90908 MIDDLE EAST AND NORTH AFRICA REGION Little Data Book OFFICE OF THE CHIEF ECONOMIST April 2012 THE WORLD BANK MIDDLE EAST AND NORTH AFRICA REGION LITTLE DATA BOOK OFFICE OF THE CHIEF ECONOMIST April 2012 THE WORLD BANK Copyright ©2012 by the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development THE WORLD BANK 1818 H Street NW Washington DC 20433, U.S.A. Telephone: 202-473-1000 Internet: www.worldbank.org E-mail: feedback@worldbank.org All rights reserved Manufactured in the United States of America First printing April 2012 This volume is a product of the Chief Economist Office of the Middle East and North Africa Region of the World Bank. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this volume do not necessarily reflect the views of the Executive Directors of The World Bank or the governments they represent. Rights and Permissions The material in this publication is copyrighted. 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A FREE PUBLICATION Middle East and North Africa Little Data Book April 2012 | ii Contents Acknowledgements iv Data Notes v Regional Tables vi Table 1 Social and Economic indicators 1 Table 2 Key Macroeconomic Indicators 3 Table 3 Government Fiscal Balance and Debt 5 Table 4 Current Account Balance and Reserves 6 Table 5 Export of Goods and Services 7 Table 6 Imports of Goods and Services 9 Table 7 Exports of Goods to Trading Blocs 11 Table 8 Imports of Goods from Trading Blocs 12 Table 9 Foreign Receipts Indicators 13 Table 10 Health Indicators 15 Table 11 Education Indicators 16 Table 12 Gender Indicators 17 Table 13 Unemployment Rates 19 Table 14 Doing Business Indicators 20 Table 15 Communication and Energy Indicators 21 Table 16 Water and Environment Indicators 22 Table 17 Poverty Indicators 23 Table 18 Millennium Development Goals, MENA 24 Table 19 Millennium Development Goals, Others 26 Glossary 28 Middle East and North Africa Little Data Book April 2012 | iii Acknowledgements The MENA Little Data Book, 2012 is a product of the Chief Economist Office for the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) Region of the World Bank. This data Book includes indicators covering macroeconomic, social and external sector for MENA and other comparator regions. This book was prepared by Lili Mottaghi (Economist, Office of the Chief Economist, MENA). Caroline Freund (Chief Economist, Middle East and North Africa Region) provided overall guidance. Isabelle Chaal-Dabi (Office of the Chief Economist, MENA) provided excellent administrative assistance. Middle East and North Africa Little Data Book April 2012 | iv Data Notes The data in this book are based on World Bank’s World Development Indicators (WDI) 2011. The data are for 2009 and 2010 or the most recent year unless otherwise noted. Where possible, missing data for countries are calculated from other sources as noted in the tables. The Glossary contains definitions of the terms used in the tables. Growth rates are proportional changes from the previous year unless otherwise noted. Except where otherwise stated, growth rates are in real terms. Regional aggregates include data for developing countries only. .. means that data are not available or that aggregates cannot be calculated because of missing data in the years shown. 0 or 0.0 means zero or small enough that the number would round to zero at the displayed number of decimal places. Considerable effort has been made to harmonize the data, but full comparability cannot be assured, and care must be taken in interpreting indicators. Many factors affect data availability, comparability, and reliability. Data coverage may not be complete because of special circumstances affecting the collection and reporting of data. For more information about the MENA Little Data Book, 2012 please visit our website at www.worldbank.org/mena. Middle East and North Africa Little Data Book April 2012 |v Regional Tables The country composition of regions is based on the World Bank’s analytical regions and may differ from common geographic usage. East Asia and Pacific (EAP) American Samoa, Cambodia, China, Fiji, Indonesia, Kiribati, Democratic Republic of Korea, Lao People’s Democratic Republic, Malaysia, Marshall Islands, Federated States of Micronesia, Mongolia, Myanmar, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Samoa, Solomon Islands, Thailand, Timor-Leste, Tonga, Vanuatu, and Vietnam. Europe and Central Asia (ECA) Albania, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kosovo, Kyrgyz Republic, Latvia, Lithuania, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Moldova, Montenegro, Poland, Romania, Russian Federation, Serbia, Tajikistan, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, and Uzbekistan. Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) Argentina, Belize, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Grenada, Guatemala, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, St. Kitts and Nevis, St. Lucia, St. Vincent and the Grenadines, Suriname, Uruguay, and Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela. Middle East and North Africa (MENA) Algeria, Bahrain, Djibouti, Egypt, Iran, Iraq, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Morocco, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Syria, Tunisia, the United Arab Emirates, and Yemen. MENA Country Groupings Oil exporters include GCC countries and Developing oil exporters. GCC countries include Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, and United Arab Emirates. Developing oil exporters include Algeria, Iraq, Iran, Syria, and Yemen. Middle East and North Africa Little Data Book April 2012 | vi Regional Tables Oil importers include Oil importers with GCC links and Oil importers with EU links. Oil importers with GCC links include Djibouti, Jordan, and Lebanon. Oil importers with EU links include Egypt, Morocco, and Tunisia. League of Arab States include the Middle East and North Africa, as described above (except Iran), and Comoros, Mauritania, Somalia, and Sudan. South Asia (SA) Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka. Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) Angola, Benin, Botswana, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic of Congo, Côte d’Ivoire, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Gabon, The Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Kenya, Lesotho, Liberia, Madagascar, Malawi, Mali, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mayotte, Mozambique, Namibia, Niger, Nigeria, Rwanda, São Tomé and Príncipe, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Somalia, South Africa, Sudan, Swaziland, Tanzania, Togo, Uganda, Zambia, and Zimbabwe. The aggregates reported herein are constructed, as much as possible, in concordance with the methodologies used in the World Bank’s World Development Indicators. Where possible, aggregates are calculated by summing the results from individual countries. Aggregate ratios and growth rates based on summable data are calculated from the sums of the underlying indicators. Aggregate ratios and growth rates that cannot be calculated by summation are weighted averages unless otherwise noted in the tables. Aggregates are weighted whenever possible by the value of the denominator. If another indicator is used as the weight, this is noted within the individual tables. Middle East and North Africa Little Data Book April 2012 | vii Table 1. Social and Economic Indicators Population Population Growth (Millions) (Percent) 2009 2010 2009 2010 Middle East and North Africa 357.2 364.3 2.1 2.0 Oil Exporters 224.4 229.5 2.4 2.2 GCC 41.9 43.5 4.6 3.8 Bahrain 1.2 1.3 10.6 7.6 Kuwait 2.6 2.7 3.8 3.4 Oman 2.7 2.8 2.8 2.6 Qatar 1.6 1.8 13.5 9.6 Saudi Arabia 26.8 27.4 2.4 2.4 United Arab Emirates 6.9 7.5 11.2 7.9 Developing Oil Exporters 182.5 186.0 1.9 1.9 Algeria 35.0 35.5 1.5 1.5 Iran, Islamic Republic of 73.1 74.0 1.2 1.1 Iraq 31.1 32.0 3.0 3.0 Syrian Arab Republic 20.0 20.4 2.0 2.0 Yemen 23.3 24.1 3.1 3.1 Oil Importers 132.8 134.8 1.5 1.5 Oil importers with GCC links 11.0 11.2 1.6 1.6 Djibouti 0.9 0.9 1.9 1.9 Jordan 5.9 6.0 2.2 2.2 Lebanon 4.2 4.2 0.7 0.7 Oil importers with EU links 121.8 123.6 1.5 1.5 Egypt 79.7 81.1 1.8 1.7 Morocco 31.6 32.0 1.0 1.0 Tunisia 10.4 10.5 1.1 1.0 Memorandum League of Arab States 340 347 2.0 2.2 East Asia and the Pacific 1,948 1,962 0.7 0.7 Europe and Central Asia 403 405 0.4 0.4 Latin America and the Caribbean 576 583 1.1 1.1 South Asia 1,557 1,579 1.4 1.4 Sub-Saharan Africa 833 854 2.5 2.5 Source: World Bank Middle East and North Africa Little Data Book April 2012 | 1 Table 1. Social and Economic Indicators (Cont.) GDP GDP Per Capita (Billion US dollars) (US dollars) 2009 2010 2009 2010 1,880 2,238 5,669 6,465 1,495 1,816 7,270 8,375 878 1,078 23,730 27,452 21 23 18,589 20,475 109 133 31,411 37,009 47 58 16,255 19,405 98 127 59,545 74,901 373 435 14,148 16,267 230 302 53,363 57,884 617 739 3,494 3,912 141 159 3,926 4,366 331 407 4,923 5,449 65 82 2,056 2,531 54 59 2,593 2,823 26 31 1,061 1,284 385 422 2,962 3,215 61 68 5,710 6,255 1 1 1,305 1,370 25 28 3,987 4,326 35 39 9,054 10,041 324 354 2,714 2,940 189 219 2,456 2,808 91 91 2,885 2,861 44 44 4,171 4,199 1,607 1,898 4,731 5,463 6,366 7,631 3,268 3,890 2,609 3,059 6,467 7,551 4,014 4,982 6,969 8,552 1,701 2,090 1,092 1,323 942 1,098 1,131 1,286 Middle East and North Africa Little Data Book April 2012 |2 Table 2. Key Macroeconomic Indicators Real GDP Growth (Percent) 2009 2010 Middle East and North Africa 2.1 4.3 Oil Exporters 1.1 4.1 GCC -0.3 4.5 Bahrain 3.1 4.5 Kuwait -4.4 2.3 Oman 1.1 4.8 Qatar 8.6 16.3 Saudi Arabia 0.6 3.3 United Arab Emirates -3.2 3.2 Developing Oil Exporters 3.5 3.4 Algeria 2.4 3.3 Iran, Islamic Republic of 3.5 3.2 Iraq 4.2 0.8 Syrian Arab Republic 6.0 3.2 Yemen 3.8 7.8 Oil Importers 4.9 4.7 Oil importers with GCC links 7.4 5.3 Djibouti 5.0 3.5 Jordan 5.5 2.3 Lebanon 8.5 7.0 Oil importers with EU links 4.5 4.6 Egypt 4.7 5.2 Morocco 4.8 3.7 Tunisia 3.1 3.0 Memorandum League of Arab States 2.8 4.0 East Asia and the Pacific 7.5 6.8 Europe and Central Asia -6.0 2.3 Latin America and the Caribbean -1.8 6.2 South Asia 8.1 8.1 Sub-Saharan Africa 2.0 4.8 Source: World Bank Middle East and North Africa Little Data Book April 2012 |3 Table 2. Key Macroeconomic Indicators (Cont.) Real GDP Per Capita Growth CPI Inflation (Percent) (Percent) 2009 2010 2009 2010 0.0 2.3 3.8 4.7 -1.3 1.8 4.5 4.5 -4.9 0.6 2.2 2.4 -7.5 -3.1 2.8 2.0 -8.2 -1.1 4.0 4.0 -1.7 2.2 3.9 3.2 -4.9 6.7 -4.9 -2.4 -1.8 0.9 5.1 5.3 -14.4 -4.7 .. .. 1.6 1.6 6.9 6.5 0.9 1.8 5.7 3.9 2.3 2.1 13.5 10.1 1.2 -2.2 6.9 2.9 4.0 1.2 2.9 4.4 0.7 4.7 5.4 11.2 3.4 3.2 3.1 4.9 5.8 3.7 0.7 4.3 3.1 1.6 1.7 4.0 3.3 0.1 -0.7 5.0 7.8 6.3 1.2 4.0 3.0 3.1 5.4 5.6 2.9 3.5 11.8 11.3 3.8 2.7 1.0 1.0 2.0 2.0 3.5 4.4 0.8 1.7 4.4 6.1 6.8 6.1 … … -6.4 1.9 4.4 5.5 -2.9 5.0 5.8 6.0 6.7 6.7 … … -0.5 2.3 10.5 7.3 Middle East and North Africa Little Data Book April 2012 |4 Table 3. Government Fiscal Balance and Debt Fiscal Balance Government Gross Debt (Percent of GDP) (Percent of GDP) 2009 2010 2009 2010 Middle East and North Africa -3.7 -0.5 31.7 29.1 Oil Exporters -3.3 0.9 21.8 19.5 GCC -2.6 2.6 18.2 15.0 Bahrain -8.7 -5.2 25.4 32.0 Kuwait 19.3 16.5 7.0 5.7 Oman 2.2 6.9 8.0 5.7 Qatar 14.2 9.7 31.0 29.5 Saudi Arabia -6.1 -0.8 15.9 9.9 United Arab Emirates -12.6 -1.3 22.5 21.0 Developing Oil Exporters -4.3 -1.7 27.2 26.0 Algeria -6.8 -3.9 10.4 10.4 Iran, Islamic Republic of 1.0 1.7 8.9 11.6 Iraq -22.1 -9.1 144.1 119.6 Syrian Arab Republic -2.9 -4.8 31.4 29.7 Yemen -8.6 -7.0 49.9 40.6 Oil Importers -5.5 -6.1 71.0 70.5 Oil importers with GCC links -8.3 -4.9 111.3 105.5 Djibouti -4.6 -0.5 59.8 56.1 Jordan -8.9 -5.6 64.5 66.8 Lebanon -8.0 -4.7 146.5 134.1 Oil importers with EU links -5.0 -6.3 63.4 63.8 Egypt -6.9 -8.2 75.6 73.8 Morocco -2.2 -4.6 47.9 51.1 Tunisia -3.0 -1.3 42.8 40.4 Source: World Bank and IMF Middle East and North Africa Little Data Book April 2012 |5 Table 4. Current Account Balance and Reserves Current Account Balance Gross Official Reserves (Percent of GDP) (Billion US dollars) 2009 2010 2009 2010 Middle East and North Africa 2.3 6.0 885.4 975.0 Oil Exporters 4.2 8.7 781.2 863.9 GCC 7.4 11.6 486.3 549.2 Bahrain 1.6 3.6 3.5 4.8 Kuwait 26.3 32.0 17.7 18.7 Oman -0.6 8.2 12.2 13.1 Qatar 10.2 17.3 18.8 31.1 Saudi Arabia 6.0 8.1 408.6 443.7 United Arab Emirates 3.0 7.7 25.5 37.8 Developing Oil Exporters -0.5 4.5 294.9 314.7 Algeria 0.3 9.4 148.9 162.2 Iran, Islamic Republic of 3.0 6.0 78.0 78.9 Iraq -13.8 -3.2 44.3 50.6 Syrian Arab Republic -2.2 -5.7 17.5 17.9 Yemen -6.2 -3.4 6.2 5.1 Oil Importers -4.8 -5.1 104.2 111.1 Oil importers with GCC links -13.4 -16.3 38.7 42.8 Djibouti -9.1 -4.8 0.2 0.2 Jordan -4.7 -5.0 11.1 12.4 Lebanon -19.3 -24.1 27.4 30.2 Oil importers with EU links -3.3 -3.0 65.5 68.3 Egypt -2.3 -2.0 31.3 35.2 Morocco -5.4 -4.3 23.6 23.6 Tunisia -2.8 -4.8 10.6 9.5 Memorandum League of Arab States … … 808.9 897.6 East Asia and the Pacific … … 5,027.5 5,743.6 Europe and Central Asia … … 1,838.4 2,196.5 Latin America and the Caribbean … … 567.5 658.2 South Asia … … 317.9 340.4 Sub-Saharan Africa … … 160.1 158.5 Source: World Bank and IMF Middle East and North Africa Little Data Book April 2012 |6 Table 5. Exports of Goods and Services Exports of Goods and Services (Percent of GDP) 2009 2010 Middle East and North Africa 45.9 49.7 Oil Exporters 49.0 53.9 GCC 60.2 66.7 Bahrain 80.4 81.7 Kuwait 57.5 56.3 Oman 62.5 66.3 Qatar 49.5 63.6 Saudi Arabia 53.7 58.5 United Arab Emirates 74.9 76.4 Developing Oil Exporters 32.4 35.3 Algeria 34.5 38.6 Iran, Islamic Republic of 26.4 28.6 Iraq 63.3 66.0 Syrian Arab Republic 28.6 32.4 Yemen 28.2 30.2 Oil Importers 33.3 32.0 Oil importers with GCC links 56.9 53.8 Djibouti 38.1 31.8 Jordan 45.9 46.5 Lebanon 65.4 59.5 Oil importers with EU links 28.8 27.9 Egypt 24.9 21.3 Morocco 28.9 33.1 Tunisia 45.6 49.5 Memorandum League of Arab States 48.2 52.6 Source: World Bank Middle East and North Africa Little Data Book April 2012 |7 Table 5. Exports of Goods and Services (Cont.) Exports of Fuels Exports of Crude Oil (Percent of merchandise exports) (Percent of GDP) 2009 2010 2009 2010 46.4 46.5 18.5 18.8 85.1 85.2 20.7 21.0 80.3 80.7 23.5 23.8 68.8 68.8 0.4 0.4 93.2 93.2 29.3 29.7 79.0 81.3 28.7 32.1 72.8 72.8 22.6 21.8 87.6 87.5 35.1 39.2 … … 20.0 19.4 89.8 89.7 15.9 16.1 97.7 97.3 22.4 23.3 70.8 70.8 14.9 14.6 98.6 98.6 … … … … 5.5 7.5 92.2 92.2 … … 7.7 7.8 2.1 2.1 0.5 0.6 … … … … … … 0.6 1.1 … … 0.5 0.2 … … 15.0 15.0 2.1 2.1 28.9 29.8 2.1 2.1 2.3 1.1 … … 13.6 14.2 … … 78.1 67.0 18.7 19.1 Middle East and North Africa Little Data Book April 2012 |8 Table 6. Imports of Goods and Services Imports of Goods and Services (Percent of GDP) 2009 2010 Middle East and North Africa 41.5 31.4 Oil Exporters 42.4 28.5 GCC 44.0 27.9 Bahrain … … Kuwait 28.0 … Oman 41.5 … Qatar 31.2 … Saudi Arabia 43.1 35.4 United Arab Emirates 69.2 68.8 Developing Oil Exporters 34.7 35.8 Algeria 36.1 … Iran, Islamic Republic of … … Iraq … … Syrian Arab Republic 31.1 35.8 Yemen … … Oil Importers 39.0 36.9 Oil importers with GCC links 55.0 52.9 Djibouti … … Jordan 65.0 65.9 Lebanon 47.8 43.8 Oil importers with EU links 36.1 33.9 Egypt 31.6 26.1 Morocco 39.7 42.9 Tunisia 48.0 54.0 Memorandum League of Arab States 39.9 29.8 Source: World Bank Middle East and North Africa Little Data Book April 2012 |9 Table 6. Imports of Goods and Services (Cont.) Imports of Food Imports of Fuel (Percent of merchandise imports) (Percent of merchandise imports) 2009 2010 2009 2010 16.3 14.4 20.1 10.6 16.1 13.9 25.8 2.2 10.1 12.0 40.6 2.2 8.0 11.9 40.6 2.2 … … … … 10.9 12.3 … … … 8.2 … … 11.3 15.7 … … … … … … 22.1 15.8 11.0 2.1 16.3 16.3 1.1 2.1 … 15.4 … … … … … … … … … … 27.8 … 20.9 … 16.4 14.8 14.5 19.1 20.6 16.3 14.9 21.8 29.3 .. 6.5 .. 17.0 16.2 17.8 22.1 15.3 16.3 20.5 21.4 12.3 13.3 14.0 16.4 17.2 19.1 9.9 13.4 11.2 11.4 20.6 23.1 8.6 9.3 11.5 12.6 17.7 14.4 19.3 7.8 Middle East and North Africa Little Data Book April 2012 | 10 Table 7. Exports of Goods to Trading Blocs United States and Canada European Union Rest of the World (Percent of total) (Percent of total) (Percent of total) 2010 2010 2010 Middle East and North Africa 8.3 14.2 77.5 Oil Exporters 8.6 11.8 79.7 GCC 6.6 6.5 86.8 Bahrain 1.4 2.4 96.2 Kuwait 8.3 6.0 85.7 Oman 2.3 1.6 96.1 Qatar 0.8 13.5 85.7 Saudi Arabia 13.6 8.2 78.1 United Arab Emirates 0.7 3.4 95.9 Developing Oil Exporters 13.6 25.5 60.8 Algeria 29.4 49.1 21.5 Iran, Islamic Republic of 0.1 17.3 82.6 Iraq 28.6 17.3 54.1 Syrian Arab Republic 2.7 27.6 69.7 Yemen 2.3 4.0 93.7 Oil Importers 5.6 43.2 51.3 Oil importers with GCC links 10.0 5.8 84.2 Djibouti 0.6 2.5 96.9 Jordan 15.8 3.7 80.5 Lebanon 2.4 9.4 88.2 Oil importers with EU links 4.8 49.8 45.5 Egypt 6.4 30.2 63.4 Morocco 3.9 58.9 37.2 Tunisia 2.8 74.1 23.1 Memorandum League of Arab States 8.5 21.2 70.3 Source: IMF, Direction of Trade (Exports, fob) Middle East and North Africa Little Data Book April 2012 | 11 Table 8. Imports of Goods from Trading Blocs United States and Canada European Union Rest of the World (Percent of total) (Percent of total) (Percent of total) 2010 2010 2010 Middle East and North Africa 8.5 24.9 66.5 Oil Exporters 9.0 19.7 71.3 GCC 11.2 20.5 68.3 Bahrain 12.5 17.6 69.9 Kuwait 13.8 22.6 63.6 Oman 6.2 17.8 76.0 Qatar 17.2 34.2 48.6 Saudi Arabia 13.3 29.1 57.6 United Arab Emirates 8.2 21.0 70.8 Developing Oil Exporters 4.4 18.1 77.5 Algeria 6.0 50.5 43.4 Iran, Islamic Republic of 0.5 21.4 78.1 Iraq 7.4 12.8 79.8 Syrian Arab Republic 2.4 17.9 79.7 Yemen 4.4 13.8 81.8 Oil Importers 7.0 43.2 49.8 Oil importers with GCC links 7.6 18.8 73.6 Djibouti 5.4 7.8 86.7 Jordan 6.1 19.8 74.0 Lebanon 10.7 32.6 56.7 Oil importers with EU links 6.8 51.5 41.7 Egypt 10.2 32.3 57.5 Morocco 7.7 50.0 42.2 Tunisia 3.1 66.6 30.3 Memorandum League of Arab States 4.6 25.0 70.4 Source: IMF, Direction of Trade (Imports, cif) Middle East and North Africa Little Data Book April 2012 | 12 Table 9. Foreign Receipts Indicators Workers' Remittances Tourism Revenues (Billion US dollars) (Billion US dollars) 2009 2010 2008 2009 Middle East and North Africa 25.1 26.2 45.6 43.9 Oil Exporters 6.1 6.4 17.2 17.2 GCC 0.2 0.2 10.9 10.2 Bahrain … … 1.9 1.9 Kuwait … … 0.6 0.6 Oman … … 1.1 1.1 Qatar … … … … Saudi Arabia 0.2 0.2 7.2 6.7 United Arab Emirates Developing Oil Exporters 5.9 6.2 6.3 7.0 Algeria 2.1 2.0 0.5 0.4 Iran, Islamic Republic of 1.1 1.2 2.2 2.3 Iraq 0.1 0.1 … … Syrian Arab Republic 1.5 1.6 3.2 3.8 Yemen 1.2 1.2 0.5 0.5 Oil Importers 19.0 19.8 28.4 26.7 Oil importers with GCC links 11.2 8.8 9.9 10.6 Djibouti 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Jordan 3.6 3.6 3.5 3.5 Lebanon 7.6 5.1 6.3 7.2 Oil importers with EU links 15.4 16.1 24.9 23.3 Egypt 7.1 7.7 12.1 11.8 Morocco 6.3 6.4 8.9 8.0 Tunisia 2.0 2.0 3.9 3.5 Memorandum League of Arab States 26.2 27.0 43.8 42.0 East Asia and the Pacific 86.0 92.0 103.4 94.0 Europe and Central Asia 36.1 36.0 68.0 59.4 Latin America and the Caribbean 307.5 320.8 307.4 282.3 South Asia 56.6 57.3 54.9 50.4 Sub-Saharan Africa 75.1 82.2 15.4 14.4 Source: World Bank Middle East and North Africa Little Data Book April 2012 | 13 Table 9. Foreign Receipts Indicators (Cont.) Net Official Development Foreign Direct Investment Assistance (Billion US dollars) (Billion US dollars) 2009 2010 2008 2009 74.5 70.1 14.2 7.2 57.1 57.4 10.7 4.2 48.0 47.5 … 0.2 1.8 0.3 … … 0.0 1.1 … … 3.0 1.5 … 0.2 3.8 8.1 … … 39.5 36.5 … … 9.1 9.9 10.7 3.9 2.6 2.8 0.3 0.3 1.6 3.0 0.1 0.1 1.9 1.5 9.9 2.8 1.5 2.6 0.1 0.2 1.6 0.1 0.3 0.5 17.4 12.7 3.5 3.1 7.4 7.3 1.9 1.6 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.2 2.8 2.4 0.7 0.8 4.3 4.8 1.1 0.6 14.6 10.3 2.7 2.3 9.5 6.7 1.3 0.9 2.5 2.0 1.1 0.9 2.6 1.6 0.3 0.5 75.9 69.8 17.6 10.4 214.2 137.5 9.0 10.3 162.2 85.9 7.2 8.1 630.6 404.0 126.6 127.2 130.0 78.4 9.3 9.1 51.1 39.4 12.3 14.6 Middle East and North Africa Little Data Book April 2012 | 14 Table 10. Health Indicators Malnutrition Prevalence, Life Expectancy at Birth Mortality Rate, Infant Fertility Rate, Total Weight for Age (Years) (Per 1,000 live births) (Births per woman) (% of children under 5) 2009 2009 2009 Recent available year Middle East and North Africa 73.2 19.7 2.6 12.4 Oil Exporters 73.2 20.5 2.4 15.1 GCC 76.8 8.8 2.2 8.0 Bahrain 74.9 8.9 2.6 8.7 Kuwait 74.5 9.6 2.3 1.7 Oman 71.6 31.7 2.3 17.8 Qatar 73.0 8.4 2.4 5.5 Saudi Arabia 77.9 7.0 2.3 … United Arab Emirates 76.4 6.4 1.8 7.0 Developing Oil Exporters 72.4 23.2 2.5 15.7 Algeria 72.6 32.0 2.3 10.4 Iran, Islamic Republic of 72.5 22.8 1.7 10.9 Iraq 68.1 31.9 4.8 15.9 Syrian Arab Republic 73.6 15.5 2.9 6.9 Yemen 76.4 6.4 1.8 45.6 Oil Importers 73.3 18.4 2.8 8.3 Oil importers with GCC links 71.5 23.5 3.0 5.0 Djibouti 57.1 74.1 3.8 18.2 Jordan 73.2 18.9 3.8 4.4 Lebanon 72.2 19.4 1.8 3.0 Oil importers with EU links 73.4 18.0 2.8 8.6 Egypt 72.7 20.0 2.8 8.6 Morocco 74.5 14.0 2.6 10.2 Tunisia 75.6 14.3 3.0 4.0 Memorandum League of Arab States 73.5 18.8 2.8 15.9 East Asia and the Pacific 64.6 58.7 5.3 4.8 Europe and Central Asia 71.9 20.8 1.8 7.3 Latin America and the Caribbean 70.2 19.6 1.8 45.3 South Asia 73.9 18.6 2.3 29.4 Sub-Saharan Africa 65.0 52.9 2.8 25.6 Source: World Bank Middle East and North Africa Little Data Book April 2012 | 15 Table 11. Education Indicators Adult Literacy Youth Literacy Gross Primary Gross Secondary Rate Rate School Enrollment School Enrollment (Percent of (Percent of (Percent school (Percent school age people ages people ages 15- age population) population) 15+) 24) Recent Recent available Recent available Recent available available years years years years Middle East and North Africa 72.2 88.9 101.5 83.3 Oil Exporters 74.5 92.2 100.3 82.3 GCC 82.7 96.1 97.3 70.4 Bahrain 86.5 97.0 119.5 102.1 Kuwait 93.3 99.7 96.4 88.7 Oman 81.4 97.3 82.5 88.6 Qatar 89.0 95.9 104.6 101.2 Saudi Arabia 79.4 95.9 100.0 70.0 United Arab Emirates 90.0 95.0 87.3 45.6 Developing Oil Exporters 72.6 91.3 101.0 85.0 Algeria 69.9 90.1 110.5 80.0 Iran, Islamic Republic of 77.0 99.0 117.8 98.5 Iraq 74.1 84.8 44.8 98.5 Syrian Arab Republic 79.6 92.2 126.2 69.6 Yemen 55.0 77.0 87.3 45.6 Oil Importers 68.4 83.2 103.5 85.0 Oil importers with GCC links 87.2 97.6 91.6 80.6 Djibouti 67.9 … 44.1 22.4 Jordan 89.9 99.1 96.7 88.7 Lebanon 87.4 95.4 94.3 81.4 Oil importers with EU links 66.7 82.0 104.5 85.4 Egypt 71.4 84.9 103.5 98.5 Morocco 52.3 70.5 106.0 52.4 Tunisia 74.3 94.3 108.3 84.9 Memorandum League of Arab States 71.6 87.2 92.9 55.9 East Asia and the Pacific 93.5 98.7 111.1 76.0 Europe and Central Asia 97.9 99.2 98.4 89.1 Latin America and the Caribbean 91.1 97.0 116.8 89.6 South Asia 61.1 78.7 110.5 55.0 Sub-Saharan Africa 62.3 71.9 99.9 36.0 Source: World Bank Middle East and North Africa Little Data Book April 2012 | 16 Table 12. Gender Indicators Life Expectancy Mortality Rate, Adult Literacy Rate, Adult Literacy Rate, at Birth, Female Female Female Youth Female (per 1,000 female (% of females ages 15 (% of females (Years) adults) and above) ages 15-24) 2009 2009 2009 2009 Middle East and North Africa 73.9 98.8 62.1 87.6 Oil exporters 73.6 104.2 64.9 91.0 GCC 75.4 87.0 76.7 97.0 Bahrain 75.6 74.5 90.2 100.0 Kuwait 75.4 63.0 84.7 99.0 Oman 75.3 78.8 39.6 98.0 Qatar 77.6 60.3 92.9 97.9 Saudi Arabia 74.8 97.3 81.1 96.5 United Arab Emirates 77.3 67.8 65.3 … Developing oil exporters 73.1 108.1 62.2 89.8 Algeria 74.1 104.2 64.0 89.0 Iran, Islamic Rep. 74.4 89.0 59.4 99.0 Iraq 71.9 116.3 69.9 80.4 Syrian Arab Republic 77.1 75.2 78.0 93.0 Yemen, Rep. 66.1 191.1 44.7 72.2 Oil importers 74.5 89.7 57.2 82.0 Oil importers with GCC links 73.2 116.3 75.3 99.0 Djibouti 58.6 284.2 … … Jordan 74.6 100.9 64.2 99.0 Lebanon 74.4 103.1 91.0 99.0 Oil importers with EU links 74.6 87.3 55.7 80.6 Egypt 74.7 87.0 58.0 82.0 Morocco 73.9 93.5 43.9 72.1 Tunisia 76.5 70.5 73.6 96.0 Memorandum League of Arab States 71.7 122.7 60.7 81.8 East Asia and the Pacific 73.8 107.4 90.7 98.6 Europe and Central Asia 74.8 .. 96.9 99.0 Latin America and the Caribbean 77.0 100.3 90.3 97.3 South Asia 66.3 167.9 49.7 72.3 Sub-Saharan Africa 54.8 349.0 53.7 67.2 Source: World Bank Note: Regional and sub regional aggregates are weighted by population except for female labor share by female labor force. Middle East and North Africa Little Data Book April 2012 | 17 Table 12. Gender Indicators (Cont.) School School Enrollment, Ratio of Female Labor Force, Proportion of Seats enrollment, Secondary, to Male Primary Female Held by Women in Primary, Female Female Enrollment National Parliament (Percent of (Percent gross) (Percent gross) (Percent) total labor (Percent) force) 2009 2009 2009 2009 2009 105.4 85.8 96.5 24.6 7.6 107.2 85.6 97.6 24.7 8.8 102.3 93.2 98.1 16.5 16.7 … … … 17.9 2.5 … … … 24.7 7.7 103.6 99.8 97.0 17.7 … 106.0 99.7 99.2 12.4 … 102.0 92.2 98.1 16.5 … … … … 14.5 22.5 108.4 83.7 97.5 27.1 8.3 106.7 95.8 93.9 31.7 7.7 107.8 81.1 99.3 29.8 2.8 … … … 17.0 25.5 113.8 72.4 97.3 20.8 12.4 … … … 21.4 0.3 103.2 87.9 95.0 24.3 5.8 92.1 77.3 96.4 26.0 5.7 51.4 25.5 89.2 44.1 13.8 … … … 22.9 6.4 100.5 88.1 97.9 25.1 3.1 103.6 93.1 94.9 24.2 5.9 103.3 … 95.6 23.0 1.8 103.6 … 92.7 25.9 10.5 106.5 93.1 96.1 26.8 22.8 98.7 72.5 94.7 24.6 10.3 111.8 78.0 101.1 43.8 18.3 97.8 87.3 98.8 45.6 14.8 114.8 93.1 96.7 40.4 23.1 .. 51.1 .. 28.9 20.1 95.5 31.8 91.6 43.5 18.4 Middle East and North Africa Little Data Book April 2012 | 18 Table 13. Unemployment Rates Unemployment Youth Unemployment, Unemployment, Rate Unemployment Female Male (Percent) (Percent of labor (Percent of female (Percent of male force ages 15-24) labor force) labor force) Recent available Recent available Recent available Recent available year year year year Middle East and North Africa 10.6 22.4 17.7 9.0 Oil Exporters 9.5 22.3 17.0 8.4 GCC 4.4 20.7 10.9 2.6 Bahrain 6.0 20.0 11.0 4.0 Kuwait 2.0 11.0 2.0 2.0 Oman … … … … Qatar 2.0 2.0 3.0 0.0 Saudi Arabia 5.0 28.0 13.0 4.0 United Arab Emirates 4.0 12.0 12.0 … Developing Oil Exporters 11.1 22.8 18.0 10.2 Algeria 11.0 24.0 10.0 11.0 Iran, Islamic Republic of 11.0 23.0 17.0 9.0 Iraq … … 23.0 16.0 Syrian Arab Republic 8.0 19.0 26.0 5.0 Yemen 15.0 … 41.0 12.0 Oil Importers 12.3 22.6 18.9 10.1 Oil importers with GCC links 42.2 9.6 49.5 38.7 Djibouti 60.0 … 69.0 55.0 Jordan 13.0 27.0 24.0 10.0 Lebanon 9.0 22.0 10.0 9.0 Oil importers with EU links 9.7 23.6 16.1 7.7 Egypt 9.0 25.0 19.0 6.0 Morocco 10.0 18.0 10.0 10.0 Tunisia 14.0 31.0 17.0 13.0 Memorandum League of Arab States 11.9 21.6 21.7 9.4 East Asia and the Pacific 4.6 … … … Europe and Central Asia 7.8 17.0 7.1 7.8 Latin America and the Caribbean 6.8 14.2 8.8 5.3 South Asia 4.5 10.6 5.6 4.1 Sub-Saharan Africa … … … … Source: World Bank Note: Regional and sub regional aggregates are weighted by corresponding labor force. Middle East and North Africa Little Data Book April 2012 | 19 Table 14. Doing Business Indicators Starting a Business Starting a Business Starting a Business Starting a Business Procedures Time Cost Paid-in Min. Capital (Percent of income per (Percent of income per (Number) (Days) capita) capita) 2011 2011 2011 2011 Middle East and North Africa 7.7 17.4 35.7 77.5 Oil Exporters 7.9 20.1 25.3 75.1 GCC 7.0 13.2 4.1 111.2 Bahrain 7.0 9.0 0.7 259.8 Kuwait 12.0 32.0 1.2 71.8 Oman 5.0 8.0 3.1 271.7 Qatar 8.0 12.0 8.3 64.0 Saudi Arabia 3.0 5.0 5.9 0.0 United Arab Emirates 7.0 13.0 5.6 0.0 Developing Oil Exporters 8.8 27.0 46.5 38.9 Algeria 14.0 25.0 12.1 30.6 Iran, Islamic Republic of 6.0 8.0 3.8 0.7 Iraq 11.0 77.0 115.7 35.5 Syrian Arab Republic 7.0 13.0 17.1 127.7 Yemen 6.0 12.0 83.8 0.0 Oil Importers 7.5 14.7 46.1 80.0 Oil importers with GCC links 7.7 19.3 83.6 156.4 Djibouti 11.0 37.0 169.8 434.0 Jordan 7.0 12.0 13.9 0.0 Lebanon 5.0 9.0 67.1 35.3 Oil importers with EU links 7.3 10.0 8.5 3.6 Egypt 6.0 7.0 5.6 0.0 Morocco 6.0 12.0 15.7 10.7 Tunisia 10.0 11.0 4.2 0.0 Memorandum League of Arab States 8.8 25.8 46.5 64.2 East Asia and the Pacific 7.0 37.0 22.7 20.1 Europe and Central Asia 6.0 16.0 8.3 10.0 Latin America and the Caribbean 9.0 54.0 37.3 4.3 South Asia 7.0 23.0 21.6 19.1 Sub-Saharan Africa 8.0 37.0 81.2 129.8 Source: Doing Business, World Bank. Note: Regional and sub regional aggregates are simple averages. Middle East and North Africa Little Data Book April 2012 | 20 Table 15. Communication and Energy Indicators Fixed Line and Mobile Personal Access to Electricity Internet Users Phone Subscribers Computers (Percent of population) (Per 100 people) (Per 100 people) (Per 100 people) 2009 2009 2009 2009 Middle East and North Africa 93.5 97.1 7.9 21.0 Oil exporters 90.3 103.2 11.3 16.3 GCC 99.2 176.4 17.7 45.5 Bahrain 99.4 140.2 18.3 53.0 Kuwait 100.0 167.4 … 36.9 Oman 98.0 157.5 7.1 51.5 Qatar 98.7 140.0 19.1 43.0 Saudi Arabia 99.0 182.9 14.8 38.0 United Arab Emirates 100.0 176.6 33.0 75.0 Developing oil exporters 88.3 86.4 8.7 9.6 Algeria 99.3 101.0 … 11.2 Iran, Islamic Rep. 98.4 107.1 10.6 11.1 Iraq 86.0 67.0 … 1.0 Syrian Arab Republic 92.7 69.1 6.7 13.8 Yemen, Rep. 39.6 39.9 2.8 10.0 Oil importers 99.0 86.9 4.4 29.0 Oil importers with GCC links 99.9 89.7 8.2 23.6 Djibouti 16.7 … 4.0 Jordan 99.9 110.2 6.7 26.5 Lebanon 99.9 76.1 10.4 23.7 Oil importers with EU links 98.9 86.7 4.1 29.5 Egypt, Arab Rep. 99.6 82.4 4.3 24.3 Morocco 97.0 91.1 3.0 41.3 Tunisia 99.5 106.1 6.3 33.8 Memorandum League of Arab States 81.6 84.6 7.3 19.8 East Asia and the Pacific 90.8 81.0 … 24.0 Europe and Central Asia 145.9 … 28.4 Latin America and the Caribbean 93.4 107.2 … 30.7 South Asia 62.1 48.4 … 6.3 Sub-Saharan Africa 32.5 39.2 … 9.3 Source: World Bank Notes: Regional and sub regional aggregates are weighted by population. Middle East and North Africa Little Data Book April 2012 | 21 Table 16. Water and Environment Indicators Improved Sanitation Improved Water Source CO2 Emissions Energy Use Facilities (Percent of population (Percent of population (Metric tons per (Kg of oil equivalent per with access) with access) capita) capita) 2008 2008 2008 2008 Middle East and North Africa 87.6 84.3 5.6 2022.1 Oil exporters 80.5 81.5 7.5 2739.0 GCC 97.3 98.2 20.0 7225.9 Bahrain 21.4 8784.7 Kuwait 99.0 100.0 30.1 10935.1 Oman 88.0 17.3 6235.4 Qatar 100.0 100.0 49.1 16513.3 Saudi Arabia 16.6 5888.2 United Arab Emirates 100.0 97.0 25.0 9409.7 Developing oil exporters 78.5 79.9 4.7 1737.1 Algeria 83.0 95.0 3.2 1083.4 Iran, Islamic Rep. 7.4 2862.7 Iraq 79.0 73.0 3.4 1138.9 Syrian Arab Republic 89.0 96.0 3.6 1291.5 Yemen, Rep. 62.0 52.0 1.0 320.2 Oil importers 94.1 87.0 2.5 820.7 Oil importers with GCC links 97.2 92.6 3.6 1153.7 Djibouti 92.0 56.0 0.6 Jordan 96.0 98.0 3.7 1220.3 Lebanon 100.0 4.1 1298.1 Oil importers with EU links 93.9 86.7 2.4 790.7 Egypt, Arab Rep. 99.0 94.0 2.7 902.8 Morocco 81.0 69.0 1.5 478.0 Tunisia 94.0 85.0 2.4 889.4 Memorandum League of Arab States 81.4 74.7 4.4 1552.5 East Asia and the Pacific 87.9 59.0 4.3 1371.6 Europe and Central Asia 95.5 89.0 7.7 3058.5 Latin America and the Caribbean 93.4 79.4 2.8 1281.4 South Asia 86.6 35.6 1.3 498.1 Sub-Saharan Africa 59.7 31.4 0.8 709.5 Source: World Bank Notes: Regional and sub regional aggregates are weighted by population. Middle East and North Africa Little Data Book April 2012 | 22 Table 17. Poverty Indicators Percent of population below $1.25 a day 1996 1999 2002 2005 2008 East Asia and Pacific 35.9 35.6 27.6 17.1 14.3 China 36.4 35.6 28.4 16.3 13.1 Eastern Europe and Central Asia 3.9 3.8 2.3 1.3 0.5 Latin America and the Caribbean 11.1 11.9 11.9 8.7 6.5 Middle East and North Africa 4.8 5.0 4.2 3.5 2.7 South Asia 48.6 45.1 44.3 39.4 36.0 Sub-Saharan Africa 58.1 58.0 55.7 52.3 47.5 Number of people (in millions) below $1.25 a day 1996 1999 2002 2005 2008 East Asia and Pacific 639.7 655.6 523.1 332.1 284.4 China 442.8 446.3 363.1 211.9 173.0 Eastern Europe and Central Asia 18.2 17.8 10.6 6.3 2.2 Latin America and the Caribbean 53.6 60.1 62.7 47.6 36.8 Middle East and North Africa 12.3 13.6 12.0 10.5 8.6 South Asia 630.8 619.5 640.5 598.3 570.9 Sub-Saharan Africa 349.4 376.8 390.4 394.9 386.0 Percent of population below $2.00 a day 1996 1999 2002 2005 2008 East Asia and Pacific 64.0 61.7 51.9 39.0 33.2 China 65.1 61.4 51.2 36.9 29.8 Eastern Europe and Central Asia 11.2 12.1 7.9 4.6 2.2 Latin America and the Caribbean 21.0 22.0 22.2 16.7 12.4 Middle East and North Africa 22.2 22.0 19.7 17.4 13.9 South Asia 80.7 77.8 77.4 73.4 70.9 Sub-Saharan Africa 77.5 77.5 76.1 74.1 69.2 Number of people (in millions) below $2.00 a day 1996 1999 2002 2005 2008 East Asia and Pacific 1139.9 1137.6 983.9 757.5 659.2 China 792.1 769.7 654.9 481.6 394.6 Eastern Europe and Central Asia 52.8 57.0 37.2 21.7 10.4 Latin America and the Caribbean 101.7 111.4 117.6 91.7 70.5 Middle East and North Africa 57.1 59.8 56.8 52.7 44.4 South Asia 1047.3 1068.8 1119.7 1113.1 1124.6 Sub-Saharan Africa 466.0 503.3 533.3 559.1 562.3 Source: POVCAL Net, World Bank Percent of population below $1.25 a day 1996 1999 2002 2005 2008 Algeria 7.8 8.2 5.3 3.6 2.7 Djibouti 22.4 21.6 18.8 17.1 13.8 Egypt 2.5 2.2 1.9 2.0 1.7 Iran 1.7 1.8 1.7 1.5 0.9 Iraq 10.3 9.5 7.0 4.8 2.2 Jordan 2.1 1.6 1.0 0.4 0.1 Morocco 4.9 8.9 5.6 3.5 2.1 Syria 1.3 2.3 3.6 0.8 0.3 Tunisia 5.7 3.2 2.0 1.4 0.8 Yemen 16.4 14.1 15.9 17.5 17.1 Source: POVCAL Net, World Bank Middle East and North Africa Little Data Book April 2012 | 23 Table 18. Millennium Development Goals, MENA 1990 1995 2000 2005 2009 Goal 1: Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger Employment to population ratio, 15+, total (%) 43 43 43 44 45 Employment to population ratio, ages 15-24, total (%) 28 28 28 29 29 GDP per person employed (constant 1990 PPP $) 10,927 10,755 10,999 11,465 12,157 Income share held by lowest 20% .. .. .. .. .. Malnutrition prevalence, weight for age (% of children under 5) .. .. 7 .. 7 Poverty gap at $1.25 a day (PPP) (%) 1 1 1 1 .. Poverty headcount ratio at $1.25 a day (PPP) (% of population) 4 4 4 4 .. Vulnerable employment, total (% of total employment) .. .. .. .. 37 Goal 2: Achieve universal primary education Literacy rate, youth female (% of females ages 15-24) 67 .. 80 .. 87 Literacy rate, youth male (% of males ages 15-24) 84 .. 90 .. 93 Persistence to last grade of primary, total (% of cohort) .. .. 93 85 .. Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) .. .. 83 92 88 Total enrollment, primary (% net) .. .. 87 92 91 Goal 3: Promote gender equality and empower women Proportion of seats held by women in national parliaments (%) 4 4 4 7 9 Ratio of female to male primary enrollment (%) 82 .. 89 91 93 Ratio of female to male secondary enrollment (%) 75 .. 90 93 93 Ratio of female to male tertiary enrollment (%) 55 .. 76 91 97 Share of women employed in the nonagricultural sector (% of total .. 17.5 16.0 17.8 .. nonagricultural employment) Goal 4: Reduce child mortality Immunization, measles (% of children ages 12-23 months) 83 84 90 87 89 Mortality rate, infant (per 1,000 live births) 56 47 39 32 28 Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000) 74 60 49 40 35 Goal 5: Improve maternal health Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15-19) .. 47 43 40 38 Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) 47 .. 77 .. 80 Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15-49) 42 .. 61 .. 62 Maternal mortality ratio (modeled estimate, per 100,000 live births) 210 160 120 98 88 Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%) .. .. .. .. 83 Unmet need for contraception (% of married women ages 15-49) .. .. .. .. .. Middle East and North Africa Little Data Book April 2012 | 24 Table 18. Millennium Development Goals, MENA (Cont.) 1990 1995 2000 2005 2009 Goal 6: Combat HIV/AIDS, malaria, and other diseases Children with fever receiving antimalarial drugs (% of children under age 5 with .. .. .. .. .. fever) Condom use, population ages 15-24, female (% of females ages 15-24) .. .. .. .. .. Condom use, population ages 15-24, male (% of males ages 15-24) .. .. .. .. .. Incidence of tuberculosis (per 100,000 people) 61 61 54 47 42 Prevalence of HIV, female (% ages 15-24) .. .. .. .. 0.1 Prevalence of HIV, male (% ages 15-24) .. .. .. .. 0.1 Prevalence of HIV, total (% of population ages 15-49) 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 Tuberculosis case detection rate (%, all forms) 59 69 72 70 73 Goal 7: Ensure environmental sustainability CO2 emissions (kg per PPP $ of GDP) 1 1 1 1 1 CO2 emissions (metric tons per capita) 3 3 3 4 4 Forest area (% of land area) 2.4 .. 2.4 2.4 2.4 Improved sanitation facilities (% of population with access) 73 76 80 83 84 Improved water source (% of population with access) 87 87 88 87 87 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 1 1 1 2 2 Net ODA received per capita (current US$) 46 22 16 93 42 Goal 8: Develop a global partnership for development Debt service (PPG and IMF only, % of exports, excluding workers' remittances) .. .. 12 10 6 Internet users (per 100 people) 0.0 0.0 0.9 8.3 17.7 Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) 0 0 2 22 72 Telephone lines (per 100 people) 3 5 9 14 16 Fertility rate, total (births per woman) 5 4 3 3 3 Source: World Bank Middle East and North Africa Little Data Book April 2012 | 25 Table 19. Millennium Development Goals, Others EAP ECA LAC SA SSA World 2009 2009 2009 2009 2009 2009 Goal 1: Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger Employment to population ratio, 15+, total (%) 69 53 61 56 65 61 Employment to population ratio, ages 15-24, total (%) 52 33 44 42 49 45 GDP per person employed (constant 1990 PPP $) 10,327 18,152 17,390 7,255 3,272 17,307 Income share held by lowest 20% .. .. .. .. .. .. Malnutrition prevalence, weight for age (% of children under 5) 9 .. 4 42 25 21 Poverty gap at $1.25 a day (PPP) (%) .. .. .. .. .. .. Poverty headcount ratio at $1.25 a day (PPP) (% of population) .. .. .. .. .. .. Vulnerable employment, total (% of total employment) .. 18 30 .. .. .. Goal 2: Achieve universal primary education Literacy rate, youth female (% of females ages 15-24) 99 99 97 72 67 87 Literacy rate, youth male (% of males ages 15-24) 99 99 97 85 77 92 Persistence to last grade of primary, total (% of cohort) .. 96 .. .. .. .. Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) 97 95 102 86 67 88 Total enrollment, primary (% net) 94 94 95 91 76 90 Goal 3: Promote gender equality and empower women Proportion of seats held by women in national parliaments (%) 18 15 23 20 18 19 Ratio of female to male primary enrollment (%) 101 99 97 95 92 96 Ratio of female to male secondary enrollment (%) 105 96 108 88 79 97 Ratio of female to male tertiary enrollment (%) 108 122 126 69 63 108 Share of women employed in the nonagricultural sector (% of total .. 48.3 41.2 .. .. .. nonagricultural employment) Goal 4: Reduce child mortality Immunization, measles (% of children ages 12-23 months) 94 96 94 77 73 84 Mortality rate, infant (per 1,000 live births) 21 20 19 53 78 42 Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000) 26 24 22 69 124 59 Goal 5: Improve maternal health Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15-19) 19 28 73 75 110 54 Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) 89 97 89 47 44 65 Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15-49) 77 69 75 51 21 61 Maternal mortality ratio (modeled estimate, per 100,000 live births) 89 34 86 290 650 260 Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%) 91 .. 95 70 71 82 Unmet need for contraception (% of married women ages 15-49) .. .. .. 15 .. .. Middle East and North Africa Little Data Book April 2012 | 26 Table 19. Millennium Development Goals, Others (Cont.) EAP ECA LAC SA SSA World 2009 2009 2009 2009 2009 2009 Goal 6: Combat HIV/AIDS, malaria, and other diseases Children with fever receiving antimalarial drugs (% of children under age 5 with .. .. .. 7 35 .. fever) Condom use, population ages 15-24, female (% of females ages 15-24) .. .. .. 6 19 .. Condom use, population ages 15-24, male (% of males ages 15-24) .. .. .. 15 36 .. Incidence of tuberculosis (per 100,000 people) 125 91 45 196 275 130 Prevalence of HIV, female (% ages 15-24) .. 0.2 .. 0.1 3.8 0.7 Prevalence of HIV, male (% ages 15-24) .. 0.1 .. 0.1 1.5 0.4 Prevalence of HIV, total (% of population ages 15-49) 0.2 0.6 0.5 0.3 5.5 0.8 Tuberculosis case detection rate (%, all forms) 76 76 73 59 61 66 Goal 7: Ensure environmental sustainability CO2 emissions (kg per PPP $ of GDP) 1 1 0 0 0 0 CO2 emissions (metric tons per capita) 4 8 3 1 1 5 Forest area (% of land area) 29.6 38.6 47.0 17.1 28.0 31.1 Improved sanitation facilities (% of population with access) 59 89 79 36 31 61 Improved water source (% of population with access) 88 95 93 87 60 87 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 1 9 13 2 5 9 Net ODA received per capita (current US$) 5 20 16 9 54 19 Goal 8: Develop a global partnership for development Debt service (PPG and IMF only, % of exports, excluding workers' remittances) 2 5 7 4 4 .. Internet users (per 100 people) 24.0 28.4 30.7 6.3 9.3 26.8 Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) 61 120 89 45 38 69 Telephone lines (per 100 people) 20 26 18 3 2 18 Fertility rate, total (births per woman) 2 2 2 3 5 2 Source: World Bank Middle East and North Africa Little Data Book April 2012 | 27 Glossary Indicators Access to electricity refers to the number of people with access to electricity (both on-grid and off-grid) as a percentage of the total population. Adult female literacy is the percentage of women ages 15 and above who can, with understanding, read and write a short, simple statement about their everyday lives. Adult literacy rate is the percentage of people ages 15 and above who can, with understanding, read and write a short, simple statement on their everyday lives. CO2 emissions are carbon dioxide emissions stemming from the burning of fossil fuels and the manufacture of cement. They include contributions to the carbon dioxide produced during consumption of solid, liquid, and gas fuels and gas flaring. CPI inflation rates are measured by the consumer price index and reflect the annual percentage change in the cost to the average consumer of acquiring a basket of goods and services that may be fixed or changed at specified intervals, such as yearly. The Laspeyres formula is generally used. Energy use refers to apparent consumption, which is equal to indigenous production plus imports and stock exchanges, minus exports and fuels supplied to ships and aircraft engaged in international transport. Exports of goods and services are the value of all goods and non-factor services provided to the rest of the world. Exports of goods and services include the value of merchandise, freight, insurance, transport, travel, royalties, license fees, and other services, such as communication, construction, financial, information, business, personal, and government services. They exclude labor and property income (formally called factor services) as well as transfer payments. Food imports comprises the commodities in SITC sections 0 (food and live animals), 1 (beverages and tobacco), and 4 Middle East and North Africa Little Data Book April 2012 | 28 Glossary (animal and vegetable oils and fats) and SITC division 22 (oil seeds, oil nuts, and oil kernels). Foreign direct investment, is the inflow of investment to acquire a lasting management interest (10 percent or more of voting stock) in an enterprise operating in an economy other than that of the investor. It is the sum of equity capital, reinvestment of earnings, other long-term capital, and short- term capital as shown in the balance of payments. Fuel exports comprise SITC section 3 (mineral fuels). Fuels imports comprise the commodities in SITC section 3 (mineral fuels). GDP growth rates Annual percentage growth rate of GDP at market prices based on constant local currency. Aggregates are based on constant 2000 U.S. dollars. GDP is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. GDP in current US dollars, at purchaser’s prices, is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. Dollar figures for GDP are converted from domestic currencies using single year official exchange rates. Gross primary school enrollment is the ratio of total enrollment, regardless of age, to the population of the age group that officially corresponds to the level of education shown. Primary education provides children with basic reading, writing, and mathematic skills along with elementary understanding of such subjects as history, geography, natural science, social science, art and music. Middle East and North Africa Little Data Book April 2012 | 29 Glossary Gross school enrollment, primary, female is the ratio of female enrollment, regardless of age, to the female population of the age group that officially corresponds to the level of education shown. Primary education provides children with basic reading, writing, and mathematics skills along with an elementary understanding or such subjects as history, geography, natural science, social science, art and music. Gross school enrollment, secondary, female is the ratio of female enrollment, regardless of age, to the female population of the age group that officially corresponds to the level of education shown. Secondary education completes the provision of basic education that began at primary level, and aims at laying the foundations for lifelong learning and human development by offering more subject- and skill-oriented instruction using more specialized teachers. Gross secondary school enrollment is the ratio of total enrollment, regardless of age, to the population of the age group that officially corresponds to the level of education shown. Secondary education completes the provision of basic education that began at the primary level, and aims at laying the foundations for lifelong learning and human development by offering more subject- or skill-oriented instruction using more specialized teachers. Imports of goods and services are the value of all goods and non-factor services received from the rest of the world as a share of GDP. Imports of goods and services include the value of merchandise, freight, insurance, transport, travel, royalties, license fees, and other services, such as communication, construction, financial, information, business, personal, and government services. They exclude labor and property income (formally called factor services) as well as transfer payments. Improved sanitation facilities refers to the percentage of the population with at least adequate excreta disposal facilities (private or shared, but not public) that can effectively prevent human, animal, and insect contact with excreta. Improved facilities range from simple but protected pit latrines to flush Middle East and North Africa Little Data Book April 2012 | 30 Glossary toilets with sewerage connection. To be effective, facilities must be correctly constructed and properly maintained. Improved water source refers to the percentage of the population with reasonable access to an adequate amount of water from an improved source, such as a household connection, public standpipe, borehole, protected well or spring, and rainwater collection. Unimproved sources include vendors, tanker trucks, and unprotected wells and springs. Reasonable access is defined as availability of at least 20 liters a person a day from a source within one kilometer of the dwelling. Infant mortality rate is the number of infants dying before reaching one year of age, per 1,000 live births in a given year. Internal freshwater resources per capita refer to internal renewable resources, which include internal flows of rivers and groundwater from rainfall in the country. It does not include net river flows from other countries. Internet users are people with access to the worldwide network. For more details, see the International Telecommunication Union World Telecommunication Development Report. Labor force comprises people ages 15-64 who meet the International Labor Organization definition of the economically active population (all people who supply labor for the production of goods and services during a specified period). It includes both the employed and unemployed. While national practices vary in the treatment of such groups as the armed forces and seasonal and part-time workers, in general the labor force includes armed forces, the unemployed and first- time job seekers but excludes homemakers, other unpaid caregivers, and workers in the informal sector. Labor force, female is the number of females ages 15-64 in the labor force divided by the total labor force ages 15-64. Middle East and North Africa Little Data Book April 2012 | 31 Glossary Life expectancy at birth for females indicates the number of years a newborn girl would live if prevailing patterns of mortality at the time of birth were to stay the same throughout her life. Life expectancy at birth indicates the number of years a newborn infant would live if prevailing patterns of mortality at the time of birth were to stay the same throughout the course of his or her life. Malnutrition prevalence, weight for age is the percentage of children under 5 years of age whose weight for age is more than two standard deviations below the median reference standard for their age as established by the World Health Organization, the US Center for Disease Control and Prevention, and the US National Center for Health Statistics. Figures are based on children under age three, four, or five, depending on country sources. Maternal mortality ratio is the number of women who die during pregnancy and childbirth per 100,000 live births. The data are estimated using a regression model that takes into account information on fertility, birth attendants, and HIV prevalence. Merchandise exports represent the f.o.b. value of goods provided to the rest of the world. Mobile phones refers to users of portable telephones subscribing to an automatic public mobile telephone service using cellular technology that provides access to the public switched telephone network. Net official development assistance (ODA) consists of disbursements of loans made on concessional terms (net of repayments of principal) and grants by official agencies of the members of the Development Assistance Committee (DAC), by multilateral institutions, and by non-DAC countries to promote economic development and welfare in countries and territories in the DAC list of ODA recipients. It includes loans with a grant element of at least 25 percent (calculated at a rate of discount of 10 percent). Middle East and North Africa Little Data Book April 2012 | 32 Glossary Non-oil merchandise exports refers to the share of total merchandise exports made up by exports of goods included under SITC section 3. Per capita GDP at current US dollars is Gross Domestic Product (GDP) divided by midyear population. GDP is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. Data are in current U.S. dollars. Per capita GDP growth rates Annual percentage growth rate of GDP per capita based on constant local currency. GDP per capita is gross domestic product divided by midyear population. GDP at purchaser's prices is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. Personal computers are self-contained computers designed to be used by a single individual. For more details, see the International Telecommunication Union World Telecommunication Development Report. Population growth rates are calculated from population totals using an exponential growth rate equation, and reflect the average annual rate for the period indicated. Population is based on the de facto definition of population, which counts all residents regardless of legal status except refugees not permanently settled in the country of asylum. Proportion of seats held by women in national parliament is the percentage of parliamentary seats in a single or lower chamber of the legislature occupied by women. Middle East and North Africa Little Data Book April 2012 | 33 Glossary Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary schools is the percentage of girls to boys enrolled at primary and secondary levels in public and private schools. Starting a business indicators identify the bureaucratic and legal hurdles an entrepreneur must overcome to incorporate and register a new firm. They examine the procedures, time, and cost involved in launching a commercial or industrial firm with up to 50 employees and start-up capital of 10 times the economy's per capita gross national income. Total fertility rate is the number of children that would be born to a woman if she were to live to the end of her childbearing years and bear children in accordance with prevailing age-specific fertility rates. Tourism receipts are expenditures by international inbound visitors, including payments to national carriers for international transport. These receipts should include any other prepayment made for goods and services received in the destination country. They also may include receipts from same-day visitors, except in cases where these are so important as to justify a separate classification. Workers’ remittances are current transfers by migrants who are employed or intend to remain employed for more than a year in another economy in which they are considered residents. Youth literacy rate is the percentage of people ages 15-24 that can, with understanding, read and writes a short, simple statement on their everyday lives. Youth literacy, females is the percentage of women ages 15- 24 who can, with understanding, read and write a short, simple statement about their everyday lives. Middle East and North Africa Little Data Book April 2012 | 34 The World Bank 1818 H Street, N.W. Washington, D.C. 20433, U.S.A. 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