natal Clinics of pregnant women attend ANC (ANC) supplemented with Iron and Folic Acid (IFA) supplemented with IFA NEDI - Boosting Shared Prosperity for the North and Northeastern Counties of Kenya 21 KENYA SECONDARY EDUCATION QUALITY IMPROVEMENT PROJECT Approval Date: September 15, 2017 Objective To improve student learning in secondary Closing Date: December 31, 2023 education and accelerate transition from primary to secondary education in targeted WB Financing: US$ 200 M NEDI Counties. NEDI Share: US$ 54 M Project Activities Improving the quality of teaching in targeted areas through recruitment and training of teachers, and provision of textbooks. Improving retention in upper primary school and transition to secondary school in targeted areas by improving school infrastructure and provision of scholarships to needy pupils. System reform support by development and introduction of Competency Based Curriculum and improving National monitoring systems of learning progress and National examinations. Implementing Agencies Ministry of Education, the Teachers Service Commission, and the Kenya Institute of Curriculum Development. Benefitting Counties Garissa, Isiolo, Lamu, Mandera, Marsabit, Tana River, Samburu, Wajir, Turkana, Secondary school students in Leheley School in Wajir County – Photo Credit: Tintseh. and West Pokot. 22 NEDI - Boosting Shared Prosperity for the North and Northeastern Counties of Kenya SEQIP: Project Results Expected Results Results To-date 77.2% 86% to 82.10% transition rate from primary to secondary transition rate from primary to secondary education education attained 74.9% 83.4% to 85.61% female transition rate from primary female transition rate from primary to to secondary education secondary education achieved 23.4% 26.8% to 18.70% average student test score in mathematics at average student test score in mathematics at Form 2 at public schools in targeted Form 2 at public schools in targeted sub-counties sub-counties 22% 25.3%to 17.50% average female student test score in average female student test score in mathematics at mathematics at Form 2 at public schools in Form 2 at public schools in targeted sub-counties targeted sub-counties 24.1% 27.7% to 26.00% average student test score in sciences subjects average student test score in science subjects at Form at Form 2 at public schools in targeted 2 at public schools in targeted sub-counties sub-counties 23.7% 27.3% to 24.90% average female student test score in sciences Average female student test score in sciences subjects subjects at Form 2 at public schools in targeted at Form 2 at public schools in targeted sub-counties sub-counties NEDI - Boosting Shared Prosperity for the North and Northeastern Counties of Kenya 23 KENYA URBAN SUPPORT PROGRAM Approval Date: July 26, 2017 Objective To establish and strengthen urban institutions Closing Date: July 31, 2023 to deliver improved infrastructure and services in participating Counties in Kenya. WB Financing: US$ 300 M NEDI Share: US$ 38 M Project Activities Supporting the National government in fulfilling its urban development functions. Providing support to County governments to promote urban development and establish urban management institutions and arrangement (urban boards, charters, administration) in 45 Counties and 59 municipalities. Provision of urban Institution Grant and Urban Development Grants to Counties and urban areas upon meeting performance criteria, for capacity building and financing urban infrastructure investments. Implementing Agencies Ministry of Transport, Infrastructure, Housing, and Urban Development and County Governments. Benefitting Counties Garissa, Isiolo, Lamu, Mandera, Marsabit, Tana River, Samburu, Wajir, Turkana, and West Pokot. Upgraded Waberi-Iftin access road in Garissa town – Photo Credit: The World Bank. 24 NEDI - Boosting Shared Prosperity for the North and Northeastern Counties of Kenya KUSP: Project Results Expected Results Results To-date 35 urban areas with approved 70 urban areas with approved charters, established boards, appointed charters, established boards, appointed urban managers, and a budget vote urban managers, and a budget vote 17 urban areas that utilize at least 57 urban areas that utilize at least 50 percent of the budget intended 50 percent of the budget intended for for their urban investments their urban investments 15urban areas that have an 57 urban areas that have an approved Annual Investment Plan approved Annual Investment Plan and Urban Area plans and Urban Area plans NEDI - Boosting Shared Prosperity for the North and Northeastern Counties of Kenya 25 KENYA SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC INCLUSION PROJECT Approval Date: November 27, 2018 Objective To strengthen delivery systems for enhanced access to social and Closing Date: December 31, 2023 economic inclusion services and to provide responsive safety nets for poor and vulnerable households. WB Financing: US$ 320 M NEDI Share: US$ 73 M Project Activities Strengthening social protection delivery systems. Increasing access to social and economic inclusion interventions. Improving the shock responsiveness of safety net systems targeting NEDI Counties. The nutrition-sensitive safety net pilot - the Nutrition Improvement through Cash and Health Education will be providing cash top-ups and nutrition counseling to poor households with young children and or pregnant and lactating women in the Counties of Turkana, West Pokot and Marsabit. Economic inclusion pilot is being implemented in Marsabit where select poor and vulnerable households are receiving a graduation package that in addition to cash support include asset transfer, training and mentorship for diversified livelihoods. Implementing Agencies Ministry of Labour and Social Protection and National Drought Management Authority. Benefitting Counties Garissa, Isiolo, Mandera, Marsabit, Samburu, Tana River, Turkana, West Pokot and Wajir. An elderly cash transfer beneficiary in Wajir – Photo Credit: Tintseh. 26 NEDI - Boosting Shared Prosperity for the North and Northeastern Counties of Kenya KSEIP: Project Results Expected Results Results To-date Hunger Safety Net Programme (HSNP) HSNP households expanded in all is expanded from 8 Counties 4 to 8 Counties Over 100,000 households are benefiting from the regular cash transfers in original 4 Counties and additional 10,000 households in new Counties is to start in FY22/23. HSNP`s drought response mechanism fully operational in new Counties to begin payment of emergency cash transfers to the affected households 23,500 households 10,000 households receiving receiving nutrition-sensitive nutrition-sensitive cash transfers in 5 Counties, cash transfer under NICHE including 3 NEDI Counties 9 sub-counties where 10 sub-counties have initiated the Economic economic inclusion inclusion model including 2 sub-counties of Marsabit model is initiated NEDI - Boosting Shared Prosperity for the North and Northeastern Counties of Kenya 27 NATIONAL AGRICULTURAL AND RURAL INCLUSIVE GROWTH PROJECT Approval Date: August 23, 2016 Objective To increase agricultural productivity and Closing Date: June 30, 2023 profitability of targeted rural communities in selected Counties, and in the event of a crisis WB Financing: US$ 200 M or emergency, provide immediate and effective NEDI Share: US$ 14 M response. Project Activities Supporting community-driven development. Strengthening Producer Organizations (PO) and Value Chains. Supporting County Community-led Development. Project coordination and management. Implementing Agencies Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock, Fisheries and Cooperatives and County governments Departments responsible for Agriculture, Livestock, Fisheries and Cooperatives. Benefitting Counties Samburu and Turkana. A woman in a refugee hosting region in Turkana harvesting tomatoes – Photo Credit: Amit Ramrakha. 28 NEDI - Boosting Shared Prosperity for the North and Northeastern Counties of Kenya NARIG: Project Results Expected Results Results To-date 360,000 523,774 direct beneficiaries of the Project, 50% female direct beneficiaries of the Project, 60% female 176,400 direct beneficiaries 254,586 direct (50%) who have adopted improved beneficiaries (60% Female) agricultural technologies, innovations, who have adopted TIMPs and management practices (TIMPs) promoted by the project 30% yield increase in the 23.5% yield increase in the selected priority agricultural value selected priority agricultural value chains supported by the project chains supported by the project 70% of Producer 25% of Producer Organizations supported by the Organizations reported project reporting increase in increase in profitability profitability NEDI - Boosting Shared Prosperity for the North and Northeastern Counties of Kenya 29 EMERGENCY LOCUST RESPONSE PROGRAM Approval Date: June 8, 2021 Objective To respond to the threat posed by the locust Closing Date: August 30, 2024 outbreak and to strengthen systems for preparedness. WB Financing: US$ 78 M NEDI Share: US$ 35 M Project Activities Surveillance and Control Measures to address the immediate threat posed by the upsurge; and Livelihoods Protection and Rehabilitation to safeguard food security of affected households and restore farmers and livestock herder to productivity in the wake of an invasion; and Coordination and Early Warning Preparedness to strengthen National systems and regional cooperation to address future threats. Implementing Agencies Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock, Fisheries and Cooperation and selected County governments. Benefitting Counties Samburu, Marsabit, West Pokot, Mandera, Garissa, Wajir, Isiolo, and Turkana. Locust Invasion – Photo Credit: UNICEF. “We have learnt over the years that when the Government Josphat Sasia, takes the driver’s seat and brings all stakeholders together, it is Lead Transport Specialist and Task Team a key success factor in enhancing ownership and inclusivity.” Leader for the Horn of Africa Gateway Development Project (HoAGDP) 30 NEDI - Boosting Shared Prosperity for the North and Northeastern Counties of Kenya ELRP: Project Results Expected Results Results To-date 110,000 42,000 ha Land area in hectares (ha) sprayed for locust control sprayed for locust control 40,000 13,000 Farmers receiving input Affected farmers receiving packets input packets (number) 140,000 10,000 Livestock holding households Livestock holding households receiving emergency fodder receiving emergency fodder and fodder seeds and fodder seeds NEDI - Boosting Shared Prosperity for the North and Northeastern Counties of Kenya 31 HORN OF AFRICA GROUND WATER FOR RESILIENCE PROJECT (KENYA) Approval Date: June 1, 2022 Objective To increase the sustainable access and Closing Date: December 31, 2028 management of groundwater in the Horn of Africa’s borderlands. WB Financing: US$ 135 M NEDI Share: US$ 117 M Project Activities Delivery of inclusive groundwater services to priority areas through rehabilitation and/ or expansion of approximately 500 rural water supply schemes and construction of approximately 100 Managed Aquifer Recharge (MAR) Infrastructures including Sand Dams, subsurface dams and other WRUAs-led groundwater conservation and livelihood support interventions. Generating groundwater information by undertaking detailed assessment of NEDI Aquifers potential and prepare aquifer development and management plans for use by Counties to drill high yielding boreholes. Strengthening regional and National Ground Water institutions. Implementing Agencies Ministry of Water Sanitation and Irrigation The Water Resources Authority The Water Sector Trust Fund County Governments of Turkana, Wajir, Marsabit, Mandera and Garissa. Benefitting Counties Mandera, Garissa, Marsabit, Wajir, and Turkana. Community member fetching water from a shallow well on dry river-bed – Photo Credit: The World Bank. 32 NEDI - Boosting Shared Prosperity for the North and Northeastern Counties of Kenya HoAGWRP: Project Results Expected Results 1,500,000 beneficiaries (including 55% women with increased water access for domestic, agricultural, or pastoral purposes 90% of water points constructed or rehabilitated under the Program are functioning “To achieve quality outcomes, it is crucial to address common development Peter Taniform, challenges through harmonized approaches and leveraging of the Infrastructure Sector Leader and strategies, resources and tools deployed successfully by different project.” NEDI Task Team Leader. NEDI - Boosting Shared Prosperity for the North and Northeastern Counties of Kenya 33 FINANCING LOCALLY-LED CLIMATE ACTION PROGRAM (FLLOCA) Approval Date: October 2021 Objective To deliver locally-led climate resilience Closing Date: December 31, 2026 actions and strengthen County and National governments’ capacity to manage climate risks. WB Financing: US$ 150 M NEDI Share: US$ 39 M Project Activities Support to County institutional capacity building for locally-led climate action through provision of a conditional County Climate and Institutional Support (CCIS) Grant will strengthen climate risk management capacity. Support to Locally-led climate resilience action financed through a conditional County Climate Resilience Investment (CCRI) Grant following a facilitated participatory process. Actions can be in water, agriculture, natural resource management etc. Implementing Agencies National Treasury, Counties, Council of Governors, Ministries of Environment, and other sector ministries. Benefitting Counties Garissa, Isiolo, Lamu, Mandera, Marsabit, Tana River, Samburu, Wajir, Turkana, and West Pokot. Harsh climatic conditions in parts of the NEDI Counties – Photo Credit: The World Bank. 34 NEDI - Boosting Shared Prosperity for the North and Northeastern Counties of Kenya FLLOCA: Project Results Expected Results Results To-date 700 rural wards 8 out of the 10 NEDI benefitting from program-funded Counties have met the functioning resilience investments in minimum conditions to access the agriculture, environment, water, the first CCRI grant or other prioritized sectors No. of participating Counties where at least 60% of the utilized Community Conservation Resilience Initiative (CCRI) grant budget is spent on climate- “You cannot protect the resilient actions relevant to agriculture, environment unless unless you environment, and/or water sectors empower people, you inform them, and you help them understand that these resources are their own, that they must protect them.” Counties’ average Annual Performance Assessment score at 80% Professor Wangari Maathai, 2004 Nobel Peace Prize Laureate. Annual National entities capacity building plan delivered by 80% NEDI - Boosting Shared Prosperity for the North and Northeastern Counties of Kenya 35 PRIMARY EDUCATION EQUITY IN LEARNING PROGRAM Approval Date: March 2022 Objective To reduce regional disparities in learning Closing Date: December 2026 outcomes, improve the retention of girls in upper primary education, and strengthen systems for WB Financing: US$ 200 M delivering equitable education outcomes. NEDI Share: US$ 60 M Project Activities Reduction of Regional Disparities in Learning Outcomes through provision of school grant for priority areas in the school improvement plan and meals and deployment of teachers where there are shortages. Improve the retention of girls in upper primary education (grades 7 to 8) by providing scholarship, school kits and mentoring support services. Strengthen systems capacity for implementing initiated reforms to assure learning for all including capacity building of teacher training colleges and provision of additional infrastructure and use of NEMIS data for improved management of primary education. Implementing Agencies Ministry of Education, the Teachers Service Commission, and the Kenya Institute of Curriculum Development. Benefitting Counties Garissa, Isiolo, Lamu, Mandera, Marsabit, Samburu, Tana River, Turkana, Wajir, and West Pokot. Primary school pupil in class in a NEDI County – Photo Credit: The World Bank. 36 NEDI - Boosting Shared Prosperity for the North and Northeastern Counties of Kenya Project Results Expected Results Results To-date Increase from 2% 7% to in the share of students achieving higher order competencies in numeracy (Level 4) in the National Assessment System for Monitoring 2% increase in numeracy Learner Achievement (NASMLA) and Grade 3 assessment, Level 4 attained in Counties falling into the lowest quintile of performers including refugee schools and refugee hosting communities Increase from 17% 22% to in the share of students achieving higher order competencies in literacy (Level 4) in the NASMLA Grade 3 assessment, in Counties 17% of students achieved falling into the lowest quintile of performers including higher literacy refugee schools and refugee hosting communities 80% to 85% Improved retention of girls from 80% poor and vulnerable populations, including in refugee improved retention populations, in upper primary (grades 7-8) for girls attained Successful roll out of CBC and CBA reforms In progress in basic education NEDI - Boosting Shared Prosperity for the North and Northeastern Counties of Kenya 37 DE-RISKING, INCLUSION, AND VALUE ENHANCEMENT OF PASTORAL ECONOMIES IN THE HORN OF AFRICA Approval Date: June 2022 Objective To enhance pastoralists’ access to financial Closing Date: September 2027 services for drought risk mitigation, include them in the value chains, and facilitate the WB Financing: US$ 140 M (Kenya) livestock trade in the Horn of Africa. NEDI Share: US$ 90 M Project Activities Provision of package of financial services. Support to trade facilitation and trade infrastructure including linking pastoralists to the markets. Mobilizing private sector investments and improve linkages to markets. Implementing Agencies State Department of Livestock, in partnership with Zep-Re and Kenya Development Corporation. Benefitting Counties Garissa, Isiolo, Lamu, Mandera, Marsabit, Tana River, Samburu, Wajir, Turkana, and West Pokot. Qorahey camel market in Wajir County – Photo Credit: Tintseh. 38 NEDI - Boosting Shared Prosperity for the North and Northeastern Counties of Kenya DRIVE Project Results Expected Results 800,000 pastoralists and their dependents accessing formal financial services and capacity building 1,200 pastoralists groups linked to markets through supported private sector investments $ 115,000,000 Value of Livestock and Livestock products traded by pastoralists “Both levels of Government are committed to lead and fully Engineer Francis Gitau, support the coordination framework for NEDI to ensure efficient Infrastructure Secretary in use of scarce resources and harmonized public service delivery.” the Ministry of Transport. NEDI - Boosting Shared Prosperity for the North and Northeastern Counties of Kenya 39 THE KENYA ACCOUNTABLE DEVOLUTION PROGRAM (KADP) III Approval date: December 2020 Objective: To help overcome performance barriers in National Closing Date: December 2025 and County institutions to improve devolved service delivery. Current Funding: US$ 25 M NEDI Share: US$ 5 M KADP III is a Multi-Donor Trust Fund executed by the World Bank. The current contributors to the fund are DANIDA and DFID/FCDO. Project Activities: Macro and Fiscal Management. Public Sector and Institutional Performance. Inclusion, Accountability and Sustainability. Knowledge and Learning, Coordination. Program Management and Administration. Implementing Agencies Ministry of Devolution, the National Treasury, Council of Governors (CoG), Frontier Counties Development Council (FCDC), ASAL department, the Kenya School of Government, line ministries, Ministry of Public Service, Youth and Gender Affairs, Office of the Auditor General, Commission on Revenue Allocation, Kenya National Bureau of Statistics, Ombudsman’s Office, National Participatory Budgeting in West Pokot County in Kenya – Photo Credit: The World Bank. Environmental Management Authority, National Gender and Equality Commission, and the Climate Change Directorate. “The Government’s cash transfer to vulnerable Keith Hansen, Benefitting Counties Kenyans in now more efficient, functional World Bank Garissa, Isiolo, Lamu, Mandera, Marsabit, Samburu, municipalities have been established and Country Director Tana River, Turkana, Wajir, and West Pokot. devolved units have better capacity to plan, for Kenya. budget and deliver services.” 40 NEDI - Boosting Shared Prosperity for the North and Northeastern Counties of Kenya KADP III Results Expected Results Results To-date Improved fiscal projections, revenue policies and administration systems, debt Own Source Revenue (OSR) at 64.2% of the target OSR in 2021 management and fiscal transparency at the National and County level Strengthened New IFMIS tools developed policies, systems and processes for to enable suppliers lodge and monitor claims for PFM, M&E and HRM which address tender payments remotely bottlenecks to service delivery Strengthened 5 pilot Counties National Policy Framework and County system and capabilities for citizen- identified and development of result centric service delivery matrices completed Devolution Sector Working Group meetings held Enhanced collaboration, partnership and learning in the Handbook on knowledge capturing and sharing Devolution Sector developed and shared with Counties NEDI - Boosting Shared Prosperity for the North and Northeastern Counties of Kenya 41 THE FRONTIER COUNTIES DEVELOPMENT COUNCIL Background Achievements The Frontier Counties Development Council (FCDC) is a regional FCDC has an established secretariat, a socio-economic blueprint, socio-economic bloc formed in 2016 by the member Counties of a Regional Investment Plan, promoting learning and has enhanced Turkana, West Pokot, Lamu, Wajir, Isiolo, Tana River, Marsabit, partnerships and collaboration between Counties as well as with Samburu, Garissa, and Mandera Counties. It was established to development partners. promote the social and economic transformation of the region cognizant of the commonality of the challenges faced and the shared historical, cultural, and geophysical features. FCDC is FCDC Vision and Mission legitimately recognized by member Counties through an Act of County Assembly that has been passed by seven of the Counties. “A Peaceful, prosperous, and equitable Frontier Counties FCDC’s Role in the NEDI VISION where people achieve their The FCDC was established around the time when NEDI was full potential and enjoy a high being mooted, making it the natural coordinating partner on quality of life.” the initiative. The first WB support was through the Kenya Accountable Devolution Program that supported institutional strengthening of FCDC including enhancement of cross county “To coordinate development collaboration, development of a socio-economic blueprint for the initiatives, enhance peace region and deployment of a responsive capacity building facility and cohesion, and bring MISSION to support member Counties. Currently, on-going support is under about accelerated socio- two projects: economic development of 1. Kenya Accountable Devolution Program Phase III whose Frontier Counties of Kenya.” support aims at strengthening FCDC’s ability to provide strategic support to the member Counties and play a catalytic Phone Number: role at the National level through focused policy engagement +254 020 4405051 and advocacy. CONTACT Website: 2. The Horn of Africa Gateway Development Project where FCDC INFORMATION fcdc.or.ke is a beneficiary entity under the Kenya National Highway Email Address: Authority. It serves as a third-party monitor, assists in managing info@fcdc.or.ke social and security concerns, supports community sensitization and resolution of any communal conflicts and acts as a liaison Office Location: for the project. Woodland Office Park Mohamed Guleid, Former “The Former North Eastern Province (NEP) was euphemistically dubbed Nothing Except Chief Executive of the Frontier Problems (NEP). The NEDI gives the people of the region hope for a better future.” Counties Development Council. 42 NEDI - Boosting Shared Prosperity for the North and Northeastern Counties of Kenya An Oasis of Hope Water pans provide water to Kenya’s Wajir County The construction of a water pan in Biliqi village restored livelihoods for the pastoral community. Biliqi Villagers sang, danced and jumped joyfully as they celebrated and praised creator for granting them their biggest wish: water. The thrill of a whole village revolved around the Tawakal Water Pan; whose construction ushered in an oasis of hope. The water pan, an investment under the Kenya Climate Smart Agriculture Project (KCSAP), stores rainwater, improving pastoral livelihoods. Water pans provide water to Kenya’s Wajir County – Photo Credit: Adan Mohamed Before the pans were installed, water came at a relatively high cost for this community. For decades, women and girls in Wajir—a sweltering, water-scarce county—have trekked daily for long distances and insecure routes in search of water. On a good day, they would get the precious commodity from water boozers, The water pans, which collect and vehicles with tanks that supply water to remote areas. store rainwater, are part of the Lack of access to safe and affordable water is among the major Kenya Climate Smart Agriculture constraints to improving the livelihoods of pastoral communities in Wajir County. “When the water boozers failed to show up, we Project, a core program under were forced to walk over 30 kilometers in scorching heat to the water points with our entire livestock,” said Fatuma Mohamed, a the North and Northeastern livestock farmer in Biliqi village. “We would take a whole day.” Development Initiative. NEDI - Boosting Shared Prosperity for the North and Northeastern Counties of Kenya 43 Wajir County is one of 10 Counties benefitting from the The pan serves more than 1,000 direct beneficiaries, of which $1 billion World Bank-funded North and Northeastern 50% are female, who now have water within close reach for Development Initiative (NEDI), which aims to reduce themselves and an estimated 9,500 livestock. development gaps in the region. KCSAP is a core NEDI In addition to allowing easier access to water for domestic program focused on increasing agricultural productivity and and livestock use, some additional benefits of the water pan building resilience to climate change for Kenya’s smallholder include: farmers and pastoral communities. Available water at minimum cost. “The Kenya Climate Smart Agriculture Project provides As women and girls no longer have to search for water, a great opportunity for the communities and County they can now engage in other productive tasks; girls are governments to make specific investments like these that will concentrating on full-time schooling and women have have a sustainable impact on the livelihoods of farmers and opened food kiosks near the water pan to sell food to the pastoralists,” said Vinay Kumar Vutukuru, World Bank Task herders who bring animals to drink water. Team Leader. “It’s heartening to see resilience shown by the communities during this concurrent crisis of the COVID-19 and Livestock productivity has been enhanced due to the the locust attack as they continue to leverage the KCSAP reduced distance to the watering point – two kilometers project to enhance their livelihoods.” from 30 kilometers. Increased enrollment of children in the local primary school. The Tawakal Water Pan was constructed in 2019 with a water Harvesting of the surface water run-off has reduced flash harvesting capacity of nearly 45,000m3 at a total cost of floods. about $170,000 to ensure water availability for domestic and livestock use especially during the dry seasons. The water pan contributes to building the resilience of the people of Biliq village to climatic shocks. To sustain the water pan, a community-led management committee charges a small fee for the livestock taking More than 1,000 water from the Tawakal water pan. The fee helps with maintenance, such as desilting the inlet and other works. The people now have Biliqi community has been trained to undertake catchment protection activities to ensure longer term water harvesting access to affordable and minimize siltation into the pan. water sources for “This oasis of hope has restored the smile and dignity of themselves and their a people traumatized by years of thirst and hunger,” said Mohamed Adan AbdulKarim, Chief of Ademasajida Ward. livestock. “Every evening, as the sun sneaks into its hideout, the residents retire to bed energized and hopeful for yet another day. A day free from thirst and hunger!” 44 NEDI - Boosting Shared Prosperity for the North and Northeastern Counties of Kenya NEDI Projects Mapping per County West Pokot Tana River Samburu Mandera Marsabit Turkana Garissa County/Projects Lamu Wajir Isiolo NEDI BACKBONE PROJECTS Kenya Off-Grid Solar Access Project for Underserved Counties (KOSAP) Kenya Climate-Smart Agriculture Project (KCSAP) Water and Sanitation Development Project (WSDP) Kenya Development Response for Displacement Impacts Project (KDRDIP) Horn of Africa Gateway Development Project (HoAGDP) The Kenya Safety Net Program OTHER NATIONAL AND REGIONAL PROJECTS East Africa Regional Transport and Trade Facilitation Project (EARTTFP) Kenya Social and Economic Inclusion Project (KSEIP) National Agriculture and Rural Inclusive Growth project (NARIG) Transforming Health Systems Project (THS-UHC) Primary Education Equity in Learning Program (PEELP) Kenya Secondary Education Quality Improvement Project (SEQIP) Kenya Urban Support Program (KUSP) Horn of Africa Ground Water for Resilience project (HoAGWRP) Financing Locally-Led Climate Action program (FLLOCA) Emergency Locust Response Program (ELRP) De-risking, Inclusion and Value Enhancement of Pastoral Economies in the Horn of Africa (DRIVE) Kenya Accountable Devolution Program (KADP III) NEDI - Boosting Shared Prosperity for the North and Northeastern Counties of Kenya 45 NEDI NORTH AND NORTHEASTERN DEVELOPMENT INITIATIVE Boosting Shared Prosperity for the North and Northeastern Counties of Kenya Prepared by NEDI Project Team, World Bank December, 2022 NEDI - Boosting REPUBLIC Shared Prosperity for the North and Northeastern Counties of Kenya OF KENYA