34394 2005 LITTLE GREEN DATA BOOK The World Bank Copyright ©2005 by the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/THE WORLD BANK 1818 H Street N.W., Washington, D.C. 20433, U.S.A. All rights reserved Manufactured in the United States of America First printing April 2005 ISBN 0-8213-6076-0 The Little Green Data Book 2005 is a joint product of the Development Data Group and Environment Department of the World Bank. Contents Acknowledgments 4 Foreword 5 Data notes 6 Regional tables World 8 East Asia and the Pacific 9 Europe and Central Asia 10 Latin America and the Caribbean 11 Middle East and North Africa 12 South Asia 13 Sub-Saharan Africa 14 Income group tables Low income 16 Middle income 17 Lower middle income 18 Upper middle income 19 Low and middle income 20 Europe EMU 21 High income 22 Country tables (in alphabetical order) 24 Glossary 232 2005 Little Green Data Book 3 Acknowledgments The Little Green Data Book 2005 is based on World Development Indicators 2005 and its accompanying CD-ROM. Defining, gathering, and disseminating international statistics is a collective effort of many people and organizations. The indicators presented in World Development Indicators are the fruit of decades of work at many levels, from the field workers who administer censuses and household surveys to the committees and working parties of the national and international statistical agencies that develop the nomen- clature, classifications, and standards fundamental to the international sta- tistical system. Nongovernmental organizations have also made important contributions. We are indebted to the World Development Indicators network of partners, as detailed in World Development Indicators 2005. The financial assistance of the Government of Sweden is gratefully acknowledged. The Little Green Data Book is the result of close collaboration between the staff of the Environment Department and the Development Economics Data Group. Mehdi Akhlaghi, Mahyar Eshragh-Tabary, Richard Fix, Kirk Hamilton, Saeed Ordoubadi, Giovanni Ruta, and Alexandra Sears contributed to its preparation. Jim Cantrell designed the cover. Cover photographs are from Kirk Hamilton and the World Bank photo archives. The book was edited, designed, and laid out by Meta de Coquereaumont, Christopher Trott, and Elaine Wilson of Communications Development Incorporated in Washington, D.C. 4 2005 Little Green Data Book Foreword The 2005 edition of The Little Green Data Book coincides with important trans- formations linked to sustainable development. This year will be remembered for the entry into force of the Kyoto Protocol. It also marked a renewed com- mitment by the G-8 countries to foster development in Africa. Finally, this year will witness the reconstruction efforts following the tsunami disaster in South and East Asia. Development and poverty alleviation--the World Bank's mission--call for a long-term vision. Enhancing environmental quality, improving natural resource management, and maintaining global ecosystems are all important steps toward this goal. Better environmental management can improve people's livelihoods, health, and security today and in the future. To achieve these lasting results we need to start from a sound base of infor- mation that helps us set priorities and measure progress toward environ- mental sustainability goals. The Little Green Data Book is a step in this direction, with key indicators of the environment and its relationship to peo- ple for more than 200 countries. This year's edition includes new indicators for fish catch, in the agriculture and fisheries section, and biomass fuel use, in the energy section. While there are gaps and shortcomings in the data, we hope this book will inspire decisionmakers at all levels to use this informa- tion and to seek to fill the gaps for their own countries. We welcome your sug- gestions on how future editions can be improved and made more useful. Shaida Badiee James Warren Evans Director, Director, Development Data Group Environment Department 2005 Little Green Data Book 5 Data notes The data in this book are for the most recent year for which data are available between 1999 and 2003, unless otherwise noted in the glossary. Regional aggregates include data for low- and middle-income economies only. Aggregates for regions and income groups are shown only if data are available for 66 per- cent of the economies in that group. Symbols used: .. means that data are not available or that aggregates cannot be calculated because of missing data. 0 or 0.0 means zero or less than half the unit shown. $ means current U.S. dollars. Data are shown for economies with populations greater than 30,000 and for smaller economies if they are members of the World Bank. The term country (used interchangeably with economy) does not imply political independence or official recognition by the World Bank but refers to any economy for which the authorities report separate social or economic statistics. In keeping with World Development Indicators 2005, The Little Green Data Book 2005 uses terminology in line with the 1993 System of National Accounts (SNA). In particular, gross national income (GNI) is used in place of gross national product (GNP). 6 2005 Little Green Data Book Regional tables The country composition of regions is based on the World Bank's analytical regions and may differ from common geographic usage. East Asia and Pacific American Samoa, Cambodia, China, Fiji, Indonesia, Kiribati, Korea, Dem. Rep., Lao PDR, Malaysia, Marshall Islands, Micronesia, Fed. Sts., Mongolia, Myanmar, Northern Mariana Islands, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Samoa, Solomon Islands, Thailand, Timor-Leste, Tonga, Vanuatu, Vietnam Europe and Central Asia Albania, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech Republic, Estonia, Georgia, Hungary, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyz Republic, Latvia, Lithuania, Macedonia, FYR, Moldova, Poland, Romania, Russian Federation, Serbia and Montenegro, Slovak Republic, Tajikistan, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, Uzbekistan Latin America and Caribbean Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Aruba, Barbados, Belize, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Grenada, Guatemala, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, St. Kitts and Nevis, St. Lucia, St. Vincent and the Grenadines, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago, Uruguay, Venezuela, RB Middle East and North Africa Algeria, Djibouti, Egypt, Arab Rep., Iran, Islamic Rep., Iraq, Jordan, Lebanon, Libya, Morocco, Oman, Saudi Arabia, Syrian Arab Republic, Tunisia, West Bank and Gaza, Yemen, Rep. South Asia Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka Sub-Saharan Africa Angola, Benin, Botswana, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros, Congo, Dem. Rep., Congo, Rep., Côte d'Ivoire, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Gabon, The Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Kenya, Lesotho, Liberia, Madagascar, Malawi, Mali, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mayotte, Mozambique, Namibia, Niger, Nigeria, Rwanda, Săo Tomé and Principe, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Somalia, South Africa, Sudan, Swaziland, Tanzania, Togo, Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe 2005 Little Green Data Book 7 World Population (millions) 6,272.5 Urban population (% of total) 48.7 GDP ($ billions) 36,461 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 5,510 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 130,331 Agricultural land (% of land area) 38 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 19.8 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 1,008 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 477 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 129,611 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 38,611 Forest area share of total land area (%) 29.7 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) 0.2 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known Mammal species, threatened Bird species, total breeding Bird species, threatened Nationally protected area (% of land area) 10.7 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) 4.6 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) 1,699 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 10.6 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) ­1 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 2,225 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) 39.1 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.5 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 3.8 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 44 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) 105 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 6,895 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 7.8 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 71 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 82 Rural (% of rural population) 72 Urban (% of urban population) 94 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 54 Rural (% of rural population) 35 Urban (% of urban population) 79 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 86 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) 20.6 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 12.6 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 4.4 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 2.3 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.1 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 CO damage (% of GNI) 0.5 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) 0.3 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 9.3 8 2005 Little Green Data Book East Asia & Pacific Population (millions) 1,854.6 Urban population (% of total) 39.1 GDP ($ billions) 2,033 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 1,070 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 15,886 Agricultural land (% of land area) 50 Irrigated land (% of crop land) .. Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 2,297 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 565 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 60,812 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 4,284 Forest area share of total land area (%) 27.0 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) 0.2 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known Mammal species, threatened Bird species, total breeding Bird species, threatened Nationally protected area (% of land area) 9.2 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) 4.6 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) 904 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 19.6 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) ­4 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 891 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) 66.8 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.5 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 2.1 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 69 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) 10 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 5,103 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 8.2 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 81 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 78 Rural (% of rural population) 69 Urban (% of urban population) 92 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 49 Rural (% of rural population) 35 Urban (% of urban population) 71 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 41 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) 41.7 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 9.2 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 2.3 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 3.9 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.3 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.1 CO damage (% of GNI) 1.8 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) 0.8 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 27.9 2005 Little Green Data Book 9 Europe & Central Asia Population (millions) 472.2 Urban population (% of total) 63.8 GDP ($ billions) 1,403 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 2,580 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 23,868 Agricultural land (% of land area) 28 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 10.9 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 344 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 122 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 5,527 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 9,463 Forest area share of total land area (%) 39.6 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) ­0.1 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known Mammal species, threatened Bird species, total breeding Bird species, threatened Nationally protected area (% of land area) 6.8 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) 2.5 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) 2,697 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 2.3 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) ­23 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 2,808 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) 29.4 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 1.1 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 6.7 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 33 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) 138 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 11,128 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 7.4 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 57 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 91 Rural (% of rural population) 80 Urban (% of urban population) 98 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 82 Rural (% of rural population) 64 Urban (% of urban population) 93 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 36 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) 21.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 10.7 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 4.1 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 11.6 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.1 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 CO damage (% of GNI) 1.9 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) 0.6 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 1.1 10 2005 Little Green Data Book Latin America & Caribbean Population (millions) 532.7 Urban population (% of total) 76.6 GDP ($ billions) 1,741 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 3,280 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 20,057 Agricultural land (% of land area) 39 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 12.5 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 892 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 210 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 17,804 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 9,552 Forest area share of total land area (%) 47.6 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) 0.5 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known Mammal species, threatened Bird species, total breeding Bird species, threatened Nationally protected area (% of land area) 11.2 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) 6.1 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) 1,156 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 14.6 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) ­42 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 1,506 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) 5.0 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.4 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 2.7 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 40 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) .. Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 25,245 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 2.0 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 74 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 89 Rural (% of rural population) 69 Urban (% of urban population) 96 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 74 Rural (% of rural population) 44 Urban (% of urban population) 84 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 33 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) 19.5 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 10.3 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 4.2 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 6.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.7 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 CO damage (% of GNI) 0.5 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) 0.5 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 5.3 2005 Little Green Data Book 11 Middle East & North Africa Population (millions) 311.6 Urban population (% of total) 59.0 GDP ($ billions) 745 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 2,390 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 11,111 Agricultural land (% of land area) 34 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 38.3 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 854 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 603 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 2,840 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 168 Forest area share of total land area (%) 1.5 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) ­0.1 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known Mammal species, threatened Bird species, total breeding Bird species, threatened Nationally protected area (% of land area) 11.3 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) 3.5 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) 1,504 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 1.0 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) ­168 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 1,412 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) 2.3 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.8 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 4.2 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 87 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) .. Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 761 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 101.7 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 88 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 88 Rural (% of rural population) 78 Urban (% of urban population) 96 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 75 Rural (% of rural population) 56 Urban (% of urban population) 90 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 53 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) 31.2 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 10.0 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 5.5 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 30.7 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.1 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 CO damage (% of GNI) 1.2 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) 0.8 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) ­6.2 12 2005 Little Green Data Book South Asia Population (millions) 1,424.7 Urban population (% of total) 28.3 GDP ($ billions) 765 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 510 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 4,781 Agricultural land (% of land area) 55 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 41.2 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 1,027 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 559 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 8,724 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 780 Forest area share of total land area (%) 16.3 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) 0.1 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known Mammal species, threatened Bird species, total breeding Bird species, threatened Nationally protected area (% of land area) 4.8 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) 5.1 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) 468 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 39.3 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) 19 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 344 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) 59.8 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.4 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.9 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 69 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) 6 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 1,275 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 40.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 94 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 84 Rural (% of rural population) 80 Urban (% of urban population) 93 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 35 Rural (% of rural population) 23 Urban (% of urban population) 64 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 92 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) 24.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 9.0 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 3.5 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 2.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.3 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.7 CO damage (% of GNI) 1.3 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 14.0 2005 Little Green Data Book 13 Sub-Saharan Africa Population (millions) 704.5 Urban population (% of total) 36.5 GDP ($ billions) 439 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 500 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 23,596 Agricultural land (% of land area) 43 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 4.2 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 145 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 352 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 5,191 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 6,435 Forest area share of total land area (%) 27.3 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) 0.8 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known Mammal species, threatened Bird species, total breeding Bird species, threatened Nationally protected area (% of land area) 8.7 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) 2.8 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) 667 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 57.5 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) ­56 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 457 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) 68.2 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.4 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.7 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 54 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) .. Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 5,546 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 1.8 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 85 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 58 Rural (% of rural population) 46 Urban (% of urban population) 82 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 36 Rural (% of rural population) 26 Urban (% of urban population) 55 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 171 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) 16.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 10.6 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 4.7 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 8.0 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.5 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.7 CO damage (% of GNI) 0.9 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) 0.4 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 0.6 14 2005 Little Green Data Book Income group tables For operational and analytical purposes the World Bank's main criterion for classifying economies is gross national income (GNI) per capita. Every econ- omy is classified as low income, middle income (subdivided into lower middle and upper middle), or high income. Low- and middle-income economies are sometimes referred to as developing economies. The use of the term is con- venient; it is not intended to imply that all economies in the group are expe- riencing similar development or that other economies have reached a preferred or final stage of development. Note that classification by income does not necessarily reflect development status. Low-income economies are those with a GNI per capita of $765 or less in 2003. Middle-income economies are those with a GNI per capita of more than $765 but less than $9,386. Lower-middle-income and upper-middle-income economies are separated at a GNI per capita of $3,035. High-income economies are those with a GNI per capita of $9,386 or more. The 12 participating member countries of the European Monetary Union are Austria, Belgium, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Portugal, and Spain. 2005 Little Green Data Book 15 Low income Population (millions) 2,311.9 Urban population (% of total) 30.4 GDP ($ billions) 1,103 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 440 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 30,456 Agricultural land (% of land area) 43 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 26.7 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 654 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 509 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 16,410 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 7,939 Forest area share of total land area (%) 26.1 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) 0.7 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known Mammal species, threatened Bird species, total breeding Bird species, threatened Nationally protected area (% of land area) 7.7 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) 4.1 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) 493 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 49.4 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) ­6 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 312 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) 47.4 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.4 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.8 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 63 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) .. Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 3,583 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 11.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 92 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 75 Rural (% of rural population) 70 Urban (% of urban population) 89 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 36 Rural (% of rural population) 24 Urban (% of urban population) 61 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 123 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) 23.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 8.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 3.4 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 5.8 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.3 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.8 CO damage (% of GNI) 1.2 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) 0.6 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 8.9 16 2005 Little Green Data Book Middle income Population (millions) 2,988.6 Urban population (% of total) 52.6 GDP ($ billions) 6,023 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 1,930 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 68,844 Agricultural land (% of land area) 38 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 19.7 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 1,113 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 480 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 84,489 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 22,743 Forest area share of total land area (%) 33.0 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) 0.2 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known Mammal species, threatened Bird species, total breeding Bird species, threatened Nationally protected area (% of land area) 9.4 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) 4.1 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) 1,338 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 10.8 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) ­35 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 1,422 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) 39.2 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.6 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 3.2 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 40 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) 42 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 8,657 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 5.9 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 74 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 83 Rural (% of rural population) 71 Urban (% of urban population) 94 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 61 Rural (% of rural population) 41 Urban (% of urban population) 81 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 37 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) 27.8 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 10.1 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 3.7 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 9.1 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.4 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 CO damage (% of GNI) 1.4 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 10.0 2005 Little Green Data Book 17 Lower middle income Population (millions) 2,655.5 Urban population (% of total) 49.8 GDP ($ billions) 4,168 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 1,490 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 56,103 Agricultural land (% of land area) 35 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 20.8 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 1,170 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 497 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 74,407 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 20,316 Forest area share of total land area (%) 36.2 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) 0.1 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known Mammal species, threatened Bird species, total breeding Bird species, threatened Nationally protected area (% of land area) 7.7 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) 4.1 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) 1,227 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 12.3 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) ­22 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 1,289 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) 42.8 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.6 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 2.9 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 49 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) 28 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 8,397 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 5.9 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 74 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 82 Rural (% of rural population) 71 Urban (% of urban population) 94 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 60 Rural (% of rural population) 41 Urban (% of urban population) 80 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 39 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) 30.6 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 9.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 3.2 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 8.1 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.4 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.1 CO damage (% of GNI) 1.6 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 13.2 18 2005 Little Green Data Book Upper middle income Population (millions) 333.1 Urban population (% of total) 75.4 GDP ($ billions) 1,856 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 5,440 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 12,741 Agricultural land (% of land area) 48 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 13.5 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 796 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 193 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 10,082 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 2,427 Forest area share of total land area (%) 19.1 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) 0.6 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known Mammal species, threatened Bird species, total breeding Bird species, threatened Nationally protected area (% of land area) 17.3 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) 4.3 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) 2,232 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 4.1 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) ­91 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 2,496 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) 23.9 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.6 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 6.3 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 29 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) 153 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 10,741 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 5.7 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 71 Access to improved water source (% of total population) .. Rural (% of rural population) .. Urban (% of urban population) 96 Access to sanitation (% of total population) .. Rural (% of rural population) .. Urban (% of urban population) .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 22 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) 22.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 10.7 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 5.0 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 11.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.3 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 CO damage (% of GNI) 0.8 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) 0.6 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 3.3 2005 Little Green Data Book 19 Low and middle income Population (millions) 5,300.5 Urban population (% of total) 43.0 GDP ($ billions) 7,125 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 1,280 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 99,300 Agricultural land (% of land area) 39 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 22.3 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 944 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 495 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 100,899 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 30,682 Forest area share of total land area (%) 30.9 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) 0.3 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known Mammal species, threatened Bird species, total breeding Bird species, threatened Nationally protected area (% of land area) 8.9 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) 4.1 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) 990 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 18.4 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) ­29 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 970 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) 40.4 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.6 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 2.2 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 49 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) 27 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 6,441 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 7.3 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 81 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 79 Rural (% of rural population) 70 Urban (% of urban population) 93 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 50 Rural (% of rural population) 32 Urban (% of urban population) 75 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 87 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) 27.2 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 9.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 3.7 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 8.6 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.4 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.1 CO damage (% of GNI) 1.3 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) 0.6 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 9.9 20 2005 Little Green Data Book Europe EMU Population (millions) 306.9 Urban population (% of total) 77.9 GDP ($ billions) 8,196 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 22,810 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 2,436 Agricultural land (% of land area) 48 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 19.9 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 1,968 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 138 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 4,596 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 853 Forest area share of total land area (%) 35.1 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) ­0.4 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known Mammal species, threatened Bird species, total breeding Bird species, threatened Nationally protected area (% of land area) 13.5 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) 6.4 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) 3,895 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 3.7 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) 63 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 5,912 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) 27.1 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.3 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 7.9 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 30 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) 483 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 2,970 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 20.6 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 38 Access to improved water source (% of total population) .. Rural (% of rural population) .. Urban (% of urban population) 100 Access to sanitation (% of total population) .. Rural (% of rural population) .. Urban (% of urban population) .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) .. National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) 20.8 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 13.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.1 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 CO damage (% of GNI) 0.2 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) 0.2 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 11.1 2005 Little Green Data Book 21 High income Population (millions) 972.1 Urban population (% of total) 79.9 GDP ($ billions) 29,341 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 28,600 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 31,030 Agricultural land (% of land area) 36 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 12.3 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 1,198 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 202 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 28,712 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 7,929 Forest area share of total land area (%) 25.9 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) ­0.1 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known Mammal species, threatened Bird species, total breeding Bird species, threatened Nationally protected area (% of land area) 19.5 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) 5.2 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) 5,395 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 3.1 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) 26 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 8,693 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) 38.2 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.5 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 12.4 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 33 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) 436 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 9,479 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 9.7 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 42 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 99 Rural (% of rural population) 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 Access to sanitation (% of total population) .. Rural (% of rural population) .. Urban (% of urban population) .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 7 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) 19.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 13.2 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.8 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 CO damage (% of GNI) 0.3 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) 0.3 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 9.2 22 2005 Little Green Data Book Country tables China. On July 1, 1997, China resumed its exercise of sovereignty over Hong Kong, and on December 20, 1999, it resumed its exercise of sovereignty over Macao. Unless otherwise noted, data for China do not include data for Hong Kong, China; Taiwan, China; or Macao, China. Democratic Republic of Congo. Data for the Democratic Republic of Congo (Congo, Dem. Rep., in the table listings) refer to the former Zaire. (The Republic of Congo is referred to as Congo, Rep., in the table listings.) Czech Republic and Slovak Republic. Data are shown whenever possible for the individual countries formed from the former Czechoslovakia--the Czech Republic and the Slovak Republic. Eritrea. Data are shown for Eritrea whenever possible, but in most cases before 1992 Eritrea is included in the data for Ethiopia. Germany. Data for Germany refer to the unified Germany unless otherwise noted. Serbia and Montenegro. On February 4, 2003, the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia changed its name to Serbia and Montenegro. Timor-Leste. On May 20, 2002, Timor-Leste became an independent country. Data for Indonesia include Timor-Leste through 1999 unless otherwise noted. Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. In 1991 the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics came to an end. Available data are shown for the individual coun- tries now existing on its former territory (Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Estonia, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyz Republic, Latvia, Lithuania, Moldova, Russian Federation, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, and Uzbekistan). República Bolivariana de Venezuela. In December 1999 the official name of Venezuela was changed to República Bolivariana de Venezuela (Venezuela, RB, in the table listings). Republic of Yemen. Data for the Republic of Yemen refer to that country from 1990 onward; data for previous years refer to aggregated data for the former People's Democratic Republic of Yemen and the former Yemen Arab Republic unless otherwise noted. 2005 Little Green Data Book 23 Afghanistan Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in .. Group data Lower Country South middle data Asia income Population (millions) .. 1,425 2,655 Urban population (% of total) .. 28.3 49.8 GDP ($ billions) 4.7 765 4,168 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) .. 510 1,490 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 652 4,781 56,103 Agricultural land (% of land area) 58 55 35 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 29.6 41.2 20.8 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 26 1,027 1,170 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 273 559 497 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 1 8,724 74,407 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 14 780 20,316 Forest area share of total land area (%) 2.1 16.3 36.2 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) 0.0 0.1 0.1 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known 119 Mammal species, threatened 13 Bird species, total breeding 181 Bird species, threatened 11 Nationally protected area (% of land area) 0.3 4.8 7.7 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) .. 5.1 4.1 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) .. 468 1,227 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 39.3 12.3 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) .. 19 -22 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 344 1,289 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) .. 59.8 42.8 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) .. 0.4 0.6 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.0 0.9 2.9 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 47 69 49 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) .. 6 28 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 1,912 1,275 8,397 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 47.5 40.5 5.9 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 99 94 74 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 13 84 82 Rural (% of rural population) 11 80 71 Urban (% of urban population) 19 93 94 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 8 35 60 Rural (% of rural population) 5 23 41 Urban (% of urban population) 16 64 80 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) .. 92 39 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) .. 24.9 30.6 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) .. 9.0 9.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) .. 3.5 3.2 Energy depletion (% of GNI) .. 2.4 8.1 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.3 0.4 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.7 0.1 CO damage (% of GNI) .. 1.3 1.6 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) .. 0.7 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 14.0 13.2 24 2005 Little Green Data Book Albania Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in 19 1993 Group data Europe & Lower Country Central middle data Asia income Population (millions) 3.2 472 2,655 Urban population (% of total) 44.2 63.8 49.8 GDP ($ billions) 6.1 1,403 4,168 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 1,740 2,580 1,490 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 27 23,868 56,103 Agricultural land (% of land area) 42 28 35 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 48.6 10.9 20.8 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 612 344 1,170 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 307 122 497 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 4 5,527 74,407 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 10 9,463 20,316 Forest area share of total land area (%) 36.2 39.6 36.2 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) 0.8 ­0.1 0.1 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known 68 Mammal species, threatened 3 Bird species, total breeding 193 Bird species, threatened 3 Nationally protected area (% of land area) 3.8 6.8 7.7 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) 6.7 2.5 4.1 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) 617 2,697 1,227 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 6.9 2.3 12.3 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) 60 ­23 ­22 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 1,390 2,808 1,289 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) .. 29.4 42.8 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.2 1.1 0.6 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.9 6.7 2.9 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 32 33 49 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) 43 138 28 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 8,520 11,128 8,397 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 5.2 7.4 5.9 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 71 57 74 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 97 91 82 Rural (% of rural population) 95 80 71 Urban (% of urban population) 99 98 94 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 89 82 60 Rural (% of rural population) 81 64 41 Urban (% of urban population) 99 93 80 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 21 36 39 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) 18.2 21.9 30.6 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 9.6 10.7 9.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 2.8 4.1 3.2 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.9 11.6 8.1 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.1 0.4 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 0.1 CO damage (% of GNI) 0.3 1.9 1.6 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) 0.1 0.6 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 10.2 1.1 13.2 2005 Little Green Data Book 25 Algeria Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in 1993 Group data Middle East Lower Country & North middle data Africa income Population (millions) 31.8 312 2,655 Urban population (% of total) 58.8 59.0 49.8 GDP ($ billions) 66.5 745 4,168 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 1,930 2,390 1,490 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 2,382 11,111 56,103 Agricultural land (% of land area) 17 34 35 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 6.8 38.3 20.8 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 128 854 1,170 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 171 603 497 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 100 2,840 74,407 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 21 168 20,316 Forest area share of total land area (%) 0.9 1.5 36.2 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) ­1.3 ­0.1 0.1 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known 92 Mammal species, threatened 13 Bird species, total breeding 183 Bird species, threatened 6 Nationally protected area (% of land area) 5.0 11.3 7.7 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) 5.6 3.5 4.1 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) 985 1,504 1,227 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 0.2 1.0 12.3 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) ­387 ­168 ­22 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 662 1,412 1,289 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) .. 2.3 42.8 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.5 0.8 0.6 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 2.9 4.2 2.9 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 76 87 49 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) .. .. 28 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 440 761 8,397 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 35.7 101.7 5.9 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 52 88 74 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 87 88 82 Rural (% of rural population) 80 78 71 Urban (% of urban population) 92 96 94 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 92 75 60 Rural (% of rural population) 82 56 41 Urban (% of urban population) 99 90 80 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 41 53 39 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) 43.1 31.2 30.6 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 11.0 10.0 9.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 4.5 5.5 3.2 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 37.5 30.7 8.1 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.1 0.4 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.1 0.0 0.1 CO damage (% of GNI) 1.2 1.2 1.6 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) 0.7 0.8 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) ­2.9 ­6.2 13.2 26 2005 Little Green Data Book American Samoa Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in 2001 Group data East Upper Country Asia & middle data Pacific income Population (millions) 0.1 1,855 333 Urban population (% of total) 54.2 39.1 75.4 GDP ($ billions) .. 2,033 1,856 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) .. 1,070 5,440 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 0 15,886 12,741 Agricultural land (% of land area) 25 50 48 Irrigated land (% of crop land) .. .. 13.5 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) .. 2,297 796 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) .. 565 193 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 4 60,812 10,082 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 0 4,284 2,427 Forest area share of total land area (%) 60.0 27.0 19.1 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) 0.0 0.2 0.6 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known .. Mammal species, threatened 3 Bird species, total breeding .. Bird species, threatened 2 Nationally protected area (% of land area) .. 9.2 17.3 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) .. 4.6 4.3 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) .. 904 2,232 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 19.6 4.1 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) .. ­4 ­91 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 891 2,496 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) .. 66.8 23.9 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) .. 0.5 0.6 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) .. 2.1 6.3 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) .. 69 29 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) .. 10 153 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) .. 5,103 10,741 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) .. 8.2 5.7 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) .. 81 71 Access to improved water source (% of total population) .. 78 .. Rural (% of rural population) .. 69 .. Urban (% of urban population) .. 92 96 Access to sanitation (% of total population) .. 49 .. Rural (% of rural population) .. 35 .. Urban (% of urban population) .. 71 .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) .. 41 22 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) .. 41.7 22.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) .. 9.2 10.7 Education expenditure (% of GNI) .. 2.3 5.0 Energy depletion (% of GNI) .. 3.9 11.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.3 0.3 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.1 0.0 CO damage (% of GNI) .. 1.8 0.8 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) .. 0.8 0.6 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 27.9 3.3 2005 Little Green Data Book 27 Andorra Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in .. Group data Country High data income Population (millions) 0.1 972 Urban population (% of total) 91.7 79.9 GDP ($ billions) .. 29,341 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) .. 28,600 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 0 31,030 Agricultural land (% of land area) 58 36 Irrigated land (% of crop land) .. 12.3 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) .. 1,198 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) .. 202 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) .. 28,712 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) .. 7,929 Forest area share of total land area (%) .. 25.9 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) .. ­0.1 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known .. Mammal species, threatened 3 Bird species, total breeding .. Bird species, threatened 0 Nationally protected area (% of land area) .. 19.5 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) .. 5.2 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) .. 5,395 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 3.1 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) .. 26 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 8,693 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) .. 38.2 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) .. 0.5 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) .. 12.4 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 33 33 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) .. 436 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) .. 9,479 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) .. 9.7 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) .. 42 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 100 99 Rural (% of rural population) 100 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 100 .. Rural (% of rural population) 100 .. Urban (% of urban population) 100 .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 7 7 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) .. 19.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) .. 13.2 Education expenditure (% of GNI) .. 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.8 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.0 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.0 CO damage (% of GNI) .. 0.3 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) .. 0.3 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 9.2 28 2005 Little Green Data Book Angola Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in .. Group data Sub- Country Saharan Low data Africa income Population (millions) 13.5 705 2,312 Urban population (% of total) 36.2 36.5 30.4 GDP ($ billions) 13.2 439 1,103 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 740 500 440 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 1,247 23,596 30,456 Agricultural land (% of land area) 46 43 43 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 2.3 4.2 26.7 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) .. 145 654 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 282 352 509 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 253 5,191 16,410 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 698 6,435 7,939 Forest area share of total land area (%) 56.0 27.3 26.1 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) 0.2 0.8 0.7 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known 276 Mammal species, threatened 19 Bird species, total breeding 265 Bird species, threatened 15 Nationally protected area (% of land area) 6.6 8.7 7.7 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) 3.2 2.8 4.1 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) 672 667 493 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 67.8 57.5 49.4 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) -485 ­56 ­6 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 109 457 312 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) .. 68.2 47.4 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.3 0.4 0.4 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.5 0.7 0.8 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 125 54 63 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) .. .. .. Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 13,607 5,546 3,583 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 0.3 1.8 11.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 76 85 92 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 50 58 75 Rural (% of rural population) 40 46 70 Urban (% of urban population) 70 82 89 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 30 36 36 Rural (% of rural population) 16 26 24 Urban (% of urban population) 56 55 61 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 260 171 123 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) 22.2 16.9 23.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 11.0 10.6 8.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 4.4 4.7 3.4 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 43.6 8.0 5.8 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.5 0.3 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.7 0.8 CO damage (% of GNI) 0.5 0.9 1.2 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) .. 0.4 0.6 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) ­28.5 0.6 8.9 2005 Little Green Data Book 29 Antigua and Barbuda Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in .. Group data Latin Upper Country America & middle data Caribbean income Population (millions) 0.1 533 333 Urban population (% of total) 37.8 76.6 75.4 GDP ($ billions) 0.8 1,741 1,856 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 9,160 3,280 5,440 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 0 20,057 12,741 Agricultural land (% of land area) 32 39 48 Irrigated land (% of crop land) .. 12.5 13.5 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) .. 892 796 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 598 210 193 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 2 17,804 10,082 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 0 9,552 2,427 Forest area share of total land area (%) 20.5 47.6 19.1 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) 0.0 0.5 0.6 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known .. Mammal species, threatened 0 Bird species, total breeding .. Bird species, threatened 1 Nationally protected area (% of land area) .. 11.2 17.3 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) .. 6.1 4.3 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) .. 1,156 2,232 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 14.6 4.1 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) .. ­42 ­91 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 1,506 2,496 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) .. 5.0 23.9 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.5 0.4 0.6 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 4.9 2.7 6.3 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 16 40 29 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) .. .. 153 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 1,307 25,245 10,741 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) .. 2.0 5.7 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 20 74 71 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 91 89 .. Rural (% of rural population) 89 69 .. Urban (% of urban population) 95 96 96 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 95 74 .. Rural (% of rural population) 94 44 .. Urban (% of urban population) 98 84 .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 12 33 22 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) .. 19.5 22.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 12.7 10.3 10.7 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 3.7 4.2 5.0 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 6.4 11.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.7 0.3 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 0.0 CO damage (% of GNI) 0.4 0.5 0.8 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) .. 0.5 0.6 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 5.3 3.3 30 2005 Little Green Data Book Argentina Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in 1992 Group data Latin Upper Country America & middle data Caribbean income Population (millions) 36.8 533 333 Urban population (% of total) 88.6 76.6 75.4 GDP ($ billions) 129.6 1,741 1,856 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 3,810 3,280 5,440 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 2,737 20,057 12,741 Agricultural land (% of land area) 65 39 48 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 4.5 12.5 13.5 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 219 892 796 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 12 210 193 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 925 17,804 10,082 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 346 9,552 2,427 Forest area share of total land area (%) 12.7 47.6 19.1 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) 0.8 0.5 0.6 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known 320 Mammal species, threatened 34 Bird species, total breeding 362 Bird species, threatened 39 Nationally protected area (% of land area) 6.6 11.2 17.3 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) 6.9 6.1 4.3 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) 1,543 1,156 2,232 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 5.3 14.6 4.1 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) ­45 ­42 ­91 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 2,024 1,506 2,496 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) 1.4 5.0 23.9 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.3 0.4 0.6 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 3.9 2.7 6.3 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 71 40 29 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) 140 .. 153 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 7,506 25,245 10,741 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 10.4 2.0 5.7 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 75 74 71 Access to improved water source (% of total population) .. 89 .. Rural (% of rural population) .. 69 .. Urban (% of urban population) 97 96 96 Access to sanitation (% of total population) .. 74 .. Rural (% of rural population) .. 44 .. Urban (% of urban population) .. 84 .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 20 33 22 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) 21.9 19.5 22.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 11.3 10.3 10.7 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 3.2 4.2 5.0 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 6.3 6.4 11.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.1 0.7 0.3 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 0.0 CO damage (% of GNI) 0.6 0.5 0.8 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) 1.6 0.5 0.6 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 5.2 5.3 3.3 2005 Little Green Data Book 31 Armenia Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in .. Group data Europe & Lower Country Central middle data Asia income Population (millions) 3.1 472 2,655 Urban population (% of total) 67.5 63.8 49.8 GDP ($ billions) 2.8 1,403 4,168 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 950 2,580 1,490 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 28 23,868 56,103 Agricultural land (% of land area) 48 28 35 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 50.0 10.9 20.8 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 228 344 1,170 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 202 122 497 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 2 5,527 74,407 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 4 9,463 20,316 Forest area share of total land area (%) 12.4 39.6 36.2 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) ­1.3 ­0.1 0.1 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known 84 Mammal species, threatened 11 Bird species, total breeding 236 Bird species, threatened 4 Nationally protected area (% of land area) 7.6 6.8 7.7 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) 4.8 2.5 4.1 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) 632 2,697 1,227 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 0.1 2.3 12.3 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) 62 ­23 ­22 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 1,113 2,808 1,289 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) .. 29.4 42.8 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.5 1.1 0.6 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 1.1 6.7 2.9 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 85 33 49 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) .. 138 28 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 2,945 11,128 8,397 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 32.2 7.4 5.9 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 66 57 74 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 92 91 82 Rural (% of rural population) 80 80 71 Urban (% of urban population) 99 98 94 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 84 82 60 Rural (% of rural population) 61 64 41 Urban (% of urban population) 96 93 80 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 33 36 39 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) 17.2 21.9 30.6 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 8.6 10.7 9.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 1.8 4.1 3.2 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 11.6 8.1 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.1 0.1 0.4 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 0.1 CO damage (% of GNI) 1.1 1.9 1.6 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) 2.0 0.6 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 7.2 1.1 13.2 32 2005 Little Green Data Book Aruba Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in 1992 Group data Country High data income Population (millions) 0.1 972 Urban population (% of total) 51.5 79.9 GDP ($ billions) 2 29,341 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) .. 28,600 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 0 31,030 Agricultural land (% of land area) 11 36 Irrigated land (% of crop land) .. 12.3 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) .. 1,198 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) .. 202 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 0 28,712 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) .. 7,929 Forest area share of total land area (%) .. 25.9 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) .. ­0.1 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known .. Mammal species, threatened 1 Bird species, total breeding .. Bird species, threatened 0 Nationally protected area (% of land area) .. 19.5 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) .. 5.2 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) .. 5,395 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 3.1 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) .. 26 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 8,693 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) .. 38.2 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) .. 0.5 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) .. 12.4 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) .. 33 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) .. 436 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) .. 9,479 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) .. 9.7 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) .. 42 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 100 99 Rural (% of rural population) 100 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Access to sanitation (% of total population) .. .. Rural (% of rural population) .. .. Urban (% of urban population) .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) .. 7 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) .. 19.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) .. 13.2 Education expenditure (% of GNI) .. 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.8 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.0 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.0 CO damage (% of GNI) .. 0.3 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) .. 0.3 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 9.2 2005 Little Green Data Book 33 Australia Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in 1992 Group data Country High data income Population (millions) 19.9 972 Urban population (% of total) 91.9 79.9 GDP ($ billions) 522 29,341 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 21,950 28,600 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 7,682 31,030 Agricultural land (% of land area) 59 36 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 5.2 12.3 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 472 1,198 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 3 202 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 236 28,712 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 1,545 7,929 Forest area share of total land area (%) 20.1 25.9 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) 0.2 ­0.1 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known 252 Mammal species, threatened 63 Bird species, total breeding 497 Bird species, threatened 37 Nationally protected area (% of land area) 13.4 19.5 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) 4.8 5.2 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) 5,732 5,395 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 6.2 3.1 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) -126 26 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 9,663 8,693 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) 78.3 38.2 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.7 0.5 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 18.0 12.4 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 19 33 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) .. 436 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 24,747 9,479 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 3.0 9.7 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 33 42 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 100 99 Rural (% of rural population) 100 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 100 .. Rural (% of rural population) 100 .. Urban (% of urban population) 100 .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 6 7 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) 19.7 19.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 16.1 13.2 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 4.5 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 1.3 0.8 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 1.3 0.0 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 CO damage (% of GNI) 0.5 0.3 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) 0.1 0.3 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 4.9 9.2 34 2005 Little Green Data Book Austria Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in .. Group data Country High data income Population (millions) 8.1 972 Urban population (% of total) 67.8 79.9 GDP ($ billions) 253 29,341 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 26,810 28,600 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 83 31,030 Agricultural land (% of land area) 41 36 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 0.3 12.3 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 1,497 1,198 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 188 202 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 3 28,712 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 39 7,929 Forest area share of total land area (%) 47.0 25.9 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) ­0.2 ­0.1 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known 83 Mammal species, threatened 7 Bird species, total breeding 230 Bird species, threatened 3 Nationally protected area (% of land area) 33.0 19.5 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) 7.5 5.2 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) 3,774 5,395 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 11.1 3.1 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) 67 26 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 6,838 8,693 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) 12.3 38.2 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.3 0.5 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 7.6 12.4 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 33 33 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) 494 436 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 6,799 9,479 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 4.4 9.7 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 9 42 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 100 99 Rural (% of rural population) 100 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 100 .. Rural (% of rural population) 100 .. Urban (% of urban population) 100 .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 6 7 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) 22.7 19.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 14.5 13.2 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 5.6 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.1 0.8 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 CO damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.3 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.3 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 13.3 9.2 2005 Little Green Data Book 35 Azerbaijan Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in 1998 Group data Europe & Lower Country Central middle data Asia income Population (millions) 8.2 472 2,655 Urban population (% of total) 51.9 63.8 49.8 GDP ($ billions) 7.1 1,403 4,168 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 820 2,580 1,490 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 83 23,868 56,103 Agricultural land (% of land area) 52 28 35 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 72.4 10.9 20.8 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 99 344 1,170 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 220 122 497 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 11 5,527 74,407 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 11 9,463 20,316 Forest area share of total land area (%) 13.2 39.6 36.2 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) ­1.3 ­0.1 0.1 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known 99 Mammal species, threatened 13 Bird species, total breeding 229 Bird species, threatened 8 Nationally protected area (% of land area) 6.1 6.8 7.7 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) 2.2 2.5 4.1 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) 1,435 2,697 1,227 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 0.0 2.3 12.3 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) -68 ­23 ­22 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 1,878 2,808 1,289 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) .. 29.4 42.8 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 1.4 1.1 0.6 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 3.6 6.7 2.9 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 99 33 49 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) 43 138 28 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 972 11,128 8,397 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 206.3 7.4 5.9 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 70 57 74 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 77 91 82 Rural (% of rural population) 59 80 71 Urban (% of urban population) 95 98 94 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 55 82 60 Rural (% of rural population) 36 64 41 Urban (% of urban population) 73 93 80 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 91 36 39 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) 22.2 21.9 30.6 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 15.0 10.7 9.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 3.0 4.1 3.2 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 45.4 11.6 8.1 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.1 0.4 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 0.1 CO damage (% of GNI) 5.0 1.9 1.6 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) 1.0 0.6 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) ­41.2 1.1 13.2 36 2005 Little Green Data Book Bahamas, The Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in .. Group data Country High data income Population (millions) 0.3 972 Urban population (% of total) 89.4 79.9 GDP ($ billions) 5 29,341 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 14,920 28,600 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 10 31,030 Agricultural land (% of land area) 1 36 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 8.3 12.3 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 1,000 1,198 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 428 202 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 9 28,712 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 8 7,929 Forest area share of total land area (%) 84.1 25.9 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) 0.0 ­0.1 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known .. Mammal species, threatened 5 Bird species, total breeding .. Bird species, threatened 4 Nationally protected area (% of land area) .. 19.5 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) .. 5.2 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) .. 5,395 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 3.1 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) .. 26 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 8,693 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) .. 38.2 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.4 0.5 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 5.9 12.4 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 43 33 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) .. 436 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) .. 9,479 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) .. 9.7 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) .. 42 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 97 99 Rural (% of rural population) 86 98 Urban (% of urban population) 98 100 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 100 .. Rural (% of rural population) 100 .. Urban (% of urban population) 100 .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 14 7 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) .. 19.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) .. 13.2 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 3.8 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.8 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.0 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.0 CO damage (% of GNI) .. 0.3 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) .. 0.3 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 9.2 2005 Little Green Data Book 37 Bahrain Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in .. Group data Country High data income Population (millions) 0.7 972 Urban population (% of total) 93.0 79.9 GDP ($ billions) 8 29,341 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 10,850 28,600 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 1 31,030 Agricultural land (% of land area) 14 36 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 66.7 12.3 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 500 1,198 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 2,525 202 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 11 28,712 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) .. 7,929 Forest area share of total land area (%) .. 25.9 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) .. ­0.1 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known .. Mammal species, threatened 1 Bird species, total breeding .. Bird species, threatened 6 Nationally protected area (% of land area) .. 19.5 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) 1.7 5.2 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) 9,837 5,395 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 3.1 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) ­122 26 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 9,248 8,693 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) .. 38.2 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 1.8 0.5 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 29.1 12.4 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 70 33 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) 307 436 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 0 9,479 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) .. 9.7 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 57 42 Access to improved water source (% of total population) .. 99 Rural (% of rural population) .. 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Access to sanitation (% of total population) .. .. Rural (% of rural population) .. .. Urban (% of urban population) 100 .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 15 7 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) .. 19.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) .. 13.2 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 4.4 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.8 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.0 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.0 CO damage (% of GNI) .. 0.3 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) .. 0.3 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 9.2 38 2005 Little Green Data Book Bangladesh Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in 1991 Group data Country South Low data Asia income Population (millions) 138.1 1,425 2,312 Urban population (% of total) 26.8 28.3 30.4 GDP ($ billions) 51.9 765 1,103 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 400 510 440 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 130 4,781 30,456 Agricultural land (% of land area) 70 55 43 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 54.5 41.2 26.7 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 1,775 1,027 654 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 1,249 559 509 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 1,687 8,724 16,410 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 13 780 7,939 Forest area share of total land area (%) 10.2 16.3 26.1 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) ­1.3 0.1 0.7 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known 125 Mammal species, threatened 23 Bird species, total breeding 166 Bird species, threatened 23 Nationally protected area (% of land area) 0.8 4.8 7.7 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) 10.5 5.1 4.1 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) 155 468 493 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 37.5 39.3 49.4 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) 20 19 -6 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 100 344 312 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) .. 59.8 47.4 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.1 0.4 0.4 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.2 0.9 0.8 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 147 69 63 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) 0 6 .. Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 761 1,275 3,583 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 13.9 40.5 11.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 86 94 92 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 75 84 75 Rural (% of rural population) 72 80 70 Urban (% of urban population) 82 93 89 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 48 35 36 Rural (% of rural population) 39 23 24 Urban (% of urban population) 75 64 61 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 69 92 123 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) 28.4 24.9 23.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 5.8 9.0 8.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 1.3 3.5 3.4 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 2.0 2.4 5.8 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.3 0.3 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.7 0.7 0.8 CO damage (% of GNI) 0.4 1.3 1.2 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) 0.3 0.7 0.6 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 20.6 14.0 8.9 2005 Little Green Data Book 39 Barbados Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in .. Group data Latin Upper Country America & middle data Caribbean income Population (millions) 0.3 533 333 Urban population (% of total) 51.7 76.6 75.4 GDP ($ billions) 2.6 1,741 1,856 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 9,260 3,280 5,440 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 0 20,057 12,741 Agricultural land (% of land area) 44 39 48 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 5.9 12.5 13.5 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 507 892 796 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 823 210 193 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 3 17,804 10,082 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 0 9,552 2,427 Forest area share of total land area (%) 4.7 47.6 19.1 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) 0.0 0.5 0.6 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known .. Mammal species, threatened 0 Bird species, total breeding .. Bird species, threatened 1 Nationally protected area (% of land area) .. 11.2 17.3 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) .. 6.1 4.3 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) .. 1,156 2,232 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 14.6 4.1 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) .. ­42 ­91 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 1,506 2,496 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) .. 5.0 23.9 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.3 0.4 0.6 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 4.4 2.7 6.3 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 41 40 29 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) 3 .. 153 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 371 25,245 10,741 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) .. 2.0 5.7 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 24 74 71 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 100 89 .. Rural (% of rural population) 100 69 .. Urban (% of urban population) 100 96 96 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 99 74 .. Rural (% of rural population) 100 44 .. Urban (% of urban population) 99 84 .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 13 33 22 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) .. 19.5 22.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 12.6 10.3 10.7 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 5.8 4.2 5.0 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 6.4 11.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.7 0.3 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 0.0 CO damage (% of GNI) 0.3 0.5 0.8 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) .. 0.5 0.6 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 5.3 3.3 40 2005 Little Green Data Book Belarus Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in .. Group data Europe & Lower Country Central middle data Asia income Population (millions) 9.9 472 2,655 Urban population (% of total) 69.9 63.8 49.8 GDP ($ billions) 17.5 1,403 4,168 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 1,600 2,580 1,490 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 207 23,868 56,103 Agricultural land (% of land area) 45 28 35 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 2.3 10.9 20.8 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 1,334 344 1,170 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 54 122 497 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 6 5,527 74,407 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 94 9,463 20,316 Forest area share of total land area (%) 45.3 39.6 36.2 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) ­3.2 ­0.1 0.1 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known 74 Mammal species, threatened 7 Bird species, total breeding 194 Bird species, threatened 3 Nationally protected area (% of land area) 6.3 6.8 7.7 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) 2.1 2.5 4.1 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) 2,496 2,697 1,227 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 4.4 2.3 12.3 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) 86 ­23 ­22 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 2,657 2,808 1,289 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) .. 29.4 42.8 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 1.2 1.1 0.6 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 5.9 6.7 2.9 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 15 33 49 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) 156 138 28 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 3,745 11,128 8,397 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 7.3 7.4 5.9 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 35 57 74 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 100 91 82 Rural (% of rural population) 100 80 71 Urban (% of urban population) 100 98 94 Access to sanitation (% of total population) .. 82 60 Rural (% of rural population) .. 64 41 Urban (% of urban population) .. 93 80 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 17 36 39 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) 21.2 21.9 30.6 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 9.3 10.7 9.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 5.4 4.1 3.2 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 2.0 11.6 8.1 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.1 0.4 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 0.1 CO damage (% of GNI) 3.0 1.9 1.6 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) 0.0 0.6 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 12.4 1.1 13.2 2005 Little Green Data Book 41 Belgium Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in .. Group data Country High data income Population (millions) 10.4 972 Urban population (% of total) 97.5 79.9 GDP ($ billions) 302 29,341 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 25,760 28,600 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 30 31,030 Agricultural land (% of land area) 46 36 Irrigated land (% of crop land) .. 12.3 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) .. 1,198 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) .. 202 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) .. 28,712 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 7 7,929 Forest area share of total land area (%) .. 25.9 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) 0.2 ­0.1 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known 58 Mammal species, threatened 11 Bird species, total breeding 191 Bird species, threatened 2 Nationally protected area (% of land area) .. 19.5 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) 4.8 5.2 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) 5,505 5,395 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 1.6 3.1 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) 77 26 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 7,592 8,693 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) 15.6 38.2 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.4 0.5 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 10.0 12.4 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 28 33 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) 464 436 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 1,157 9,479 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) .. 9.7 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) .. 42 Access to improved water source (% of total population) .. 99 Rural (% of rural population) .. 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Access to sanitation (% of total population) .. .. Rural (% of rural population) .. .. Urban (% of urban population) .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 5 7 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) 24.0 19.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 14.4 13.2 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 3.0 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.8 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 CO damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.3 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.3 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 12.2 9.2 42 2005 Little Green Data Book Belize Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in .. Group data Latin Upper Country America & middle data Caribbean income Population (millions) 0.3 533 333 Urban population (% of total) 48.4 76.6 75.4 GDP ($ billions) 1.0 1,741 1,856 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 3,370 3,280 5,440 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 23 20,057 12,741 Agricultural land (% of land area) 7 39 48 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 2.9 12.5 13.5 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 671 892 796 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 196 210 193 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 19 17,804 10,082 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 13 9,552 2,427 Forest area share of total land area (%) 59.1 47.6 19.1 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) 2.3 0.5 0.6 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known 125 Mammal species, threatened 4 Bird species, total breeding 161 Bird species, threatened 2 Nationally protected area (% of land area) .. 11.2 17.3 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) .. 6.1 4.3 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) .. 1,156 2,232 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 14.6 4.1 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) .. ­42 ­91 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 1,506 2,496 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) .. 5.0 23.9 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.5 0.4 0.6 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 3.1 2.7 6.3 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 23 40 29 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) 42 .. 153 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 58,458 25,245 10,741 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 0.6 2.0 5.7 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 0 74 71 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 91 89 .. Rural (% of rural population) 82 69 .. Urban (% of urban population) 100 96 96 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 47 74 .. Rural (% of rural population) 25 44 .. Urban (% of urban population) 71 84 .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 39 33 22 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) 2.4 19.5 22.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 6.1 10.3 10.7 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 6.2 4.2 5.0 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 6.4 11.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.7 0.3 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 0.0 CO damage (% of GNI) 0.5 0.5 0.8 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) .. 0.5 0.6 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 2.0 5.3 3.3 2005 Little Green Data Book 43 Benin Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in 1993 Group data Sub- Country Saharan Low data Africa income Population (millions) 6.7 705 2,312 Urban population (% of total) 44.5 36.5 30.4 GDP ($ billions) 3.5 439 1,103 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 440 500 440 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 111 23,596 30,456 Agricultural land (% of land area) 25 43 43 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 0.4 4.2 26.7 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 188 145 654 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 144 352 509 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 38 5,191 16,410 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 27 6,435 7,939 Forest area share of total land area (%) 24.0 27.3 26.1 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) 2.3 0.8 0.7 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known 188 Mammal species, threatened 8 Bird species, total breeding 112 Bird species, threatened 2 Nationally protected area (% of land area) 11.4 8.7 7.7 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) 3.0 2.8 4.1 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) 340 667 493 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 69.3 57.5 49.4 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) 31 ­56 ­6 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 76 457 312 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) .. 68.2 47.4 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.3 0.4 0.4 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.3 0.7 0.8 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 47 54 63 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) .. .. .. Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 1,488 5,546 3,583 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 1.0 1.8 11.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 67 85 92 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 68 58 75 Rural (% of rural population) 60 46 70 Urban (% of urban population) 79 82 89 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 32 36 36 Rural (% of rural population) 12 26 24 Urban (% of urban population) 58 55 61 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 154 171 123 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) 4.8 16.9 23.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 8.2 10.6 8.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 2.7 4.7 3.4 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 8.0 5.8 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.5 0.3 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 1.1 0.7 0.8 CO damage (% of GNI) 0.3 0.9 1.2 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) 0.3 0.4 0.6 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) ­2.4 0.6 8.9 44 2005 Little Green Data Book Bermuda Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in .. Group data Country High data income Population (millions) 0.1 972 Urban population (% of total) 100.0 79.9 GDP ($ billions) .. 29,341 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) .. 28,600 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 0 31,030 Agricultural land (% of land area) 20 36 Irrigated land (% of crop land) .. 12.3 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 1,000 1,198 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 0 202 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 0 28,712 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) .. 7,929 Forest area share of total land area (%) .. 25.9 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) .. ­0.1 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known .. Mammal species, threatened 2 Bird species, total breeding .. Bird species, threatened 2 Nationally protected area (% of land area) .. 19.5 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) .. 5.2 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) .. 5,395 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 3.1 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) .. 26 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 8,693 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) .. 38.2 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) .. 0.5 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 7.2 12.4 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) .. 33 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) .. 436 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) .. 9,479 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) .. 9.7 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) .. 42 Access to improved water source (% of total population) .. 99 Rural (% of rural population) .. 98 Urban (% of urban population) .. 100 Access to sanitation (% of total population) .. .. Rural (% of rural population) .. .. Urban (% of urban population) .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) .. 7 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) .. 19.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) .. 13.2 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 3.3 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.8 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.0 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.0 CO damage (% of GNI) .. 0.3 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) .. 0.3 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 9.2 2005 Little Green Data Book 45 Bhutan Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in .. Group data Country South Low data Asia income Population (millions) 0.9 1,425 2,312 Urban population (% of total) 7.9 28.3 30.4 GDP ($ billions) 0.7 765 1,103 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 630 510 440 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 47 4,781 30,456 Agricultural land (% of land area) 12 55 43 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 24.2 41.2 26.7 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) .. 1,027 654 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 542 559 509 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 0 8,724 16,410 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 30 780 7,939 Forest area share of total land area (%) 64.2 16.3 26.1 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) 0.0 0.1 0.7 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known 160 Mammal species, threatened 22 Bird species, total breeding 209 Bird species, threatened 12 Nationally protected area (% of land area) 25.1 4.8 7.7 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) .. 5.1 4.1 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) .. 468 493 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 39.3 49.4 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) .. 19 -6 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 344 312 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) .. 59.8 47.4 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) .. 0.4 0.4 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.5 0.9 0.8 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 41 69 63 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) .. 6 .. Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 108,738 1,275 3,583 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 0.0 40.5 11.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 54 94 92 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 62 84 75 Rural (% of rural population) 60 80 70 Urban (% of urban population) 86 93 89 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 70 35 36 Rural (% of rural population) 70 23 24 Urban (% of urban population) 65 64 61 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 85 92 123 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) .. 24.9 23.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 9.7 9.0 8.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 2.4 3.5 3.4 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 2.4 5.8 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.3 0.3 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 4.3 0.7 0.8 CO damage (% of GNI) 0.6 1.3 1.2 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) .. 0.7 0.6 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 14.0 8.9 46 2005 Little Green Data Book Bolivia Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in 1994 Group data Latin Lower Country America & middle data Caribbean income Population (millions) 8.8 533 2,655 Urban population (% of total) 64.0 76.6 49.8 GDP ($ billions) 7.9 1,741 4,168 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 900 3,280 1,490 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 1,084 20,057 56,103 Agricultural land (% of land area) 34 39 35 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 4.2 12.5 20.8 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 47 892 1,170 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 109 210 497 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 6 17,804 74,407 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 531 9,552 20,316 Forest area share of total land area (%) 48.9 47.6 36.2 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) 0.3 0.5 0.1 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known 316 Mammal species, threatened 24 Bird species, total breeding 504 Bird species, threatened 28 Nationally protected area (% of land area) 13.4 11.2 7.7 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) 4.8 6.1 4.1 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) 499 1,156 1,227 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 16.8 14.6 12.3 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) ­89 ­42 ­22 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 419 1,506 1,289 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) .. 5.0 42.8 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.6 0.4 0.6 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 1.3 2.7 2.9 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 106 40 49 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) .. .. 28 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 34,490 25,245 8,397 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 0.4 2.0 5.9 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 87 74 74 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 85 89 82 Rural (% of rural population) 68 69 71 Urban (% of urban population) 95 96 94 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 45 74 60 Rural (% of rural population) 23 44 41 Urban (% of urban population) 58 84 80 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 66 33 39 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) 12.0 19.5 30.6 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 9.2 10.3 9.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 4.8 4.2 3.2 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 8.7 6.4 8.1 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.8 0.7 0.4 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 0.1 CO damage (% of GNI) 1.2 0.5 1.6 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) 0.7 0.5 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) ­3.8 5.3 13.2 2005 Little Green Data Book 47 Bosnia and Herzegovina Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in .. Group data Europe & Lower Country Central middle data Asia income Population (millions) 4.1 472 2,655 Urban population (% of total) 44.4 63.8 49.8 GDP ($ billions) 7.0 1,403 4,168 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 1,530 2,580 1,490 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 51 23,868 56,103 Agricultural land (% of land area) 36 28 35 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 0.3 10.9 20.8 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 327 344 1,170 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 231 122 497 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 3 5,527 74,407 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 23 9,463 20,316 Forest area share of total land area (%) 44.4 39.6 36.2 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) 0.0 ­0.1 0.1 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known 72 Mammal species, threatened 10 Bird species, total breeding 205 Bird species, threatened 3 Nationally protected area (% of land area) 0.5 6.8 7.7 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) 5.3 2.5 4.1 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) 1,052 2,697 1,227 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 4.2 2.3 12.3 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) 23 ­23 ­22 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 1,633 2,808 1,289 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) 49.9 29.4 42.8 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.9 1.1 0.6 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 4.8 6.7 2.9 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 30 33 49 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) .. 138 28 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 8,696 11,128 8,397 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 2.8 7.4 5.9 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 60 57 74 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 98 91 82 Rural (% of rural population) 96 80 71 Urban (% of urban population) 100 98 94 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 93 82 60 Rural (% of rural population) 88 64 41 Urban (% of urban population) 99 93 80 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 17 36 39 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) 10.3 21.9 30.6 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 9.3 10.7 9.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) .. 4.1 3.2 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.1 11.6 8.1 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.1 0.4 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 0.1 CO damage (% of GNI) 2.0 1.9 1.6 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) 0.4 0.6 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 1.1 13.2 48 2005 Little Green Data Book Botswana Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in 19 1990 Group data Sub- Upper Country Saharan middle data Africa income Population (millions) 1.7 705 333 Urban population (% of total) 50.3 36.5 75.4 GDP ($ billions) 7.5 439 1,856 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 3,530 500 5,440 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 567 23,596 12,741 Agricultural land (% of land area) 46 43 48 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 0.3 4.2 13.5 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 124 145 796 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 232 352 193 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 0 5,191 10,082 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 124 6,435 2,427 Forest area share of total land area (%) 21.9 27.3 19.1 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) 0.9 0.8 0.6 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known 164 Mammal species, threatened 6 Bird species, total breeding 184 Bird species, threatened 7 Nationally protected area (% of land area) 18.5 8.7 17.3 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) .. 2.8 4.3 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) .. 667 2,232 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 57.5 4.1 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) .. ­56 ­91 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 457 2,496 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) .. 68.2 23.9 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.3 0.4 0.6 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 2.3 0.7 6.3 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) .. 54 29 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) 30 .. 153 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 1,742 5,546 10,741 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 3.3 1.8 5.7 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 48 85 71 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 95 58 .. Rural (% of rural population) 90 46 .. Urban (% of urban population) 100 82 96 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 41 36 .. Rural (% of rural population) 25 26 .. Urban (% of urban population) 57 55 .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 112 171 22 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) 35.6 16.9 22.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 11.8 10.6 10.7 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 5.6 4.7 5.0 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 8.0 11.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.2 0.5 0.3 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.7 0.0 CO damage (% of GNI) 0.4 0.9 0.8 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) .. 0.4 0.6 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 28.8 0.6 3.3 2005 Little Green Data Book 49 Brazil Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in .. Group data Latin Lower Country America & middle data Caribbean income Population (millions) 176.6 533 2,655 Urban population (% of total) 82.8 76.6 49.8 GDP ($ billions) 492.3 1,741 4,168 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 2,720 3,280 1,490 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 8,459 20,057 56,103 Agricultural land (% of land area) 31 39 35 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 4.4 12.5 20.8 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 1,302 892 1,170 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 53 210 497 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 980 17,804 74,407 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 5,439 9,552 20,316 Forest area share of total land area (%) 64.3 47.6 36.2 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) 0.4 0.5 0.1 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known 394 Mammal species, threatened 81 Bird species, total breeding 686 Bird species, threatened 114 Nationally protected area (% of land area) 6.7 11.2 7.7 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) 6.8 6.1 4.1 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) 1,093 1,156 1,227 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 24.3 14.6 12.3 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) 15 ­42 ­22 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 1,776 1,506 1,289 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) 2.4 5.0 42.8 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.2 0.4 0.6 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 1.8 2.7 2.9 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 33 40 49 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) .. .. 28 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 30,680 25,245 8,397 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 1.0 2.0 5.9 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 61 74 74 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 89 89 82 Rural (% of rural population) 58 69 71 Urban (% of urban population) 96 96 94 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 75 74 60 Rural (% of rural population) 35 44 41 Urban (% of urban population) 83 84 80 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 35 33 39 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) 19.1 19.5 30.6 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 10.8 10.3 9.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 3.9 4.2 3.2 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 3.1 6.4 8.1 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 1.1 0.7 0.4 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 0.1 CO damage (% of GNI) 0.4 0.5 1.6 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.5 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 7.4 5.3 13.2 50 2005 Little Green Data Book Brunei Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in .. Group data Country High data income Population (millions) 0.4 972 Urban population (% of total) 73.8 79.9 GDP ($ billions) .. 29,341 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) .. 28,600 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 5 31,030 Agricultural land (% of land area) 2 36 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 7.7 12.3 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) .. 1,198 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 1,042 202 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 2 28,712 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 4 7,929 Forest area share of total land area (%) 83.9 25.9 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) 0.2 ­0.1 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known .. Mammal species, threatened 11 Bird species, total breeding .. Bird species, threatened 14 Nationally protected area (% of land area) .. 19.5 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) .. 5.2 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) 6,149 5,395 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 0.8 3.1 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) ­833 26 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 6,563 8,693 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) .. 38.2 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) .. 0.5 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 14.2 12.4 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 38 33 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) .. 436 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 24,242 9,479 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) .. 9.7 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) .. 42 Access to improved water source (% of total population) .. 99 Rural (% of rural population) .. 98 Urban (% of urban population) .. 100 Access to sanitation (% of total population) .. .. Rural (% of rural population) .. .. Urban (% of urban population) .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 6 7 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) .. 19.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) .. 13.2 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 2.9 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.8 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.0 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.0 CO damage (% of GNI) .. 0.3 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) .. 0.3 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 9.2 2005 Little Green Data Book 51 Bulgaria Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in .. Group data Europe & Lower Country Central middle data Asia income Population (millions) 7.8 472 2,655 Urban population (% of total) 67.5 63.8 49.8 GDP ($ billions) 19.9 1,403 4,168 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 2,130 2,580 1,490 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 111 23,868 56,103 Agricultural land (% of land area) 57 28 35 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 16.5 10.9 20.8 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 495 344 1,170 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 76 122 497 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 8 5,527 74,407 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 37 9,463 20,316 Forest area share of total land area (%) 33.4 39.6 36.2 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) ­0.6 ­0.1 0.1 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known 81 Mammal species, threatened 14 Bird species, total breeding 248 Bird species, threatened 10 Nationally protected area (% of land area) 4.5 6.8 7.7 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) 2.9 2.5 4.1 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) 2,417 2,697 1,227 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 3.4 2.3 12.3 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) 45 ­23 ­22 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 3,060 2,808 1,289 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) 41.2 29.4 42.8 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.8 1.1 0.6 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 5.3 6.7 2.9 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 75 33 49 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) 287 138 28 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 2,684 11,128 8,397 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 66.2 7.4 5.9 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 22 57 74 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 100 91 82 Rural (% of rural population) 100 80 71 Urban (% of urban population) 100 98 94 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 100 82 60 Rural (% of rural population) 100 64 41 Urban (% of urban population) 100 93 80 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 17 36 39 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) 13.3 21.9 30.6 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 10.5 10.7 9.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 3.0 4.1 3.2 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.1 11.6 8.1 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.4 0.1 0.4 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 0.1 CO damage (% of GNI) 1.8 1.9 1.6 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) 2.1 0.6 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 1.3 1.1 13.2 52 2005 Little Green Data Book Burkina Faso Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in 1993 Group data Sub- Country Saharan Low data Africa income Population (millions) 12.1 705 2,312 Urban population (% of total) 17.6 36.5 30.4 GDP ($ billions) 4.2 439 1,103 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 300 500 440 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 274 23,596 30,456 Agricultural land (% of land area) 37 43 43 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 0.6 4.2 26.7 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 4 145 654 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 225 352 509 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 9 5,191 16,410 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 71 6,435 7,939 Forest area share of total land area (%) 25.9 27.3 26.1 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) 0.2 0.8 0.7 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known 147 Mammal species, threatened 7 Bird species, total breeding 138 Bird species, threatened 2 Nationally protected area (% of land area) 11.5 8.7 7.7 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) .. 2.8 4.1 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) .. 667 493 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 57.5 49.4 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) .. ­56 ­6 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 457 312 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) .. 68.2 47.4 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.1 0.4 0.4 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.1 0.7 0.8 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 108 54 63 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) .. .. .. Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 1,074 5,546 3,583 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 3.1 1.8 11.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 81 85 92 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 51 58 75 Rural (% of rural population) 44 46 70 Urban (% of urban population) 82 82 89 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 12 36 36 Rural (% of rural population) 5 26 24 Urban (% of urban population) 45 55 61 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 207 171 123 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) 6.6 16.9 23.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 7.6 10.6 8.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 2.4 4.7 3.4 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 8.0 5.8 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.5 0.3 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 1.0 0.7 0.8 CO damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.9 1.2 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) 0.5 0.4 0.6 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) ­0.2 0.6 8.9 2005 Little Green Data Book 53 Burundi Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in 1994 Group data Sub- Country Saharan Low data Africa income Population (millions) 7.2 705 2,312 Urban population (% of total) 9.9 36.5 30.4 GDP ($ billions) 0.6 439 1,103 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 90 500 440 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 26 23,596 30,456 Agricultural land (% of land area) 85 43 43 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 5.5 4.2 26.7 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 26 145 654 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 648 352 509 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 9 5,191 16,410 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 1 6,435 7,939 Forest area share of total land area (%) 3.7 27.3 26.1 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) 9.0 0.8 0.7 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known 107 Mammal species, threatened 6 Bird species, total breeding 145 Bird species, threatened 7 Nationally protected area (% of land area) 5.7 8.7 7.7 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) .. 2.8 4.1 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) .. 667 493 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 57.5 49.4 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) .. ­56 ­6 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 457 312 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) .. 68.2 47.4 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.1 0.4 0.4 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.0 0.7 0.8 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 36 54 63 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) .. .. .. Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 555 5,546 3,583 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 2.5 1.8 11.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 64 85 92 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 79 58 75 Rural (% of rural population) 78 46 70 Urban (% of urban population) 90 82 89 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 36 36 36 Rural (% of rural population) 35 26 24 Urban (% of urban population) 47 55 61 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 190 171 123 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) 22.4 16.9 23.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 5.9 10.6 8.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 4.1 4.7 3.4 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 8.0 5.8 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.1 0.5 0.3 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 15.2 0.7 0.8 CO damage (% of GNI) 0.3 0.9 1.2 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) 0.1 0.4 0.6 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 5.0 0.6 8.9 54 2005 Little Green Data Book Cambodia Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in 1999 Group data East Country Asia & Low data Pacific income Population (millions) 13.4 1,855 2,312 Urban population (% of total) 18.6 39.1 30.4 GDP ($ billions) 4.2 2,033 1,103 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 300 1,070 440 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 177 15,886 30,456 Agricultural land (% of land area) 30 50 43 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 7.1 .. 26.7 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) .. 2,297 654 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 292 565 509 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 413 60,812 16,410 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 93 4,284 7,939 Forest area share of total land area (%) 52.9 27.0 26.1 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) 0.6 0.2 0.7 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known 123 Mammal species, threatened 24 Bird species, total breeding 183 Bird species, threatened 19 Nationally protected area (% of land area) 18.5 9.2 7.7 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) .. 4.6 4.1 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) .. 904 493 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 19.6 49.4 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) .. ­4 ­6 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 891 312 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) .. 66.8 47.4 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.0 0.5 0.4 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.0 2.1 0.8 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 69 69 63 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) 312 10 .. Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 9,027 5,103 3,583 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 0.4 8.2 11.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 94 81 92 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 34 78 75 Rural (% of rural population) 29 69 70 Urban (% of urban population) 58 92 89 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 16 49 36 Rural (% of rural population) 8 35 24 Urban (% of urban population) 53 71 61 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 140 41 123 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) 21.0 41.7 23.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 7.8 9.2 8.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 2.0 2.3 3.4 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 3.9 5.8 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.3 0.3 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.9 0.1 0.8 CO damage (% of GNI) 0.1 1.8 1.2 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) 0.1 0.8 0.6 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 14.2 27.9 8.9 2005 Little Green Data Book 55 Cameroon Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in .. Group data Sub- Country Saharan Low data Africa income Population (millions) 16.1 705 2,312 Urban population (% of total) 51.2 36.5 30.4 GDP ($ billions) 12.5 439 1,103 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 630 500 440 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 465 23,596 30,456 Agricultural land (% of land area) 20 43 43 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 0.5 4.2 26.7 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 59 145 654 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 131 352 509 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 111 5,191 16,410 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 239 6,435 7,939 Forest area share of total land area (%) 51.3 27.3 26.1 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) 0.9 0.8 0.7 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known 409 Mammal species, threatened 40 Bird species, total breeding 165 Bird species, threatened 15 Nationally protected area (% of land area) 4.5 8.7 7.7 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) 4.7 2.8 4.1 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) 417 667 493 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 79.2 57.5 49.4 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) ­83 ­56 ­6 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 161 457 312 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) .. 68.2 47.4 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.2 0.4 0.4 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.4 0.7 0.8 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 85 54 63 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) .. .. .. Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 16,970 5,546 3,583 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 0.1 1.8 11.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 35 85 92 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 63 58 75 Rural (% of rural population) 41 46 70 Urban (% of urban population) 84 82 89 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 48 36 36 Rural (% of rural population) 33 26 24 Urban (% of urban population) 63 55 61 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 166 171 123 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) 11.9 16.9 23.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 9.2 10.6 8.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 2.3 4.7 3.4 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 5.2 8.0 5.8 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.5 0.3 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.7 0.8 CO damage (% of GNI) 0.5 0.9 1.2 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) 0.7 0.4 0.6 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) ­1.4 0.6 8.9 56 2005 Little Green Data Book Canada Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in 1990 Group data Country High data income Population (millions) 31.6 972 Urban population (% of total) 79.3 79.9 GDP ($ billions) 857 29,341 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 24,470 28,600 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 9,221 31,030 Agricultural land (% of land area) 8 36 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 1.7 12.3 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 571 1,198 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 14 202 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 1,202 28,712 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 2,446 7,929 Forest area share of total land area (%) 26.5 25.9 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) 0.0 ­0.1 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known 193 Mammal species, threatened 14 Bird species, total breeding 310 Bird species, threatened 8 Nationally protected area (% of land area) 11.1 19.5 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) 3.6 5.2 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) 7,973 5,395 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 4.5 3.1 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) ­54 26 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 15,613 8,693 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) 19.5 38.2 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.5 0.5 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 14.2 12.4 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 22 33 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) 559 436 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 90,104 9,479 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 1.6 9.7 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 12 42 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 100 99 Rural (% of rural population) 99 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 100 .. Rural (% of rural population) 99 .. Urban (% of urban population) 100 .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 7 7 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) 20.5 19.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 13.0 13.2 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 6.9 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 4.7 0.8 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.1 0.0 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 CO damage (% of GNI) 0.4 0.3 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.3 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 9.0 9.2 2005 Little Green Data Book 57 Cape Verde Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in .. Group data Sub- Lower Country Saharan middle data Africa income Population (millions) 0.5 705 2,655 Urban population (% of total) 65.7 36.5 49.8 GDP ($ billions) 0.8 439 4,168 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 1,440 500 1,490 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 4 23,596 56,103 Agricultural land (% of land area) 16 43 35 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 6.7 4.2 20.8 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 52 145 1,170 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 387 352 497 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 10 5,191 74,407 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 1 6,435 20,316 Forest area share of total land area (%) 21.1 27.3 36.2 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) ­9.3 0.8 0.1 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known .. Mammal species, threatened 3 Bird species, total breeding .. Bird species, threatened 2 Nationally protected area (% of land area) .. 8.7 7.7 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) .. 2.8 4.1 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) .. 667 1,227 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 57.5 12.3 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) .. ­56 ­22 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 457 1,289 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) .. 68.2 42.8 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.1 0.4 0.6 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.3 0.7 2.9 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) .. 54 49 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) .. .. 28 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 655 5,546 8,397 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) .. 1.8 5.9 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 88 85 74 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 80 58 82 Rural (% of rural population) 73 46 71 Urban (% of urban population) 86 82 94 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 42 36 60 Rural (% of rural population) 19 26 41 Urban (% of urban population) 61 55 80 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 35 171 39 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) 8.8 16.9 30.6 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 9.9 10.6 9.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 3.9 4.7 3.2 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 8.0 8.1 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.5 0.4 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.7 0.1 CO damage (% of GNI) 0.1 0.9 1.6 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) .. 0.4 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 2.7 0.6 13.2 58 2005 Little Green Data Book Cayman Islands Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in 1990 Group data Country High data income Population (millions) 0.0 972 Urban population (% of total) 100.0 79.9 GDP ($ billions) .. 29,341 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) .. 28,600 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 0 31,030 Agricultural land (% of land area) 12 36 Irrigated land (% of crop land) .. 12.3 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) .. 1,198 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) .. 202 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 0 28,712 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 0 7,929 Forest area share of total land area (%) 50.0 25.9 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) 0.0 ­0.1 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known .. Mammal species, threatened 0 Bird species, total breeding .. Bird species, threatened 1 Nationally protected area (% of land area) .. 19.5 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) .. 5.2 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) .. 5,395 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 3.1 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) .. 26 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 8,693 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) .. 38.2 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) .. 0.5 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) .. 12.4 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 33 33 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) .. 436 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) .. 9,479 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) .. 9.7 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) .. 42 Access to improved water source (% of total population) .. 99 Rural (% of rural population) .. 98 Urban (% of urban population) .. 100 Access to sanitation (% of total population) .. .. Rural (% of rural population) .. .. Urban (% of urban population) .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) .. 7 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) .. 19.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) .. 13.2 Education expenditure (% of GNI) .. 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.8 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.0 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.0 CO damage (% of GNI) .. 0.3 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) .. 0.3 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 9.2 2005 Little Green Data Book 59 Central African Republic Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in .. Group data Sub- Country Saharan Low data Africa income Population (millions) 3.9 705 2,312 Urban population (% of total) 42.7 36.5 30.4 GDP ($ billions) 1.2 439 1,103 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 260 500 440 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 623 23,596 30,456 Agricultural land (% of land area) 8 43 43 Irrigated land (% of crop land) .. 4.2 26.7 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 3 145 654 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 114 352 509 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 15 5,191 16,410 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 229 6,435 7,939 Forest area share of total land area (%) 36.8 27.3 26.1 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) 0.1 0.8 0.7 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known 209 Mammal species, threatened 14 Bird species, total breeding 168 Bird species, threatened 3 Nationally protected area (% of land area) 8.7 8.7 7.7 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) .. 2.8 4.1 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) .. 667 493 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 57.5 49.4 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) .. ­56 ­6 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 457 312 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) .. 68.2 47.4 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.1 0.4 0.4 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.1 0.7 0.8 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 49 54 63 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) .. .. .. Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 36,332 5,546 3,583 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 0.1 1.8 11.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 74 85 92 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 75 58 75 Rural (% of rural population) 61 46 70 Urban (% of urban population) 93 82 89 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 27 36 36 Rural (% of rural population) 12 26 24 Urban (% of urban population) 47 55 61 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 180 171 123 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) 11.6 16.9 23.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 7.5 10.6 8.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 1.6 4.7 3.4 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 8.0 5.8 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.5 0.3 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.7 0.8 CO damage (% of GNI) 0.1 0.9 1.2 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) 0.4 0.4 0.6 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 5.2 0.6 8.9 60 2005 Little Green Data Book Chad Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in 1990 Group data Sub- Country Saharan Low data Africa income Population (millions) 8.6 705 2,312 Urban population (% of total) 25.0 36.5 30.4 GDP ($ billions) 2.6 439 1,103 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 240 500 440 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 1,259 23,596 30,456 Agricultural land (% of land area) 39 43 43 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 0.6 4.2 26.7 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 49 145 654 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 175 352 509 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 84 5,191 16,410 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 127 6,435 7,939 Forest area share of total land area (%) 10.1 27.3 26.1 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) 0.6 0.8 0.7 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known 134 Mammal species, threatened 17 Bird species, total breeding 141 Bird species, threatened 5 Nationally protected area (% of land area) 9.1 8.7 7.7 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) .. 2.8 4.1 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) .. 667 493 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 57.5 49.4 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) .. ­56 ­6 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 457 312 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) .. 68.2 47.4 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.0 0.4 0.4 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.0 0.7 0.8 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 161 54 63 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) .. .. .. Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 1,748 5,546 3,583 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 1.3 1.8 11.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 82 85 92 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 34 58 75 Rural (% of rural population) 32 46 70 Urban (% of urban population) 40 82 89 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 8 36 36 Rural (% of rural population) 0 26 24 Urban (% of urban population) 30 55 61 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 200 171 123 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) 11.9 16.9 23.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 8.3 10.6 8.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 1.4 4.7 3.4 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 8.0 5.8 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.5 0.3 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.7 0.8 CO damage (% of GNI) 0.0 0.9 1.2 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) .. 0.4 0.6 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 5.1 0.6 8.9 2005 Little Green Data Book 61 Channel Islands Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in .. Group data Country High data income Population (millions) 0.1 972 Urban population (% of total) 29.0 79.9 GDP ($ billions) .. 29,341 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) .. 28,600 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 0 31,030 Agricultural land (% of land area) .. 36 Irrigated land (% of crop land) .. 12.3 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) .. 1,198 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) .. 202 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) .. 28,712 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) .. 7,929 Forest area share of total land area (%) .. 25.9 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) .. ­0.1 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known .. Mammal species, threatened .. Bird species, total breeding .. Bird species, threatened .. Nationally protected area (% of land area) .. 19.5 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) .. 5.2 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) .. 5,395 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 3.1 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) .. 26 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 8,693 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) .. 38.2 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) .. 0.5 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) .. 12.4 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) .. 33 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) .. 436 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) .. 9,479 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) .. 9.7 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) .. 42 Access to improved water source (% of total population) .. 99 Rural (% of rural population) .. 98 Urban (% of urban population) .. 100 Access to sanitation (% of total population) .. .. Rural (% of rural population) .. .. Urban (% of urban population) .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) .. 7 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) .. 19.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) .. 13.2 Education expenditure (% of GNI) .. 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.8 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.0 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.0 CO damage (% of GNI) .. 0.3 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) .. 0.3 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 9.2 62 2005 Little Green Data Book Chile Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in .. Group data Latin Upper Country America & middle data Caribbean income Population (millions) 15.8 533 333 Urban population (% of total) 86.6 76.6 75.4 GDP ($ billions) 72.4 1,741 1,856 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 4,360 3,280 5,440 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 749 20,057 12,741 Agricultural land (% of land area) 20 39 48 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 82.4 12.5 13.5 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 2,296 892 796 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 108 210 193 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 4,363 17,804 10,082 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 155 9,552 2,427 Forest area share of total land area (%) 20.7 47.6 19.1 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) 0.1 0.5 0.6 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known 91 Mammal species, threatened 21 Bird species, total breeding 157 Bird species, threatened 22 Nationally protected area (% of land area) 18.9 11.2 17.3 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) 6.0 6.1 4.3 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) 1,585 1,156 2,232 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 17.4 14.6 4.1 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) 64 ­42 ­91 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 2,617 1,506 2,496 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) 19.0 5.0 23.9 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.4 0.4 0.6 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 3.9 2.7 6.3 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 65 40 29 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) 87 .. 153 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 56,042 25,245 10,741 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 2.3 2.0 5.7 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 84 74 71 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 95 89 .. Rural (% of rural population) 59 69 .. Urban (% of urban population) 100 96 96 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 92 74 .. Rural (% of rural population) 64 44 .. Urban (% of urban population) 96 84 .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 9 33 22 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) 24.5 19.5 22.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 10.1 10.3 10.7 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 3.8 4.2 5.0 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.4 6.4 11.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 5.9 0.7 0.3 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 0.0 CO damage (% of GNI) 0.6 0.5 0.8 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) 1.0 0.5 0.6 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 10.3 5.3 3.3 2005 Little Green Data Book 63 China Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in 1994 Group data East Lower Country Asia & middle data Pacific income Population (millions) 1,288.4 1,855 2,655 Urban population (% of total) 38.7 39.1 49.8 GDP ($ billions) 1,417.0 2,033 4,168 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 1,100 1,070 1,490 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 9,327 15,886 56,103 Agricultural land (% of land area) 60 50 35 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 35.7 .. 20.8 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 2,777 2,297 1,170 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 559 565 497 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 44,100 60,812 74,407 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 1,635 4,284 20,316 Forest area share of total land area (%) 17.5 27.0 36.2 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) ­1.2 0.2 0.1 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known 394 Mammal species, threatened 79 Bird species, total breeding 618 Bird species, threatened 74 Nationally protected area (% of land area) 7.8 9.2 7.7 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) 4.6 4.6 4.1 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) 960 904 1,227 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 17.7 19.6 12.3 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) 1 ­4 ­22 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 987 891 1,289 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) 77.5 66.8 42.8 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.6 0.5 0.6 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 2.2 2.1 2.9 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 87 69 49 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) 7 10 28 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 2,183 5,103 8,397 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 18.7 8.2 5.9 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 78 81 74 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 77 78 82 Rural (% of rural population) 68 69 71 Urban (% of urban population) 92 92 94 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 44 49 60 Rural (% of rural population) 29 35 41 Urban (% of urban population) 69 71 80 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 37 41 39 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) 47.8 41.7 30.6 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 9.2 9.2 9.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 2.0 2.3 3.2 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 2.9 3.9 8.1 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.2 0.3 0.4 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.1 0.1 CO damage (% of GNI) 2.2 1.8 1.6 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) 1.0 0.8 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 34.4 27.9 13.2 64 2005 Little Green Data Book Colombia Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in 1998 Group data Latin Lower Country America & middle data Caribbean income Population (millions) 44.6 533 2,655 Urban population (% of total) 76.5 76.6 49.8 GDP ($ billions) 78.7 1,741 4,168 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 1,810 3,280 1,490 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 1,039 20,057 56,103 Agricultural land (% of land area) 44 39 35 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 23.4 12.5 20.8 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 3,016 892 1,170 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 459 210 497 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 190 17,804 74,407 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 496 9,552 20,316 Forest area share of total land area (%) 47.8 47.6 36.2 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) 0.4 0.5 0.1 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known 359 Mammal species, threatened 41 Bird species, total breeding 708 Bird species, threatened 78 Nationally protected area (% of land area) 10.2 11.2 7.7 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) 9.8 6.1 4.1 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) 625 1,156 1,227 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 18.0 14.6 12.3 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) ­164 ­42 ­22 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 817 1,506 1,289 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) 6.7 5.0 42.8 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.2 0.4 0.6 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 1.4 2.7 2.9 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 25 40 49 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) 43 .. 28 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 47,371 25,245 8,397 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 0.4 2.0 5.9 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 37 74 74 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 92 89 82 Rural (% of rural population) 71 69 71 Urban (% of urban population) 99 96 94 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 86 74 60 Rural (% of rural population) 54 44 41 Urban (% of urban population) 96 84 80 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 21 33 39 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) 14.6 19.5 30.6 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 10.2 10.3 9.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 3.1 4.2 3.2 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 7.7 6.4 8.1 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.3 0.7 0.4 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 0.1 CO damage (% of GNI) 0.6 0.5 1.6 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) 0.1 0.5 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) ­1.1 5.3 13.2 2005 Little Green Data Book 65 Comoros Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in .. Group data Sub- Country Saharan Low data Africa income Population (millions) 0.6 705 2,312 Urban population (% of total) 35.0 36.5 30.4 GDP ($ billions) 0.3 439 1,103 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 450 500 440 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 2 23,596 30,456 Agricultural land (% of land area) 66 43 43 Irrigated land (% of crop land) .. 4.2 26.7 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 38 145 654 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 480 352 509 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 12 5,191 16,410 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 0 6,435 7,939 Forest area share of total land area (%) 3.6 27.3 26.1 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) 4.0 0.8 0.7 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known .. Mammal species, threatened 2 Bird species, total breeding .. Bird species, threatened 9 Nationally protected area (% of land area) .. 8.7 7.7 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) .. 2.8 4.1 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) .. 667 493 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 57.5 49.4 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) .. ­56 ­6 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 457 312 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) .. 68.2 47.4 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.1 0.4 0.4 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.1 0.7 0.8 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 51 54 63 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) .. .. .. Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 1,707 5,546 3,583 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) .. 1.8 11.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) .. 85 92 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 94 58 75 Rural (% of rural population) 96 46 70 Urban (% of urban population) 90 82 89 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 23 36 36 Rural (% of rural population) 15 26 24 Urban (% of urban population) 38 55 61 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 73 171 123 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) 0.7 16.9 23.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 8.2 10.6 8.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 4.2 4.7 3.4 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 8.0 5.8 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.5 0.3 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.7 0.8 CO damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.9 1.2 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) .. 0.4 0.6 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) ­3.4 0.6 8.9 66 2005 Little Green Data Book Congo, Dem. Rep. Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in .. Group data Sub- Country Saharan Low data Africa income Population (millions) 53.2 705 2,312 Urban population (% of total) .. 36.5 30.4 GDP ($ billions) 5.7 439 1,103 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 100 500 440 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 2,267 23,596 30,456 Agricultural land (% of land area) 10 43 43 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 0.1 4.2 26.7 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 16 145 654 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) .. 352 509 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 209 5,191 16,410 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 1,352 6,435 7,939 Forest area share of total land area (%) 59.6 27.3 26.1 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) 0.4 0.8 0.7 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known 200 Mammal species, threatened 15 Bird species, total breeding 130 Bird species, threatened 3 Nationally protected area (% of land area) 5.0 8.7 7.7 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) 2.2 2.8 4.1 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) 299 667 493 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 93.6 57.5 49.4 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) ­5 ­56 ­6 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 43 457 312 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) .. 68.2 47.4 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.1 0.4 0.4 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.1 0.7 0.8 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 51 54 63 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) .. .. .. Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 16,932 5,546 3,583 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 0.0 1.8 11.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 23 85 92 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 46 58 75 Rural (% of rural population) 29 46 70 Urban (% of urban population) 83 82 89 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 29 36 36 Rural (% of rural population) 23 26 24 Urban (% of urban population) 43 55 61 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 205 171 123 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) .. 16.9 23.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 6.6 10.6 8.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 0.9 4.7 3.4 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 2.2 8.0 5.8 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.5 0.3 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.7 0.8 CO damage (% of GNI) 0.3 0.9 1.2 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) 0.0 0.4 0.6 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 0.6 8.9 2005 Little Green Data Book 67 Congo, Rep. Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in .. Group data Sub- Country Saharan Low data Africa income Population (millions) 3.8 705 2,312 Urban population (% of total) 67.3 36.5 30.4 GDP ($ billions) 3.6 439 1,103 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 650 500 440 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 342 23,596 30,456 Agricultural land (% of land area) 30 43 43 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 0.4 4.2 26.7 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 12 145 654 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 642 352 509 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 42 5,191 16,410 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 221 6,435 7,939 Forest area share of total land area (%) 64.6 27.3 26.1 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) 0.1 0.8 0.7 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known 450 Mammal species, threatened 40 Bird species, total breeding 345 Bird species, threatened 28 Nationally protected area (% of land area) 6.5 8.7 7.7 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) 3.7 2.8 4.1 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) 252 667 493 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 67.3 57.5 49.4 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) ­1,330 ­56 ­6 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 82 457 312 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) .. 68.2 47.4 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.5 0.4 0.4 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.5 0.7 0.8 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 90 54 63 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) .. .. .. Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 59,086 5,546 3,583 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 0.0 1.8 11.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 11 85 92 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 46 58 75 Rural (% of rural population) 17 46 70 Urban (% of urban population) 72 82 89 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 9 36 36 Rural (% of rural population) 2 26 24 Urban (% of urban population) 14 55 61 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 108 171 123 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) 29.8 16.9 23.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 11.9 10.6 8.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 5.9 4.7 3.4 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 49.3 8.0 5.8 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.2 0.5 0.3 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.7 0.8 CO damage (% of GNI) 0.6 0.9 1.2 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) .. 0.4 0.6 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) ­26.3 0.6 8.9 68 2005 Little Green Data Book Costa Rica Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in 1990 Group data Latin Upper Country America & middle data Caribbean income Population (millions) 4.0 533 333 Urban population (% of total) 60.6 76.6 75.4 GDP ($ billions) 17.4 1,741 1,856 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 4,300 3,280 5,440 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 51 20,057 12,741 Agricultural land (% of land area) 56 39 48 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 20.6 12.5 13.5 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 6,736 892 796 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 700 210 193 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 35 17,804 10,082 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 20 9,552 2,427 Forest area share of total land area (%) 38.5 47.6 19.1 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) 0.8 0.5 0.6 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known 205 Mammal species, threatened 14 Bird species, total breeding 279 Bird species, threatened 13 Nationally protected area (% of land area) 23.0 11.2 17.3 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) 9.4 6.1 4.3 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) 904 1,156 2,232 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 7.5 14.6 4.1 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) 51 ­42 ­91 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 1,611 1,506 2,496 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) .. 5.0 23.9 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.2 0.4 0.6 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 1.4 2.7 6.3 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 38 40 29 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) .. .. 153 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 27,967 25,245 10,741 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 5.2 2.0 5.7 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 80 74 71 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 97 89 .. Rural (% of rural population) 92 69 .. Urban (% of urban population) 100 96 96 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 92 74 .. Rural (% of rural population) 97 44 .. Urban (% of urban population) 89 84 .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 10 33 22 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) 15.3 19.5 22.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 6.0 10.3 10.7 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 4.9 4.2 5.0 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 6.4 11.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.7 0.3 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.3 0.0 0.0 CO damage (% of GNI) 0.3 0.5 0.8 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) 0.3 0.5 0.6 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 13.4 5.3 3.3 2005 Little Green Data Book 69 Côte d'Ivoire Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in 1994 Group data Sub- Country Saharan Low data Africa income Population (millions) 16.8 705 2,312 Urban population (% of total) 44.9 36.5 30.4 GDP ($ billions) 13.7 439 1,103 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 660 500 440 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 318 23,596 30,456 Agricultural land (% of land area) 64 43 43 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 1.1 4.2 26.7 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 352 145 654 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 296 352 509 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 75 5,191 16,410 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 71 6,435 7,939 Forest area share of total land area (%) 22.4 27.3 26.1 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) 3.1 0.8 0.7 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known 230 Mammal species, threatened 19 Bird species, total breeding 252 Bird species, threatened 12 Nationally protected area (% of land area) 6.0 8.7 7.7 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) 3.7 2.8 4.1 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) 397 667 493 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 66.0 57.5 49.4 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) 0 ­56 ­6 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 457 312 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) .. 68.2 47.4 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.4 0.4 0.4 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.7 0.7 0.8 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 64 54 63 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) .. .. .. Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 4,574 5,546 3,583 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 0.9 1.8 11.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 67 85 92 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 84 58 75 Rural (% of rural population) 74 46 70 Urban (% of urban population) 98 82 89 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 40 36 36 Rural (% of rural population) 23 26 24 Urban (% of urban population) 61 55 61 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 192 171 123 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) 14.8 16.9 23.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 9.2 10.6 8.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 4.5 4.7 3.4 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 2.6 8.0 5.8 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.5 0.3 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.6 0.7 0.8 CO damage (% of GNI) 0.4 0.9 1.2 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) 0.6 0.4 0.6 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 5.8 0.6 8.9 70 2005 Little Green Data Book Croatia Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in .. Group data Europe & Upper Country Central middle data Asia income Population (millions) 4.4 472 333 Urban population (% of total) 59.0 63.8 75.4 GDP ($ billions) 28.8 1,403 1,856 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 5,370 2,580 5,440 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 56 23,868 12,741 Agricultural land (% of land area) 56 28 48 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 0.3 10.9 13.5 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 1,176 344 796 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 126 122 193 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 28 5,527 10,082 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 18 9,463 2,427 Forest area share of total land area (%) 31.9 39.6 19.1 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) ­0.1 ­0.1 0.6 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known 76 Mammal species, threatened 9 Bird species, total breeding 224 Bird species, threatened 4 Nationally protected area (% of land area) 7.5 6.8 17.3 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) 5.3 2.5 4.3 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) 1,852 2,697 2,232 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 3.6 2.3 4.1 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) 55 ­23 ­91 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 2,855 2,808 2,496 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) 17.3 29.4 23.9 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.5 1.1 0.6 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 4.5 6.7 6.3 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 37 33 29 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) 280 138 153 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 8,550 11,128 10,741 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 2.1 7.4 5.7 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 0 57 71 Access to improved water source (% of total population) .. 91 .. Rural (% of rural population) .. 80 .. Urban (% of urban population) .. 98 96 Access to sanitation (% of total population) .. 82 .. Rural (% of rural population) .. 64 .. Urban (% of urban population) .. 93 .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 7 36 22 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) 22.2 21.9 22.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 12.0 10.7 10.7 Education expenditure (% of GNI) .. 4.1 5.0 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 1.1 11.6 11.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.1 0.3 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 0.0 CO damage (% of GNI) 0.6 1.9 0.8 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) 0.3 0.6 0.6 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 1.1 3.3 2005 Little Green Data Book 71 Cuba Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in .. Group data Latin Lower Country America & middle data Caribbean income Population (millions) 11.3 533 2,655 Urban population (% of total) 75.9 76.6 49.8 GDP ($ billions) .. 1,741 4,168 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) .. 3,280 1,490 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 110 20,057 56,103 Agricultural land (% of land area) 61 39 35 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 23.0 12.5 20.8 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 457 892 1,170 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 103 210 497 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 110 17,804 74,407 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 23 9,552 20,316 Forest area share of total land area (%) 21.4 47.6 36.2 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) ­1.3 0.5 0.1 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known 31 Mammal species, threatened 11 Bird species, total breeding 86 Bird species, threatened 18 Nationally protected area (% of land area) 69.1 11.2 7.7 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) .. 6.1 4.1 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) 1,262 1,156 1,227 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 17.1 14.6 12.3 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) 54 ­42 ­22 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 1,094 1,506 1,289 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) .. 5.0 42.8 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) .. 0.4 0.6 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 2.8 2.7 2.9 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 25 40 49 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) 16 .. 28 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 3,355 25,245 8,397 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 13.7 2.0 5.9 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 51 74 74 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 91 89 82 Rural (% of rural population) 78 69 71 Urban (% of urban population) 95 96 94 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 98 74 60 Rural (% of rural population) 95 44 41 Urban (% of urban population) 99 84 80 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 8 33 39 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) .. 19.5 30.6 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) .. 10.3 9.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 6.1 4.2 3.2 Energy depletion (% of GNI) .. 6.4 8.1 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.7 0.4 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.0 0.1 CO damage (% of GNI) .. 0.5 1.6 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) .. 0.5 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 5.3 13.2 72 2005 Little Green Data Book Cyprus Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in .. Group data Country High data income Population (millions) 0.8 972 Urban population (% of total) 70.9 79.9 GDP ($ billions) 11 29,341 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) .. 28,600 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 9 31,030 Agricultural land (% of land area) 13 36 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 35.4 12.3 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 2,140 1,198 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 313 202 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 78 28,712 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 2 7,929 Forest area share of total land area (%) 18.6 25.9 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) ­3.8 ­0.1 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known .. Mammal species, threatened 3 Bird species, total breeding .. Bird species, threatened 3 Nationally protected area (% of land area) .. 19.5 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) 5.5 5.2 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) 3,225 5,395 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 0.4 3.1 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) 98 26 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 4,425 8,693 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) .. 38.2 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.5 0.5 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 8.5 12.4 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 55 33 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) 404 436 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 1,046 9,479 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) .. 9.7 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 71 42 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 100 99 Rural (% of rural population) 100 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 100 .. Rural (% of rural population) 100 .. Urban (% of urban population) 100 .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 5 7 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) .. 19.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) .. 13.2 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 5.3 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.8 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.0 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.0 CO damage (% of GNI) .. 0.3 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) .. 0.3 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 9.2 2005 Little Green Data Book 73 Czech Republic Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in 1994 Group data Europe & Upper Country Central middle data Asia income Population (millions) 10.2 472 333 Urban population (% of total) 74.7 63.8 75.4 GDP ($ billions) 89.7 1,403 1,856 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 7,150 2,580 5,440 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 77 23,868 12,741 Agricultural land (% of land area) 55 28 48 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 0.7 10.9 13.5 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 1,202 344 796 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 84 122 193 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 25 5,527 10,082 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 26 9,463 2,427 Forest area share of total land area (%) 34.1 39.6 19.1 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) 0.0 ­0.1 0.6 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known 81 Mammal species, threatened 8 Bird species, total breeding 205 Bird species, threatened 2 Nationally protected area (% of land area) 16.1 6.8 17.3 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) 3.7 2.5 4.3 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) 4,090 2,697 2,232 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 2.0 2.3 4.1 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) 26 ­23 ­91 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 4,982 2,808 2,496 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) 66.8 29.4 23.9 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.8 1.1 0.6 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 11.6 6.7 6.3 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 27 33 29 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) 356 138 153 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 1,274 11,128 10,741 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 20.8 7.4 5.7 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 2 57 71 Access to improved water source (% of total population) .. 91 .. Rural (% of rural population) .. 80 .. Urban (% of urban population) .. 98 96 Access to sanitation (% of total population) .. 82 .. Rural (% of rural population) .. 64 .. Urban (% of urban population) .. 93 .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 5 36 22 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) 22.4 21.9 22.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 12.5 10.7 10.7 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 4.0 4.1 5.0 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.1 11.6 11.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.1 0.3 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 0.0 CO damage (% of GNI) 1.0 1.9 0.8 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) 0.1 0.6 0.6 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 12.7 1.1 3.3 74 2005 Little Green Data Book Denmark Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in 1994 Group data Country High data income Population (millions) 5.4 972 Urban population (% of total) 85.1 79.9 GDP ($ billions) 212 29,341 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 33,570 28,600 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 42 31,030 Agricultural land (% of land area) 63 36 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 19.6 12.3 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 1,305 1,198 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 35 202 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 1,552 28,712 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 5 7,929 Forest area share of total land area (%) 10.7 25.9 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) ­0.2 ­0.1 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known 43 Mammal species, threatened 5 Bird species, total breeding 196 Bird species, threatened 1 Nationally protected area (% of land area) 34.0 19.5 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) 8.1 5.2 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) 3,675 5,395 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 10.5 3.1 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) ­46 26 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 6,024 8,693 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) 46.5 38.2 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.3 0.5 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 8.4 12.4 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 23 33 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) 360 436 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 1,114 9,479 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 20.0 9.7 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 43 42 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 100 99 Rural (% of rural population) 100 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Access to sanitation (% of total population) .. .. Rural (% of rural population) .. .. Urban (% of urban population) .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 6 7 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) 23.5 19.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 15.2 13.2 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 7.9 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.7 0.8 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 CO damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.3 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) 0.1 0.3 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 15.2 9.2 2005 Little Green Data Book 75 Djibouti Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in .. Group data Middle East Lower Country & North middle data Africa income Population (millions) 0.7 312 2,655 Urban population (% of total) 84.6 59.0 49.8 GDP ($ billions) 0.6 745 4,168 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 910 2,390 1,490 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 23 11,111 56,103 Agricultural land (% of land area) 56 34 35 Irrigated land (% of crop land) .. 38.3 20.8 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) .. 854 1,170 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 10,830 603 497 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 0 2,840 74,407 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 0 168 20,316 Forest area share of total land area (%) 0.3 1.5 36.2 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) 0.0 ­0.1 0.1 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known .. Mammal species, threatened 4 Bird species, total breeding .. Bird species, threatened 5 Nationally protected area (% of land area) .. 11.3 7.7 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) .. 3.5 4.1 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) .. 1,504 1,227 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 1.0 12.3 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) .. ­168 ­22 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 1,412 1,289 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) .. 2.3 42.8 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.3 0.8 0.6 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.6 4.2 2.9 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) .. 87 49 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) .. .. 28 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 433 761 8,397 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) .. 101.7 5.9 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 87 88 74 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 80 88 82 Rural (% of rural population) 67 78 71 Urban (% of urban population) 82 96 94 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 50 75 60 Rural (% of rural population) 27 56 41 Urban (% of urban population) 55 90 80 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 138 53 39 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) .. 31.2 30.6 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 8.6 10.0 9.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) .. 5.5 3.2 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 30.7 8.1 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.1 0.4 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 0.1 CO damage (% of GNI) 0.4 1.2 1.6 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) .. 0.8 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. ­6.2 13.2 76 2005 Little Green Data Book Dominica Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in .. Group data Latin Upper Country America & middle data Caribbean income Population (millions) 0.1 533 333 Urban population (% of total) 72.0 76.6 75.4 GDP ($ billions) 0.3 1,741 1,856 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 3,330 3,280 5,440 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 1 20,057 12,741 Agricultural land (% of land area) 29 39 48 Irrigated land (% of crop land) .. 12.5 13.5 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 1,086 892 796 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 402 210 193 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 1 17,804 10,082 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 0 9,552 2,427 Forest area share of total land area (%) 61.3 47.6 19.1 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) 0.8 0.5 0.6 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known .. Mammal species, threatened 1 Bird species, total breeding .. Bird species, threatened 3 Nationally protected area (% of land area) .. 11.2 17.3 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) .. 6.1 4.3 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) .. 1,156 2,232 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 14.6 4.1 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) .. ­42 ­91 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 1,506 2,496 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) .. 5.0 23.9 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.2 0.4 0.6 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 1.4 2.7 6.3 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 28 40 29 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) .. .. 153 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) .. 25,245 10,741 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) .. 2.0 5.7 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 0 74 71 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 97 89 .. Rural (% of rural population) 90 69 .. Urban (% of urban population) 100 96 96 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 83 74 .. Rural (% of rural population) 75 44 .. Urban (% of urban population) 86 84 .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 14 33 22 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) 0.5 19.5 22.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 11.6 10.3 10.7 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 5.0 4.2 5.0 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 6.4 11.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.7 0.3 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 0.0 CO damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.5 0.8 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) .. 0.5 0.6 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) ­6.4 5.3 3.3 2005 Little Green Data Book 77 Dominican Republic Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in .. Group data Latin Lower Country America & middle data Caribbean income Population (millions) 8.7 533 2,655 Urban population (% of total) 67.1 76.6 49.8 GDP ($ billions) 16.5 1,741 4,168 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 2,130 3,280 1,490 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 48 20,057 56,103 Agricultural land (% of land area) 76 39 35 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 17.2 12.5 20.8 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 818 892 1,170 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 263 210 497 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 16 17,804 74,407 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 14 9,552 20,316 Forest area share of total land area (%) 28.4 47.6 36.2 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) 0.0 0.5 0.1 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known 20 Mammal species, threatened 5 Bird species, total breeding 79 Bird species, threatened 15 Nationally protected area (% of land area) 51.9 11.2 7.7 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) 6.8 6.1 4.1 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) 948 1,156 1,227 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 17.6 14.6 12.3 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) 81 ­42 ­22 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 853 1,506 1,289 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) 5.5 5.0 42.8 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.5 0.4 0.6 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 3.0 2.7 2.9 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 39 40 49 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) .. .. 28 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 2,403 25,245 8,397 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 39.5 2.0 5.9 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 89 74 74 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 93 89 82 Rural (% of rural population) 85 69 71 Urban (% of urban population) 98 96 94 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 57 74 60 Rural (% of rural population) 43 44 41 Urban (% of urban population) 67 84 80 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 35 33 39 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) 29.4 19.5 30.6 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 5.5 10.3 9.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 2.3 4.2 3.2 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 6.4 8.1 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.5 0.7 0.4 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 0.1 CO damage (% of GNI) 1.2 0.5 1.6 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.5 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 24.3 5.3 13.2 78 2005 Little Green Data Book Ecuador Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in 1993 Group data Latin Lower Country America & middle data Caribbean income Population (millions) 13.0 533 2,655 Urban population (% of total) 64.3 76.6 49.8 GDP ($ billions) 27.2 1,741 4,168 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 1,830 3,280 1,490 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 277 20,057 56,103 Agricultural land (% of land area) 29 39 35 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 29.0 12.5 20.8 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 1,417 892 1,170 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 286 210 497 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 655 17,804 74,407 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 106 9,552 20,316 Forest area share of total land area (%) 38.1 47.6 36.2 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) 1.2 0.5 0.1 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known 302 Mammal species, threatened 33 Bird species, total breeding 640 Bird species, threatened 62 Nationally protected area (% of land area) 18.3 11.2 7.7 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) 4.8 6.1 4.1 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) 706 1,156 1,227 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 8.0 14.6 12.3 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) ­145 ­42 ­22 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 665 1,506 1,289 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) .. 5.0 42.8 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.6 0.4 0.6 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 2.0 2.7 2.9 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 28 40 49 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) 44 .. 28 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 33,210 25,245 8,397 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 3.9 2.0 5.9 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 82 74 74 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 86 89 82 Rural (% of rural population) 77 69 71 Urban (% of urban population) 92 96 94 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 72 74 60 Rural (% of rural population) 59 44 41 Urban (% of urban population) 80 84 80 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 27 33 39 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) 25.1 19.5 30.6 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 10.6 10.3 9.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 3.2 4.2 3.2 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 15.1 6.4 8.1 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.7 0.4 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 0.1 CO damage (% of GNI) 0.6 0.5 1.6 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) 0.1 0.5 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 1.9 5.3 13.2 2005 Little Green Data Book 79 Egypt, Arab Rep. Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in 1992 Group data Middle East Lower Country & North middle data Africa income Population (millions) 67.6 312 2,655 Urban population (% of total) 42.8 59.0 49.8 GDP ($ billions) 82.4 745 4,168 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 1,390 2,390 1,490 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 995 11,111 56,103 Agricultural land (% of land area) 3 34 35 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 100.0 38.3 20.8 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 4,375 854 1,170 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 1,309 603 497 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 772 2,840 74,407 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 1 168 20,316 Forest area share of total land area (%) 0.1 1.5 36.2 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) ­3.3 ­0.1 0.1 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known 98 Mammal species, threatened 13 Bird species, total breeding 123 Bird species, threatened 7 Nationally protected area (% of land area) 9.7 11.3 7.7 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) 4.6 3.5 4.1 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) 789 1,504 1,227 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 2.6 1.0 12.3 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) ­14 ­168 ­22 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 1,073 1,412 1,289 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) .. 2.3 42.8 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.6 0.8 0.6 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 2.2 4.2 2.9 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 152 87 49 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) .. .. 28 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 30 761 8,397 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 3,300.0 101.7 5.9 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 82 88 74 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 98 88 82 Rural (% of rural population) 97 78 71 Urban (% of urban population) 100 96 94 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 68 75 60 Rural (% of rural population) 56 56 41 Urban (% of urban population) 84 90 80 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 39 53 39 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) 20.1 31.2 30.6 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 9.3 10.0 9.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 4.4 5.5 3.2 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 7.7 30.7 8.1 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.1 0.1 0.4 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.2 0.0 0.1 CO damage (% of GNI) 1.1 1.2 1.6 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) 1.4 0.8 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 4.8 ­6.2 13.2 80 2005 Little Green Data Book El Salvador Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in 1994 Group data Latin Lower Country America & middle data Caribbean income Population (millions) 6.5 533 2,655 Urban population (% of total) 63.5 76.6 49.8 GDP ($ billions) 14.9 1,741 4,168 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 2,340 3,280 1,490 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 21 20,057 56,103 Agricultural land (% of land area) 82 39 35 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 4.9 12.5 20.8 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 838 892 1,170 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 365 210 497 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 18 17,804 74,407 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 1 9,552 20,316 Forest area share of total land area (%) 5.8 47.6 36.2 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) 4.6 0.5 0.1 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known 135 Mammal species, threatened 2 Bird species, total breeding 141 Bird species, threatened 0 Nationally protected area (% of land area) 0.4 11.2 7.7 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) 7.1 6.1 4.1 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) 670 1,156 1,227 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 33.1 14.6 12.3 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) 45 ­42 ­22 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 595 1,506 1,289 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) .. 5.0 42.8 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.2 0.4 0.6 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 1.1 2.7 2.9 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 43 40 49 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) 30 .. 28 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 2,755 25,245 8,397 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 3.9 2.0 5.9 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 46 74 74 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 82 89 82 Rural (% of rural population) 68 69 71 Urban (% of urban population) 91 96 94 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 63 74 60 Rural (% of rural population) 40 44 41 Urban (% of urban population) 78 84 80 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 36 33 39 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) 16.4 19.5 30.6 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 9.8 10.3 9.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 2.4 4.2 3.2 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 6.4 8.1 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.7 0.4 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.5 0.0 0.1 CO damage (% of GNI) 0.3 0.5 1.6 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.5 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 8.0 5.3 13.2 2005 Little Green Data Book 81 Equatorial Guinea Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in .. Group data Sub- Country Saharan Low data Africa income Population (millions) 0.5 705 2,312 Urban population (% of total) 51.4 36.5 30.4 GDP ($ billions) 2.9 439 1,103 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) .. 500 440 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 28 23,596 30,456 Agricultural land (% of land area) 12 43 43 Irrigated land (% of crop land) .. 4.2 26.7 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) .. 145 654 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 184 352 509 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 4 5,191 16,410 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 18 6,435 7,939 Forest area share of total land area (%) 62.5 27.3 26.1 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) 0.6 0.8 0.7 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known 184 Mammal species, threatened 16 Bird species, total breeding 172 Bird species, threatened 5 Nationally protected area (% of land area) .. 8.7 7.7 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) .. 2.8 4.1 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) .. 667 493 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 57.5 49.4 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) .. ­56 ­6 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 457 312 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) .. 68.2 47.4 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.0 0.4 0.4 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.4 0.7 0.8 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) .. 54 63 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) .. .. .. Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 52,632 5,546 3,583 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 0.0 1.8 11.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 6 85 92 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 44 58 75 Rural (% of rural population) 42 46 70 Urban (% of urban population) 45 82 89 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 53 36 36 Rural (% of rural population) 46 26 24 Urban (% of urban population) 60 55 61 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 146 171 123 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) .. 16.9 23.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) .. 10.6 8.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) .. 4.7 3.4 Energy depletion (% of GNI) .. 8.0 5.8 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.5 0.3 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.7 0.8 CO damage (% of GNI) .. 0.9 1.2 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) .. 0.4 0.6 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 0.6 8.9 82 2005 Little Green Data Book Eritrea Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in 1995 Group data Sub- Country Saharan Low data Africa income Population (millions) 4.4 705 2,312 Urban population (% of total) 20.0 36.5 30.4 GDP ($ billions) 0.8 439 1,103 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 190 500 440 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 101 23,596 30,456 Agricultural land (% of land area) 74 43 43 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 4.2 4.2 26.7 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 74 145 654 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 691 352 509 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 9 5,191 16,410 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 16 6,435 7,939 Forest area share of total land area (%) 15.7 27.3 26.1 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) 0.3 0.8 0.7 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known 112 Mammal species, threatened 12 Bird species, total breeding 138 Bird species, threatened 7 Nationally protected area (% of land area) 4.3 8.7 7.7 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) .. 2.8 4.1 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) .. 667 493 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 57.5 49.4 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) .. ­56 ­6 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 457 312 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) .. 68.2 47.4 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.2 0.4 0.4 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.1 0.7 0.8 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 80 54 63 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) .. .. .. Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 683 5,546 3,583 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) .. 1.8 11.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) .. 85 92 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 57 58 75 Rural (% of rural population) 54 46 70 Urban (% of urban population) 72 82 89 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 9 36 36 Rural (% of rural population) 3 26 24 Urban (% of urban population) 34 55 61 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 85 171 123 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) 3.0 16.9 23.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 5.5 10.6 8.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 1.4 4.7 3.4 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 8.0 5.8 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.5 0.3 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.7 0.8 CO damage (% of GNI) 0.4 0.9 1.2 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) 0.5 0.4 0.6 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) ­2.0 0.6 8.9 2005 Little Green Data Book 83 Estonia Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in 1998 Group data Europe & Upper Country Central middle data Asia income Population (millions) 1.4 472 333 Urban population (% of total) 69.5 63.8 75.4 GDP ($ billions) 9.1 1,403 1,856 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 5,380 2,580 5,440 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 42 23,868 12,741 Agricultural land (% of land area) 21 28 48 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 0.6 10.9 13.5 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 440 344 796 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 68 122 193 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 106 5,527 10,082 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 21 9,463 2,427 Forest area share of total land area (%) 48.6 39.6 19.1 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) ­0.6 ­0.1 0.6 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known 65 Mammal species, threatened 4 Bird species, total breeding 204 Bird species, threatened 3 Nationally protected area (% of land area) 11.8 6.8 17.3 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) 3.6 2.5 4.3 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) 3,324 2,697 2,232 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 11.6 2.3 4.1 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) 30 ­23 ­91 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 3,882 2,808 2,496 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) 90.9 29.4 23.9 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 1.1 1.1 0.6 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 11.7 6.7 6.3 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 20 33 29 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) 296 138 153 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 9,608 11,128 10,741 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 1.5 7.4 5.7 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 5 57 71 Access to improved water source (% of total population) .. 91 .. Rural (% of rural population) .. 80 .. Urban (% of urban population) .. 98 96 Access to sanitation (% of total population) .. 82 .. Rural (% of rural population) .. 64 .. Urban (% of urban population) 93 93 .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 9 36 22 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) 19.2 21.9 22.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 14.6 10.7 10.7 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 6.3 4.1 5.0 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.6 11.6 11.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.1 0.3 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 0.0 CO damage (% of GNI) 1.8 1.9 0.8 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.6 0.6 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 8.3 1.1 3.3 84 2005 Little Green Data Book Ethiopia Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in 1994 Group data Sub- Country Saharan Low data Africa income Population (millions) 68.6 705 2,312 Urban population (% of total) 16.6 36.5 30.4 GDP ($ billions) 6.7 439 1,103 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 90 500 440 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 1,000 23,596 30,456 Agricultural land (% of land area) 31 43 43 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 1.8 4.2 26.7 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 151 145 654 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 567 352 509 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 15 5,191 16,410 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 46 6,435 7,939 Forest area share of total land area (%) 4.6 27.3 26.1 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) 0.8 0.8 0.7 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known 277 Mammal species, threatened 35 Bird species, total breeding 262 Bird species, threatened 16 Nationally protected area (% of land area) 16.9 8.7 7.7 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) 2.4 2.8 4.1 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) 297 667 493 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 91.7 57.5 49.4 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) 7 ­56 ­6 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 25 457 312 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) .. 68.2 47.4 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.1 0.4 0.4 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.1 0.7 0.8 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 88 54 63 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) 1 .. .. Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 1,603 5,546 3,583 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 2.0 1.8 11.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 86 85 92 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 22 58 75 Rural (% of rural population) 11 46 70 Urban (% of urban population) 81 82 89 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 6 36 36 Rural (% of rural population) 4 26 24 Urban (% of urban population) 19 55 61 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 169 171 123 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) 18.4 16.9 23.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 5.9 10.6 8.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 4.0 4.7 3.4 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 8.0 5.8 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.1 0.5 0.3 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 13.4 0.7 0.8 CO damage (% of GNI) 0.5 0.9 1.2 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) 0.3 0.4 0.6 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 2.1 0.6 8.9 2005 Little Green Data Book 85 Faeroe Islands Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in .. Group data Country High data income Population (millions) 0.0 972 Urban population (% of total) 39.5 79.9 GDP ($ billions) .. 29,341 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) .. 28,600 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 1 31,030 Agricultural land (% of land area) 2 36 Irrigated land (% of crop land) .. 12.3 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) .. 1,198 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) .. 202 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 398 28,712 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) .. 7,929 Forest area share of total land area (%) .. 25.9 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) .. ­0.1 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known .. Mammal species, threatened 3 Bird species, total breeding .. Bird species, threatened 0 Nationally protected area (% of land area) .. 19.5 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) .. 5.2 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) .. 5,395 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 3.1 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) .. 26 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 8,693 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) .. 38.2 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) .. 0.5 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) .. 12.4 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 20 33 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) .. 436 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) .. 9,479 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) .. 9.7 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) .. 42 Access to improved water source (% of total population) .. 99 Rural (% of rural population) .. 98 Urban (% of urban population) .. 100 Access to sanitation (% of total population) .. .. Rural (% of rural population) .. .. Urban (% of urban population) .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) .. 7 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) .. 19.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) .. 13.2 Education expenditure (% of GNI) .. 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.8 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.0 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.0 CO damage (% of GNI) .. 0.3 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) .. 0.3 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 9.2 86 2005 Little Green Data Book Fiji Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in 1994 Group data East Lower Country Asia & middle data Pacific income Population (millions) 0.8 1,855 2,655 Urban population (% of total) 51.7 39.1 49.8 GDP ($ billions) 2.0 2,033 4,168 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 2,240 1,070 1,490 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 18 15,886 56,103 Agricultural land (% of land area) 25 50 35 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 1.1 .. 20.8 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 615 2,297 1,170 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 202 565 497 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 45 60,812 74,407 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 8 4,284 20,316 Forest area share of total land area (%) 44.6 27.0 36.2 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) 0.2 0.2 0.1 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known 4 Mammal species, threatened 5 Bird species, total breeding 47 Bird species, threatened 12 Nationally protected area (% of land area) .. 9.2 7.7 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) .. 4.6 4.1 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) .. 904 1,227 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 19.6 12.3 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) .. ­4 ­22 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 891 1,289 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) .. 66.8 42.8 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.2 0.5 0.6 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.9 2.1 2.9 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 34 69 49 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) .. 10 28 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 34,731 5,103 8,397 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 0.0 8.2 5.9 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 60 81 74 Access to improved water source (% of total population) .. 78 82 Rural (% of rural population) .. 69 71 Urban (% of urban population) .. 92 94 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 98 49 60 Rural (% of rural population) 98 35 41 Urban (% of urban population) 99 71 80 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 20 41 39 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) .. 41.7 30.6 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 10.6 9.2 9.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 4.6 2.3 3.2 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 3.9 8.1 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.6 0.3 0.4 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.1 0.1 CO damage (% of GNI) 0.3 1.8 1.6 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) .. 0.8 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 27.9 13.2 2005 Little Green Data Book 87 Finland Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in 1995 Group data Country High data income Population (millions) 5.2 972 Urban population (% of total) 59.0 79.9 GDP ($ billions) 162 29,341 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 27,060 28,600 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 305 31,030 Agricultural land (% of land area) 7 36 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 2.9 12.3 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 1,332 1,198 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 97 202 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 166 28,712 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 219 7,929 Forest area share of total land area (%) 72.0 25.9 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) 0.0 ­0.1 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known 60 Mammal species, threatened 5 Bird species, total breeding 243 Bird species, threatened 3 Nationally protected area (% of land area) 9.3 19.5 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) 3.7 5.2 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) 6,852 5,395 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 19.9 3.1 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) 55 26 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 15,326 8,693 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) 26.3 38.2 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.4 0.5 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 10.3 12.4 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 21 33 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) 419 436 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 20,530 9,479 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 2.1 9.7 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 3 42 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 100 99 Rural (% of rural population) 100 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 100 .. Rural (% of rural population) 100 .. Urban (% of urban population) 100 .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 4 7 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) 24.5 19.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 16.2 13.2 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 7.0 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.8 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 CO damage (% of GNI) 0.3 0.3 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) 0.1 0.3 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 14.8 9.2 88 2005 Little Green Data Book France Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in 1990 Group data Country High data income Population (millions) 59.8 972 Urban population (% of total) 75.9 79.9 GDP ($ billions) 1,758 29,341 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 24,730 28,600 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 550 31,030 Agricultural land (% of land area) 54 36 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 13.3 12.3 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 2,151 1,198 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 78 202 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 858 28,712 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 153 7,929 Forest area share of total land area (%) 27.9 25.9 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) ­0.4 ­0.1 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known 93 Mammal species, threatened 18 Bird species, total breeding 283 Bird species, threatened 5 Nationally protected area (% of land area) 13.3 19.5 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) 5.8 5.2 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) 4,470 5,395 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 4.2 3.1 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) 49 26 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 6,606 8,693 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) 4.5 38.2 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.2 0.5 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 6.2 12.4 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 17 33 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) 491 436 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 2,995 9,479 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 18.0 9.7 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 10 42 Access to improved water source (% of total population) .. 99 Rural (% of rural population) .. 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Access to sanitation (% of total population) .. .. Rural (% of rural population) .. .. Urban (% of urban population) .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 6 7 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) 20.0 19.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 12.7 13.2 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 5.1 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.8 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 CO damage (% of GNI) 0.1 0.3 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) 0.0 0.3 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 12.3 9.2 2005 Little Green Data Book 89 French Polynesia Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in .. Group data Country High data income Population (millions) 0.2 972 Urban population (% of total) 52.7 79.9 GDP ($ billions) .. 29,341 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) .. 28,600 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 4 31,030 Agricultural land (% of land area) 12 36 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 4.0 12.3 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 4,347 1,198 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 3,781 202 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 15 28,712 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 1 7,929 Forest area share of total land area (%) 28.7 25.9 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) 0.0 ­0.1 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known .. Mammal species, threatened 3 Bird species, total breeding .. Bird species, threatened 23 Nationally protected area (% of land area) .. 19.5 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) .. 5.2 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) .. 5,395 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 3.1 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) .. 26 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 8,693 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) .. 38.2 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.1 0.5 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 2.3 12.4 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) .. 33 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) .. 436 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) .. 9,479 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) .. 9.7 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) .. 42 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 100 99 Rural (% of rural population) 100 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 98 .. Rural (% of rural population) 97 .. Urban (% of urban population) 99 .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) .. 7 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) .. 19.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) .. 13.2 Education expenditure (% of GNI) .. 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.8 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.0 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.0 CO damage (% of GNI) .. 0.3 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) .. 0.3 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 9.2 90 2005 Little Green Data Book Gabon Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in .. Group data Sub- Upper Country Saharan middle data Africa income Population (millions) 1.3 705 333 Urban population (% of total) 83.6 36.5 75.4 GDP ($ billions) 6.1 439 1,856 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 3,340 500 5,440 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 258 23,596 12,741 Agricultural land (% of land area) 20 43 48 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 3.0 4.2 13.5 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 9 145 796 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 69 352 193 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 41 5,191 10,082 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 218 6,435 2,427 Forest area share of total land area (%) 84.7 27.3 19.1 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) 0.0 0.8 0.6 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known 190 Mammal species, threatened 15 Bird species, total breeding 156 Bird species, threatened 5 Nationally protected area (% of land area) 0.7 8.7 17.3 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) 5.1 2.8 4.3 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) 1,209 667 2,232 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 61.9 57.5 4.1 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) ­698 ­56 ­91 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 804 457 2,496 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) .. 68.2 23.9 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.5 0.4 0.6 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 2.8 0.7 6.3 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 21 54 29 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) .. .. 153 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 121,984 5,546 10,741 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 0.1 1.8 5.7 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 6 85 71 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 87 58 .. Rural (% of rural population) 47 46 .. Urban (% of urban population) 95 82 96 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 36 36 .. Rural (% of rural population) 30 26 .. Urban (% of urban population) 37 55 .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 91 171 22 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) 36.4 16.9 22.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 12.8 10.6 10.7 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 2.7 4.7 5.0 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 24.6 8.0 11.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.5 0.3 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.7 0.0 CO damage (% of GNI) 0.5 0.9 0.8 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) 0.1 0.4 0.6 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 1.1 0.6 3.3 2005 Little Green Data Book 91 Gambia, The Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in 1992 Group data Sub- Country Saharan Low data Africa income Population (millions) 1.4 705 2,312 Urban population (% of total) 32.6 36.5 30.4 GDP ($ billions) 0.4 439 1,103 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 270 500 440 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 10 23,596 30,456 Agricultural land (% of land area) 71 43 43 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 0.8 4.2 26.7 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 32 145 654 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 378 352 509 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 35 5,191 16,410 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 5 6,435 7,939 Forest area share of total land area (%) 48.1 27.3 26.1 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) ­1.0 0.8 0.7 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known 117 Mammal species, threatened 3 Bird species, total breeding 154 Bird species, threatened 2 Nationally protected area (% of land area) 2.3 8.7 7.7 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) .. 2.8 4.1 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) .. 667 493 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 57.5 49.4 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) .. ­56 ­6 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 457 312 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) .. 68.2 47.4 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.1 0.4 0.4 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.2 0.7 0.8 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 93 54 63 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) .. .. .. Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 2,111 5,546 3,583 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 0.0 1.8 11.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 91 85 92 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 82 58 75 Rural (% of rural population) 77 46 70 Urban (% of urban population) 95 82 89 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 53 36 36 Rural (% of rural population) 46 26 24 Urban (% of urban population) 72 55 61 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 123 171 123 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) 8.8 16.9 23.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 7.8 10.6 8.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 3.4 4.7 3.4 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 8.0 5.8 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.5 0.3 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.6 0.7 0.8 CO damage (% of GNI) 0.5 0.9 1.2 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) 0.7 0.4 0.6 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 2.5 0.6 8.9 92 2005 Little Green Data Book Georgia Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in 1998 Group data Europe & Lower Country Central middle data Asia income Population (millions) 5.1 472 2,655 Urban population (% of total) 57.0 63.8 49.8 GDP ($ billions) 4.0 1,403 4,168 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 770 2,580 1,490 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 69 23,868 56,103 Agricultural land (% of land area) 43 28 35 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 44.1 10.9 20.8 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 355 344 1,170 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 280 122 497 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 2 5,527 74,407 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 30 9,463 20,316 Forest area share of total land area (%) 43.0 39.6 36.2 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) 0.0 ­0.1 0.1 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known 107 Mammal species, threatened 13 Bird species, total breeding 208 Bird species, threatened 3 Nationally protected area (% of land area) 2.3 6.8 7.7 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) 4.4 2.5 4.1 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) 494 2,697 1,227 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 25.2 2.3 12.3 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) 48 ­23 ­22 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 1,032 2,808 1,289 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) .. 29.4 42.8 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.6 1.1 0.6 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 1.2 6.7 2.9 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 98 33 49 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) 56 138 28 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 11,315 11,128 8,397 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 6.0 7.4 5.9 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 59 57 74 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 76 91 82 Rural (% of rural population) 61 80 71 Urban (% of urban population) 90 98 94 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 83 82 60 Rural (% of rural population) 69 64 41 Urban (% of urban population) 96 93 80 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 45 36 39 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) 14.8 21.9 30.6 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 16.1 10.7 9.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 4.3 4.1 3.2 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.5 11.6 8.1 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.1 0.4 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 0.1 CO damage (% of GNI) 1.0 1.9 1.6 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) 2.5 0.6 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) ­1.0 1.1 13.2 2005 Little Green Data Book 93 Germany Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in .. Group data Country High data income Population (millions) 82.5 972 Urban population (% of total) 88.1 79.9 GDP ($ billions) 2,403 29,341 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 25,270 28,600 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 349 31,030 Agricultural land (% of land area) 49 36 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 4.0 12.3 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 2,200 1,198 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 85 202 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 265 28,712 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 107 7,929 Forest area share of total land area (%) 30.8 25.9 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) 0.0 ­0.1 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known 76 Mammal species, threatened 11 Bird species, total breeding 247 Bird species, threatened 5 Nationally protected area (% of land area) 32.6 19.5 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) 6.2 5.2 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) 4,198 5,395 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 2.6 3.1 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) 61 26 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 6,046 8,693 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) 51.4 38.2 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.4 0.5 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 9.6 12.4 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 22 33 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) 516 436 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 1,296 9,479 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 43.3 9.7 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 20 42 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 100 99 Rural (% of rural population) 100 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Access to sanitation (% of total population) .. .. Rural (% of rural population) .. .. Urban (% of urban population) .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 5 7 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) 20.3 19.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 14.9 13.2 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 4.2 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.1 0.8 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 CO damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.3 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) 0.1 0.3 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 9.3 9.2 94 2005 Little Green Data Book Ghana Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in 1992 Group data Sub- Country Saharan Low data Africa income Population (millions) 20.7 705 2,312 Urban population (% of total) 37.1 36.5 30.4 GDP ($ billions) 7.6 439 1,103 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 320 500 440 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 228 23,596 30,456 Agricultural land (% of land area) 63 43 43 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 0.2 4.2 26.7 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 74 145 654 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 307 352 509 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 451 5,191 16,410 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 63 6,435 7,939 Forest area share of total land area (%) 27.8 27.3 26.1 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) 1.7 0.8 0.7 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known 222 Mammal species, threatened 14 Bird species, total breeding 206 Bird species, threatened 8 Nationally protected area (% of land area) 5.6 8.7 7.7 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) 5.0 2.8 4.1 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) 411 667 493 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 66.4 57.5 49.4 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) 28 ­56 ­6 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 297 457 312 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) .. 68.2 47.4 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.2 0.4 0.4 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.3 0.7 0.8 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 33 54 63 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) .. .. .. Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 1,451 5,546 3,583 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 1.0 1.8 11.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 52 85 92 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 79 58 75 Rural (% of rural population) 68 46 70 Urban (% of urban population) 93 82 89 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 58 36 36 Rural (% of rural population) 46 26 24 Urban (% of urban population) 74 55 61 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 95 171 123 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) 28.1 16.9 23.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 7.2 10.6 8.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 2.8 4.7 3.4 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 8.0 5.8 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 1.1 0.5 0.3 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 2.5 0.7 0.8 CO damage (% of GNI) 0.7 0.9 1.2 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.4 0.6 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 19.3 0.6 8.9 2005 Little Green Data Book 95 Greece Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in .. Group data Country High data income Population (millions) 11.0 972 Urban population (% of total) 60.9 79.9 GDP ($ billions) 172 29,341 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 13,230 28,600 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 129 31,030 Agricultural land (% of land area) 66 36 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 37.2 12.3 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 1,491 1,198 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 160 202 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 192 28,712 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 36 7,929 Forest area share of total land area (%) 27.9 25.9 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) ­0.9 ­0.1 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known 95 Mammal species, threatened 13 Bird species, total breeding 255 Bird species, threatened 7 Nationally protected area (% of land area) 3.6 19.5 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) 6.8 5.2 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) 2,637 5,395 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 3.6 3.1 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) 65 26 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 4,231 8,693 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) 64.1 38.2 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.5 0.5 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 8.2 12.4 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 47 33 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) 254 436 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 5,257 9,479 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 15.0 9.7 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 87 42 Access to improved water source (% of total population) .. 99 Rural (% of rural population) .. 98 Urban (% of urban population) .. 100 Access to sanitation (% of total population) .. .. Rural (% of rural population) .. .. Urban (% of urban population) .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 5 7 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) 20.3 19.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 8.7 13.2 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 3.1 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.8 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 CO damage (% of GNI) 0.4 0.3 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) 0.7 0.3 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 13.5 9.2 96 2005 Little Green Data Book Greenland Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in .. Group data Country High data income Population (millions) 0.1 972 Urban population (% of total) 82.7 79.9 GDP ($ billions) .. 29,341 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) .. 28,600 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 410 31,030 Agricultural land (% of land area) 1 36 Irrigated land (% of crop land) .. 12.3 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) .. 1,198 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) .. 202 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 158 28,712 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) .. 7,929 Forest area share of total land area (%) .. 25.9 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) .. ­0.1 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known .. Mammal species, threatened 7 Bird species, total breeding .. Bird species, threatened 0 Nationally protected area (% of land area) .. 19.5 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) .. 5.2 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) .. 5,395 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 3.1 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) .. 26 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 8,693 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) .. 38.2 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) .. 0.5 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 9.9 12.4 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) .. 33 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) .. 436 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) .. 9,479 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) .. 9.7 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) .. 42 Access to improved water source (% of total population) .. 99 Rural (% of rural population) .. 98 Urban (% of urban population) .. 100 Access to sanitation (% of total population) .. .. Rural (% of rural population) .. .. Urban (% of urban population) .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) .. 7 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) .. 19.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) .. 13.2 Education expenditure (% of GNI) .. 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.8 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.0 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.0 CO damage (% of GNI) .. 0.3 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) .. 0.3 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 9.2 2005 Little Green Data Book 97 Grenada Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in .. Group data Latin Upper Country America & middle data Caribbean income Population (millions) 0.1 533 333 Urban population (% of total) 39.6 76.6 75.4 GDP ($ billions) 0.4 1,741 1,856 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 3,710 3,280 5,440 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 0 20,057 12,741 Agricultural land (% of land area) 38 39 48 Irrigated land (% of crop land) .. 12.5 13.5 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) .. 892 796 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 3,157 210 193 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 2 17,804 10,082 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 0 9,552 2,427 Forest area share of total land area (%) 14.7 47.6 19.1 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) 0.0 0.5 0.6 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known .. Mammal species, threatened 0 Bird species, total breeding .. Bird species, threatened 1 Nationally protected area (% of land area) .. 11.2 17.3 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) .. 6.1 4.3 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) .. 1,156 2,232 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 14.6 4.1 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) .. ­42 ­91 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 1,506 2,496 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) .. 5.0 23.9 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.3 0.4 0.6 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 2.1 2.7 6.3 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 25 40 29 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) .. .. 153 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) .. 25,245 10,741 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) .. 2.0 5.7 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) .. 74 71 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 95 89 .. Rural (% of rural population) 93 69 .. Urban (% of urban population) 97 96 96 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 97 74 .. Rural (% of rural population) 97 44 .. Urban (% of urban population) 96 84 .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 23 33 22 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) 7.1 19.5 22.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 12.4 10.3 10.7 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 5.4 4.2 5.0 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 6.4 11.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.7 0.3 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 0.0 CO damage (% of GNI) 0.4 0.5 0.8 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) .. 0.5 0.6 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 5.3 3.3 98 2005 Little Green Data Book Guam Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in .. Group data Country High data income Population (millions) 0.2 972 Urban population (% of total) 40.3 79.9 GDP ($ billions) .. 29,341 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) .. 28,600 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 1 31,030 Agricultural land (% of land area) 40 36 Irrigated land (% of crop land) .. 12.3 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) .. 1,198 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 1,915 202 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 1 28,712 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 0 7,929 Forest area share of total land area (%) 38.2 25.9 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) 0.0 ­0.1 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known .. Mammal species, threatened 2 Bird species, total breeding .. Bird species, threatened 2 Nationally protected area (% of land area) .. 19.5 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) .. 5.2 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) .. 5,395 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 3.1 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) .. 26 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 8,693 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) .. 38.2 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) .. 0.5 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 26.3 12.4 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) .. 33 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) .. 436 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) .. 9,479 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) .. 9.7 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) .. 42 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 100 99 Rural (% of rural population) 100 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 99 .. Rural (% of rural population) 98 .. Urban (% of urban population) 99 .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) .. 7 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) .. 19.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) .. 13.2 Education expenditure (% of GNI) .. 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.8 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.0 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.0 CO damage (% of GNI) .. 0.3 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) .. 0.3 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 9.2 2005 Little Green Data Book 99 Guatemala Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in 1994 Group data Latin Lower Country America & middle data Caribbean income Population (millions) 12.3 533 2,655 Urban population (% of total) 40.6 76.6 49.8 GDP ($ billions) 24.7 1,741 4,168 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 1,910 3,280 1,490 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 108 20,057 56,103 Agricultural land (% of land area) 42 39 35 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 6.8 12.5 20.8 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 1,369 892 1,170 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 526 210 497 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 14 17,804 74,407 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 29 9,552 20,316 Forest area share of total land area (%) 26.3 47.6 36.2 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) 1.7 0.5 0.1 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known 250 Mammal species, threatened 6 Bird species, total breeding 221 Bird species, threatened 6 Nationally protected area (% of land area) 20.0 11.2 7.7 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) 6.4 6.1 4.1 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) 616 1,156 1,227 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 52.8 14.6 12.3 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) 27 ­42 ­22 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 361 1,506 1,289 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) 15.7 5.0 42.8 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.2 0.4 0.6 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.9 2.7 2.9 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 59 40 49 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) 1 .. 28 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 8,857 25,245 8,397 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 1.1 2.0 5.9 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 74 74 74 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 95 89 82 Rural (% of rural population) 92 69 71 Urban (% of urban population) 99 96 94 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 61 74 60 Rural (% of rural population) 52 44 41 Urban (% of urban population) 72 84 80 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 47 33 39 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) 13.9 19.5 30.6 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 10.1 10.3 9.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 1.6 4.2 3.2 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.9 6.4 8.1 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.7 0.4 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.9 0.0 0.1 CO damage (% of GNI) 0.3 0.5 1.6 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.5 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 3.1 5.3 13.2 100 2005 Little Green Data Book Guinea Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in 1994 Group data Sub- Country Saharan Low data Africa income Population (millions) 7.9 705 2,312 Urban population (% of total) 28.9 36.5 30.4 GDP ($ billions) 3.6 439 1,103 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 430 500 440 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 246 23,596 30,456 Agricultural land (% of land area) 50 43 43 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 6.2 4.2 26.7 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 36 145 654 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 616 352 509 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 90 5,191 16,410 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 69 6,435 7,939 Forest area share of total land area (%) 28.2 27.3 26.1 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) 0.5 0.8 0.7 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known 190 Mammal species, threatened 12 Bird species, total breeding 109 Bird species, threatened 10 Nationally protected area (% of land area) 0.7 8.7 7.7 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) .. 2.8 4.1 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) .. 667 493 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 57.5 49.4 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) .. ­56 ­6 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 457 312 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) .. 68.2 47.4 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.1 0.4 0.4 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.2 0.7 0.8 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 69 54 63 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) .. .. .. Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 28,575 5,546 3,583 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 0.3 1.8 11.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 87 85 92 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 51 58 75 Rural (% of rural population) 38 46 70 Urban (% of urban population) 78 82 89 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 13 36 36 Rural (% of rural population) 6 26 24 Urban (% of urban population) 25 55 61 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 160 171 123 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) 10.3 16.9 23.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 8.0 10.6 8.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 2.0 4.7 3.4 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 8.0 5.8 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 1.4 0.5 0.3 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 1.7 0.7 0.8 CO damage (% of GNI) 0.3 0.9 1.2 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) 0.6 0.4 0.6 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 0.2 0.6 8.9 2005 Little Green Data Book 101 Guinea-Bissau Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in 1993 Group data Sub- Country Saharan Low data Africa income Population (millions) 1.5 705 2,312 Urban population (% of total) 33.9 36.5 30.4 GDP ($ billions) 0.2 439 1,103 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 140 500 440 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 28 23,596 30,456 Agricultural land (% of land area) 58 43 43 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 3.1 4.2 26.7 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 80 145 654 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 322 352 509 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 5 5,191 16,410 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 22 6,435 7,939 Forest area share of total land area (%) 77.8 27.3 26.1 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) 0.9 0.8 0.7 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known 108 Mammal species, threatened 3 Bird species, total breeding 235 Bird species, threatened 0 Nationally protected area (% of land area) .. 8.7 7.7 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) .. 2.8 4.1 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) .. 667 493 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 57.5 49.4 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) .. ­56 ­6 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 457 312 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) .. 68.2 47.4 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.2 0.4 0.4 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.2 0.7 0.8 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 86 54 63 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) .. .. .. Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 10,744 5,546 3,583 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 0.0 1.8 11.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 36 85 92 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 59 58 75 Rural (% of rural population) 49 46 70 Urban (% of urban population) 79 82 89 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 34 36 36 Rural (% of rural population) 23 26 24 Urban (% of urban population) 57 55 61 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 204 171 123 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) ­5.7 16.9 23.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 6.9 10.6 8.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) .. 4.7 3.4 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 8.0 5.8 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.5 0.3 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.7 0.8 CO damage (% of GNI) 0.6 0.9 1.2 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) .. 0.4 0.6 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 0.6 8.9 102 2005 Little Green Data Book Guyana Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in .. Group data Latin Lower Country America & middle data Caribbean income Population (millions) 0.8 533 2,655 Urban population (% of total) 37.6 76.6 49.8 GDP ($ billions) 0.7 1,741 4,168 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 900 3,280 1,490 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 197 20,057 56,103 Agricultural land (% of land area) 9 39 35 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 29.4 12.5 20.8 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 372 892 1,170 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 100 210 497 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 54 17,804 74,407 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 169 9,552 20,316 Forest area share of total land area (%) 85.7 47.6 36.2 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) 0.3 0.5 0.1 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known 193 Mammal species, threatened 11 Bird species, total breeding 242 Bird species, threatened 2 Nationally protected area (% of land area) 0.3 11.2 7.7 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) .. 6.1 4.1 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) .. 1,156 1,227 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 14.6 12.3 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) .. ­42 ­22 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 1,506 1,289 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) .. 5.0 42.8 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.5 0.4 0.6 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 2.1 2.7 2.9 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 34 40 49 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) .. .. 28 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 313,440 25,245 8,397 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 0.6 2.0 5.9 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 99 74 74 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 83 89 82 Rural (% of rural population) 83 69 71 Urban (% of urban population) 83 96 94 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 70 74 60 Rural (% of rural population) 60 44 41 Urban (% of urban population) 86 84 80 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 69 33 39 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) .. 19.5 30.6 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 9.5 10.3 9.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 3.3 4.2 3.2 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 6.4 8.1 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 5.4 0.7 0.4 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 0.1 CO damage (% of GNI) 1.5 0.5 1.6 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) .. 0.5 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 5.3 13.2 2005 Little Green Data Book 103 Haiti Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in 1999 Group data Latin Country America & Low data Caribbean income Population (millions) 8.4 533 2,312 Urban population (% of total) 37.6 76.6 30.4 GDP ($ billions) 2.9 1,741 1,103 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 400 3,280 440 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 28 20,057 30,456 Agricultural land (% of land area) 58 39 43 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 6.8 12.5 26.7 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 179 892 654 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 669 210 509 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 5 17,804 16,410 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 1 9,552 7,939 Forest area share of total land area (%) 3.2 47.6 26.1 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) 5.7 0.5 0.7 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known 20 Mammal species, threatened 4 Bird species, total breeding 62 Bird species, threatened 14 Nationally protected area (% of land area) 0.4 11.2 7.7 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) 6.6 6.1 4.1 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) 251 1,156 493 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 71.6 14.6 49.4 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) 27 ­42 ­6 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 36 1,506 312 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) .. 5.0 47.4 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.1 0.4 0.4 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.2 2.7 0.8 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 50 40 63 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) .. .. .. Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 1,540 25,245 3,583 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 7.7 2.0 11.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 94 74 92 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 71 89 75 Rural (% of rural population) 59 69 70 Urban (% of urban population) 91 96 89 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 34 74 36 Rural (% of rural population) 23 44 24 Urban (% of urban population) 52 84 61 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 118 33 123 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) 32.4 19.5 23.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 1.8 10.3 8.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 1.5 4.2 3.4 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 6.4 5.8 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.7 0.3 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 1.2 0.0 0.8 CO damage (% of GNI) 0.3 0.5 1.2 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.5 0.6 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 30.3 5.3 8.9 104 2005 Little Green Data Book Honduras Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in 1993 Group data Latin Lower Country America & middle data Caribbean income Population (millions) 7.0 533 2,655 Urban population (% of total) 55.5 76.6 49.8 GDP ($ billions) 7.0 1,741 4,168 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 970 3,280 1,490 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 112 20,057 56,103 Agricultural land (% of land area) 26 39 35 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 5.6 12.5 20.8 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 470 892 1,170 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 289 210 497 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 16 17,804 74,407 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 54 9,552 20,316 Forest area share of total land area (%) 48.1 47.6 36.2 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) 1.0 0.5 0.1 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known 173 Mammal species, threatened 10 Bird species, total breeding 232 Bird species, threatened 5 Nationally protected area (% of land area) 6.4 11.2 7.7 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) 5.0 6.1 4.1 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) 504 1,156 1,227 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 41.1 14.6 12.3 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) 53 ­42 ­22 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 537 1,506 1,289 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) .. 5.0 42.8 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.3 0.4 0.6 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.7 2.7 2.9 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 49 40 49 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) 51 .. 28 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 13,776 25,245 8,397 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 1.6 2.0 5.9 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 91 74 74 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 90 89 82 Rural (% of rural population) 82 69 71 Urban (% of urban population) 99 96 94 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 68 74 60 Rural (% of rural population) 52 44 41 Urban (% of urban population) 89 84 80 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 41 33 39 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) 23.6 19.5 30.6 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 5.6 10.3 9.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 3.5 4.2 3.2 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 6.4 8.1 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.1 0.7 0.4 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 0.1 CO damage (% of GNI) 0.5 0.5 1.6 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.5 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 20.8 5.3 13.2 2005 Little Green Data Book 105 Hong Kong, China Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in .. Group data Country High data income Population (millions) 6.8 972 Urban population (% of total) 100.0 79.9 GDP ($ billions) 157 29,341 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 25,860 28,600 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 1 31,030 Agricultural land (% of land area) 7 36 Irrigated land (% of crop land) .. 12.3 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) .. 1,198 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) .. 202 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) .. 28,712 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) .. 7,929 Forest area share of total land area (%) .. 25.9 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) .. ­0.1 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known .. Mammal species, threatened 1 Bird species, total breeding .. Bird species, threatened 11 Nationally protected area (% of land area) .. 19.5 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) 10.6 5.2 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) 2,413 5,395 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 0.3 3.1 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) 100 26 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 5,612 8,693 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) 63.8 38.2 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.2 0.5 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 5.0 12.4 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 38 33 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) 57 436 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) .. 9,479 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) .. 9.7 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) .. 42 Access to improved water source (% of total population) .. 99 Rural (% of rural population) .. 98 Urban (% of urban population) .. 100 Access to sanitation (% of total population) .. .. Rural (% of rural population) .. .. Urban (% of urban population) .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) .. 7 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) 34.3 19.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 12.5 13.2 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 2.8 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.8 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 CO damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.3 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) 0.0 0.3 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 24.5 9.2 106 2005 Little Green Data Book Hungary Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in 1995 Group data Europe & Upper Country Central middle data Asia income Population (millions) 10.1 472 333 Urban population (% of total) 65.4 63.8 75.4 GDP ($ billions) 82.7 1,403 1,856 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 6,350 2,580 5,440 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 92 23,868 12,741 Agricultural land (% of land area) 64 28 48 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 4.8 10.9 13.5 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 1,087 344 796 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 77 122 193 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 20 5,527 10,082 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 18 9,463 2,427 Forest area share of total land area (%) 20.0 39.6 19.1 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) ­0.4 ­0.1 0.6 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known 83 Mammal species, threatened 9 Bird species, total breeding 208 Bird species, threatened 8 Nationally protected area (% of land area) 7.0 6.8 17.3 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) 5.3 2.5 4.3 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) 2,505 2,697 2,232 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 1.6 2.3 4.1 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) 57 ­23 ­91 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 3,099 2,808 2,496 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) 25.1 29.4 23.9 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.4 1.1 0.6 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 5.4 6.7 6.3 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 25 33 29 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) 259 138 153 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 592 11,128 10,741 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 113.3 7.4 5.7 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 36 57 71 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 99 91 .. Rural (% of rural population) 98 80 .. Urban (% of urban population) 100 98 96 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 95 82 .. Rural (% of rural population) 85 64 .. Urban (% of urban population) 100 93 .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 7 36 22 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) 17.7 21.9 22.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 12.4 10.7 10.7 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 5.0 4.1 5.0 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.5 11.6 11.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.1 0.3 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 0.0 CO damage (% of GNI) 0.6 1.9 0.8 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) 0.4 0.6 0.6 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 8.9 1.1 3.3 2005 Little Green Data Book 107 Iceland Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in .. Group data Country High data income Population (millions) 0.3 972 Urban population (% of total) 92.9 79.9 GDP ($ billions) 11 29,341 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 30,910 28,600 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 100 31,030 Agricultural land (% of land area) 23 36 Irrigated land (% of crop land) .. 12.3 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 25,554 1,198 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 297 202 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 1,985 28,712 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 0 7,929 Forest area share of total land area (%) 0.3 25.9 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) ­2.2 ­0.1 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known 11 Mammal species, threatened 6 Bird species, total breeding 93 Bird species, threatened 0 Nationally protected area (% of land area) 9.8 19.5 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) 2.4 5.2 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) 11,819 5,395 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 0.1 3.1 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) 28 26 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 26,247 8,693 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) .. 38.2 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.3 0.5 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 7.7 12.4 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 21 33 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) 561 436 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 588,235 9,479 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 0.1 9.7 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 6 42 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 100 99 Rural (% of rural population) 100 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Access to sanitation (% of total population) .. .. Rural (% of rural population) .. .. Urban (% of urban population) .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 4 7 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) 16.1 19.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 13.4 13.2 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 5.2 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.8 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 CO damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.3 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) .. 0.3 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 7.7 9.2 108 2005 Little Green Data Book India Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in 1993 Group data Country South Low data Asia income Population (millions) 1,064.4 1,425 2,312 Urban population (% of total) 28.3 28.3 30.4 GDP ($ billions) 600.6 765 1,103 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 540 510 440 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 2,973 4,781 30,456 Agricultural land (% of land area) .. 55 43 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 33.6 41.2 26.7 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 996 1,027 654 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 466 559 509 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 5,965 8,724 16,410 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 641 780 7,939 Forest area share of total land area (%) 21.6 16.3 26.1 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) ­0.1 0.1 0.7 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known 390 Mammal species, threatened 88 Bird species, total breeding 458 Bird species, threatened 72 Nationally protected area (% of land area) 5.2 4.8 7.7 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) 5.0 5.1 4.1 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) 513 468 493 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 38.7 39.3 49.4 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) 18 19 -6 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 380 344 312 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) 70.1 59.8 47.4 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.4 0.4 0.4 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 1.1 0.9 0.8 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) .. 69 63 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) 6 6 .. Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 1,185 1,275 3,583 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 39.7 40.5 11.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 92 94 92 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 86 84 75 Rural (% of rural population) 82 80 70 Urban (% of urban population) 96 93 89 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 30 35 36 Rural (% of rural population) 18 23 24 Urban (% of urban population) 58 64 61 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 87 92 123 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) 24.8 24.9 23.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 9.6 9.0 8.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 3.9 3.5 3.4 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 2.4 2.4 5.8 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.3 0.3 0.3 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.7 0.7 0.8 CO damage (% of GNI) 1.5 1.3 1.2 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) 0.7 0.7 0.6 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 13.5 14.0 8.9 2005 Little Green Data Book 109 Indonesia Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in 1993 Group data East Lower Country Asia & middle data Pacific income Population (millions) 214.7 1,855 2,655 Urban population (% of total) 44.1 39.1 49.8 GDP ($ billions) 208.3 2,033 4,168 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 810 1,070 1,490 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 1,812 15,886 56,103 Agricultural land (% of land area) 25 50 35 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 14.3 .. 20.8 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 1,460 2,297 1,170 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 588 565 497 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 5,068 60,812 74,407 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 1,050 4,284 20,316 Forest area share of total land area (%) 58.0 27.0 36.2 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) 1.2 0.2 0.1 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known 515 Mammal species, threatened 147 Bird species, total breeding 929 Bird species, threatened 114 Nationally protected area (% of land area) 20.6 9.2 7.7 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) 4.1 4.6 4.1 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) 737 904 1,227 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 27.4 19.6 12.3 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) ­54 ­4 ­22 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 411 891 1,289 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) 39.7 66.8 42.8 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.4 0.5 0.6 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 1.3 2.1 2.9 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 102 69 49 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) .. 10 28 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 13,220 5,103 8,397 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 2.6 8.2 5.9 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 93 81 74 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 78 78 82 Rural (% of rural population) 69 69 71 Urban (% of urban population) 89 92 94 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 52 49 60 Rural (% of rural population) 38 35 41 Urban (% of urban population) 71 71 80 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 41 41 39 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) 18.8 41.7 30.6 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 5.4 9.2 9.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 1.3 2.3 3.2 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 8.8 3.9 8.1 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 1.3 0.3 0.4 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.1 0.1 CO damage (% of GNI) 0.7 1.8 1.6 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) 0.5 0.8 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 3.3 27.9 13.2 110 2005 Little Green Data Book Iran, Islamic Rep. Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in .. Group data Middle East Lower Country & North middle data Africa income Population (millions) 66.4 312 2,655 Urban population (% of total) 66.1 59.0 49.8 GDP ($ billions) 137.1 745 4,168 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 2,010 2,390 1,490 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 1,636 11,111 56,103 Agricultural land (% of land area) 37 34 35 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 43.9 38.3 20.8 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 860 854 1,170 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 151 603 497 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 399 2,840 74,407 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 73 168 20,316 Forest area share of total land area (%) 4.5 1.5 36.2 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) 0.0 ­0.1 0.1 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known 140 Mammal species, threatened 22 Bird species, total breeding 293 Bird species, threatened 13 Nationally protected area (% of land area) 4.8 11.3 7.7 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) 3.1 3.5 4.1 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) 2,044 1,504 1,227 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 0.6 1.0 12.3 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) ­80 ­168 ­22 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 1,677 1,412 1,289 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) .. 2.3 42.8 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.9 0.8 0.6 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 4.9 4.2 2.9 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 71 87 49 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) .. .. 28 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 1,943 761 8,397 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 54.3 101.7 5.9 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 92 88 74 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 93 88 82 Rural (% of rural population) 83 78 71 Urban (% of urban population) 98 96 94 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 84 75 60 Rural (% of rural population) 78 56 41 Urban (% of urban population) 86 90 80 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 39 53 39 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) 42.7 31.2 30.6 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 10.0 10.0 9.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 4.6 5.5 3.2 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 33.2 30.7 8.1 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.1 0.1 0.4 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 0.1 CO damage (% of GNI) 1.7 1.2 1.6 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) 0.7 0.8 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 1.7 ­6.2 13.2 2005 Little Green Data Book 111 Iraq Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in .. Group data Middle East Lower Country & North middle data Africa income Population (millions) 24.7 312 2,655 Urban population (% of total) 67.5 59.0 49.8 GDP ($ billions) .. 745 4,168 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) .. 2,390 1,490 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 437 11,111 56,103 Agricultural land (% of land area) 23 34 35 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 57.9 38.3 20.8 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 1,111 854 1,170 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 137 603 497 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 23 2,840 74,407 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 8 168 20,316 Forest area share of total land area (%) 1.8 1.5 36.2 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) 0.0 ­0.1 0.1 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known 81 Mammal species, threatened 11 Bird species, total breeding 140 Bird species, threatened 11 Nationally protected area (% of land area) 0.0 11.3 7.7 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) .. 3.5 4.1 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) 1,199 1,504 1,227 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 0.1 1.0 12.3 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) ­264 ­168 ­22 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 1,213 1,412 1,289 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) .. 2.3 42.8 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) .. 0.8 0.6 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 3.3 4.2 2.9 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 178 87 49 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) .. .. 28 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 1,417 761 8,397 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 122.3 101.7 5.9 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 92 88 74 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 81 88 82 Rural (% of rural population) 50 78 71 Urban (% of urban population) 97 96 94 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 80 75 60 Rural (% of rural population) 48 56 41 Urban (% of urban population) 95 90 80 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 125 53 39 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) .. 31.2 30.6 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) .. 10.0 9.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) .. 5.5 3.2 Energy depletion (% of GNI) .. 30.7 8.1 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.1 0.4 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.0 0.1 CO damage (% of GNI) .. 1.2 1.6 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) .. 0.8 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. ­6.2 13.2 112 2005 Little Green Data Book Ireland Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in .. Group data Country High data income Population (millions) 4.0 972 Urban population (% of total) 59.8 79.9 GDP ($ billions) 154 29,341 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 27,010 28,600 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 69 31,030 Agricultural land (% of land area) 64 36 Irrigated land (% of crop land) .. 12.3 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 5,236 1,198 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 142 202 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 417 28,712 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 7 7,929 Forest area share of total land area (%) 9.6 25.9 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) ­3.0 ­0.1 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known 25 Mammal species, threatened 5 Bird species, total breeding 143 Bird species, threatened 1 Nationally protected area (% of land area) 1.7 19.5 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) 9.1 5.2 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) 3,894 5,395 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 1.2 3.1 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) 90 26 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 5,555 8,693 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) 35.8 38.2 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.4 0.5 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 11.1 12.4 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 23 33 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) 349 436 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 12,268 9,479 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 1.6 9.7 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 10 42 Access to improved water source (% of total population) .. 99 Rural (% of rural population) .. 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Access to sanitation (% of total population) .. .. Rural (% of rural population) .. .. Urban (% of urban population) .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 7 7 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) 26.4 19.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 12.6 13.2 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 5.7 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.8 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 CO damage (% of GNI) 0.3 0.3 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) 0.1 0.3 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 19.1 9.2 2005 Little Green Data Book 113 Isle of Man Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in .. Group data Country High data income Population (millions) 0.1 972 Urban population (% of total) 77.4 79.9 GDP ($ billions) .. 29,341 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) .. 28,600 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 1 31,030 Agricultural land (% of land area) .. 36 Irrigated land (% of crop land) .. 12.3 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) .. 1,198 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) .. 202 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) .. 28,712 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) .. 7,929 Forest area share of total land area (%) .. 25.9 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) .. ­0.1 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known .. Mammal species, threatened .. Bird species, total breeding .. Bird species, threatened .. Nationally protected area (% of land area) .. 19.5 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) .. 5.2 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) .. 5,395 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 3.1 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) .. 26 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 8,693 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) .. 38.2 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) .. 0.5 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) .. 12.4 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) .. 33 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) .. 436 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) .. 9,479 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) .. 9.7 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) .. 42 Access to improved water source (% of total population) .. 99 Rural (% of rural population) .. 98 Urban (% of urban population) .. 100 Access to sanitation (% of total population) .. .. Rural (% of rural population) .. .. Urban (% of urban population) .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) .. 7 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) .. 19.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) .. 13.2 Education expenditure (% of GNI) .. 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.8 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.0 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.0 CO damage (% of GNI) .. 0.3 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) .. 0.3 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 9.2 114 2005 Little Green Data Book Israel Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in .. Group data Country High data income Population (millions) 6.7 972 Urban population (% of total) 92.1 79.9 GDP ($ billions) 110 29,341 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 16,240 28,600 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 22 31,030 Agricultural land (% of land area) 27 36 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 45.8 12.3 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 2,405 1,198 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 157 202 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 25 28,712 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 1 7,929 Forest area share of total land area (%) 6.1 25.9 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) ­4.9 ­0.1 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known 116 Mammal species, threatened 14 Bird species, total breeding 162 Bird species, threatened 12 Nationally protected area (% of land area) 15.8 19.5 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) 6.0 5.2 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) 3,191 5,395 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 0.0 3.1 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) 97 26 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 5,857 8,693 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) 77.4 38.2 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.5 0.5 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 10.0 12.4 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 52 33 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) 230 436 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 150 9,479 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 160.0 9.7 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 54 42 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 100 99 Rural (% of rural population) 100 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Access to sanitation (% of total population) .. .. Rural (% of rural population) .. .. Urban (% of urban population) 100 .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 6 7 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) 14.2 19.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 14.7 13.2 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 6.8 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.8 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.1 0.0 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 CO damage (% of GNI) 0.4 0.3 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) 0.0 0.3 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 5.8 9.2 2005 Little Green Data Book 115 Italy Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in .. Group data Country High data income Population (millions) 57.6 972 Urban population (% of total) 67.4 79.9 GDP ($ billions) 1,468 29,341 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 21,570 28,600 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 294 31,030 Agricultural land (% of land area) 52 36 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 24.9 12.3 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 1,729 1,198 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 228 202 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 529 28,712 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 100 7,929 Forest area share of total land area (%) 34.0 25.9 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) ­0.3 ­0.1 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known 90 Mammal species, threatened 14 Bird species, total breeding 250 Bird species, threatened 5 Nationally protected area (% of land area) 7.9 19.5 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) 8.5 5.2 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) 2,994 5,395 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 1.5 3.1 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) 85 26 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 4,901 8,693 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) 14.6 38.2 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.3 0.5 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 7.4 12.4 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 33 33 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) 542 436 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 3,175 9,479 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 23.0 9.7 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 48 42 Access to improved water source (% of total population) .. 99 Rural (% of rural population) .. 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Access to sanitation (% of total population) .. .. Rural (% of rural population) .. .. Urban (% of urban population) .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 6 7 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) 18.7 19.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 13.7 13.2 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 4.4 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.1 0.8 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 CO damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.3 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.3 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 8.9 9.2 116 2005 Little Green Data Book Jamaica Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in 1994 Group data Latin Lower Country America & middle data Caribbean income Population (millions) 2.6 533 2,655 Urban population (% of total) 57.6 76.6 49.8 GDP ($ billions) 8.1 1,741 4,168 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 2,980 3,280 1,490 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 11 20,057 56,103 Agricultural land (% of land area) 47 39 35 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 8.8 12.5 20.8 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 1,287 892 1,170 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 647 210 497 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 10 17,804 74,407 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 3 9,552 20,316 Forest area share of total land area (%) 30.0 47.6 36.2 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) 1.5 0.5 0.1 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known 24 Mammal species, threatened 5 Bird species, total breeding 75 Bird species, threatened 12 Nationally protected area (% of land area) 84.6 11.2 7.7 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) 2.5 6.1 4.1 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) 1,493 1,156 1,227 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 11.6 14.6 12.3 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) 88 ­42 ­22 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 2,406 1,506 1,289 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) .. 5.0 42.8 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 1.1 0.4 0.6 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 4.2 2.7 2.9 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 54 40 49 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) .. .. 28 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 3,406 25,245 8,397 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 10.0 2.0 5.9 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 77 74 74 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 93 89 82 Rural (% of rural population) 87 69 71 Urban (% of urban population) 98 96 94 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 80 74 60 Rural (% of rural population) 68 44 41 Urban (% of urban population) 90 84 80 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 20 33 39 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) 20.0 19.5 30.6 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 11.4 10.3 9.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 6.0 4.2 3.2 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 6.4 8.1 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 1.1 0.7 0.4 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 0.1 CO damage (% of GNI) 1.0 0.5 1.6 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) 0.3 0.5 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 12.2 5.3 13.2 2005 Little Green Data Book 117 Japan Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in .. Group data Country High data income Population (millions) 127.6 972 Urban population (% of total) 79.2 79.9 GDP ($ billions) 4,301 29,341 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 34,180 28,600 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 365 31,030 Agricultural land (% of land area) 14 36 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 54.7 12.3 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 2,906 1,198 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 603 202 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 5,521 28,712 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 241 7,929 Forest area share of total land area (%) 66.1 25.9 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) 0.0 ­0.1 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known 188 Mammal species, threatened 37 Bird species, total breeding 210 Bird species, threatened 34 Nationally protected area (% of land area) 6.8 19.5 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) 6.4 5.2 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) 4,058 5,395 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 1.4 3.1 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) 81 26 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 7,718 8,693 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) 26.8 38.2 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.4 0.5 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 9.3 12.4 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 33 33 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) 428 436 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 3,371 9,479 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 21.3 9.7 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 64 42 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 100 99 Rural (% of rural population) 100 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 100 .. Rural (% of rural population) 100 .. Urban (% of urban population) 100 .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 5 7 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) 26.7 19.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 15.9 13.2 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 3.2 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.8 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 CO damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.3 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) 0.4 0.3 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 13.5 9.2 118 2005 Little Green Data Book Jordan Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in 1991 Group data Middle East Lower Country & North middle data Africa income Population (millions) 5.3 312 2,655 Urban population (% of total) 79.1 59.0 49.8 GDP ($ billions) 9.9 745 4,168 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 1,850 2,390 1,490 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 89 11,111 56,103 Agricultural land (% of land area) 13 34 35 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 18.8 38.3 20.8 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 1,136 854 1,170 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 369 603 497 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 1 2,840 74,407 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 1 168 20,316 Forest area share of total land area (%) 1.0 1.5 36.2 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) 0.0 ­0.1 0.1 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known 71 Mammal species, threatened 10 Bird species, total breeding 117 Bird species, threatened 8 Nationally protected area (% of land area) 3.4 11.3 7.7 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) 3.9 3.5 4.1 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) 1,036 1,504 1,227 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 0.1 1.0 12.3 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) 95 ­168 ­22 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 1,317 1,412 1,289 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) .. 2.3 42.8 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.8 0.8 0.6 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 3.2 4.2 2.9 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 77 87 49 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) .. .. 28 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 188 761 8,397 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 100.0 101.7 5.9 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 75 88 74 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 91 88 82 Rural (% of rural population) 91 78 71 Urban (% of urban population) 91 96 94 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 93 75 60 Rural (% of rural population) 85 56 41 Urban (% of urban population) 94 90 80 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 28 53 39 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) 28.1 31.2 30.6 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 10.6 10.0 9.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 4.4 5.5 3.2 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.4 30.7 8.1 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 1.0 0.1 0.4 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 0.1 CO damage (% of GNI) 1.2 1.2 1.6 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) 0.7 0.8 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 18.6 ­6.2 13.2 2005 Little Green Data Book 119 Kazakhstan Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in .. Group data Europe & Lower Country Central middle data Asia income Population (millions) 14.9 472 2,655 Urban population (% of total) 55.9 63.8 49.8 GDP ($ billions) 29.7 1,403 4,168 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 1,780 2,580 1,490 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 2,700 23,868 56,103 Agricultural land (% of land area) 77 28 35 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 10.8 10.9 20.8 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 30 344 1,170 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 30 122 497 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 31 5,527 74,407 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 121 9,463 20,316 Forest area share of total land area (%) 4.5 39.6 36.2 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) ­2.2 ­0.1 0.1 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known 178 Mammal species, threatened 16 Bird species, total breeding 379 Bird species, threatened 15 Nationally protected area (% of land area) 2.7 6.8 7.7 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) 1.8 2.5 4.1 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) 3,123 2,697 1,227 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 0.2 2.3 12.3 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) ­106 ­23 ­22 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 2,911 2,808 1,289 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) 69.9 29.4 42.8 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 1.8 1.1 0.6 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 8.1 6.7 2.9 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 27 33 49 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) 72 138 28 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 5,041 11,128 8,397 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 44.9 7.4 5.9 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 81 57 74 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 86 91 82 Rural (% of rural population) 72 80 71 Urban (% of urban population) 96 98 94 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 72 82 60 Rural (% of rural population) 52 64 41 Urban (% of urban population) 87 93 80 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 73 36 39 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) 28.1 21.9 30.6 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 10.5 10.7 9.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 4.4 4.1 3.2 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 38.9 11.6 8.1 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.6 0.1 0.4 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 0.1 CO damage (% of GNI) 4.1 1.9 1.6 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) 0.4 0.6 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) ­22.1 1.1 13.2 120 2005 Little Green Data Book Kenya Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in 1994 Group data Sub- Country Saharan Low data Africa income Population (millions) 31.9 705 2,312 Urban population (% of total) 36.3 36.5 30.4 GDP ($ billions) 14.4 439 1,103 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 400 500 440 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 569 23,596 30,456 Agricultural land (% of land area) 46 43 43 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 1.7 4.2 26.7 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 310 145 654 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 441 352 509 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 165 5,191 16,410 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 171 6,435 7,939 Forest area share of total land area (%) 30.0 27.3 26.1 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) 0.5 0.8 0.7 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known 359 Mammal species, threatened 51 Bird species, total breeding 344 Bird species, threatened 24 Nationally protected area (% of land area) 8.0 8.7 7.7 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) 2.0 2.8 4.1 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) 489 667 493 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 80.1 57.5 49.4 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) 16 ­56 ­6 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 120 457 312 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) .. 68.2 47.4 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.3 0.4 0.4 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.3 0.7 0.8 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 44 54 63 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) 8 .. .. Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 627 5,546 3,583 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 10.0 1.8 11.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 76 85 92 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 62 58 75 Rural (% of rural population) 46 46 70 Urban (% of urban population) 89 82 89 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 48 36 36 Rural (% of rural population) 43 26 24 Urban (% of urban population) 56 55 61 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 123 171 123 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) 13.1 16.9 23.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 8.0 10.6 8.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 6.0 4.7 3.4 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 8.0 5.8 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.5 0.3 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.7 0.7 0.8 CO damage (% of GNI) 0.4 0.9 1.2 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.4 0.6 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 9.8 0.6 8.9 2005 Little Green Data Book 121 Kiribati Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in .. Group data East Lower Country Asia & middle data Pacific income Population (millions) 0.1 1,855 2,655 Urban population (% of total) 39.5 39.1 49.8 GDP ($ billions) 0.1 2,033 4,168 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 860 1,070 1,490 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 1 15,886 56,103 Agricultural land (% of land area) 53 50 35 Irrigated land (% of crop land) .. .. 20.8 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) .. 2,297 1,170 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 2,885 565 497 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 32 60,812 74,407 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 0 4,284 20,316 Forest area share of total land area (%) 38.4 27.0 36.2 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) 0.0 0.2 0.1 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known .. Mammal species, threatened 0 Bird species, total breeding .. Bird species, threatened 4 Nationally protected area (% of land area) .. 9.2 7.7 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) .. 4.6 4.1 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) .. 904 1,227 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 19.6 12.3 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) .. ­4 ­22 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 891 1,289 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) .. 66.8 42.8 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) .. 0.5 0.6 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.3 2.1 2.9 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) .. 69 49 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) .. 10 28 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) .. 5,103 8,397 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) .. 8.2 5.9 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) .. 81 74 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 64 78 82 Rural (% of rural population) 53 69 71 Urban (% of urban population) 77 92 94 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 39 49 60 Rural (% of rural population) 22 35 41 Urban (% of urban population) 59 71 80 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 66 41 39 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) .. 41.7 30.6 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 5.3 9.2 9.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) .. 2.3 3.2 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 3.9 8.1 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.3 0.4 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.1 0.1 CO damage (% of GNI) 0.2 1.8 1.6 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) .. 0.8 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 27.9 13.2 122 2005 Little Green Data Book Korea, Dem. Rep. Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in .. Group data East Country Asia & Low data Pacific income Population (millions) 22.6 1,855 2,312 Urban population (% of total) 61.1 39.1 30.4 GDP ($ billions) .. 2,033 1,103 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) .. 1,070 440 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 120 15,886 30,456 Agricultural land (% of land area) 24 50 43 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 54.1 .. 26.7 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 1,065 2,297 654 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 352 565 509 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 264 60,812 16,410 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 82 4,284 7,939 Forest area share of total land area (%) 68.2 27.0 26.1 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) 0.0 0.2 0.7 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known .. Mammal species, threatened 13 Bird species, total breeding 150 Bird species, threatened 19 Nationally protected area (% of land area) 2.6 9.2 7.7 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) .. 4.6 4.1 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) 869 904 493 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 5.2 19.6 49.4 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) 6 ­4 ­6 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 891 312 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) 41.2 66.8 47.4 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) .. 0.5 0.4 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 8.5 2.1 0.8 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 93 69 63 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) .. 10 .. Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 2,963 5,103 3,583 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 21.2 8.2 11.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 73 81 92 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 100 78 75 Rural (% of rural population) 100 69 70 Urban (% of urban population) 100 92 89 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 59 49 36 Rural (% of rural population) 60 35 24 Urban (% of urban population) 58 71 61 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 55 41 123 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) .. 41.7 23.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) .. 9.2 8.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) .. 2.3 3.4 Energy depletion (% of GNI) .. 3.9 5.8 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.3 0.3 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.1 0.8 CO damage (% of GNI) .. 1.8 1.2 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) .. 0.8 0.6 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 27.9 8.9 2005 Little Green Data Book 123 Korea, Rep. Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in .. Group data Country High data income Population (millions) 47.9 972 Urban population (% of total) 83.5 79.9 GDP ($ billions) 605 29,341 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 12,030 28,600 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 99 31,030 Agricultural land (% of land area) 20 36 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 60.6 12.3 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 4,097 1,198 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 481 202 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 2,282 28,712 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 62 7,929 Forest area share of total land area (%) 63.3 25.9 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) 0.1 ­0.1 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known 49 Mammal species, threatened 13 Bird species, total breeding 138 Bird species, threatened 25 Nationally protected area (% of land area) 6.9 19.5 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) 3.9 5.2 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) 4,272 5,395 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 1.4 3.1 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) 82 26 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 6,171 8,693 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) 39.9 38.2 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.6 0.5 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 9.1 12.4 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 43 33 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) 205 436 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 1,357 9,479 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 36.5 9.7 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 63 42 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 92 99 Rural (% of rural population) 71 98 Urban (% of urban population) 97 100 Access to sanitation (% of total population) .. .. Rural (% of rural population) .. .. Urban (% of urban population) .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 5 7 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) 31.5 19.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 12.4 13.2 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 3.0 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.8 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 CO damage (% of GNI) 0.5 0.3 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) 0.8 0.3 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 20.9 9.2 124 2005 Little Green Data Book Kuwait Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in .. Group data Country High data income Population (millions) 2.4 972 Urban population (% of total) 96.2 79.9 GDP ($ billions) 42 29,341 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 17,960 28,600 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 18 31,030 Agricultural land (% of land area) 8 36 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 86.7 12.3 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 808 1,198 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 689 202 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 6 28,712 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 0 7,929 Forest area share of total land area (%) 0.3 25.9 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) ­5.2 ­0.1 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known 21 Mammal species, threatened 1 Bird species, total breeding 35 Bird species, threatened 7 Nationally protected area (% of land area) 1.5 19.5 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) 1.7 5.2 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) 9,503 5,395 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 3.1 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) ­378 26 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 10,888 8,693 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) .. 38.2 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 1.4 0.5 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 21.9 12.4 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 134 33 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) .. 436 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 0 9,479 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) .. 9.7 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 60 42 Access to improved water source (% of total population) .. 99 Rural (% of rural population) .. 98 Urban (% of urban population) .. 100 Access to sanitation (% of total population) .. .. Rural (% of rural population) .. .. Urban (% of urban population) .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 9 7 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) 24.8 19.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 7.2 13.2 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 5.0 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 50.8 0.8 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 CO damage (% of GNI) 0.7 0.3 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) 2.0 0.3 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) ­30.9 9.2 2005 Little Green Data Book 125 Kyrgyz Republic Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in 1995 Group data Europe & Country Central Low data Asia income Population (millions) 5.1 472 2,312 Urban population (% of total) 34.4 63.8 30.4 GDP ($ billions) 1.9 1,403 1,103 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 340 2,580 440 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 192 23,868 30,456 Agricultural land (% of land area) 56 28 43 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 76.0 10.9 26.7 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 205 344 654 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 244 122 509 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 0 5,527 16,410 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 10 9,463 7,939 Forest area share of total land area (%) 5.2 39.6 26.1 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) ­2.6 ­0.1 0.7 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known 83 Mammal species, threatened 7 Bird species, total breeding 168 Bird species, threatened 4 Nationally protected area (% of land area) 15.0 6.8 7.7 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) 3.1 2.5 4.1 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) 507 2,697 493 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 0.2 2.3 49.4 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) 53 ­23 ­6 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 1,269 2,808 312 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) 4.8 29.4 47.4 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.6 1.1 0.4 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.9 6.7 0.8 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 41 33 63 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) 38 138 .. Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 9,105 11,128 3,583 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 22.0 7.4 11.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 94 57 92 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 76 91 75 Rural (% of rural population) 66 80 70 Urban (% of urban population) 98 98 89 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 60 82 36 Rural (% of rural population) 51 64 24 Urban (% of urban population) 75 93 61 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 68 36 123 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) 15.1 21.9 23.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 8.0 10.7 8.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 3.1 4.1 3.4 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 1.2 11.6 5.8 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.1 0.3 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 0.8 CO damage (% of GNI) 2.4 1.9 1.2 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.6 0.6 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 6.5 1.1 8.9 126 2005 Little Green Data Book Lao PDR Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in 1995 Group data East Country Asia & Low data Pacific income Population (millions) 5.7 1,855 2,312 Urban population (% of total) 20.7 39.1 30.4 GDP ($ billions) 2.1 2,033 1,103 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 340 1,070 440 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 231 15,886 30,456 Agricultural land (% of land area) 8 50 43 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 17.5 .. 26.7 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 76 2,297 654 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 480 565 509 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 80 60,812 16,410 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 126 4,284 7,939 Forest area share of total land area (%) 54.4 27.0 26.1 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) 0.4 0.2 0.7 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known 172 Mammal species, threatened 31 Bird species, total breeding 212 Bird species, threatened 20 Nationally protected area (% of land area) 3.0 9.2 7.7 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) .. 4.6 4.1 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) .. 904 493 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 19.6 49.4 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) .. ­4 ­6 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 891 312 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) .. 66.8 47.4 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.1 0.5 0.4 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.1 2.1 0.8 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 47 69 63 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) .. 10 .. Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 33,570 5,103 3,583 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 0.5 8.2 11.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 82 81 92 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 43 78 75 Rural (% of rural population) 38 69 70 Urban (% of urban population) 66 92 89 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 24 49 36 Rural (% of rural population) 14 35 24 Urban (% of urban population) 61 71 61 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 91 41 123 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) 19.1 41.7 23.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 7.8 9.2 8.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 1.8 2.3 3.4 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 3.9 5.8 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.3 0.3 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.1 0.8 CO damage (% of GNI) 0.2 1.8 1.2 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.8 0.6 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 12.8 27.9 8.9 2005 Little Green Data Book 127 Latvia Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in .. Group data Europe & Upper Country Central middle data Asia income Population (millions) 2.3 472 333 Urban population (% of total) 60.4 63.8 75.4 GDP ($ billions) 11.1 1,403 1,856 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 4,400 2,580 5,440 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 62 23,868 12,741 Agricultural land (% of land area) 40 28 48 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 1.1 10.9 13.5 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 273 344 796 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 50 122 193 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 126 5,527 10,082 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 29 9,463 2,427 Forest area share of total land area (%) 47.1 39.6 19.1 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) ­0.4 ­0.1 0.6 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known 83 Mammal species, threatened 4 Bird species, total breeding 216 Bird species, threatened 3 Nationally protected area (% of land area) 13.4 6.8 17.3 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) 4.9 2.5 4.3 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) 1,825 2,697 2,232 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 30.1 2.3 4.1 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) 56 ­23 ­91 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 2,088 2,808 2,496 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) 1.0 29.4 23.9 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.3 1.1 0.6 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 2.5 6.7 6.3 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 22 33 29 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) 266 138 153 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 7,324 11,128 10,741 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 1.8 7.4 5.7 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 13 57 71 Access to improved water source (% of total population) .. 91 .. Rural (% of rural population) .. 80 .. Urban (% of urban population) .. 98 96 Access to sanitation (% of total population) .. 82 .. Rural (% of rural population) .. 64 .. Urban (% of urban population) .. 93 .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 12 36 22 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) 20.5 21.9 22.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 10.8 10.7 10.7 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 5.1 4.1 5.0 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 11.6 11.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.1 0.3 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 0.0 CO damage (% of GNI) 0.6 1.9 0.8 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) 0.3 0.6 0.6 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 13.8 1.1 3.3 128 2005 Little Green Data Book Lebanon Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in .. Group data Middle East Upper Country & North middle data Africa income Population (millions) 4.5 312 333 Urban population (% of total) 90.6 59.0 75.4 GDP ($ billions) 19.0 745 1,856 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 4,040 2,390 5,440 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 10 11,111 12,741 Agricultural land (% of land area) 32 34 48 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 33.2 38.3 13.5 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 2,319 854 796 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 253 603 193 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 4 2,840 10,082 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 0 168 2,427 Forest area share of total land area (%) 3.5 1.5 19.1 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) 0.3 ­0.1 0.6 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known 57 Mammal species, threatened 5 Bird species, total breeding 116 Bird species, threatened 7 Nationally protected area (% of land area) 0.5 11.3 17.3 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) 3.8 3.5 4.3 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) 1,209 1,504 2,232 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 2.4 1.0 4.1 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) 96 ­168 ­91 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 1,951 1,412 2,496 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) .. 2.3 23.9 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.8 0.8 0.6 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 3.5 4.2 6.3 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 45 87 29 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) .. .. 153 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 1,112 761 10,741 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 26.0 101.7 5.7 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 68 88 71 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 100 88 .. Rural (% of rural population) 100 78 .. Urban (% of urban population) 100 96 96 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 98 75 .. Rural (% of rural population) 87 56 .. Urban (% of urban population) 100 90 .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 31 53 22 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) ­7.9 31.2 22.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 11.5 10.0 10.7 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 2.5 5.5 5.0 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 30.7 11.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.1 0.3 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 0.0 CO damage (% of GNI) 0.6 1.2 0.8 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) 0.6 0.8 0.6 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) ­18.1 ­6.2 3.3 2005 Little Green Data Book 129 Lesotho Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in 1989 Group data Sub- Country Saharan Low data Africa income Population (millions) 1.8 705 2,312 Urban population (% of total) 30.3 36.5 30.4 GDP ($ billions) 1.1 439 1,103 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 610 500 440 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 30 23,596 30,456 Agricultural land (% of land area) 77 43 43 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 0.3 4.2 26.7 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 342 145 654 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 379 352 509 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 0 5,191 16,410 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 0 6,435 7,939 Forest area share of total land area (%) 0.5 27.3 26.1 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) 0.0 0.8 0.7 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known 33 Mammal species, threatened 3 Bird species, total breeding 123 Bird species, threatened 7 Nationally protected area (% of land area) 0.2 8.7 7.7 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) .. 2.8 4.1 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) .. 667 493 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 57.5 49.4 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) .. ­56 ­6 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 457 312 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) .. 68.2 47.4 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) .. 0.4 0.4 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) .. 0.7 0.8 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 54 54 63 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) .. .. .. Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 2,789 5,546 3,583 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 2.0 1.8 11.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 56 85 92 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 76 58 75 Rural (% of rural population) 74 46 70 Urban (% of urban population) 88 82 89 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 37 36 36 Rural (% of rural population) 32 26 24 Urban (% of urban population) 61 55 61 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 110 171 123 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) ­2.4 16.9 23.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 6.9 10.6 8.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 7.3 4.7 3.4 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 8.0 5.8 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.5 0.3 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 1.7 0.7 0.8 CO damage (% of GNI) .. 0.9 1.2 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) 0.4 0.4 0.6 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) ­4.1 0.6 8.9 130 2005 Little Green Data Book Liberia Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in .. Group data Sub- Country Saharan Low data Africa income Population (millions) 3.4 705 2,312 Urban population (% of total) 46.7 36.5 30.4 GDP ($ billions) 0.4 439 1,103 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 110 500 440 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 96 23,596 30,456 Agricultural land (% of land area) 27 43 43 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 0.5 4.2 26.7 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) .. 145 654 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 467 352 509 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 11 5,191 16,410 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 35 6,435 7,939 Forest area share of total land area (%) 36.1 27.3 26.1 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) 2.0 0.8 0.7 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known 193 Mammal species, threatened 17 Bird species, total breeding 146 Bird species, threatened 11 Nationally protected area (% of land area) 1.7 8.7 7.7 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) .. 2.8 4.1 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) .. 667 493 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 57.5 49.4 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) .. ­56 ­6 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 457 312 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) .. 68.2 47.4 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) .. 0.4 0.4 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.1 0.7 0.8 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 41 54 63 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) .. .. .. Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 59,285 5,546 3,583 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 0.1 1.8 11.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 60 85 92 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 62 58 75 Rural (% of rural population) 52 46 70 Urban (% of urban population) 72 82 89 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 26 36 36 Rural (% of rural population) 7 26 24 Urban (% of urban population) 49 55 61 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 235 171 123 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) 0.6 16.9 23.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 7.4 10.6 8.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) .. 4.7 3.4 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 8.0 5.8 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.3 0.5 0.3 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 5.4 0.7 0.8 CO damage (% of GNI) 1.0 0.9 1.2 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) 0.0 0.4 0.6 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 0.6 8.9 2005 Little Green Data Book 131 Libya Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in .. Group data Middle East Upper Country & North middle data Africa income Population (millions) 5.6 312 333 Urban population (% of total) 88.5 59.0 75.4 GDP ($ billions) 19.1 745 1,856 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) .. 2,390 5,440 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 1,760 11,111 12,741 Agricultural land (% of land area) 9 34 48 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 21.9 38.3 13.5 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 341 854 796 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 35 603 193 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 33 2,840 10,082 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 4 168 2,427 Forest area share of total land area (%) 0.2 1.5 19.1 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) ­1.4 ­0.1 0.6 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known 76 Mammal species, threatened 8 Bird species, total breeding 76 Bird species, threatened 1 Nationally protected area (% of land area) 0.1 11.3 17.3 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) .. 3.5 4.3 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) 3,433 1,504 2,232 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 0.8 1.0 4.1 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) ­272 ­168 ­91 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 2,250 1,412 2,496 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) .. 2.3 23.9 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) .. 0.8 0.6 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 10.9 4.2 6.3 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) .. 87 29 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) .. .. 153 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 180 761 10,741 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 450.0 101.7 5.7 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 84 88 71 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 72 88 .. Rural (% of rural population) 68 78 .. Urban (% of urban population) 72 96 96 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 97 75 .. Rural (% of rural population) 96 56 .. Urban (% of urban population) 97 90 .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 16 53 22 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) .. 31.2 22.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) .. 10.0 10.7 Education expenditure (% of GNI) .. 5.5 5.0 Energy depletion (% of GNI) .. 30.7 11.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.1 0.3 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.0 0.0 CO damage (% of GNI) .. 1.2 0.8 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) .. 0.8 0.6 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. ­6.2 3.3 132 2005 Little Green Data Book Liechtenstein Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in .. Group data Country High data income Population (millions) 0.0 972 Urban population (% of total) 21.9 79.9 GDP ($ billions) .. 29,341 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) .. 28,600 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 0 31,030 Agricultural land (% of land area) 56 36 Irrigated land (% of crop land) .. 12.3 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) .. 1,198 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) .. 202 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) .. 28,712 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 0 7,929 Forest area share of total land area (%) 43.8 25.9 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) ­1.6 ­0.1 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known .. Mammal species, threatened 2 Bird species, total breeding .. Bird species, threatened 1 Nationally protected area (% of land area) .. 19.5 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) .. 5.2 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) .. 5,395 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 3.1 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) .. 26 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 8,693 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) .. 38.2 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) .. 0.5 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) .. 12.4 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 42 33 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) .. 436 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) .. 9,479 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) .. 9.7 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) .. 42 Access to improved water source (% of total population) .. 99 Rural (% of rural population) .. 98 Urban (% of urban population) .. 100 Access to sanitation (% of total population) .. .. Rural (% of rural population) .. .. Urban (% of urban population) .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 11 7 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) .. 19.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) .. 13.2 Education expenditure (% of GNI) .. 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.8 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.0 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.0 CO damage (% of GNI) .. 0.3 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) .. 0.3 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 9.2 2005 Little Green Data Book 133 Lithuania Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in .. Group data Europe & Upper Country Central middle data Asia income Population (millions) 3.5 472 333 Urban population (% of total) 68.9 63.8 75.4 GDP ($ billions) 18.2 1,403 1,856 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 4,500 2,580 5,440 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 63 23,868 12,741 Agricultural land (% of land area) 54 28 48 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 0.2 10.9 13.5 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 662 344 796 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 37 122 193 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 154 5,527 10,082 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 20 9,463 2,427 Forest area share of total land area (%) 31.8 39.6 19.1 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) ­0.2 ­0.1 0.6 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known 68 Mammal species, threatened 5 Bird species, total breeding 201 Bird species, threatened 4 Nationally protected area (% of land area) 10.3 6.8 17.3 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) 4.0 2.5 4.3 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) 2,476 2,697 2,232 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 7.7 2.3 4.1 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) 43 ­23 ­91 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 1,938 2,808 2,496 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) .. 29.4 23.9 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.4 1.1 0.6 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 3.4 6.7 6.3 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 29 33 29 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) 346 138 153 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 4,632 11,128 10,741 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 1.9 7.4 5.7 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 3 57 71 Access to improved water source (% of total population) .. 91 .. Rural (% of rural population) .. 80 .. Urban (% of urban population) .. 98 96 Access to sanitation (% of total population) .. 82 .. Rural (% of rural population) .. 64 .. Urban (% of urban population) .. 93 .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 11 36 22 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) 15.8 21.9 22.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 10.3 10.7 10.7 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 5.2 4.1 5.0 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 11.6 11.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.1 0.3 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 0.0 CO damage (% of GNI) 0.7 1.9 0.8 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) 0.7 0.6 0.6 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 9.3 1.1 3.3 134 2005 Little Green Data Book Luxembourg Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in .. Group data Country High data income Population (millions) 0.4 972 Urban population (% of total) 92.5 79.9 GDP ($ billions) 26 29,341 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 45,740 28,600 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 3 31,030 Agricultural land (% of land area) .. 36 Irrigated land (% of crop land) .. 12.3 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) .. 1,198 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) .. 202 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) .. 28,712 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) .. 7,929 Forest area share of total land area (%) .. 25.9 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) .. ­0.1 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known .. Mammal species, threatened 3 Bird species, total breeding .. Bird species, threatened 1 Nationally protected area (% of land area) .. 19.5 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) 6.3 5.2 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) 9,112 5,395 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 1.1 3.1 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) 99 26 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 12,791 8,693 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) 20.7 38.2 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.3 0.5 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 19.4 12.4 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 18 33 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) 576 436 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 2,029 9,479 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) .. 9.7 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 0 42 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 100 99 Rural (% of rural population) 100 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Access to sanitation (% of total population) .. .. Rural (% of rural population) .. .. Urban (% of urban population) .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 6 7 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) 29.1 19.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 13.6 13.2 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 3.7 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.8 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 CO damage (% of GNI) 0.3 0.3 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) .. 0.3 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 18.9 9.2 2005 Little Green Data Book 135 Macao, China Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in .. Group data Country High data income Population (millions) 0.4 972 Urban population (% of total) 98.9 79.9 GDP ($ billions) 7 29,341 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) .. 28,600 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 0 31,030 Agricultural land (% of land area) .. 36 Irrigated land (% of crop land) .. 12.3 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) .. 1,198 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) .. 202 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) .. 28,712 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) .. 7,929 Forest area share of total land area (%) .. 25.9 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) .. ­0.1 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known .. Mammal species, threatened 0 Bird species, total breeding .. Bird species, threatened 1 Nationally protected area (% of land area) .. 19.5 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) .. 5.2 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) .. 5,395 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 3.1 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) .. 26 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 8,693 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) .. 38.2 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.2 0.5 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 3.8 12.4 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 102 33 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) 121 436 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) .. 9,479 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) .. 9.7 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) .. 42 Access to improved water source (% of total population) .. 99 Rural (% of rural population) .. 98 Urban (% of urban population) .. 100 Access to sanitation (% of total population) .. .. Rural (% of rural population) .. .. Urban (% of urban population) .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) .. 7 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) .. 19.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) .. 13.2 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 3.6 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.8 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.0 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.0 CO damage (% of GNI) .. 0.3 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) .. 0.3 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 9.2 136 2005 Little Green Data Book Macedonia, FYR Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in .. Group data Europe & Lower Country Central middle data Asia income Population (millions) 2.0 472 2,655 Urban population (% of total) 59.6 63.8 49.8 GDP ($ billions) 4.7 1,403 4,168 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 1,980 2,580 1,490 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 25 23,868 56,103 Agricultural land (% of land area) 49 28 35 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 9.0 10.9 20.8 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 394 344 1,170 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 146 122 497 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 1 5,527 74,407 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 9 9,463 20,316 Forest area share of total land area (%) 35.6 39.6 36.2 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) 0.0 ­0.1 0.1 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known 78 Mammal species, threatened 11 Bird species, total breeding 199 Bird species, threatened 3 Nationally protected area (% of land area) 7.1 6.8 7.7 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) .. 2.5 4.1 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) .. 2,697 1,227 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 2.3 12.3 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) .. ­23 ­22 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 2,808 1,289 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) .. 29.4 42.8 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.8 1.1 0.6 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 5.5 6.7 2.9 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 33 33 49 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) .. 138 28 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 2,440 11,128 8,397 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 38.0 7.4 5.9 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 74 57 74 Access to improved water source (% of total population) .. 91 82 Rural (% of rural population) .. 80 71 Urban (% of urban population) .. 98 94 Access to sanitation (% of total population) .. 82 60 Rural (% of rural population) .. 64 41 Urban (% of urban population) .. 93 80 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 11 36 39 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) 17.6 21.9 30.6 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 10.2 10.7 9.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 4.9 4.1 3.2 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 11.6 8.1 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.1 0.4 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 0.1 CO damage (% of GNI) 1.7 1.9 1.6 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) 0.3 0.6 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 10.3 1.1 13.2 2005 Little Green Data Book 137 Madagascar Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in 1988 Group data Sub- Country Saharan Low data Africa income Population (millions) 16.9 705 2,312 Urban population (% of total) 31.4 36.5 30.4 GDP ($ billions) 5.5 439 1,103 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 290 500 440 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 582 23,596 30,456 Agricultural land (% of land area) 47 43 43 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 30.7 4.2 26.7 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 31 145 654 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 386 352 509 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 143 5,191 16,410 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 117 6,435 7,939 Forest area share of total land area (%) 20.2 27.3 26.1 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) 0.9 0.8 0.7 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known 141 Mammal species, threatened 50 Bird species, total breeding 172 Bird species, threatened 27 Nationally protected area (% of land area) 4.3 8.7 7.7 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) .. 2.8 4.1 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) .. 667 493 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 57.5 49.4 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) .. ­56 ­6 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 457 312 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) .. 68.2 47.4 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.2 0.4 0.4 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.1 0.7 0.8 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 47 54 63 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) .. .. .. Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 19,948 5,546 3,583 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 4.8 1.8 11.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 99 85 92 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 45 58 75 Rural (% of rural population) 34 46 70 Urban (% of urban population) 75 82 89 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 33 36 36 Rural (% of rural population) 27 26 24 Urban (% of urban population) 49 55 61 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 126 171 123 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) 12.0 16.9 23.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 7.6 10.6 8.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 1.7 4.7 3.4 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 8.0 5.8 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.5 0.3 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.7 0.8 CO damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.9 1.2 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.4 0.6 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 5.6 0.6 8.9 138 2005 Little Green Data Book Malawi Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in 19 1994 Group data Sub- Country Saharan Low data Africa income Population (millions) 11.0 705 2,312 Urban population (% of total) 15.9 36.5 30.4 GDP ($ billions) 1.7 439 1,103 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 160 500 440 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 94 23,596 30,456 Agricultural land (% of land area) 45 43 43 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 1.2 4.2 26.7 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 839 145 654 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 395 352 509 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 41 5,191 16,410 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 26 6,435 7,939 Forest area share of total land area (%) 27.2 27.3 26.1 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) 2.4 0.8 0.7 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known 195 Mammal species, threatened 8 Bird species, total breeding 219 Bird species, threatened 11 Nationally protected area (% of land area) 11.2 8.7 7.7 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) .. 2.8 4.1 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) .. 667 493 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 57.5 49.4 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) .. ­56 ­6 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 457 312 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) .. 68.2 47.4 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.1 0.4 0.4 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.1 0.7 0.8 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 46 54 63 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) .. .. .. Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 1,460 5,546 3,583 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 5.6 1.8 11.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 86 85 92 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 67 58 75 Rural (% of rural population) 62 46 70 Urban (% of urban population) 96 82 89 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 46 36 36 Rural (% of rural population) 42 26 24 Urban (% of urban population) 66 55 61 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 178 171 123 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) ­6.5 16.9 23.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 6.7 10.6 8.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 4.4 4.7 3.4 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 8.0 5.8 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.5 0.3 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 2.8 0.7 0.8 CO damage (% of GNI) 0.3 0.9 1.2 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.4 0.6 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) ­12.0 0.6 8.9 2005 Little Green Data Book 139 Malaysia Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in 1991 Group data East Upper Country Asia & middle data Pacific income Population (millions) 24.8 1,855 333 Urban population (% of total) 59.4 39.1 75.4 GDP ($ billions) 103.7 2,033 1,856 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 3,880 1,070 5,440 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 329 15,886 12,741 Agricultural land (% of land area) 24 50 48 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 4.8 .. 13.5 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 6,833 2,297 796 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 557 565 193 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 1,393 60,812 10,082 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 193 4,284 2,427 Forest area share of total land area (%) 58.7 27.0 19.1 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) 1.2 0.2 0.6 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known 300 Mammal species, threatened 50 Bird species, total breeding 254 Bird species, threatened 37 Nationally protected area (% of land area) 5.7 9.2 17.3 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) 4.1 4.6 4.3 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) 2,129 904 2,232 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 4.8 19.6 4.1 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) -55 ­4 ­91 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 2,832 891 2,496 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) 6.0 66.8 23.9 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.7 0.5 0.6 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 6.2 2.1 6.3 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 24 69 29 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) .. 10 153 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 23,411 5,103 10,741 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 2.2 8.2 5.7 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 77 81 71 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 95 78 .. Rural (% of rural population) 94 69 .. Urban (% of urban population) 96 92 96 Access to sanitation (% of total population) .. 49 .. Rural (% of rural population) 98 35 .. Urban (% of urban population) .. 71 .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 7 41 22 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) 36.3 41.7 22.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 11.6 9.2 10.7 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 5.3 2.3 5.0 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 12.1 3.9 11.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.3 0.3 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.1 0.0 CO damage (% of GNI) 1.0 1.8 0.8 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) 0.1 0.8 0.6 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 17.0 27.9 3.3 140 2005 Little Green Data Book Maldives Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in 1994 Group data Lower Country South middle data Asia income Population (millions) 0.3 1,425 2,655 Urban population (% of total) 28.9 28.3 49.8 GDP ($ billions) 0.7 765 4,168 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 2,350 510 1,490 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 0 4,781 56,103 Agricultural land (% of land area) 33 55 35 Irrigated land (% of crop land) .. 41.2 20.8 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) .. 1,027 1,170 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 5,126 559 497 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 126 8,724 74,407 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 0 780 20,316 Forest area share of total land area (%) 3.3 16.3 36.2 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) 0.0 0.1 0.1 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known .. Mammal species, threatened 0 Bird species, total breeding .. Bird species, threatened 1 Nationally protected area (% of land area) .. 4.8 7.7 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) .. 5.1 4.1 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) .. 468 1,227 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 39.3 12.3 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) .. 19 ­22 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 344 1,289 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) .. 59.8 42.8 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) .. 0.4 0.6 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 1.8 0.9 2.9 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 49 69 49 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) .. 6 28 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 0 1,275 8,397 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) .. 40.5 5.9 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 0 94 74 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 84 84 82 Rural (% of rural population) 78 80 71 Urban (% of urban population) 99 93 94 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 58 35 60 Rural (% of rural population) 42 23 41 Urban (% of urban population) 100 64 80 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 72 92 39 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) 42.7 24.9 30.6 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 10.7 9.0 9.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 6.1 3.5 3.2 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 2.4 8.1 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.3 0.4 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.7 0.1 CO damage (% of GNI) 0.5 1.3 1.6 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) .. 0.7 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 37.5 14.0 13.2 2005 Little Green Data Book 141 Mali Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in .. Group data Sub- Country Saharan Low data Africa income Population (millions) 11.7 705 2,312 Urban population (% of total) 32.3 36.5 30.4 GDP ($ billions) 4.3 439 1,103 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 290 500 440 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 1,220 23,596 30,456 Agricultural land (% of land area) 28 43 43 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 2.9 4.2 26.7 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 90 145 654 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 167 352 509 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 100 5,191 16,410 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 132 6,435 7,939 Forest area share of total land area (%) 10.8 27.3 26.1 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) 0.7 0.8 0.7 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known 137 Mammal species, threatened 13 Bird species, total breeding 191 Bird species, threatened 4 Nationally protected area (% of land area) 3.7 8.7 7.7 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) .. 2.8 4.1 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) .. 667 493 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 57.5 49.4 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) .. ­56 ­6 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 457 312 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) .. 68.2 47.4 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.1 0.4 0.4 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.1 0.7 0.8 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 194 54 63 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) .. .. .. Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 5,150 5,546 3,583 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 2.3 1.8 11.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 97 85 92 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 48 58 75 Rural (% of rural population) 35 46 70 Urban (% of urban population) 76 82 89 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 45 36 36 Rural (% of rural population) 38 26 24 Urban (% of urban population) 59 55 61 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 220 171 123 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) 15.6 16.9 23.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 8.0 10.6 8.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 2.1 4.7 3.4 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 8.0 5.8 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.5 0.3 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.7 0.8 CO damage (% of GNI) 0.1 0.9 1.2 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) 0.5 0.4 0.6 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 9.2 0.6 8.9 142 2005 Little Green Data Book Malta Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in .. Group data Country High data income Population (millions) 0.4 972 Urban population (% of total) 91.6 79.9 GDP ($ billions) 5 29,341 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 10,780 28,600 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 0 31,030 Agricultural land (% of land area) 31 36 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 20.0 12.3 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 778 1,198 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 379 202 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 2 28,712 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 0 7,929 Forest area share of total land area (%) 0.0 25.9 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) .. ­0.1 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known .. Mammal species, threatened 2 Bird species, total breeding .. Bird species, threatened 1 Nationally protected area (% of land area) .. 19.5 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) 7.6 5.2 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) 2,247 5,395 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 3.1 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) .. 26 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 4,174 8,693 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) .. 38.2 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.4 0.5 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 7.2 12.4 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) .. 33 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) 505 436 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 252 9,479 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) .. 9.7 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 26 42 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 100 99 Rural (% of rural population) 100 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Access to sanitation (% of total population) .. .. Rural (% of rural population) .. .. Urban (% of urban population) 100 .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 6 7 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) 16.9 19.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 7.2 13.2 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 4.9 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.8 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 CO damage (% of GNI) 0.5 0.3 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) .. 0.3 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 14.1 9.2 2005 Little Green Data Book 143 Marshall Islands Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in .. Group data East Lower Country Asia & middle data Pacific income Population (millions) 0.1 1,855 2,655 Urban population (% of total) 66.4 39.1 49.8 GDP ($ billions) 0.1 2,033 4,168 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 2,710 1,070 1,490 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 0 15,886 56,103 Agricultural land (% of land area) .. 50 35 Irrigated land (% of crop land) .. .. 20.8 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) .. 2,297 1,170 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) .. 565 497 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) .. 60,812 74,407 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) .. 4,284 20,316 Forest area share of total land area (%) .. 27.0 36.2 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) .. 0.2 0.1 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known .. Mammal species, threatened 1 Bird species, total breeding .. Bird species, threatened 1 Nationally protected area (% of land area) .. 9.2 7.7 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) .. 4.6 4.1 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) .. 904 1,227 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 19.6 12.3 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) .. ­4 ­22 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 891 1,289 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) .. 66.8 42.8 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) .. 0.5 0.6 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) .. 2.1 2.9 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) .. 69 49 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) .. 10 28 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) .. 5,103 8,397 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) .. 8.2 5.9 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) .. 81 74 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 85 78 82 Rural (% of rural population) 95 69 71 Urban (% of urban population) 80 92 94 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 82 49 60 Rural (% of rural population) 59 35 41 Urban (% of urban population) 93 71 80 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 61 41 39 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) .. 41.7 30.6 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 7.6 9.2 9.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) .. 2.3 3.2 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 3.9 8.1 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.3 0.4 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.1 0.1 CO damage (% of GNI) .. 1.8 1.6 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) .. 0.8 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 27.9 13.2 144 2005 Little Green Data Book Mauritania Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in 1988 Group data Sub- Country Saharan Low data Africa income Population (millions) 2.8 705 2,312 Urban population (% of total) 61.7 36.5 30.4 GDP ($ billions) 1.1 439 1,103 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 400 500 440 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 1,025 23,596 30,456 Agricultural land (% of land area) 39 43 43 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 9.8 4.2 26.7 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 59 145 654 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 226 352 509 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 84 5,191 16,410 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 3 6,435 7,939 Forest area share of total land area (%) 0.3 27.3 26.1 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) 2.7 0.8 0.7 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known 61 Mammal species, threatened 10 Bird species, total breeding 172 Bird species, threatened 2 Nationally protected area (% of land area) 1.7 8.7 7.7 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) .. 2.8 4.1 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) .. 667 493 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 57.5 49.4 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) .. ­56 ­6 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 457 312 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) .. 68.2 47.4 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.7 0.4 0.4 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 1.2 0.7 0.8 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 113 54 63 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) .. .. .. Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 0 5,546 3,583 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 400.0 1.8 11.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 92 85 92 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 56 58 75 Rural (% of rural population) 45 46 70 Urban (% of urban population) 63 82 89 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 42 36 36 Rural (% of rural population) 9 26 24 Urban (% of urban population) 64 55 61 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 107 171 123 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) 8.7 16.9 23.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 7.4 10.6 8.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 3.7 4.7 3.4 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 8.0 5.8 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 18.8 0.5 0.3 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.8 0.7 0.8 CO damage (% of GNI) 2.1 0.9 1.2 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) .. 0.4 0.6 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 0.6 8.9 2005 Little Green Data Book 145 Mauritius Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in 1990 Group data Sub- Upper Country Saharan middle data Africa income Population (millions) 1.2 705 333 Urban population (% of total) 42.3 36.5 75.4 GDP ($ billions) 5.2 439 1,856 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 4,100 500 5,440 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 2 23,596 12,741 Agricultural land (% of land area) 56 43 48 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 20.8 4.2 13.5 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 2,500 145 796 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 702 352 193 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 11 5,191 10,082 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 0 6,435 2,427 Forest area share of total land area (%) 7.9 27.3 19.1 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) 0.6 0.8 0.6 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known .. Mammal species, threatened 3 Bird species, total breeding .. Bird species, threatened 9 Nationally protected area (% of land area) .. 8.7 17.3 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) .. 2.8 4.3 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) .. 667 2,232 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 57.5 4.1 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) .. ­56 ­91 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 457 2,496 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) .. 68.2 23.9 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.3 0.4 0.6 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 2.4 0.7 6.3 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) .. 54 29 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) 86 .. 153 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 1,818 5,546 10,741 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) .. 1.8 5.7 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 77 85 71 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 100 58 .. Rural (% of rural population) 100 46 .. Urban (% of urban population) 100 82 96 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 99 36 .. Rural (% of rural population) 99 26 .. Urban (% of urban population) 100 55 .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 18 171 22 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) 26.3 16.9 22.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 10.9 10.6 10.7 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 3.3 4.7 5.0 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 8.0 11.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.5 0.3 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.7 0.0 CO damage (% of GNI) 0.4 0.9 0.8 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) .. 0.4 0.6 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 18.3 0.6 3.3 146 2005 Little Green Data Book Mayotte Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in 1988 Group data Sub- Upper Country Saharan middle data Africa income Population (millions) 0.2 705 333 Urban population (% of total) .. 36.5 75.4 GDP ($ billions) .. 439 1,856 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) .. 500 5,440 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 0 23,596 12,741 Agricultural land (% of land area) .. 43 48 Irrigated land (% of crop land) .. 4.2 13.5 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) .. 145 796 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) .. 352 193 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) .. 5,191 10,082 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) .. 6,435 2,427 Forest area share of total land area (%) .. 27.3 19.1 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) .. 0.8 0.6 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known .. Mammal species, threatened 0 Bird species, total breeding .. Bird species, threatened 3 Nationally protected area (% of land area) .. 8.7 17.3 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) .. 2.8 4.3 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) .. 667 2,232 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 57.5 4.1 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) .. ­56 ­91 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 457 2,496 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) .. 68.2 23.9 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) .. 0.4 0.6 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) .. 0.7 6.3 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) .. 54 29 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) .. .. 153 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) .. 5,546 10,741 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) .. 1.8 5.7 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) .. 85 71 Access to improved water source (% of total population) .. 58 .. Rural (% of rural population) .. 46 .. Urban (% of urban population) .. 82 96 Access to sanitation (% of total population) .. 36 .. Rural (% of rural population) .. 26 .. Urban (% of urban population) .. 55 .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) .. 171 22 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) .. 16.9 22.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) .. 10.6 10.7 Education expenditure (% of GNI) .. 4.7 5.0 Energy depletion (% of GNI) .. 8.0 11.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.5 0.3 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.7 0.0 CO damage (% of GNI) .. 0.9 0.8 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) .. 0.4 0.6 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 0.6 3.3 2005 Little Green Data Book 147 Mexico Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in .. Group data Latin Upper Country America & middle data Caribbean income Population (millions) 102.3 533 333 Urban population (% of total) 75.0 76.6 75.4 GDP ($ billions) 626.1 1,741 1,856 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 6,230 3,280 5,440 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 1,909 20,057 12,741 Agricultural land (% of land area) 56 39 48 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 23.2 12.5 13.5 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 690 892 796 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 102 210 193 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 1,475 17,804 10,082 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 552 9,552 2,427 Forest area share of total land area (%) 28.9 47.6 19.1 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) 1.1 0.5 0.6 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known 491 Mammal species, threatened 70 Bird species, total breeding 440 Bird species, threatened 39 Nationally protected area (% of land area) 10.2 11.2 17.3 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) 5.6 6.1 4.3 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) 1,560 1,156 2,232 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 5.2 14.6 4.1 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) ­46 ­42 ­91 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 1,660 1,506 2,496 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) 12.1 5.0 23.9 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.5 0.4 0.6 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 4.3 2.7 6.3 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 53 40 29 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) 107 .. 153 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 3,998 25,245 10,741 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 19.0 2.0 5.7 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 78 74 71 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 91 89 .. Rural (% of rural population) 72 69 .. Urban (% of urban population) 97 96 96 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 77 74 .. Rural (% of rural population) 39 44 .. Urban (% of urban population) 90 84 .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 28 33 22 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) 18.7 19.5 22.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 10.5 10.3 10.7 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 5.1 4.2 5.0 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 6.1 6.4 11.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.1 0.7 0.3 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 0.0 CO damage (% of GNI) 0.5 0.5 0.8 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) 0.5 0.5 0.6 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 6.0 5.3 3.3 148 2005 Little Green Data Book Micronesia, Fed. Sts. Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in .. Group data East Lower Country Asia & middle data Pacific income Population (millions) 0.1 1,855 2,655 Urban population (% of total) 29.3 39.1 49.8 GDP ($ billions) 0.2 2,033 4,168 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 2,070 1,070 1,490 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 1 15,886 56,103 Agricultural land (% of land area) .. 50 35 Irrigated land (% of crop land) .. .. 20.8 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) .. 2,297 1,170 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) .. 565 497 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) .. 60,812 74,407 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) .. 4,284 20,316 Forest area share of total land area (%) .. 27.0 36.2 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) .. 0.2 0.1 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known .. Mammal species, threatened 6 Bird species, total breeding .. Bird species, threatened 5 Nationally protected area (% of land area) .. 9.2 7.7 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) .. 4.6 4.1 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) .. 904 1,227 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 19.6 12.3 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) .. ­4 ­22 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 891 1,289 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) .. 66.8 42.8 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) .. 0.5 0.6 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) .. 2.1 2.9 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) .. 69 49 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) .. 10 28 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) .. 5,103 8,397 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) .. 8.2 5.9 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) .. 81 74 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 94 78 82 Rural (% of rural population) 94 69 71 Urban (% of urban population) 95 92 94 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 28 49 60 Rural (% of rural population) 14 35 41 Urban (% of urban population) 61 71 80 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 23 41 39 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) .. 41.7 30.6 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 9.2 9.2 9.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) .. 2.3 3.2 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 3.9 8.1 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.3 0.4 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.1 0.1 CO damage (% of GNI) .. 1.8 1.6 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) .. 0.8 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 27.9 13.2 2005 Little Green Data Book 149 Moldova Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in .. Group data Europe & Country Central Low data Asia income Population (millions) 4.2 472 2,312 Urban population (% of total) 41.9 63.8 30.4 GDP ($ billions) 2.0 1,403 1,103 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 590 2,580 440 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 33 23,868 30,456 Agricultural land (% of land area) 78 28 43 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 14.0 10.9 26.7 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 55 344 654 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 134 122 509 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 2 5,527 16,410 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 3 9,463 7,939 Forest area share of total land area (%) 9.9 39.6 26.1 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) ­0.2 ­0.1 0.7 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known 68 Mammal species, threatened 6 Bird species, total breeding 175 Bird species, threatened 5 Nationally protected area (% of land area) 1.4 6.8 7.7 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) 2.0 2.5 4.1 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) 703 2,697 493 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 2.0 2.3 49.4 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) 98 ­23 ­6 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 909 2,808 312 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) 3.8 29.4 47.4 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 1.2 1.1 0.4 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 1.5 6.7 0.8 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 35 33 63 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) 74 138 .. Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 236 11,128 3,583 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 300.0 7.4 11.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 26 57 92 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 92 91 75 Rural (% of rural population) 88 80 70 Urban (% of urban population) 97 98 89 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 68 82 36 Rural (% of rural population) 52 64 24 Urban (% of urban population) 86 93 61 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 32 36 123 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) 17.0 21.9 23.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 6.8 10.7 8.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 3.5 4.1 3.4 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 11.6 5.8 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.1 0.3 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 0.8 CO damage (% of GNI) 2.8 1.9 1.2 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) 0.5 0.6 0.6 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 10.3 1.1 8.9 150 2005 Little Green Data Book Monaco Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in .. Group data Country High data income Population (millions) 0.0 972 Urban population (% of total) 100.0 79.9 GDP ($ billions) .. 29,341 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) .. 28,600 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 0 31,030 Agricultural land (% of land area) .. 36 Irrigated land (% of crop land) .. 12.3 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) .. 1,198 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) .. 202 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) .. 28,712 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) .. 7,929 Forest area share of total land area (%) .. 25.9 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) .. ­0.1 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known .. Mammal species, threatened .. Bird species, total breeding .. Bird species, threatened .. Nationally protected area (% of land area) .. 19.5 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) .. 5.2 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) .. 5,395 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 3.1 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) .. 26 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 8,693 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) .. 38.2 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) .. 0.5 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) .. 12.4 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) .. 33 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) .. 436 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) .. 9,479 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) .. 9.7 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) .. 42 Access to improved water source (% of total population) .. 99 Rural (% of rural population) .. 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Access to sanitation (% of total population) .. .. Rural (% of rural population) .. .. Urban (% of urban population) 100 .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 4 7 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) .. 19.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) .. 13.2 Education expenditure (% of GNI) .. 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.8 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.0 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.0 CO damage (% of GNI) .. 0.3 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) .. 0.3 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 9.2 2005 Little Green Data Book 151 Mongolia Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in 1995 Group data East Country Asia & Low data Pacific income Population (millions) 2.5 1,855 2,312 Urban population (% of total) 56.8 39.1 30.4 GDP ($ billions) 1.3 2,033 1,103 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 480 1,070 440 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 1,567 15,886 30,456 Agricultural land (% of land area) 83 50 43 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 7.0 .. 26.7 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 37 2,297 654 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 88 565 509 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 0 60,812 16,410 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 106 4,284 7,939 Forest area share of total land area (%) 6.8 27.0 26.1 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) 0.5 0.2 0.7 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known 133 Mammal species, threatened 14 Bird species, total breeding 274 Bird species, threatened 16 Nationally protected area (% of land area) 11.5 9.2 7.7 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) .. 4.6 4.1 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) .. 904 493 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 19.6 49.4 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) .. ­4 ­6 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 891 312 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) .. 66.8 47.4 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 1.9 0.5 0.4 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 3.1 2.1 0.8 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 71 69 63 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) 26 10 .. Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 14,115 5,103 3,583 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 1.1 8.2 11.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 53 81 92 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 62 78 75 Rural (% of rural population) 30 69 70 Urban (% of urban population) 87 92 89 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 59 49 36 Rural (% of rural population) 37 35 24 Urban (% of urban population) 75 71 61 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 68 41 123 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) 18.1 41.7 23.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 10.9 9.2 8.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 5.7 2.3 3.4 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 3.9 5.8 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 2.4 0.3 0.3 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.1 0.8 CO damage (% of GNI) 4.6 1.8 1.2 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) 0.5 0.8 0.6 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 5.3 27.9 8.9 152 2005 Little Green Data Book Morocco Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in .. Group data Middle East Lower Country & North middle data Africa income Population (millions) 30.1 312 2,655 Urban population (% of total) 57.4 59.0 49.8 GDP ($ billions) 43.7 745 4,168 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 1,310 2,390 1,490 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 446 11,111 56,103 Agricultural land (% of land area) 69 34 35 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 14.5 38.3 20.8 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 475 854 1,170 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 153 603 497 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 1,085 2,840 74,407 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 30 168 20,316 Forest area share of total land area (%) 6.8 1.5 36.2 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) 0.0 ­0.1 0.1 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known 105 Mammal species, threatened 16 Bird species, total breeding 206 Bird species, threatened 9 Nationally protected area (% of land area) 0.7 11.3 7.7 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) 10.1 3.5 4.1 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) 363 1,504 1,227 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 4.2 1.0 12.3 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) 95 ­168 ­22 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 475 1,412 1,289 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) 70.1 2.3 42.8 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.4 0.8 0.6 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 1.3 4.2 2.9 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 29 87 49 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) 44 .. 28 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 963 761 8,397 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 39.7 101.7 5.9 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 89 88 74 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 80 88 82 Rural (% of rural population) 56 78 71 Urban (% of urban population) 99 96 94 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 61 75 60 Rural (% of rural population) 31 56 41 Urban (% of urban population) 83 90 80 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 39 53 39 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) 27.9 31.2 30.6 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 9.7 10.0 9.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 4.8 5.5 3.2 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 30.7 8.1 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.3 0.1 0.4 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 0.1 CO damage (% of GNI) 0.6 1.2 1.6 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.8 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 21.9 ­6.2 13.2 2005 Little Green Data Book 153 Mozambique Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in 1994 Group data Sub- Country Saharan Low data Africa income Population (millions) 18.8 705 2,312 Urban population (% of total) 35.6 36.5 30.4 GDP ($ billions) 4.3 439 1,103 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 210 500 440 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 784 23,596 30,456 Agricultural land (% of land area) 62 43 43 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 2.4 4.2 26.7 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 59 145 654 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 288 352 509 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 33 5,191 16,410 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 306 6,435 7,939 Forest area share of total land area (%) 39.0 27.3 26.1 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) 0.2 0.8 0.7 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known 179 Mammal species, threatened 14 Bird species, total breeding 144 Bird species, threatened 16 Nationally protected area (% of land area) 8.4 8.7 7.7 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) 2.3 2.8 4.1 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) 436 667 493 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 86.1 57.5 49.4 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) 0 ­56 ­6 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 341 457 312 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) .. 68.2 47.4 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.1 0.4 0.4 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.1 0.7 0.8 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 46 54 63 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) .. .. .. Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 5,268 5,546 3,583 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 0.6 1.8 11.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 89 85 92 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 42 58 75 Rural (% of rural population) 24 46 70 Urban (% of urban population) 76 82 89 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 27 36 36 Rural (% of rural population) 14 26 24 Urban (% of urban population) 51 55 61 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 147 171 123 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) 12.6 16.9 23.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 7.4 10.6 8.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 3.8 4.7 3.4 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 8.0 5.8 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.5 0.3 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.7 0.8 CO damage (% of GNI) 0.3 0.9 1.2 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) 0.4 0.4 0.6 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 8.3 0.6 8.9 154 2005 Little Green Data Book Myanmar Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in .. Group data East Country Asia & Low data Pacific income Population (millions) 49.4 1,855 2,312 Urban population (% of total) 29.2 39.1 30.4 GDP ($ billions) .. 2,033 1,103 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) .. 1,070 440 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 658 15,886 30,456 Agricultural land (% of land area) 17 50 43 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 18.8 .. 26.7 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 134 2,297 654 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 353 565 509 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 1,288 60,812 16,410 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 344 4,284 7,939 Forest area share of total land area (%) 52.3 27.0 26.1 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) 1.4 0.2 0.7 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known 300 Mammal species, threatened 39 Bird species, total breeding 310 Bird species, threatened 35 Nationally protected area (% of land area) 0.3 9.2 7.7 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) .. 4.6 4.1 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) 258 904 493 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 76.7 19.6 49.4 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) ­26 ­4 ­6 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 108 891 312 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) .. 66.8 47.4 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) .. 0.5 0.4 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.2 2.1 0.8 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 89 69 63 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) .. 10 .. Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 17,848 5,103 3,583 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 0.5 8.2 11.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 90 81 92 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 80 78 75 Rural (% of rural population) 74 69 70 Urban (% of urban population) 95 92 89 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 73 49 36 Rural (% of rural population) 63 35 24 Urban (% of urban population) 96 71 61 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 107 41 123 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) .. 41.7 23.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) .. 9.2 8.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 0.9 2.3 3.4 Energy depletion (% of GNI) .. 3.9 5.8 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.3 0.3 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.1 0.8 CO damage (% of GNI) .. 1.8 1.2 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) .. 0.8 0.6 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 27.9 8.9 2005 Little Green Data Book 155 Namibia Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in 1992 Group data Sub- Lower Country Saharan middle data Africa income Population (millions) 2.0 705 2,655 Urban population (% of total) 32.4 36.5 49.8 GDP ($ billions) 4.3 439 4,168 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 1,930 500 1,490 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 823 23,596 56,103 Agricultural land (% of land area) 47 43 35 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 0.9 4.2 20.8 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 4 145 1,170 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 166 352 497 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 548 5,191 74,407 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 80 6,435 20,316 Forest area share of total land area (%) 9.8 27.3 36.2 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) 0.9 0.8 0.1 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known 250 Mammal species, threatened 15 Bird species, total breeding 201 Bird species, threatened 11 Nationally protected area (% of land area) 13.6 8.7 7.7 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) 10.2 2.8 4.1 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) 599 667 1,227 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 15.2 57.5 12.3 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) 75 ­56 ­22 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 457 1,289 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) 0.4 68.2 42.8 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.2 0.4 0.6 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 1.0 0.7 2.9 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 53 54 49 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) 38 .. 28 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 2,978 5,546 8,397 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 3.3 1.8 5.9 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 68 85 74 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 80 58 82 Rural (% of rural population) 72 46 71 Urban (% of urban population) 98 82 94 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 30 36 60 Rural (% of rural population) 14 26 41 Urban (% of urban population) 66 55 80 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 65 171 39 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) 31.5 16.9 30.6 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 12.3 10.6 9.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 7.4 4.7 3.2 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 8.0 8.1 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.3 0.5 0.4 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.7 0.1 CO damage (% of GNI) 0.3 0.9 1.6 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.4 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 25.9 0.6 13.2 156 2005 Little Green Data Book Nepal Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in 1993 Group data Country South Low data Asia income Population (millions) 24.7 1,425 2,312 Urban population (% of total) 12.9 28.3 30.4 GDP ($ billions) 5.9 765 1,103 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 240 510 440 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 143 4,781 30,456 Agricultural land (% of land area) 35 55 43 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 34.5 41.2 26.7 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 278 1,027 654 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 659 559 509 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 33 8,724 16,410 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 39 780 7,939 Forest area share of total land area (%) 27.3 16.3 26.1 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) 1.8 0.1 0.7 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known 181 Mammal species, threatened 31 Bird species, total breeding 274 Bird species, threatened 25 Nationally protected area (% of land area) 8.9 4.8 7.7 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) 3.8 5.1 4.1 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) 353 468 493 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 87.2 39.3 49.4 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) 11 19 -6 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 64 344 312 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) .. 59.8 47.4 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.1 0.4 0.4 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.1 0.9 0.8 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 50 69 63 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) .. 6 .. Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 8,029 1,275 3,583 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 14.6 40.5 11.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 99 94 92 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 84 84 75 Rural (% of rural population) 82 80 70 Urban (% of urban population) 93 93 89 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 27 35 36 Rural (% of rural population) 20 23 24 Urban (% of urban population) 68 64 61 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 82 92 123 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) 31.6 24.9 23.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 2.4 9.0 8.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 3.2 3.5 3.4 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 2.4 5.8 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.3 0.3 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 3.0 0.7 0.8 CO damage (% of GNI) 0.4 1.3 1.2 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) 0.1 0.7 0.6 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 28.8 14.0 8.9 2005 Little Green Data Book 157 Netherlands Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in 1994 Group data Country High data income Population (millions) 16.2 972 Urban population (% of total) 89.8 79.9 GDP ($ billions) 512 29,341 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 26,230 28,600 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 34 31,030 Agricultural land (% of land area) 57 36 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 59.5 12.3 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 3,668 1,198 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 182 202 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 570 28,712 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 4 7,929 Forest area share of total land area (%) 11.1 25.9 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) ­0.3 ­0.1 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known 55 Mammal species, threatened 10 Bird species, total breeding 192 Bird species, threatened 4 Nationally protected area (% of land area) 14.2 19.5 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) 5.8 5.2 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) 4,827 5,395 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 1.7 3.1 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) 23 26 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 6,179 8,693 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) 28.0 38.2 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.3 0.5 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 8.7 12.4 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 37 33 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) 384 436 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 678 9,479 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 70.9 9.7 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 34 42 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 100 99 Rural (% of rural population) 99 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 100 .. Rural (% of rural population) 100 .. Urban (% of urban population) 100 .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 6 7 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) 23.3 19.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 15.2 13.2 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 4.9 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.7 0.8 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 CO damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.3 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) 0.4 0.3 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 11.7 9.2 158 2005 Little Green Data Book Netherlands Antilles Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in .. Group data Country High data income Population (millions) 0.2 972 Urban population (% of total) 69.7 79.9 GDP ($ billions) .. 29,341 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) .. 28,600 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 1 31,030 Agricultural land (% of land area) 10 36 Irrigated land (% of crop land) .. 12.3 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) .. 1,198 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 832 202 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 1 28,712 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 0 7,929 Forest area share of total land area (%) 1.3 25.9 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) 0.0 ­0.1 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known .. Mammal species, threatened 3 Bird species, total breeding .. Bird species, threatened 1 Nationally protected area (% of land area) .. 19.5 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) .. 5.2 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) 6,782 5,395 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 3.1 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) .. 26 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 3,817 8,693 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) .. 38.2 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) .. 0.5 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 46.2 12.4 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 32 33 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) .. 436 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) .. 9,479 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) .. 9.7 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) .. 42 Access to improved water source (% of total population) .. 99 Rural (% of rural population) .. 98 Urban (% of urban population) .. 100 Access to sanitation (% of total population) .. .. Rural (% of rural population) .. .. Urban (% of urban population) .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) .. 7 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) .. 19.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) .. 13.2 Education expenditure (% of GNI) .. 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.8 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.0 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.0 CO damage (% of GNI) .. 0.3 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) .. 0.3 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 9.2 2005 Little Green Data Book 159 New Caledonia Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in .. Group data Country High data income Population (millions) 0.2 972 Urban population (% of total) 79.9 79.9 GDP ($ billions) .. 29,341 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) .. 28,600 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 18 31,030 Agricultural land (% of land area) 13 36 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 100.0 12.3 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 1,800 1,198 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 929 202 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 5 28,712 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 4 7,929 Forest area share of total land area (%) 20.4 25.9 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) 0.0 ­0.1 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known .. Mammal species, threatened 6 Bird species, total breeding .. Bird species, threatened 10 Nationally protected area (% of land area) .. 19.5 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) .. 5.2 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) .. 5,395 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 3.1 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) .. 26 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 8,693 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) .. 38.2 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.4 0.5 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 7.8 12.4 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 74 33 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) .. 436 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) .. 9,479 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) .. 9.7 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) .. 42 Access to improved water source (% of total population) .. 99 Rural (% of rural population) .. 98 Urban (% of urban population) .. 100 Access to sanitation (% of total population) .. .. Rural (% of rural population) .. .. Urban (% of urban population) .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) .. 7 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) .. 19.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) .. 13.2 Education expenditure (% of GNI) .. 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.8 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.0 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.0 CO damage (% of GNI) .. 0.3 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) .. 0.3 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 9.2 160 2005 Little Green Data Book New Zealand Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in 1994 Group data Country High data income Population (millions) 4.0 972 Urban population (% of total) 86.1 79.9 GDP ($ billions) 80 29,341 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 15,530 28,600 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 268 31,030 Agricultural land (% of land area) 64 36 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 8.5 12.3 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 5,686 1,198 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 37 202 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 637 28,712 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 79 7,929 Forest area share of total land area (%) 29.7 25.9 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) ­0.5 ­0.1 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known .. Mammal species, threatened 8 Bird species, total breeding .. Bird species, threatened 63 Nationally protected area (% of land area) 29.6 19.5 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) 4.6 5.2 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) 4,573 5,395 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 6.9 3.1 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) 17 26 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 8,832 8,693 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) 4.0 38.2 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.4 0.5 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 8.3 12.4 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 17 33 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) 613 436 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 81,562 9,479 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 0.6 9.7 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 44 42 Access to improved water source (% of total population) .. 99 Rural (% of rural population) .. 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Access to sanitation (% of total population) .. .. Rural (% of rural population) .. .. Urban (% of urban population) .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 6 7 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) 21.9 19.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 10.8 13.2 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 6.9 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.9 0.8 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.1 0.0 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 CO damage (% of GNI) 0.3 0.3 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) 0.0 0.3 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 16.6 9.2 2005 Little Green Data Book 161 Nicaragua Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in 1994 Group data Latin Country America & Low data Caribbean income Population (millions) 5.5 533 2,312 Urban population (% of total) 57.3 76.6 30.4 GDP ($ billions) 4.1 1,741 1,103 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 740 3,280 440 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 121 20,057 30,456 Agricultural land (% of land area) 58 39 43 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 4.3 12.5 26.7 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 279 892 654 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 120 210 509 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 29 17,804 16,410 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 33 9,552 7,939 Forest area share of total land area (%) 27.0 47.6 26.1 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) 3.0 0.5 0.7 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known 200 Mammal species, threatened 6 Bird species, total breeding 215 Bird species, threatened 5 Nationally protected area (% of land area) 17.8 11.2 7.7 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) 5.7 6.1 4.1 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) 544 1,156 493 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 49.9 14.6 49.4 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) 43 ­42 ­6 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 279 1,506 312 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) .. 5.0 47.4 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.2 0.4 0.4 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.7 2.7 0.8 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 42 40 63 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) 16 .. .. Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 34,672 25,245 3,583 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 0.7 2.0 11.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 84 74 92 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 81 89 75 Rural (% of rural population) 65 69 70 Urban (% of urban population) 93 96 89 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 66 74 36 Rural (% of rural population) 51 44 24 Urban (% of urban population) 78 84 61 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 38 33 123 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) 21.6 19.5 23.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 8.8 10.3 8.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 3.7 4.2 3.4 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 6.4 5.8 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.1 0.7 0.3 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 1.0 0.0 0.8 CO damage (% of GNI) 0.6 0.5 1.2 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) 0.0 0.5 0.6 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 14.7 5.3 8.9 162 2005 Little Green Data Book Niger Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in .. Group data Sub- Country Saharan Low data Africa income Population (millions) 11.8 705 2,312 Urban population (% of total) 22.1 36.5 30.4 GDP ($ billions) 2.7 439 1,103 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 200 500 440 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 1,267 23,596 30,456 Agricultural land (% of land area) 13 43 43 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 1.5 4.2 26.7 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 11 145 654 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 200 352 509 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 21 5,191 16,410 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 13 6,435 7,939 Forest area share of total land area (%) 1.0 27.3 26.1 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) 3.7 0.8 0.7 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known 131 Mammal species, threatened 11 Bird species, total breeding 125 Bird species, threatened 3 Nationally protected area (% of land area) 7.7 8.7 7.7 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) .. 2.8 4.1 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) .. 667 493 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 57.5 49.4 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) .. ­56 ­6 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 457 312 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) .. 68.2 47.4 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.1 0.4 0.4 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.1 0.7 0.8 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 164 54 63 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) .. .. .. Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 340 5,546 3,583 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 12.5 1.8 11.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 82 85 92 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 46 58 75 Rural (% of rural population) 36 46 70 Urban (% of urban population) 80 82 89 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 12 36 36 Rural (% of rural population) 4 26 24 Urban (% of urban population) 43 55 61 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 262 171 123 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) 4.6 16.9 23.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 7.1 10.6 8.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 2.3 4.7 3.4 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 8.0 5.8 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.5 0.3 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 3.1 0.7 0.8 CO damage (% of GNI) 0.3 0.9 1.2 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) 0.4 0.4 0.6 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) ­4.1 0.6 8.9 2005 Little Green Data Book 163 Nigeria Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in 1990 Group data Sub- Country Saharan Low data Africa income Population (millions) 136.5 705 2,312 Urban population (% of total) 46.6 36.5 30.4 GDP ($ billions) 58.4 439 1,103 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 350 500 440 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 911 23,596 30,456 Agricultural land (% of land area) 77 43 43 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 0.7 4.2 26.7 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 55 145 654 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 239 352 509 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 477 5,191 16,410 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 135 6,435 7,939 Forest area share of total land area (%) 14.8 27.3 26.1 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) 2.6 0.8 0.7 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known 274 Mammal species, threatened 27 Bird species, total breeding 286 Bird species, threatened 9 Nationally protected area (% of land area) 3.3 8.7 7.7 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) 1.3 2.8 4.1 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) 718 667 493 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 79.1 57.5 49.4 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) ­101 ­56 ­6 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 68 457 312 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) .. 68.2 47.4 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.3 0.4 0.4 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.3 0.7 0.8 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 104 54 63 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) .. .. .. Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 1,620 5,546 3,583 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 1.6 1.8 11.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 54 85 92 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 60 58 75 Rural (% of rural population) 49 46 70 Urban (% of urban population) 72 82 89 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 38 36 36 Rural (% of rural population) 30 26 24 Urban (% of urban population) 48 55 61 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 198 171 123 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) 20.3 16.9 23.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 9.2 10.6 8.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 0.9 4.7 3.4 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 42.1 8.0 5.8 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.5 0.3 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.7 0.8 CO damage (% of GNI) 0.5 0.9 1.2 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) 0.8 0.4 0.6 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) ­31.4 0.6 8.9 164 2005 Little Green Data Book Northern Mariana Islands Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in .. Group data East Upper Country Asia & middle data Pacific income Population (millions) 0.1 1,855 333 Urban population (% of total) 53.1 39.1 75.4 GDP ($ billions) .. 2,033 1,856 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) .. 1,070 5,440 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 0 15,886 12,741 Agricultural land (% of land area) .. 50 48 Irrigated land (% of crop land) .. .. 13.5 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) .. 2,297 796 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) .. 565 193 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) .. 60,812 10,082 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 0 4,284 2,427 Forest area share of total land area (%) .. 27.0 19.1 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) 0.0 0.2 0.6 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known .. Mammal species, threatened 2 Bird species, total breeding .. Bird species, threatened 8 Nationally protected area (% of land area) .. 9.2 17.3 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) .. 4.6 4.3 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) .. 904 2,232 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 19.6 4.1 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) .. ­4 ­91 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 891 2,496 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) .. 66.8 23.9 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) .. 0.5 0.6 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) .. 2.1 6.3 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) .. 69 29 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) .. 10 153 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) .. 5,103 10,741 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) .. 8.2 5.7 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) .. 81 71 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 98 78 .. Rural (% of rural population) 97 69 .. Urban (% of urban population) 98 92 96 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 94 49 .. Rural (% of rural population) 96 35 .. Urban (% of urban population) 94 71 .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) .. 41 22 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) .. 41.7 22.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) .. 9.2 10.7 Education expenditure (% of GNI) .. 2.3 5.0 Energy depletion (% of GNI) .. 3.9 11.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.3 0.3 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.1 0.0 CO damage (% of GNI) .. 1.8 0.8 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) .. 0.8 0.6 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 27.9 3.3 2005 Little Green Data Book 165 Norway Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in .. Group data Country High data income Population (millions) 4.6 972 Urban population (% of total) 75.5 79.9 GDP ($ billions) 221 29,341 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 43,400 28,600 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 306 31,030 Agricultural land (% of land area) 3 36 Irrigated land (% of crop land) .. 12.3 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 2,113 1,198 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 129 202 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 3,199 28,712 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 89 7,929 Forest area share of total land area (%) 29.0 25.9 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) ­0.4 ­0.1 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known 54 Mammal species, threatened 10 Bird species, total breeding 241 Bird species, threatened 2 Nationally protected area (% of land area) 6.8 19.5 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) 6.1 5.2 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) 5,843 5,395 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 5.5 3.1 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) ­776 26 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 23,855 8,693 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) 0.2 38.2 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.3 0.5 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 11.1 12.4 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 21 33 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) 417 436 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 83,735 9,479 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 0.5 9.7 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 8 42 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 100 99 Rural (% of rural population) 100 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Access to sanitation (% of total population) .. .. Rural (% of rural population) .. .. Urban (% of urban population) .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 5 7 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) 30.3 19.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 15.9 13.2 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 6.1 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 6.9 0.8 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 CO damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.3 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) 0.1 0.3 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 13.3 9.2 166 2005 Little Green Data Book Oman Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in .. Group data Middle East Upper Country & North middle data Africa income Population (millions) 2.6 312 333 Urban population (% of total) 77.6 59.0 75.4 GDP ($ billions) 20.3 745 1,856 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 7,830 2,390 5,440 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 310 11,111 12,741 Agricultural land (% of land area) 3 34 48 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 76.5 38.3 13.5 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 3,219 854 796 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 1,534 603 193 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 109 2,840 10,082 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 0 168 2,427 Forest area share of total land area (%) 0.0 1.5 19.1 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) 0.0 ­0.1 0.6 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known 56 Mammal species, threatened 9 Bird species, total breeding 109 Bird species, threatened 10 Nationally protected area (% of land area) 14.0 11.3 17.3 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) 3.0 3.5 4.3 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) 4,265 1,504 2,232 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 1.0 4.1 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) ­478 ­168 ­91 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 3,177 1,412 2,496 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) .. 2.3 23.9 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.7 0.8 0.6 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 8.2 4.2 6.3 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 105 87 29 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) .. .. 153 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 385 761 10,741 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 120.0 101.7 5.7 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 94 88 71 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 79 88 .. Rural (% of rural population) 72 78 .. Urban (% of urban population) 81 96 96 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 89 75 .. Rural (% of rural population) 61 56 .. Urban (% of urban population) 97 90 .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 12 53 22 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) .. 31.2 22.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) .. 10.0 10.7 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 3.7 5.5 5.0 Energy depletion (% of GNI) .. 30.7 11.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.1 0.3 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.0 0.0 CO damage (% of GNI) .. 1.2 0.8 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) .. 0.8 0.6 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. ­6.2 3.3 2005 Little Green Data Book 167 Pakistan Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in 1994 Group data Country South Low data Asia income Population (millions) 148.4 1,425 2,312 Urban population (% of total) 34.1 28.3 30.4 GDP ($ billions) 82.3 765 1,103 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 520 510 440 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 771 4,781 30,456 Agricultural land (% of land area) 35 55 43 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 80.5 41.2 26.7 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 1,381 1,027 654 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 447 559 509 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 623 8,724 16,410 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 24 780 7,939 Forest area share of total land area (%) 3.1 16.3 26.1 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) 1.5 0.1 0.7 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known 188 Mammal species, threatened 19 Bird species, total breeding 237 Bird species, threatened 17 Nationally protected area (% of land area) 4.9 4.8 7.7 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) 4.3 5.1 4.1 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) 454 468 493 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 37.4 39.3 49.4 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) 25 19 -6 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 363 344 312 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) 0.3 59.8 47.4 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.4 0.4 0.4 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.8 0.9 0.8 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 180 69 63 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) 7 6 .. Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 350 1,275 3,583 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 299.2 40.5 11.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 97 94 92 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 90 84 75 Rural (% of rural population) 87 80 70 Urban (% of urban population) 95 93 89 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 54 35 36 Rural (% of rural population) 35 23 24 Urban (% of urban population) 92 64 61 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 98 92 123 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) 22.7 24.9 23.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 7.8 9.0 8.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 2.3 3.5 3.4 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 3.7 2.4 5.8 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.3 0.3 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.6 0.7 0.8 CO damage (% of GNI) 0.9 1.3 1.2 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) 1.0 0.7 0.6 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 11.0 14.0 8.9 168 2005 Little Green Data Book Palau Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in .. Group data East Upper Country Asia & middle data Pacific income Population (millions) 0.0 1,855 333 Urban population (% of total) 69.5 39.1 75.4 GDP ($ billions) 0.1 2,033 1,856 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 6,500 1,070 5,440 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 0 15,886 12,741 Agricultural land (% of land area) 20 50 48 Irrigated land (% of crop land) .. .. 13.5 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) .. 2,297 796 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) .. 565 193 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 2 60,812 10,082 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 0 4,284 2,427 Forest area share of total land area (%) 76.1 27.0 19.1 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) 0.0 0.2 0.6 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known .. Mammal species, threatened 3 Bird species, total breeding .. Bird species, threatened 2 Nationally protected area (% of land area) .. 9.2 17.3 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) .. 4.6 4.3 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) .. 904 2,232 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 19.6 4.1 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) .. ­4 ­91 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 891 2,496 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) .. 66.8 23.9 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) .. 0.5 0.6 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) .. 2.1 6.3 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) .. 69 29 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) .. 10 153 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) .. 5,103 10,741 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) .. 8.2 5.7 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) .. 81 71 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 84 78 .. Rural (% of rural population) 94 69 .. Urban (% of urban population) 79 92 96 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 83 49 .. Rural (% of rural population) 52 35 .. Urban (% of urban population) 96 71 .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 28 41 22 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) .. 41.7 22.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 11.1 9.2 10.7 Education expenditure (% of GNI) .. 2.3 5.0 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 3.9 11.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.3 0.3 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.1 0.0 CO damage (% of GNI) 1.2 1.8 0.8 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) .. 0.8 0.6 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 27.9 3.3 2005 Little Green Data Book 169 Panama Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in 1990 Group data Latin Upper Country America & middle data Caribbean income Population (millions) 3.0 533 333 Urban population (% of total) 57.2 76.6 75.4 GDP ($ billions) 12.9 1,741 1,856 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 4,060 3,280 5,440 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 74 20,057 12,741 Agricultural land (% of land area) 30 39 48 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 5.0 12.5 13.5 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 524 892 796 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 231 210 193 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 237 17,804 10,082 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 29 9,552 2,427 Forest area share of total land area (%) 38.6 47.6 19.1 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) 1.6 0.5 0.6 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known 218 Mammal species, threatened 20 Bird species, total breeding 302 Bird species, threatened 16 Nationally protected area (% of land area) 21.7 11.2 17.3 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) 5.9 6.1 4.3 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) 1,028 1,156 2,232 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 14.7 14.6 4.1 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) 76 ­42 ­91 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 1,375 1,506 2,496 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) .. 5.0 23.9 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.4 0.4 0.6 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 2.2 2.7 6.3 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 53 40 29 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) .. .. 153 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 49,262 25,245 10,741 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 1.1 2.0 5.7 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 70 74 71 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 91 89 .. Rural (% of rural population) 79 69 .. Urban (% of urban population) 99 96 96 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 72 74 .. Rural (% of rural population) 51 44 .. Urban (% of urban population) 89 84 .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 24 33 22 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) 24.0 19.5 22.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 8.0 10.3 10.7 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 4.2 4.2 5.0 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 6.4 11.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.7 0.3 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 0.0 CO damage (% of GNI) 0.4 0.5 0.8 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) 0.3 0.5 0.6 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 19.5 5.3 3.3 170 2005 Little Green Data Book Papua New Guinea Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in 1992 Group data East Country Asia & Low data Pacific income Population (millions) 5.5 1,855 2,312 Urban population (% of total) 18.2 39.1 30.4 GDP ($ billions) 3.2 2,033 1,103 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 500 1,070 440 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 453 15,886 30,456 Agricultural land (% of land area) 2 50 43 Irrigated land (% of crop land) .. .. 26.7 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 536 2,297 654 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 2,007 565 509 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 54 60,812 16,410 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 306 4,284 7,939 Forest area share of total land area (%) 67.6 27.0 26.1 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) 0.4 0.2 0.7 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known 214 Mammal species, threatened 58 Bird species, total breeding 414 Bird species, threatened 32 Nationally protected area (% of land area) 2.3 9.2 7.7 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) .. 4.6 4.1 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) .. 904 493 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 19.6 49.4 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) .. ­4 ­6 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 891 312 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) .. 66.8 47.4 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.2 0.5 0.4 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.5 2.1 0.8 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 31 69 63 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) .. 10 .. Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 145,587 5,103 3,583 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 0.0 8.2 11.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 49 81 92 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 39 78 75 Rural (% of rural population) 32 69 70 Urban (% of urban population) 88 92 89 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 45 49 36 Rural (% of rural population) 41 35 24 Urban (% of urban population) 67 71 61 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 93 41 123 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) .. 41.7 23.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 9.6 9.2 8.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) .. 2.3 3.4 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 13.5 3.9 5.8 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 8.2 0.3 0.3 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.1 0.8 CO damage (% of GNI) 0.6 1.8 1.2 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) 0.0 0.8 0.6 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 27.9 8.9 2005 Little Green Data Book 171 Paraguay Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in .. Group data Latin Lower Country America & middle data Caribbean income Population (millions) 5.6 533 2,655 Urban population (% of total) 58.0 76.6 49.8 GDP ($ billions) 6.0 1,741 4,168 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 1,110 3,280 1,490 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 397 20,057 56,103 Agricultural land (% of land area) 62 39 35 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 2.2 12.5 20.8 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 507 892 1,170 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 78 210 497 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 25 17,804 74,407 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 234 9,552 20,316 Forest area share of total land area (%) 58.8 47.6 36.2 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) 0.5 0.5 0.1 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known 305 Mammal species, threatened 10 Bird species, total breeding 233 Bird species, threatened 26 Nationally protected area (% of land area) 3.5 11.2 7.7 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) 6.3 6.1 4.1 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) 709 1,156 1,227 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 55.0 14.6 12.3 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) ­61 ­42 ­22 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 842 1,506 1,289 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) .. 5.0 42.8 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.2 0.4 0.6 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.7 2.7 2.9 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 97 40 49 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) .. .. 28 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 16,658 25,245 8,397 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 0.4 2.0 5.9 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 78 74 74 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 83 89 82 Rural (% of rural population) 62 69 71 Urban (% of urban population) 100 96 94 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 78 74 60 Rural (% of rural population) 58 44 41 Urban (% of urban population) 94 84 80 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 29 33 39 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) 8.2 19.5 30.6 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 9.1 10.3 9.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 3.9 4.2 3.2 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 6.4 8.1 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.7 0.4 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 0.1 CO damage (% of GNI) 0.5 0.5 1.6 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) 0.4 0.5 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 2.2 5.3 13.2 172 2005 Little Green Data Book Peru Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in .. Group data Latin Lower Country America & middle data Caribbean income Population (millions) 27.1 533 2,655 Urban population (% of total) 73.9 76.6 49.8 GDP ($ billions) 60.6 1,741 4,168 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 2,140 3,280 1,490 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 1,280 20,057 56,103 Agricultural land (% of land area) 24 39 35 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 27.7 12.5 20.8 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 741 892 1,170 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 192 210 497 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 7,996 17,804 74,407 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 652 9,552 20,316 Forest area share of total land area (%) 50.9 47.6 36.2 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) 0.4 0.5 0.1 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known 460 Mammal species, threatened 49 Bird species, total breeding 695 Bird species, threatened 76 Nationally protected area (% of land area) 6.1 11.2 7.7 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) 10.7 6.1 4.1 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) 450 1,156 1,227 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 18.8 14.6 12.3 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) 23 ­42 ­22 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 723 1,506 1,289 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) 2.3 5.0 42.8 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.2 0.4 0.6 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 1.1 2.7 2.9 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 62 40 49 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) 30 .. 28 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 59,526 25,245 8,397 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 1.2 2.0 5.9 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 86 74 74 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 81 89 82 Rural (% of rural population) 66 69 71 Urban (% of urban population) 87 96 94 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 62 74 60 Rural (% of rural population) 33 44 41 Urban (% of urban population) 72 84 80 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 34 33 39 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) 18.1 19.5 30.6 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 10.4 10.3 9.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 2.6 4.2 3.2 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 1.1 6.4 8.1 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 1.5 0.7 0.4 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 0.1 CO damage (% of GNI) 0.3 0.5 1.6 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) 0.6 0.5 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 6.6 5.3 13.2 2005 Little Green Data Book 173 Philippines Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in 1989 Group data East Lower Country Asia & middle data Pacific income Population (millions) 81.5 1,855 2,655 Urban population (% of total) 61.0 39.1 49.8 GDP ($ billions) 80.6 2,033 4,168 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 1,080 1,070 1,490 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 298 15,886 56,103 Agricultural land (% of land area) 40 50 35 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 14.5 .. 20.8 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 1,268 2,297 1,170 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 559 565 497 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 2,380 60,812 74,407 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 58 4,284 20,316 Forest area share of total land area (%) 19.4 27.0 36.2 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) 1.4 0.2 0.1 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known 153 Mammal species, threatened 50 Bird species, total breeding 404 Bird species, threatened 67 Nationally protected area (% of land area) 5.7 9.2 7.7 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) 7.6 4.6 4.1 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) 525 904 1,227 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 23.9 19.6 12.3 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) 48 ­4 ­22 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 459 891 1,289 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) 33.3 66.8 42.8 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.3 0.5 0.6 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 1.0 2.1 2.9 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 49 69 49 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) 9 10 28 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 5,877 5,103 8,397 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 11.6 8.2 5.9 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 88 81 74 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 85 78 82 Rural (% of rural population) 77 69 71 Urban (% of urban population) 90 92 94 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 73 49 60 Rural (% of rural population) 61 35 41 Urban (% of urban population) 81 71 80 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 36 41 39 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) 22.8 41.7 30.6 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 8.0 9.2 9.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 2.8 2.3 3.2 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.2 3.9 8.1 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.2 0.3 0.4 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.2 0.1 0.1 CO damage (% of GNI) 0.7 1.8 1.6 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) 0.4 0.8 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 16.0 27.9 13.2 174 2005 Little Green Data Book Poland Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in 1993 Group data Europe & Upper Country Central middle data Asia income Population (millions) 38.2 472 333 Urban population (% of total) 63.0 63.8 75.4 GDP ($ billions) 209.6 1,403 1,856 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 5,280 2,580 5,440 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 306 23,868 12,741 Agricultural land (% of land area) 60 28 48 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 0.7 10.9 13.5 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 1,086 344 796 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 102 122 193 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 261 5,527 10,082 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 90 9,463 2,427 Forest area share of total land area (%) 29.7 39.6 19.1 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) ­0.2 ­0.1 0.6 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known 84 Mammal species, threatened 15 Bird species, total breeding 233 Bird species, threatened 4 Nationally protected area (% of land area) 12.4 6.8 17.3 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) 4.4 2.5 4.3 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) 2,333 2,697 2,232 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 5.0 2.3 4.1 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) 11 ­23 ­91 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 2,514 2,808 2,496 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) 94.5 29.4 23.9 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.8 1.1 0.6 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 7.8 6.7 6.3 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 44 33 29 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) 259 138 153 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 1,414 11,128 10,741 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 22.8 7.4 5.7 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 11 57 71 Access to improved water source (% of total population) .. 91 .. Rural (% of rural population) .. 80 .. Urban (% of urban population) 100 98 96 Access to sanitation (% of total population) .. 82 .. Rural (% of rural population) .. 64 .. Urban (% of urban population) .. 93 .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 7 36 22 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) 17.1 21.9 22.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 11.4 10.7 10.7 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 5.0 4.1 5.0 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.5 11.6 11.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.1 0.1 0.3 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 0.0 CO damage (% of GNI) 1.2 1.9 0.8 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) 0.7 0.6 0.6 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 8.3 1.1 3.3 2005 Little Green Data Book 175 Portugal Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in 1995 Group data Country High data income Population (millions) 10.4 972 Urban population (% of total) 68.1 79.9 GDP ($ billions) 148 29,341 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 11,800 28,600 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 92 31,030 Agricultural land (% of land area) 45 36 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 24.0 12.3 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 1,040 1,198 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 173 202 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 199 28,712 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 37 7,929 Forest area share of total land area (%) 40.1 25.9 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) ­1.7 ­0.1 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known 63 Mammal species, threatened 17 Bird species, total breeding 235 Bird species, threatened 7 Nationally protected area (% of land area) 6.6 19.5 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) 6.9 5.2 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) 2,546 5,395 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 10.7 3.1 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) 86 26 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 4,000 8,693 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) 33.3 38.2 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.3 0.5 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 5.8 12.4 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 34 33 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) 426 436 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 3,638 9,479 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 19.2 9.7 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 48 42 Access to improved water source (% of total population) .. 99 Rural (% of rural population) .. 98 Urban (% of urban population) .. 100 Access to sanitation (% of total population) .. .. Rural (% of rural population) .. .. Urban (% of urban population) .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 5 7 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) .. 19.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 15.3 13.2 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 5.7 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.8 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 CO damage (% of GNI) 0.3 0.3 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) 0.4 0.3 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 9.2 176 2005 Little Green Data Book Puerto Rico Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in .. Group data Country High data income Population (millions) 3.9 972 Urban population (% of total) 76.3 79.9 GDP ($ billions) .. 29,341 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) .. 28,600 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 9 31,030 Agricultural land (% of land area) 33 36 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 47.6 12.3 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) .. 1,198 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 2,662 202 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 4 28,712 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 2 7,929 Forest area share of total land area (%) 25.8 25.9 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) 0.2 ­0.1 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known .. Mammal species, threatened 2 Bird species, total breeding .. Bird species, threatened 8 Nationally protected area (% of land area) .. 19.5 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) .. 5.2 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) .. 5,395 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 3.1 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) .. 26 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 8,693 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) .. 38.2 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.1 0.5 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 2.3 12.4 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 25 33 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) .. 436 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) .. 9,479 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) .. 9.7 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) .. 42 Access to improved water source (% of total population) .. 99 Rural (% of rural population) .. 98 Urban (% of urban population) .. 100 Access to sanitation (% of total population) .. .. Rural (% of rural population) .. .. Urban (% of urban population) .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) .. 7 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) .. 19.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) .. 13.2 Education expenditure (% of GNI) .. 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.8 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.0 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.0 CO damage (% of GNI) .. 0.3 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) .. 0.3 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 9.2 2005 Little Green Data Book 177 Qatar Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in .. Group data Country High data income Population (millions) 0.6 972 Urban population (% of total) 93.3 79.9 GDP ($ billions) 17 29,341 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) .. 28,600 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 11 31,030 Agricultural land (% of land area) 6 36 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 61.9 12.3 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) .. 1,198 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 234 202 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 9 28,712 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 0 7,929 Forest area share of total land area (%) 0.1 25.9 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) .. ­0.1 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known .. Mammal species, threatened 0 Bird species, total breeding .. Bird species, threatened 6 Nationally protected area (% of land area) .. 19.5 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) .. 5.2 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) 19,915 5,395 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 0.0 3.1 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) ­361 26 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 15,515 8,693 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) .. 38.2 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) .. 0.5 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 69.6 12.4 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 67 33 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) .. 436 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 164 9,479 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) .. 9.7 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 74 42 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 100 99 Rural (% of rural population) 100 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 100 .. Rural (% of rural population) 100 .. Urban (% of urban population) 100 .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 15 7 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) .. 19.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) .. 13.2 Education expenditure (% of GNI) .. 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.8 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.0 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.0 CO damage (% of GNI) .. 0.3 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) .. 0.3 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 9.2 178 2005 Little Green Data Book Romania Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in 1995 Group data Europe & Lower Country Central middle data Asia income Population (millions) 21.7 472 2,655 Urban population (% of total) 55.7 63.8 49.8 GDP ($ billions) 57.0 1,403 4,168 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 2,260 2,580 1,490 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 230 23,868 56,103 Agricultural land (% of land area) 64 28 35 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 31.1 10.9 20.8 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 347 344 1,170 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 103 122 497 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 18 5,527 74,407 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 64 9,463 20,316 Forest area share of total land area (%) 28.0 39.6 36.2 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) ­0.2 ­0.1 0.1 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known 84 Mammal species, threatened 17 Bird species, total breeding 257 Bird species, threatened 8 Nationally protected area (% of land area) 4.7 6.8 7.7 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) 3.8 2.5 4.1 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) 1,696 2,697 1,227 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 6.7 2.3 12.3 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) 23 ­23 ­22 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 1,632 2,808 1,289 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) 37.6 29.4 42.8 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.7 1.1 0.6 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 3.8 6.7 2.9 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 23 33 49 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) 144 138 28 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 1,932 11,128 8,397 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 61.9 7.4 5.9 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 59 57 74 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 57 91 82 Rural (% of rural population) 16 80 71 Urban (% of urban population) 91 98 94 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 51 82 60 Rural (% of rural population) 10 64 41 Urban (% of urban population) 86 93 80 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 20 36 39 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) 18.5 21.9 30.6 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 10.5 10.7 9.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 3.6 4.1 3.2 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 3.2 11.6 8.1 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.1 0.4 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 0.1 CO damage (% of GNI) 1.2 1.9 1.6 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.6 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 7.1 1.1 13.2 2005 Little Green Data Book 179 Russian Federation Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in 1999 Group data Europe & Lower Country Central middle data Asia income Population (millions) 143.4 472 2,655 Urban population (% of total) 72.9 63.8 49.8 GDP ($ billions) 432.9 1,403 4,168 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 2,610 2,580 1,490 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 16,889 23,868 56,103 Agricultural land (% of land area) 13 28 35 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 3.7 10.9 20.8 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 119 344 1,170 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 32 122 497 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 3,718 5,527 74,407 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 8,514 9,463 20,316 Forest area share of total land area (%) 50.4 39.6 36.2 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) 0.0 ­0.1 0.1 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known 269 Mammal species, threatened 45 Bird species, total breeding 528 Bird species, threatened 38 Nationally protected area (% of land area) 7.8 6.8 7.7 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) 1.9 2.5 4.1 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) 4,288 2,697 1,227 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 1.1 2.3 12.3 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) ­67 ­23 ­22 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 4,291 2,808 1,289 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) 19.2 29.4 42.8 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 1.4 1.1 0.6 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 9.9 6.7 2.9 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 26 33 49 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) 132 138 28 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 30,071 11,128 8,397 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 1.8 7.4 5.9 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 20 57 74 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 96 91 82 Rural (% of rural population) 88 80 71 Urban (% of urban population) 99 98 94 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 87 82 60 Rural (% of rural population) 70 64 41 Urban (% of urban population) 93 93 80 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 21 36 39 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) 29.8 21.9 30.6 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 10.8 10.7 9.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 3.5 4.1 3.2 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 29.6 11.6 8.1 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.3 0.1 0.4 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 0.1 CO damage (% of GNI) 2.8 1.9 1.6 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) 0.6 0.6 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) ­10.7 1.1 13.2 180 2005 Little Green Data Book Rwanda Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in 1991 Group data Sub- Country Saharan Low data Africa income Population (millions) 8.4 705 2,312 Urban population (% of total) 6.6 36.5 30.4 GDP ($ billions) 1.6 439 1,103 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 220 500 440 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 25 23,596 30,456 Agricultural land (% of land area) 75 43 43 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 0.4 4.2 26.7 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 137 145 654 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 684 352 509 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 7 5,191 16,410 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 3 6,435 7,939 Forest area share of total land area (%) 12.4 27.3 26.1 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) 3.9 0.8 0.7 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known 151 Mammal species, threatened 9 Bird species, total breeding 200 Bird species, threatened 9 Nationally protected area (% of land area) 6.2 8.7 7.7 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) .. 2.8 4.1 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) .. 667 493 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 57.5 49.4 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) .. ­56 ­6 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 457 312 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) .. 68.2 47.4 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.1 0.4 0.4 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.1 0.7 0.8 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 35 54 63 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) .. .. .. Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 596 5,546 3,583 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 16.0 1.8 11.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 94 85 92 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 73 58 75 Rural (% of rural population) 69 46 70 Urban (% of urban population) 92 82 89 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 41 36 36 Rural (% of rural population) 38 26 24 Urban (% of urban population) 56 55 61 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 203 171 123 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) 11.7 16.9 23.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 6.7 10.6 8.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 3.5 4.7 3.4 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 8.0 5.8 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.5 0.3 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 3.9 0.7 0.8 CO damage (% of GNI) 0.3 0.9 1.2 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) 0.0 0.4 0.6 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 4.2 0.6 8.9 2005 Little Green Data Book 181 Samoa Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in .. Group data East Lower Country Asia & middle data Pacific income Population (millions) 0.2 1,855 2,655 Urban population (% of total) 22.8 39.1 49.8 GDP ($ billions) 0.3 2,033 4,168 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 1,440 1,070 1,490 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 3 15,886 56,103 Agricultural land (% of land area) 46 50 35 Irrigated land (% of crop land) .. .. 20.8 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 583 2,297 1,170 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 227 565 497 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 13 60,812 74,407 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 1 4,284 20,316 Forest area share of total land area (%) 37.1 27.0 36.2 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) 2.1 0.2 0.1 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known .. Mammal species, threatened 3 Bird species, total breeding .. Bird species, threatened 7 Nationally protected area (% of land area) .. 9.2 7.7 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) .. 4.6 4.1 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) .. 904 1,227 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 19.6 12.3 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) .. ­4 ­22 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 891 1,289 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) .. 66.8 42.8 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.2 0.5 0.6 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.8 2.1 2.9 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) .. 69 49 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) .. 10 28 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) .. 5,103 8,397 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) .. 8.2 5.9 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) .. 81 74 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 88 78 82 Rural (% of rural population) 88 69 71 Urban (% of urban population) 91 92 94 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 100 49 60 Rural (% of rural population) 100 35 41 Urban (% of urban population) 100 71 80 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 24 41 39 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) .. 41.7 30.6 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 9.7 9.2 9.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 4.0 2.3 3.2 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 3.9 8.1 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.3 0.4 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 1.4 0.1 0.1 CO damage (% of GNI) 0.4 1.8 1.6 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) .. 0.8 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 27.9 13.2 182 2005 Little Green Data Book San Marino Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in .. Group data Country High data income Population (millions) 0.0 972 Urban population (% of total) 90.7 79.9 GDP ($ billions) 1 29,341 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) .. 28,600 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 0 31,030 Agricultural land (% of land area) 17 36 Irrigated land (% of crop land) .. 12.3 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) .. 1,198 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) .. 202 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) .. 28,712 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) .. 7,929 Forest area share of total land area (%) .. 25.9 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) .. ­0.1 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known .. Mammal species, threatened 2 Bird species, total breeding .. Bird species, threatened 0 Nationally protected area (% of land area) .. 19.5 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) .. 5.2 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) .. 5,395 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 3.1 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) .. 26 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 8,693 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) .. 38.2 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) .. 0.5 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) .. 12.4 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) .. 33 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) .. 436 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) .. 9,479 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) .. 9.7 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) .. 42 Access to improved water source (% of total population) .. 99 Rural (% of rural population) .. 98 Urban (% of urban population) .. 100 Access to sanitation (% of total population) .. .. Rural (% of rural population) .. .. Urban (% of urban population) .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 5 7 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) .. 19.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) .. 13.2 Education expenditure (% of GNI) .. 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.8 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.0 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.0 CO damage (% of GNI) .. 0.3 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) .. 0.3 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 9.2 2005 Little Green Data Book 183 Săo Tomé and Principe Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in .. Group data Sub- Country Saharan Low data Africa income Population (millions) 0.2 705 2,312 Urban population (% of total) 49.0 36.5 30.4 GDP ($ billions) 0.1 439 1,103 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 300 500 440 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 1 23,596 30,456 Agricultural land (% of land area) 56 43 43 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 18.5 4.2 26.7 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) .. 145 654 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 1,138 352 509 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 4 5,191 16,410 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 0 6,435 7,939 Forest area share of total land area (%) 28.1 27.3 26.1 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) 0.0 0.8 0.7 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known .. Mammal species, threatened 3 Bird species, total breeding .. Bird species, threatened 9 Nationally protected area (% of land area) .. 8.7 7.7 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) .. 2.8 4.1 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) .. 667 493 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 57.5 49.4 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) .. ­56 ­6 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 457 312 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) .. 68.2 47.4 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) .. 0.4 0.4 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.6 0.7 0.8 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 52 54 63 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) .. .. .. Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 14,266 5,546 3,583 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) .. 1.8 11.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) .. 85 92 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 79 58 75 Rural (% of rural population) 73 46 70 Urban (% of urban population) 89 82 89 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 24 36 36 Rural (% of rural population) 20 26 24 Urban (% of urban population) 32 55 61 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 118 171 123 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) ­35.4 16.9 23.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 9.1 10.6 8.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) .. 4.7 3.4 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 8.0 5.8 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.5 0.3 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.7 0.8 CO damage (% of GNI) 1.2 0.9 1.2 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) .. 0.4 0.6 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 0.6 8.9 184 2005 Little Green Data Book Saudi Arabia Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in .. Group data Middle East Upper Country & North middle data Africa income Population (millions) 22.5 312 333 Urban population (% of total) 87.5 59.0 75.4 GDP ($ billions) 214.7 745 1,856 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 9,240 2,390 5,440 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 2,150 11,111 12,741 Agricultural land (% of land area) 81 34 48 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 42.7 38.3 13.5 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 1,059 854 796 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 79 603 193 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 57 2,840 10,082 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 15 168 2,427 Forest area share of total land area (%) 0.7 1.5 19.1 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) 0.0 ­0.1 0.6 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known 77 Mammal species, threatened 8 Bird species, total breeding 125 Bird species, threatened 15 Nationally protected area (% of land area) 38.3 11.3 17.3 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) 2.1 3.5 4.3 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) 5,775 1,504 2,232 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 0.0 1.0 4.1 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) ­266 ­168 ­91 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 5,275 1,412 2,496 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) .. 2.3 23.9 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 1.4 0.8 0.6 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 18.1 4.2 6.3 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 106 87 29 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) .. .. 153 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 89 761 10,741 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 850.0 101.7 5.7 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 90 88 71 Access to improved water source (% of total population) .. 88 .. Rural (% of rural population) .. 78 .. Urban (% of urban population) 97 96 96 Access to sanitation (% of total population) .. 75 .. Rural (% of rural population) .. 56 .. Urban (% of urban population) 100 90 .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 26 53 22 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) 35.3 31.2 22.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 10.0 10.0 10.7 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 7.2 5.5 5.0 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 49.2 30.7 11.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.1 0.3 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 0.0 CO damage (% of GNI) 1.1 1.2 0.8 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) 1.0 0.8 0.6 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) ­18.8 ­6.2 3.3 2005 Little Green Data Book 185 Senegal Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in 1984 Group data Sub- Country Saharan Low data Africa income Population (millions) 10.2 705 2,312 Urban population (% of total) 49.6 36.5 30.4 GDP ($ billions) 6.5 439 1,103 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 540 500 440 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 193 23,596 30,456 Agricultural land (% of land area) 42 43 43 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 2.8 4.2 26.7 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 136 145 654 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 208 352 509 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 406 5,191 16,410 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 62 6,435 7,939 Forest area share of total land area (%) 32.2 27.3 26.1 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) 0.7 0.8 0.7 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known 192 Mammal species, threatened 12 Bird species, total breeding 175 Bird species, threatened 4 Nationally protected area (% of land area) 11.6 8.7 7.7 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) 4.8 2.8 4.1 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) 319 667 493 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 56.6 57.5 49.4 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) 43 ­56 ­6 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 135 457 312 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) .. 68.2 47.4 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.3 0.4 0.4 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.4 0.7 0.8 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 92 54 63 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) 11 .. .. Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 2,539 5,546 3,583 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 5.4 1.8 11.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 92 85 92 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 72 58 75 Rural (% of rural population) 54 46 70 Urban (% of urban population) 90 82 89 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 52 36 36 Rural (% of rural population) 34 26 24 Urban (% of urban population) 70 55 61 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 137 171 123 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) 13.9 16.9 23.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 8.5 10.6 8.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 3.7 4.7 3.4 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 8.0 5.8 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.1 0.5 0.3 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.3 0.7 0.8 CO damage (% of GNI) 0.5 0.9 1.2 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) .. 0.4 0.6 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 8.2 0.6 8.9 186 2005 Little Green Data Book Serbia and Montenegro Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in .. Group data Europe & Lower Country Central middle data Asia income Population (millions) 8.1 472 2,655 Urban population (% of total) 52.0 63.8 49.8 GDP ($ billions) 20.7 1,403 4,168 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 1,910 2,580 1,490 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 102 23,868 56,103 Agricultural land (% of land area) .. 28 35 Irrigated land (% of crop land) .. 10.9 20.8 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) .. 344 1,170 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 116 122 497 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 4 5,527 74,407 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 29 9,463 20,316 Forest area share of total land area (%) .. 39.6 36.2 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) 0.0 ­0.1 0.1 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known 96 Mammal species, threatened 12 Bird species, total breeding 238 Bird species, threatened 5 Nationally protected area (% of land area) .. 6.8 7.7 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) .. 2.5 4.1 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) 1,981 2,697 1,227 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 5.0 2.3 12.3 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) 33 ­23 ­22 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 2,808 1,289 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) 66.1 29.4 42.8 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) .. 1.1 0.6 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 3.7 6.7 2.9 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 26 33 49 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) 142 138 28 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 5,429 11,128 8,397 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 29.5 7.4 5.9 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 8 57 74 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 93 91 82 Rural (% of rural population) 86 80 71 Urban (% of urban population) 99 98 94 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 87 82 60 Rural (% of rural population) 77 64 41 Urban (% of urban population) 97 93 80 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 14 36 39 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) ­6.5 21.9 30.6 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 10.4 10.7 9.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) .. 4.1 3.2 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 1.0 11.6 8.1 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.1 0.1 0.4 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 0.1 CO damage (% of GNI) 1.6 1.9 1.6 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.6 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 1.1 13.2 2005 Little Green Data Book 187 Seychelles Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in .. Group data Sub- Upper Country Saharan middle data Africa income Population (millions) 0.1 705 333 Urban population (% of total) 66.0 36.5 75.4 GDP ($ billions) 0.7 439 1,856 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 7,490 500 5,440 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 0 23,596 12,741 Agricultural land (% of land area) 16 43 48 Irrigated land (% of crop land) .. 4.2 13.5 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 170 145 796 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 2,860 352 193 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 48 5,191 10,082 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 0 6,435 2,427 Forest area share of total land area (%) 66.7 27.3 19.1 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) 0.0 0.8 0.6 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known .. Mammal species, threatened 4 Bird species, total breeding .. Bird species, threatened 10 Nationally protected area (% of land area) .. 8.7 17.3 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) .. 2.8 4.3 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) .. 667 2,232 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 57.5 4.1 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) .. ­56 ­91 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 457 2,496 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) .. 68.2 23.9 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) .. 0.4 0.6 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 2.8 0.7 6.3 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) .. 54 29 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) .. .. 153 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) .. 5,546 10,741 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) .. 1.8 5.7 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) .. 85 71 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 87 58 .. Rural (% of rural population) 75 46 .. Urban (% of urban population) 100 82 96 Access to sanitation (% of total population) .. 36 .. Rural (% of rural population) 100 26 .. Urban (% of urban population) .. 55 .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 15 171 22 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) 14.5 16.9 22.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 9.4 10.6 10.7 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 6.3 4.7 5.0 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 8.0 11.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.5 0.3 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.7 0.0 CO damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.9 0.8 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) .. 0.4 0.6 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 11.3 0.6 3.3 188 2005 Little Green Data Book Sierra Leone Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in 1994 Group data Sub- Country Saharan Low data Africa income Population (millions) 5.3 705 2,312 Urban population (% of total) 38.7 36.5 30.4 GDP ($ billions) 0.8 439 1,103 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 150 500 440 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 72 23,596 30,456 Agricultural land (% of land area) 39 43 43 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 5.0 4.2 26.7 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 6 145 654 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 607 352 509 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 75 5,191 16,410 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 11 6,435 7,939 Forest area share of total land area (%) 14.7 27.3 26.1 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) 2.9 0.8 0.7 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known 147 Mammal species, threatened 12 Bird species, total breeding 172 Bird species, threatened 10 Nationally protected area (% of land area) 2.1 8.7 7.7 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) .. 2.8 4.1 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) .. 667 493 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 57.5 49.4 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) .. ­56 ­6 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 457 312 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) .. 68.2 47.4 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.2 0.4 0.4 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.1 0.7 0.8 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 63 54 63 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) .. .. .. Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 29,982 5,546 3,583 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 0.3 1.8 11.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 89 85 92 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 57 58 75 Rural (% of rural population) 46 46 70 Urban (% of urban population) 75 82 89 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 39 36 36 Rural (% of rural population) 30 26 24 Urban (% of urban population) 53 55 61 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 284 171 123 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) 1.6 16.9 23.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 6.7 10.6 8.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 3.9 4.7 3.4 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 8.0 5.8 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.5 0.3 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 5.5 0.7 0.8 CO damage (% of GNI) 0.5 0.9 1.2 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) 0.4 0.4 0.6 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) ­7.6 0.6 8.9 2005 Little Green Data Book 189 Singapore Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in 1993 Group data Country High data income Population (millions) 4.3 972 Urban population (% of total) 100.0 79.9 GDP ($ billions) 91 29,341 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 21,230 28,600 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 1 31,030 Agricultural land (% of land area) 2 36 Irrigated land (% of crop land) .. 12.3 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 24,180 1,198 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) .. 202 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 9 28,712 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 0 7,929 Forest area share of total land area (%) 3.0 25.9 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) 0.0 ­0.1 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known 85 Mammal species, threatened 3 Bird species, total breeding 142 Bird species, threatened 7 Nationally protected area (% of land area) 4.9 19.5 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) 3.8 5.2 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) 6,078 5,395 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 3.1 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) 100 26 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 7,039 8,693 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) .. 38.2 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.6 0.5 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 14.7 12.4 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 41 33 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) 122 436 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) .. 9,479 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) .. 9.7 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 4 42 Access to improved water source (% of total population) .. 99 Rural (% of rural population) .. 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Access to sanitation (% of total population) .. .. Rural (% of rural population) .. .. Urban (% of urban population) 100 .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 5 7 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) 44.8 19.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 14.3 13.2 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 2.3 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.8 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 CO damage (% of GNI) 0.5 0.3 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) 0.4 0.3 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 31.8 9.2 190 2005 Little Green Data Book Slovak Republic Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in .. Group data Europe & Upper Country Central middle data Asia income Population (millions) 5.4 472 333 Urban population (% of total) 58.0 63.8 75.4 GDP ($ billions) 32.5 1,403 1,856 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 4,940 2,580 5,440 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 49 23,868 12,741 Agricultural land (% of land area) 51 28 48 Irrigated land (% of crop land) .. 10.9 13.5 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) .. 344 796 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) .. 122 193 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) .. 5,527 10,082 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 22 9,463 2,427 Forest area share of total land area (%) .. 39.6 19.1 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) ­1.0 ­0.1 0.6 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known 85 Mammal species, threatened 9 Bird species, total breeding 199 Bird species, threatened 4 Nationally protected area (% of land area) .. 6.8 17.3 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) 3.6 2.5 4.3 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) 3,448 2,697 2,232 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 1.7 2.3 4.1 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) 64 ­23 ­91 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 4,222 2,808 2,496 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) 17.3 29.4 23.9 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.6 1.1 0.6 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 6.6 6.7 6.3 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 22 33 29 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) 247 138 153 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 2,412 11,128 10,741 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 13.8 7.4 5.7 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) .. 57 71 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 100 91 .. Rural (% of rural population) 100 80 .. Urban (% of urban population) 100 98 96 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 100 82 .. Rural (% of rural population) 100 64 .. Urban (% of urban population) 100 93 .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 8 36 22 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) 24.2 21.9 22.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 11.4 10.7 10.7 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 4.0 4.1 5.0 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.1 11.6 11.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.1 0.3 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 0.0 CO damage (% of GNI) 0.9 1.9 0.8 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) 0.1 0.6 0.6 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 15.7 1.1 3.3 2005 Little Green Data Book 191 Slovenia Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in 1994 Group data Country High data income Population (millions) 2.0 972 Urban population (% of total) 49.2 79.9 GDP ($ billions) 28 29,341 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 11,920 28,600 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 20 31,030 Agricultural land (% of land area) 25 36 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 1.5 12.3 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 4,160 1,198 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 603 202 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 3 28,712 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 11 7,929 Forest area share of total land area (%) 55.0 25.9 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) ­0.2 ­0.1 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known 75 Mammal species, threatened 9 Bird species, total breeding 201 Bird species, threatened 1 Nationally protected area (% of land area) 6.0 19.5 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) 5.1 5.2 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) 3,486 5,395 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 6.7 3.1 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) 51 26 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 5,907 8,693 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) 36.1 38.2 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.4 0.5 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 7.3 12.4 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 36 33 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) 438 436 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 9,524 9,479 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 6.8 9.7 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 1 42 Access to improved water source (% of total population) .. 99 Rural (% of rural population) .. 98 Urban (% of urban population) .. 100 Access to sanitation (% of total population) .. .. Rural (% of rural population) .. .. Urban (% of urban population) .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 4 7 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) 25.5 19.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 12.6 13.2 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 5.4 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.8 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 CO damage (% of GNI) 0.4 0.3 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.3 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 17.7 9.2 192 2005 Little Green Data Book Solomon Islands Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in .. Group data East Country Asia & Low data Pacific income Population (millions) 0.5 1,855 2,312 Urban population (% of total) 21.4 39.1 30.4 GDP ($ billions) 0.3 2,033 1,103 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 560 1,070 440 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 28 15,886 30,456 Agricultural land (% of land area) 4 50 43 Irrigated land (% of crop land) .. .. 26.7 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) .. 2,297 654 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 1,950 565 509 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 30 60,812 16,410 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 25 4,284 7,939 Forest area share of total land area (%) 90.6 27.0 26.1 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) 0.2 0.2 0.7 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known 53 Mammal species, threatened 20 Bird species, total breeding 111 Bird species, threatened 23 Nationally protected area (% of land area) 0.3 9.2 7.7 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) .. 4.6 4.1 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) .. 904 493 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 19.6 49.4 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) .. ­4 ­6 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 891 312 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) .. 66.8 47.4 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.2 0.5 0.4 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.4 2.1 0.8 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 31 69 63 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) .. 10 .. Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 98,545 5,103 3,583 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) .. 8.2 11.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 40 81 92 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 70 78 75 Rural (% of rural population) 65 69 70 Urban (% of urban population) 94 92 89 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 31 49 36 Rural (% of rural population) 18 35 24 Urban (% of urban population) 98 71 61 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 22 41 123 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) .. 41.7 23.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 8.4 9.2 8.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 3.8 2.3 3.4 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 3.9 5.8 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.3 0.3 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 6.8 0.1 0.8 CO damage (% of GNI) 0.3 1.8 1.2 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) .. 0.8 0.6 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 27.9 8.9 2005 Little Green Data Book 193 Somalia Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in .. Group data Sub- Country Saharan Low data Africa income Population (millions) 9.6 705 2,312 Urban population (% of total) 28.9 36.5 30.4 GDP ($ billions) .. 439 1,103 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) .. 500 440 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 627 23,596 30,456 Agricultural land (% of land area) 70 43 43 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 18.7 4.2 26.7 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 5 145 654 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 638 352 509 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 20 5,191 16,410 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 75 6,435 7,939 Forest area share of total land area (%) 12.0 27.3 26.1 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) 1.0 0.8 0.7 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known 171 Mammal species, threatened 19 Bird species, total breeding 179 Bird species, threatened 10 Nationally protected area (% of land area) 0.8 8.7 7.7 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) .. 2.8 4.1 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) .. 667 493 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 57.5 49.4 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) .. ­56 ­6 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 457 312 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) .. 68.2 47.4 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) .. 0.4 0.4 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) .. 0.7 0.8 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 39 54 63 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) .. .. .. Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 623 5,546 3,583 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 13.3 1.8 11.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 97 85 92 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 29 58 75 Rural (% of rural population) 27 46 70 Urban (% of urban population) 32 82 89 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 25 36 36 Rural (% of rural population) 14 26 24 Urban (% of urban population) 47 55 61 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 225 171 123 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) .. 16.9 23.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) .. 10.6 8.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) .. 4.7 3.4 Energy depletion (% of GNI) .. 8.0 5.8 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.5 0.3 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.7 0.8 CO damage (% of GNI) .. 0.9 1.2 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) .. 0.4 0.6 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 0.6 8.9 194 2005 Little Green Data Book South Africa Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in 1993 Group data Sub- Lower Country Saharan middle data Africa income Population (millions) 45.8 705 2,655 Urban population (% of total) 59.2 36.5 49.8 GDP ($ billions) 159.9 439 4,168 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 2,750 500 1,490 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 1,214 23,596 56,103 Agricultural land (% of land area) 82 43 35 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 9.5 4.2 20.8 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 654 145 1,170 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 128 352 497 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 760 5,191 74,407 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 89 6,435 20,316 Forest area share of total land area (%) 7.3 27.3 36.2 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) 0.1 0.8 0.1 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known 247 Mammal species, threatened 42 Bird species, total breeding 304 Bird species, threatened 28 Nationally protected area (% of land area) 5.5 8.7 7.7 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) 3.9 2.8 4.1 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) 2,502 667 1,227 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 11.2 57.5 12.3 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) ­29 ­56 ­22 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 3,860 457 1,289 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) 93.1 68.2 42.8 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.8 0.4 0.6 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 7.4 0.7 2.9 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 24 54 49 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) 94 .. 28 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 982 5,546 8,397 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 29.6 1.8 5.9 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 72 85 74 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 87 58 82 Rural (% of rural population) 73 46 71 Urban (% of urban population) 98 82 94 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 67 36 60 Rural (% of rural population) 44 26 41 Urban (% of urban population) 86 55 80 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 66 171 39 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) 16.3 16.9 30.6 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 13.3 10.6 9.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 7.5 4.7 3.2 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 1.1 8.0 8.1 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.9 0.5 0.4 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.3 0.7 0.1 CO damage (% of GNI) 1.5 0.9 1.6 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.4 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 6.5 0.6 13.2 2005 Little Green Data Book 195 Spain Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in .. Group data Country High data income Population (millions) 41.1 972 Urban population (% of total) 78.3 79.9 GDP ($ billions) 839 29,341 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 17,040 28,600 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 499 31,030 Agricultural land (% of land area) 59 36 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 20.2 12.3 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 1,572 1,198 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 65 202 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 1,397 28,712 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 144 7,929 Forest area share of total land area (%) 28.8 25.9 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) ­0.6 ­0.1 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known 82 Mammal species, threatened 24 Bird species, total breeding 281 Bird species, threatened 7 Nationally protected area (% of land area) 8.5 19.5 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) 6.5 5.2 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) 3,215 5,395 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 3.3 3.1 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) 76 26 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 5,048 8,693 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) 34.0 38.2 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.3 0.5 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 7.0 12.4 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 40 33 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) 441 436 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 2,701 9,479 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 31.7 9.7 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 68 42 Access to improved water source (% of total population) .. 99 Rural (% of rural population) .. 98 Urban (% of urban population) .. 100 Access to sanitation (% of total population) .. .. Rural (% of rural population) .. .. Urban (% of urban population) .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 4 7 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) 23.3 19.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 12.9 13.2 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 4.3 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.8 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 CO damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.3 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) 0.4 0.3 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 14.0 9.2 196 2005 Little Green Data Book Sri Lanka Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in 1994 Group data Lower Country South middle data Asia income Population (millions) 19.2 1,425 2,655 Urban population (% of total) 23.8 28.3 49.8 GDP ($ billions) 18.2 765 4,168 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 930 510 1,490 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 65 4,781 56,103 Agricultural land (% of land area) 36 55 35 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 33.3 41.2 20.8 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 3,103 1,027 1,170 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 1,588 559 497 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 288 8,724 74,407 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 19 780 20,316 Forest area share of total land area (%) 30.0 16.3 36.2 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) 1.6 0.1 0.1 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known 88 Mammal species, threatened 22 Bird species, total breeding 126 Bird species, threatened 14 Nationally protected area (% of land area) 13.5 4.8 7.7 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) 8.0 5.1 4.1 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) 430 468 1,227 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 52.9 39.3 12.3 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) 44 19 ­22 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 297 344 1,289 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) .. 59.8 42.8 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.2 0.4 0.6 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.6 0.9 2.9 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 94 69 49 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) 11 6 28 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 2,600 1,275 8,397 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 19.6 40.5 5.9 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 96 94 74 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 78 84 82 Rural (% of rural population) 72 80 71 Urban (% of urban population) 99 93 94 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 91 35 60 Rural (% of rural population) 89 23 41 Urban (% of urban population) 98 64 80 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 15 92 39 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) 21.7 24.9 30.6 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 5.2 9.0 9.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 2.9 3.5 3.2 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 2.4 8.1 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.3 0.4 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.4 0.7 0.1 CO damage (% of GNI) 0.3 1.3 1.6 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) 0.3 0.7 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 18.3 14.0 13.2 2005 Little Green Data Book 197 St. Kitts and Nevis Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in .. Group data Latin Upper Country America & middle data Caribbean income Population (millions) 0.0 533 333 Urban population (% of total) 34.7 76.6 75.4 GDP ($ billions) 0.3 1,741 1,856 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 6,630 3,280 5,440 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 0 20,057 12,741 Agricultural land (% of land area) 28 39 48 Irrigated land (% of crop land) .. 12.5 13.5 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 2,429 892 796 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 437 210 193 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 1 17,804 10,082 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 0 9,552 2,427 Forest area share of total land area (%) 11.1 47.6 19.1 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) 0.0 0.5 0.6 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known .. Mammal species, threatened 0 Bird species, total breeding .. Bird species, threatened 1 Nationally protected area (% of land area) .. 11.2 17.3 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) .. 6.1 4.3 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) .. 1,156 2,232 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 14.6 4.1 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) .. ­42 ­91 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 1,506 2,496 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) .. 5.0 23.9 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.2 0.4 0.6 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 2.4 2.7 6.3 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 23 40 29 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) .. .. 153 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) .. 25,245 10,741 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) .. 2.0 5.7 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) .. 74 71 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 99 89 .. Rural (% of rural population) 99 69 .. Urban (% of urban population) 99 96 96 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 96 74 .. Rural (% of rural population) 96 44 .. Urban (% of urban population) 96 84 .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 22 33 22 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) 25.8 19.5 22.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 13.5 10.3 10.7 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 4.2 4.2 5.0 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 6.4 11.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.7 0.3 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 0.0 CO damage (% of GNI) 0.3 0.5 0.8 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) .. 0.5 0.6 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 16.3 5.3 3.3 198 2005 Little Green Data Book St. Lucia Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in .. Group data Latin Upper Country America & middle data Caribbean income Population (millions) 0.2 533 333 Urban population (% of total) 38.6 76.6 75.4 GDP ($ billions) 0.7 1,741 1,856 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 4,050 3,280 5,440 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 1 20,057 12,741 Agricultural land (% of land area) .. 39 48 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 16.7 12.5 13.5 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 3,358 892 796 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 2,455 210 193 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 2 17,804 10,082 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 0 9,552 2,427 Forest area share of total land area (%) 14.8 47.6 19.1 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) 4.3 0.5 0.6 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known .. Mammal species, threatened 1 Bird species, total breeding .. Bird species, threatened 5 Nationally protected area (% of land area) .. 11.2 17.3 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) .. 6.1 4.3 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) .. 1,156 2,232 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 14.6 4.1 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) .. ­42 ­91 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 1,506 2,496 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) .. 5.0 23.9 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.4 0.4 0.6 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 2.1 2.7 6.3 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) .. 40 29 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) .. .. 153 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) .. 25,245 10,741 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) .. 2.0 5.7 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 0 74 71 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 98 89 .. Rural (% of rural population) 98 69 .. Urban (% of urban population) 98 96 96 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 89 74 .. Rural (% of rural population) 89 44 .. Urban (% of urban population) 89 84 .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 18 33 22 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) 8.8 19.5 22.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 11.8 10.3 10.7 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 7.7 4.2 5.0 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 6.4 11.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.7 0.3 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 0.0 CO damage (% of GNI) 0.3 0.5 0.8 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) .. 0.5 0.6 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 4.4 5.3 3.3 2005 Little Green Data Book 199 St. Vincent & Grenadines Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in .. Group data Latin Upper Country America & middle data Caribbean income Population (millions) 0.1 533 333 Urban population (% of total) 58.1 76.6 75.4 GDP ($ billions) 0.4 1,741 1,856 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 3,310 3,280 5,440 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 0 20,057 12,741 Agricultural land (% of land area) 41 39 48 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 7.1 12.5 13.5 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 3,047 892 796 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 670 210 193 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 46 17,804 10,082 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 0 9,552 2,427 Forest area share of total land area (%) 15.4 47.6 19.1 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) 1.5 0.5 0.6 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known .. Mammal species, threatened 2 Bird species, total breeding .. Bird species, threatened 2 Nationally protected area (% of land area) .. 11.2 17.3 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) .. 6.1 4.3 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) .. 1,156 2,232 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 14.6 4.1 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) .. ­42 ­91 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 1,506 2,496 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) .. 5.0 23.9 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.3 0.4 0.6 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 1.4 2.7 6.3 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 33 40 29 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) .. .. 153 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) .. 25,245 10,741 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) .. 2.0 5.7 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 0 74 71 Access to improved water source (% of total population) .. 89 .. Rural (% of rural population) 93 69 .. Urban (% of urban population) .. 96 96 Access to sanitation (% of total population) .. 74 .. Rural (% of rural population) 96 44 .. Urban (% of urban population) .. 84 .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 27 33 22 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) 12.6 19.5 22.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 11.1 10.3 10.7 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 4.7 4.2 5.0 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 6.4 11.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.7 0.3 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 0.0 CO damage (% of GNI) 0.3 0.5 0.8 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) .. 0.5 0.6 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 5.9 5.3 3.3 200 2005 Little Green Data Book Sudan Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in .. Group data Sub- Country Saharan Low data Africa income Population (millions) 33.5 705 2,312 Urban population (% of total) 38.9 36.5 30.4 GDP ($ billions) 17.8 439 1,103 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 460 500 440 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 2,376 23,596 30,456 Agricultural land (% of land area) 56 43 43 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 11.7 4.2 26.7 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 43 145 654 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 125 352 509 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 59 5,191 16,410 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 616 6,435 7,939 Forest area share of total land area (%) 25.9 27.3 26.1 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) 1.4 0.8 0.7 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known 267 Mammal species, threatened 23 Bird species, total breeding 280 Bird species, threatened 6 Nationally protected area (% of land area) 5.2 8.7 7.7 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) 3.6 2.8 4.1 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) 483 667 493 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 79.8 57.5 49.4 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) ­58 ­56 ­6 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 74 457 312 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) .. 68.2 47.4 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.1 0.4 0.4 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.2 0.7 0.8 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 246 54 63 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) .. .. .. Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 894 5,546 3,583 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 59.3 1.8 11.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 94 85 92 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 69 58 75 Rural (% of rural population) 64 46 70 Urban (% of urban population) 78 82 89 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 34 36 36 Rural (% of rural population) 24 26 24 Urban (% of urban population) 50 55 61 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 93 171 123 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) 22.4 16.9 23.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 8.9 10.6 8.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 0.9 4.7 3.4 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 8.0 5.8 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.5 0.3 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.7 0.8 CO damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.9 1.2 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) 0.6 0.4 0.6 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 13.6 0.6 8.9 2005 Little Green Data Book 201 Suriname Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in .. Group data Latin Lower Country America & middle data Caribbean income Population (millions) 0.4 533 2,655 Urban population (% of total) 76.0 76.6 49.8 GDP ($ billions) 1.2 1,741 4,168 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 2,280 3,280 1,490 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 156 20,057 56,103 Agricultural land (% of land area) 1 39 35 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 76.1 12.5 20.8 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 982 892 1,170 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 188 210 497 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 19 17,804 74,407 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 141 9,552 20,316 Forest area share of total land area (%) 90.5 47.6 36.2 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) 0.0 0.5 0.1 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known 180 Mammal species, threatened 12 Bird species, total breeding 235 Bird species, threatened 1 Nationally protected area (% of land area) 4.9 11.2 7.7 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) .. 6.1 4.1 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) .. 1,156 1,227 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 14.6 12.3 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) .. ­42 ­22 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 1,506 1,289 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) .. 5.0 42.8 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) .. 0.4 0.6 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 5.0 2.7 2.9 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 51 40 49 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) 43 .. 28 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 200,866 25,245 8,397 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 0.6 2.0 5.9 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 89 74 74 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 92 89 82 Rural (% of rural population) 73 69 71 Urban (% of urban population) 98 96 94 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 93 74 60 Rural (% of rural population) 76 44 41 Urban (% of urban population) 99 84 80 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 39 33 39 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) ­1.9 19.5 30.6 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 9.1 10.3 9.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) .. 4.2 3.2 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 6.4 8.1 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.4 0.7 0.4 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 0.1 CO damage (% of GNI) 1.4 0.5 1.6 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) .. 0.5 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 5.3 13.2 202 2005 Little Green Data Book Swaziland Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in .. Group data Sub- Lower Country Saharan middle data Africa income Population (millions) 1.1 705 2,655 Urban population (% of total) 27.4 36.5 49.8 GDP ($ billions) 1.8 439 4,168 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 1,350 500 1,490 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 17 23,596 56,103 Agricultural land (% of land area) 81 43 35 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 36.8 4.2 20.8 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 393 145 1,170 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 446 352 497 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 0 5,191 74,407 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 5 6,435 20,316 Forest area share of total land area (%) 30.3 27.3 36.2 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) ­1.2 0.8 0.1 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known .. Mammal species, threatened 4 Bird species, total breeding .. Bird species, threatened 5 Nationally protected area (% of land area) .. 8.7 7.7 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) .. 2.8 4.1 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) .. 667 1,227 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 57.5 12.3 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) .. ­56 ­22 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 457 1,289 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) .. 68.2 42.8 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.1 0.4 0.6 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.4 0.7 2.9 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 40 54 49 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) 41 .. 28 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 2,389 5,546 8,397 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) .. 1.8 5.9 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 96 85 74 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 52 58 82 Rural (% of rural population) 42 46 71 Urban (% of urban population) 87 82 94 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 52 36 60 Rural (% of rural population) 44 26 41 Urban (% of urban population) 78 55 80 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 153 171 39 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) 14.2 16.9 30.6 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 9.4 10.6 9.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 5.1 4.7 3.2 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 8.0 8.1 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.5 0.4 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.7 0.1 CO damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.9 1.6 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) 0.1 0.4 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 9.7 0.6 13.2 2005 Little Green Data Book 203 Sweden Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in .. Group data Country High data income Population (millions) 9.0 972 Urban population (% of total) 83.4 79.9 GDP ($ billions) 302 29,341 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 28,910 28,600 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 412 31,030 Agricultural land (% of land area) 8 36 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 4.3 12.3 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 1,000 1,198 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 56 202 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 319 28,712 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 271 7,929 Forest area share of total land area (%) 65.9 25.9 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) 0.0 ­0.1 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known 60 Mammal species, threatened 7 Bird species, total breeding 259 Bird species, threatened 2 Nationally protected area (% of land area) 9.1 19.5 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) 4.4 5.2 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) 5,718 5,395 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 16.3 3.1 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) 37 26 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 14,742 8,693 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) 2.6 38.2 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.2 0.5 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 5.3 12.4 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 15 33 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) 452 436 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 19,093 9,479 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 1.7 9.7 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 9 42 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 100 99 Rural (% of rural population) 100 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 100 .. Rural (% of rural population) 100 .. Urban (% of urban population) 100 .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 4 7 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) 23.1 19.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 13.9 13.2 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 7.7 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.8 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.1 0.0 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 CO damage (% of GNI) 0.1 0.3 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) 0.0 0.3 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 16.7 9.2 204 2005 Little Green Data Book Switzerland Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in .. Group data Country High data income Population (millions) 7.4 972 Urban population (% of total) 67.5 79.9 GDP ($ billions) 320 29,341 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 40,680 28,600 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 40 31,030 Agricultural land (% of land area) 40 36 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 5.8 12.3 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 2,275 1,198 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 579 202 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 3 28,712 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 12 7,929 Forest area share of total land area (%) 30.3 25.9 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) ­0.4 ­0.1 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known 75 Mammal species, threatened 5 Bird species, total breeding 199 Bird species, threatened 2 Nationally protected area (% of land area) 30.0 19.5 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) 7.8 5.2 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) 3,723 5,395 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 6.1 3.1 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) 56 26 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 7,381 8,693 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) .. 38.2 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.2 0.5 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 5.4 12.4 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 26 33 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) 507 436 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 5,442 9,479 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 3.0 9.7 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 4 42 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 100 99 Rural (% of rural population) 100 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 100 .. Rural (% of rural population) 100 .. Urban (% of urban population) 100 .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 6 7 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) .. 19.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 14.9 13.2 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 4.9 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.8 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 CO damage (% of GNI) 0.1 0.3 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.3 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 9.2 2005 Little Green Data Book 205 Syrian Arab Republic Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in 1999 Group data Middle East Lower Country & North middle data Africa income Population (millions) 17.4 312 2,655 Urban population (% of total) 52.5 59.0 49.8 GDP ($ billions) 21.5 745 4,168 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 1,160 2,390 1,490 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 184 11,111 56,103 Agricultural land (% of land area) 75 34 35 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 24.6 38.3 20.8 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 703 854 1,170 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 177 603 497 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 14 2,840 74,407 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 5 168 20,316 Forest area share of total land area (%) 2.5 1.5 36.2 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) 0.0 ­0.1 0.1 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known 63 Mammal species, threatened 4 Bird species, total breeding 145 Bird species, threatened 8 Nationally protected area (% of land area) .. 11.3 7.7 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) 3.2 3.5 4.1 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) 1,063 1,504 1,227 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 0.0 1.0 12.3 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) ­103 ­168 ­22 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 1,000 1,412 1,289 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) .. 2.3 42.8 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 1.0 0.8 0.6 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 3.3 4.2 2.9 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 102 87 49 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) 9 .. 28 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 403 761 8,397 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 171.4 101.7 5.9 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 90 88 74 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 79 88 82 Rural (% of rural population) 64 78 71 Urban (% of urban population) 94 96 94 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 77 75 60 Rural (% of rural population) 56 56 41 Urban (% of urban population) 97 90 80 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 18 53 39 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) 28.0 31.2 30.6 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 9.7 10.0 9.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 3.5 5.5 3.2 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 33.1 30.7 8.1 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.1 0.1 0.4 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 0.1 CO damage (% of GNI) 1.7 1.2 1.6 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) 0.8 0.8 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) ­13.9 ­6.2 13.2 206 2005 Little Green Data Book Tajikistan Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in .. Group data Europe & Country Central Low data Asia income Population (millions) 6.3 472 2,312 Urban population (% of total) 27.6 63.8 30.4 GDP ($ billions) 1.6 1,403 1,103 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 210 2,580 440 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 141 23,868 30,456 Agricultural land (% of land area) 32 28 43 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 68.0 10.9 26.7 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 300 344 654 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 488 122 509 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 0 5,527 16,410 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 4 9,463 7,939 Forest area share of total land area (%) 2.8 39.6 26.1 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) ­0.5 ­0.1 0.7 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known 84 Mammal species, threatened 9 Bird species, total breeding 210 Bird species, threatened 7 Nationally protected area (% of land area) 4.2 6.8 7.7 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) 1.8 2.5 4.1 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) 518 2,697 493 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 2.3 49.4 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) 59 ­23 ­6 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 2,236 2,808 312 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) .. 29.4 47.4 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.8 1.1 0.4 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.6 6.7 0.8 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 64 33 63 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) .. 138 .. Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 10,468 11,128 3,583 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 18.0 7.4 11.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 92 57 92 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 58 91 75 Rural (% of rural population) 47 80 70 Urban (% of urban population) 93 98 89 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 53 82 36 Rural (% of rural population) 47 64 24 Urban (% of urban population) 71 93 61 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 95 36 123 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) ­7.6 21.9 23.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 7.6 10.7 8.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 2.0 4.1 3.4 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.2 11.6 5.8 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.1 0.3 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 0.8 CO damage (% of GNI) 3.4 1.9 1.2 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.6 0.6 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) ­16.9 1.1 8.9 2005 Little Green Data Book 207 Tanzania Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in 1994 Group data Sub- Country Saharan Low data Africa income Population (millions) 35.9 705 2,312 Urban population (% of total) 35.4 36.5 30.4 GDP ($ billions) 10.3 439 1,103 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 300 500 440 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 884 23,596 30,456 Agricultural land (% of land area) 45 43 43 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 3.3 4.2 26.7 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 18 145 654 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 578 352 509 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 336 5,191 16,410 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 388 6,435 7,939 Forest area share of total land area (%) 43.9 27.3 26.1 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) 0.2 0.8 0.7 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known 316 Mammal species, threatened 42 Bird species, total breeding 229 Bird species, threatened 33 Nationally protected area (% of land area) 29.8 8.7 7.7 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) 1.4 2.8 4.1 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) 408 667 493 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 90.7 57.5 49.4 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) 7 ­56 ­6 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 62 457 312 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) 3.5 68.2 47.4 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.2 0.4 0.4 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.1 0.7 0.8 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 37 54 63 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) .. .. .. Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 2,285 5,546 3,583 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 1.5 1.8 11.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 89 85 92 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 73 58 75 Rural (% of rural population) 62 46 70 Urban (% of urban population) 92 82 89 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 46 36 36 Rural (% of rural population) 41 26 24 Urban (% of urban population) 54 55 61 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 165 171 123 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) 9.4 16.9 23.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 7.4 10.6 8.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 2.4 4.7 3.4 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 8.0 5.8 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.5 0.5 0.3 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.7 0.8 CO damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.9 1.2 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.4 0.6 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 3.4 0.6 8.9 208 2005 Little Green Data Book Thailand Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in .. Group data East Lower Country Asia & middle data Pacific income Population (millions) 62.0 1,855 2,655 Urban population (% of total) 20.4 39.1 49.8 GDP ($ billions) 143.0 2,033 4,168 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 2,190 1,070 1,490 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 511 15,886 56,103 Agricultural land (% of land area) 37 50 35 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 25.6 .. 20.8 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 1,072 2,297 1,170 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 310 565 497 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 3,606 60,812 74,407 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 148 4,284 20,316 Forest area share of total land area (%) 28.9 27.0 36.2 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) 0.7 0.2 0.1 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known 265 Mammal species, threatened 37 Bird species, total breeding 285 Bird species, threatened 37 Nationally protected area (% of land area) 13.9 9.2 7.7 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) 5.0 4.6 4.1 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) 1,353 904 1,227 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 16.4 19.6 12.3 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) 46 ­4 ­22 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 1,626 891 1,289 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) 16.5 66.8 42.8 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.5 0.5 0.6 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 3.3 2.1 2.9 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 76 69 49 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) .. 10 28 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 3,386 5,103 8,397 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 15.8 8.2 5.9 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 91 81 74 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 85 78 82 Rural (% of rural population) 80 69 71 Urban (% of urban population) 95 92 94 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 99 49 60 Rural (% of rural population) 100 35 41 Urban (% of urban population) 97 71 80 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 26 41 39 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) 31.1 41.7 30.6 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 15.0 9.2 9.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 3.6 2.3 3.2 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 2.0 3.9 8.1 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.3 0.4 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.3 0.1 0.1 CO damage (% of GNI) 1.0 1.8 1.6 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) 0.4 0.8 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 16.1 27.9 13.2 2005 Little Green Data Book 209 Timor-Leste Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in .. Group data East Country Asia & Low data Pacific income Population (millions) 0.9 1,855 2,312 Urban population (% of total) 7.7 39.1 30.4 GDP ($ billions) 0.3 2,033 1,103 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 460 1,070 440 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 15 15,886 30,456 Agricultural land (% of land area) 15 50 43 Irrigated land (% of crop land) .. .. 26.7 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) .. 2,297 654 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 1,098 565 509 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 0 60,812 16,410 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 5 4,284 7,939 Forest area share of total land area (%) 34.1 27.0 26.1 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) 0.6 0.2 0.7 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known .. Mammal species, threatened 0 Bird species, total breeding .. Bird species, threatened 6 Nationally protected area (% of land area) .. 9.2 7.7 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) .. 4.6 4.1 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) .. 904 493 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 19.6 49.4 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) .. ­4 ­6 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 891 312 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) .. 66.8 47.4 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) .. 0.5 0.4 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) .. 2.1 0.8 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) .. 69 63 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) .. 10 .. Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) .. 5,103 3,583 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) .. 8.2 11.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) .. 81 92 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 52 78 75 Rural (% of rural population) 51 69 70 Urban (% of urban population) 73 92 89 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 33 49 36 Rural (% of rural population) 30 35 24 Urban (% of urban population) 65 71 61 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 124 41 123 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) .. 41.7 23.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) .. 9.2 8.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) .. 2.3 3.4 Energy depletion (% of GNI) .. 3.9 5.8 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.3 0.3 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.1 0.8 CO damage (% of GNI) .. 1.8 1.2 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) .. 0.8 0.6 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 27.9 8.9 210 2005 Little Green Data Book Togo Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in 1991 Group data Sub- Country Saharan Low data Africa income Population (millions) 4.9 705 2,312 Urban population (% of total) 35.1 36.5 30.4 GDP ($ billions) 1.8 439 1,103 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 310 500 440 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 54 23,596 30,456 Agricultural land (% of land area) 67 43 43 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 0.7 4.2 26.7 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 68 145 654 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 124 352 509 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 23 5,191 16,410 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 5 6,435 7,939 Forest area share of total land area (%) 9.4 27.3 26.1 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) 3.4 0.8 0.7 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known 196 Mammal species, threatened 9 Bird species, total breeding 117 Bird species, threatened 0 Nationally protected area (% of land area) 7.9 8.7 7.7 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) 4.9 2.8 4.1 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) 324 667 493 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 70.2 57.5 49.4 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) 30 ­56 ­6 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 457 312 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) .. 68.2 47.4 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.2 0.4 0.4 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.4 0.7 0.8 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 46 54 63 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) .. .. .. Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 2,468 5,546 3,583 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 0.8 1.8 11.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 25 85 92 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 51 58 75 Rural (% of rural population) 36 46 70 Urban (% of urban population) 80 82 89 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 34 36 36 Rural (% of rural population) 15 26 24 Urban (% of urban population) 71 55 61 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 140 171 123 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) 2.0 16.9 23.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 7.9 10.6 8.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 4.2 4.7 3.4 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 8.0 5.8 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.7 0.5 0.3 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 3.3 0.7 0.8 CO damage (% of GNI) 0.9 0.9 1.2 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) 0.3 0.4 0.6 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) ­6.9 0.6 8.9 2005 Little Green Data Book 211 Tonga Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in .. Group data East Lower Country Asia & middle data Pacific income Population (millions) 0.1 1,855 2,655 Urban population (% of total) 33.5 39.1 49.8 GDP ($ billions) 0.2 2,033 4,168 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 1,490 1,070 1,490 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 1 15,886 56,103 Agricultural land (% of land area) 72 50 35 Irrigated land (% of crop land) .. .. 20.8 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) .. 2,297 1,170 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 397 565 497 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 5 60,812 74,407 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 0 4,284 20,316 Forest area share of total land area (%) 5.6 27.0 36.2 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) 0.0 0.2 0.1 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known .. Mammal species, threatened 2 Bird species, total breeding .. Bird species, threatened 3 Nationally protected area (% of land area) .. 9.2 7.7 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) .. 4.6 4.1 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) .. 904 1,227 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 19.6 12.3 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) .. ­4 ­22 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 891 1,289 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) .. 66.8 42.8 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.2 0.5 0.6 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 1.2 2.1 2.9 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) .. 69 49 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) .. 10 28 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) .. 5,103 8,397 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) .. 8.2 5.9 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) .. 81 74 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 100 78 82 Rural (% of rural population) 100 69 71 Urban (% of urban population) 100 92 94 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 97 49 60 Rural (% of rural population) 96 35 41 Urban (% of urban population) 98 71 80 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 19 41 39 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) .. 41.7 30.6 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 9.7 9.2 9.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 4.7 2.3 3.2 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 3.9 8.1 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.3 0.4 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.1 0.1 0.1 CO damage (% of GNI) 0.5 1.8 1.6 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) .. 0.8 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 27.9 13.2 212 2005 Little Green Data Book Trinidad and Tobago Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in .. Group data Latin Upper Country America & middle data Caribbean income Population (millions) 1.3 533 333 Urban population (% of total) 75.3 76.6 75.4 GDP ($ billions) 10.5 1,741 1,856 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 7,790 3,280 5,440 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 5 20,057 12,741 Agricultural land (% of land area) 26 39 48 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 3.3 12.5 13.5 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 434 892 796 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 437 210 193 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 11 17,804 10,082 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 3 9,552 2,427 Forest area share of total land area (%) 50.5 47.6 19.1 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) 0.8 0.5 0.6 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known 100 Mammal species, threatened 1 Bird species, total breeding 131 Bird species, threatened 1 Nationally protected area (% of land area) 6.0 11.2 17.3 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) 1.3 6.1 4.3 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) 7,121 1,156 2,232 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 0.3 14.6 4.1 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) ­130 ­42 ­91 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 4,330 1,506 2,496 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) .. 5.0 23.9 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 2.3 0.4 0.6 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 20.5 2.7 6.3 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 24 40 29 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) .. .. 153 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 3,047 25,245 10,741 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 7.5 2.0 5.7 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 6 74 71 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 91 89 .. Rural (% of rural population) 88 69 .. Urban (% of urban population) 92 96 96 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 100 74 .. Rural (% of rural population) 100 44 .. Urban (% of urban population) 100 84 .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 20 33 22 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) 25.9 19.5 22.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 12.2 10.3 10.7 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 3.9 4.2 5.0 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 38.5 6.4 11.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.7 0.3 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 0.0 CO damage (% of GNI) 1.9 0.5 0.8 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) 0.0 0.5 0.6 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) ­22.8 5.3 3.3 2005 Little Green Data Book 213 Tunisia Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in 1994 Group data Middle East Lower Country & North middle data Africa income Population (millions) 9.9 312 2,655 Urban population (% of total) 67.4 59.0 49.8 GDP ($ billions) 25.0 745 4,168 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 2,240 2,390 1,490 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 155 11,111 56,103 Agricultural land (% of land area) 58 34 35 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 7.8 38.3 20.8 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 368 854 1,170 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 117 603 497 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 100 2,840 74,407 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 5 168 20,316 Forest area share of total land area (%) 3.3 1.5 36.2 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) ­0.2 ­0.1 0.1 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known 78 Mammal species, threatened 11 Bird species, total breeding 165 Bird species, threatened 5 Nationally protected area (% of land area) 0.3 11.3 7.7 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) 7.7 3.5 4.1 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) 846 1,504 1,227 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 15.3 1.0 12.3 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) 16 ­168 ­22 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 1,019 1,412 1,289 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) .. 2.3 42.8 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.3 0.8 0.6 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 1.9 4.2 2.9 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 47 87 49 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) 53 .. 28 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 404 761 8,397 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 70.0 101.7 5.9 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 86 88 74 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 82 88 82 Rural (% of rural population) 60 78 71 Urban (% of urban population) 94 96 94 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 80 75 60 Rural (% of rural population) 62 56 41 Urban (% of urban population) 90 90 80 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 24 53 39 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) 22.9 31.2 30.6 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 10.0 10.0 9.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 6.4 5.5 3.2 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 3.7 30.7 8.1 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.4 0.1 0.4 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.1 0.0 0.1 CO damage (% of GNI) 0.6 1.2 1.6 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) 0.3 0.8 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 14.0 ­6.2 13.2 214 2005 Little Green Data Book Turkey Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in 1998 Group data Europe & Lower Country Central middle data Asia income Population (millions) 70.7 472 2,655 Urban population (% of total) 67.0 63.8 49.8 GDP ($ billions) 240.4 1,403 4,168 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 2,800 2,580 1,490 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 770 23,868 56,103 Agricultural land (% of land area) 50 28 35 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 18.3 10.9 20.8 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 672 344 1,170 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 90 122 497 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 595 5,527 74,407 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 102 9,463 20,316 Forest area share of total land area (%) 13.3 39.6 36.2 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) ­0.2 ­0.1 0.1 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known 116 Mammal species, threatened 17 Bird species, total breeding 278 Bird species, threatened 11 Nationally protected area (% of land area) 1.6 6.8 7.7 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) 5.7 2.5 4.1 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) 1,083 2,697 1,227 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 8.0 2.3 12.3 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) 68 ­23 ­22 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 1,458 2,808 1,289 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) 24.8 29.4 42.8 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.5 1.1 0.6 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 3.3 6.7 2.9 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 54 33 49 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) 66 138 28 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 3,210 11,128 8,397 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 15.6 7.4 5.9 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 73 57 74 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 93 91 82 Rural (% of rural population) 87 80 71 Urban (% of urban population) 96 98 94 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 83 82 60 Rural (% of rural population) 62 64 41 Urban (% of urban population) 94 93 80 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 39 36 39 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) 19.2 21.9 30.6 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 7.0 10.7 9.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 3.3 4.1 3.2 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.2 11.6 8.1 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.1 0.4 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 0.1 CO damage (% of GNI) 0.6 1.9 1.6 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) 1.2 0.6 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 13.5 1.1 13.2 2005 Little Green Data Book 215 Turkmenistan Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in .. Group data Europe & Lower Country Central middle data Asia income Population (millions) 4.9 472 2,655 Urban population (% of total) 45.4 63.8 49.8 GDP ($ billions) 6.2 1,403 4,168 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 1,120 2,580 1,490 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 470 23,868 56,103 Agricultural land (% of land area) 69 28 35 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 94.0 10.9 20.8 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 529 344 1,170 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 142 122 497 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 13 5,527 74,407 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 38 9,463 20,316 Forest area share of total land area (%) 8.0 39.6 36.2 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) 0.0 ­0.1 0.1 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known 103 Mammal species, threatened 13 Bird species, total breeding 204 Bird species, threatened 6 Nationally protected area (% of land area) 4.2 6.8 7.7 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) 1.4 2.5 4.1 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) 3,465 2,697 1,227 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 2.3 12.3 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) ­223 ­23 ­22 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 1,371 2,808 1,289 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) .. 29.4 42.8 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 2.0 1.1 0.6 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 7.5 6.7 2.9 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 68 33 49 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) .. 138 28 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 206 11,128 8,397 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 2,380.0 7.4 5.9 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 98 57 74 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 71 91 82 Rural (% of rural population) 54 80 71 Urban (% of urban population) 93 98 94 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 62 82 60 Rural (% of rural population) 50 64 41 Urban (% of urban population) 77 93 80 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 102 36 39 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) .. 21.9 30.6 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 9.4 10.7 9.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) .. 4.1 3.2 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 108.9 11.6 8.1 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.1 0.4 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 0.1 CO damage (% of GNI) 7.4 1.9 1.6 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) 0.3 0.6 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 1.1 13.2 216 2005 Little Green Data Book Uganda Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in 1994 Group data Sub- Country Saharan Low data Africa income Population (millions) 25.3 705 2,312 Urban population (% of total) 15.3 36.5 30.4 GDP ($ billions) 6.3 439 1,103 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 250 500 440 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 197 23,596 30,456 Agricultural land (% of land area) 62 43 43 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 0.1 4.2 26.7 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 18 145 654 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 410 352 509 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 223 5,191 16,410 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 42 6,435 7,939 Forest area share of total land area (%) 21.3 27.3 26.1 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) 2.0 0.8 0.7 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known 345 Mammal species, threatened 20 Bird species, total breeding 243 Bird species, threatened 13 Nationally protected area (% of land area) 24.6 8.7 7.7 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) .. 2.8 4.1 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) .. 667 493 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 57.5 49.4 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) .. ­56 ­6 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 457 312 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) .. 68.2 47.4 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.1 0.4 0.4 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.1 0.7 0.8 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 16 54 63 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) .. .. .. Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 1,543 5,546 3,583 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 0.5 1.8 11.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 60 85 92 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 56 58 75 Rural (% of rural population) 52 46 70 Urban (% of urban population) 87 82 89 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 41 36 36 Rural (% of rural population) 39 26 24 Urban (% of urban population) 53 55 61 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 140 171 123 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) 17.6 16.9 23.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 7.3 10.6 8.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 1.9 4.7 3.4 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 8.0 5.8 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.5 0.3 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 6.9 0.7 0.8 CO damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.9 1.2 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) 0.0 0.4 0.6 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 5.2 0.6 8.9 2005 Little Green Data Book 217 Ukraine Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in 1999 Group data Europe & Lower Country Central middle data Asia income Population (millions) 48.4 472 2,655 Urban population (% of total) 68.2 63.8 49.8 GDP ($ billions) 49.5 1,403 4,168 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 970 2,580 1,490 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 579 23,868 56,103 Agricultural land (% of land area) 71 28 35 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 6.8 10.9 20.8 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 181 344 1,170 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 48 122 497 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 382 5,527 74,407 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 96 9,463 20,316 Forest area share of total land area (%) 16.5 39.6 36.2 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) ­0.3 ­0.1 0.1 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known 108 Mammal species, threatened 16 Bird species, total breeding 245 Bird species, threatened 8 Nationally protected area (% of land area) 3.9 6.8 7.7 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) 1.8 2.5 4.1 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) 2,684 2,697 1,227 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 0.2 2.3 12.3 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) 45 ­23 ­22 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 2,229 2,808 1,289 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) 17.2 29.4 42.8 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 1.7 1.1 0.6 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 6.9 6.7 2.9 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 35 33 49 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) 108 138 28 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 1,096 11,128 8,397 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 49.1 7.4 5.9 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 30 57 74 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 98 91 82 Rural (% of rural population) 94 80 71 Urban (% of urban population) 100 98 94 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 99 82 60 Rural (% of rural population) 97 64 41 Urban (% of urban population) 100 93 80 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 20 36 39 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) 26.6 21.9 30.6 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 19.0 10.7 9.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 6.4 4.1 3.2 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 6.4 11.6 8.1 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.1 0.4 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 0.1 CO damage (% of GNI) 5.9 1.9 1.6 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) 1.0 0.6 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 0.6 1.1 13.2 218 2005 Little Green Data Book United Arab Emirates Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in .. Group data Country High data income Population (millions) 4.0 972 Urban population (% of total) 88.0 79.9 GDP ($ billions) 71 29,341 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) .. 28,600 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 84 31,030 Agricultural land (% of land area) 6 36 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 28.6 12.3 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 4,667 1,198 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 621 202 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 118 28,712 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 3 7,929 Forest area share of total land area (%) 3.8 25.9 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) ­2.8 ­0.1 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known 25 Mammal species, threatened 3 Bird species, total breeding 34 Bird species, threatened 8 Nationally protected area (% of land area) 0.0 19.5 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) 1.9 5.2 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) 9,609 5,395 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 0.0 3.1 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) ­294 26 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 9,656 8,693 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) .. 38.2 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) .. 0.5 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 18.1 12.4 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 78 33 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) .. 436 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 49 9,479 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 1,050.0 9.7 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 67 42 Access to improved water source (% of total population) .. 99 Rural (% of rural population) .. 98 Urban (% of urban population) .. 100 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 100 .. Rural (% of rural population) 100 .. Urban (% of urban population) 100 .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 8 7 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) .. 19.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) .. 13.2 Education expenditure (% of GNI) .. 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.8 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.0 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.0 CO damage (% of GNI) .. 0.3 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) 0.0 0.3 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 9.2 2005 Little Green Data Book 219 United Kingdom Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in 1995 Group data Country High data income Population (millions) 59.3 972 Urban population (% of total) 89.7 79.9 GDP ($ billions) 1,795 29,341 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 28,320 28,600 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 241 31,030 Agricultural land (% of land area) 70 36 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 2.9 12.3 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 3,131 1,198 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 107 202 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 919 28,712 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 28 7,929 Forest area share of total land area (%) 11.6 25.9 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) ­0.6 ­0.1 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known 50 Mammal species, threatened 12 Bird species, total breeding 229 Bird species, threatened 2 Nationally protected area (% of land area) 20.9 19.5 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) 6.6 5.2 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) 3,824 5,395 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 1.0 3.1 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) ­14 26 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 5,618 8,693 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) 32.8 38.2 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.4 0.5 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 9.6 12.4 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 19 33 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) 384 436 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 2,444 9,479 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 8.1 9.7 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 3 42 Access to improved water source (% of total population) .. 99 Rural (% of rural population) .. 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Access to sanitation (% of total population) .. .. Rural (% of rural population) .. .. Urban (% of urban population) .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 7 7 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) 14.3 19.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 11.4 13.2 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 5.3 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.9 0.8 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 CO damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.3 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) 0.1 0.3 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 7.0 9.2 220 2005 Little Green Data Book United States Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in 1995 Group data Country High data income Population (millions) 290.8 972 Urban population (% of total) 77.9 79.9 GDP ($ billions) 10,949 29,341 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 37,870 28,600 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 9,159 31,030 Agricultural land (% of land area) 45 36 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 12.6 12.3 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 1,096 1,198 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 37 202 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 5,405 28,712 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 2,260 7,929 Forest area share of total land area (%) 24.7 25.9 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) ­0.2 ­0.1 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known 428 Mammal species, threatened 37 Bird species, total breeding 508 Bird species, threatened 55 Nationally protected area (% of land area) 25.9 19.5 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) 4.4 5.2 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) 7,943 5,395 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 3.0 3.1 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) 27 26 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 12,183 8,693 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) 51.3 38.2 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.6 0.5 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 19.8 12.4 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 25 33 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) 481 436 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 9,628 9,479 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 16.7 9.7 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 42 42 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 100 99 Rural (% of rural population) 100 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 100 .. Rural (% of rural population) 100 .. Urban (% of urban population) 100 .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 8 7 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) 13.5 19.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 11.8 13.2 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 4.8 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 1.2 0.8 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 CO damage (% of GNI) 0.4 0.3 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) 0.3 0.3 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 4.7 9.2 2005 Little Green Data Book 221 Uruguay Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in .. Group data Latin Upper Country America & middle data Caribbean income Population (millions) 3.4 533 333 Urban population (% of total) 92.5 76.6 75.4 GDP ($ billions) 11.2 1,741 1,856 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 3,820 3,280 5,440 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 175 20,057 12,741 Agricultural land (% of land area) 85 39 48 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 13.5 12.5 13.5 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 992 892 796 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 20 210 193 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 105 17,804 10,082 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 13 9,552 2,427 Forest area share of total land area (%) 7.4 47.6 19.1 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) ­5.0 0.5 0.6 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known 81 Mammal species, threatened 6 Bird species, total breeding 115 Bird species, threatened 11 Nationally protected area (% of land area) 0.3 11.2 17.3 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) 10.0 6.1 4.3 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) 747 1,156 2,232 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 16.7 14.6 4.1 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) 51 ­42 ­91 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 1,834 1,506 2,496 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) .. 5.0 23.9 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.2 0.4 0.6 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 1.6 2.7 6.3 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 173 40 29 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) .. .. 153 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 17,455 25,245 10,741 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 1.2 2.0 5.7 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 91 74 71 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 98 89 .. Rural (% of rural population) 93 69 .. Urban (% of urban population) 98 96 96 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 94 74 .. Rural (% of rural population) 85 44 .. Urban (% of urban population) 95 84 .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 14 33 22 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) 13.0 19.5 22.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 11.0 10.3 10.7 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 2.4 4.2 5.0 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 6.4 11.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.7 0.3 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 0.0 CO damage (% of GNI) 0.3 0.5 0.8 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) 1.9 0.5 0.6 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 2.2 5.3 3.3 222 2005 Little Green Data Book Uzbekistan Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in .. Group data Europe & Country Central Low data Asia income Population (millions) 25.6 472 2,312 Urban population (% of total) 36.7 63.8 30.4 GDP ($ billions) 9.9 1,403 1,103 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 420 2,580 440 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 414 23,868 30,456 Agricultural land (% of land area) 67 28 43 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 88.7 10.9 26.7 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 1,602 344 654 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 357 122 509 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 8 5,527 16,410 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 20 9,463 7,939 Forest area share of total land area (%) 4.8 39.6 26.1 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) ­0.2 ­0.1 0.7 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known 97 Mammal species, threatened 9 Bird species, total breeding 203 Bird species, threatened 9 Nationally protected area (% of land area) 2.0 6.8 7.7 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) 0.8 2.5 4.1 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) 2,047 2,697 493 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 2.3 49.4 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) ­8 ­23 ­6 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 1,670 2,808 312 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) 4.0 29.4 47.4 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 3.2 1.1 0.4 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 4.8 6.7 0.8 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 83 33 63 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) .. 138 .. Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 625 11,128 3,583 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 363.1 7.4 11.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 94 57 92 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 89 91 75 Rural (% of rural population) 84 80 70 Urban (% of urban population) 97 98 89 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 57 82 36 Rural (% of rural population) 48 64 24 Urban (% of urban population) 73 93 61 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 69 36 123 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) 23.4 21.9 23.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 7.8 10.7 8.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 9.4 4.1 3.4 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 61.0 11.6 5.8 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.1 0.3 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 0.8 CO damage (% of GNI) 9.1 1.9 1.2 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) 0.6 0.6 0.6 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) ­45.7 1.1 8.9 2005 Little Green Data Book 223 Vanuatu Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in .. Group data East Lower Country Asia & middle data Pacific income Population (millions) 0.2 1,855 2,655 Urban population (% of total) 22.9 39.1 49.8 GDP ($ billions) 0.3 2,033 4,168 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 1,180 1,070 1,490 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 12 15,886 56,103 Agricultural land (% of land area) 13 50 35 Irrigated land (% of crop land) .. .. 20.8 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) .. 2,297 1,170 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 531 565 497 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 27 60,812 74,407 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 4 4,284 20,316 Forest area share of total land area (%) 36.7 27.0 36.2 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) ­0.1 0.2 0.1 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known .. Mammal species, threatened 5 Bird species, total breeding .. Bird species, threatened 7 Nationally protected area (% of land area) .. 9.2 7.7 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) .. 4.6 4.1 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) .. 904 1,227 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 19.6 12.3 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) .. ­4 ­22 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 891 1,289 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) .. 66.8 42.8 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.1 0.5 0.6 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.4 2.1 2.9 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 28 69 49 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) .. 10 28 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) .. 5,103 8,397 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) .. 8.2 5.9 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) .. 81 74 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 60 78 82 Rural (% of rural population) 52 69 71 Urban (% of urban population) 85 92 94 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 50 49 60 Rural (% of rural population) 42 35 41 Urban (% of urban population) 78 71 80 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 38 41 39 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) .. 41.7 30.6 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 9.5 9.2 9.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 5.6 2.3 3.2 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 3.9 8.1 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.3 0.4 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.1 0.1 CO damage (% of GNI) 0.2 1.8 1.6 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) .. 0.8 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 27.9 13.2 224 2005 Little Green Data Book Venezuela, RB Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in .. Group data Latin Upper Country America & middle data Caribbean income Population (millions) 25.7 533 333 Urban population (% of total) 87.6 76.6 75.4 GDP ($ billions) 85.4 1,741 1,856 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 3,490 3,280 5,440 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 882 20,057 12,741 Agricultural land (% of land area) 25 39 48 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 17.7 12.5 13.5 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 1,230 892 796 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 130 210 193 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 435 17,804 10,082 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 495 9,552 2,427 Forest area share of total land area (%) 56.1 47.6 19.1 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) 0.4 0.5 0.6 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known 323 Mammal species, threatened 26 Bird species, total breeding 547 Bird species, threatened 24 Nationally protected area (% of land area) 63.8 11.2 17.3 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) 2.4 6.1 4.3 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) 2,141 1,156 2,232 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 1.0 14.6 4.1 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) ­289 ­42 ­91 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 2,472 1,506 2,496 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) .. 5.0 23.9 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 1.2 0.4 0.6 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 6.5 2.7 6.3 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 16 40 29 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) .. .. 153 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 28,122 25,245 10,741 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 0.6 2.0 5.7 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 46 74 71 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 83 89 .. Rural (% of rural population) 70 69 .. Urban (% of urban population) 85 96 96 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 68 74 .. Rural (% of rural population) 48 44 .. Urban (% of urban population) 71 84 .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 21 33 22 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) 22.1 19.5 22.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 7.4 10.3 10.7 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 4.4 4.2 5.0 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 37.2 6.4 11.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.4 0.7 0.3 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 0.0 CO damage (% of GNI) 1.0 0.5 0.8 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) 0.0 0.5 0.6 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) ­19.6 5.3 3.3 2005 Little Green Data Book 225 Vietnam Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in .. Group data East Country Asia & Low data Pacific income Population (millions) 81.3 1,855 2,312 Urban population (% of total) 25.4 39.1 30.4 GDP ($ billions) 39.2 2,033 1,103 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 480 1,070 440 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 325 15,886 30,456 Agricultural land (% of land area) 28 50 43 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 33.7 .. 26.7 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 2,948 2,297 654 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 901 565 509 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 2,010 60,812 16,410 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 98 4,284 7,939 Forest area share of total land area (%) 30.2 27.0 26.1 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) ­0.5 0.2 0.7 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known 213 Mammal species, threatened 40 Bird species, total breeding 262 Bird species, threatened 37 Nationally protected area (% of land area) 3.7 9.2 7.7 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) 4.2 4.6 4.1 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) 530 904 493 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 54.5 19.6 49.4 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) ­25 ­4 ­6 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 374 891 312 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) 13.6 66.8 47.4 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.4 0.5 0.4 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.7 2.1 0.8 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 75 69 63 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) .. 10 .. Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 4,513 5,103 3,583 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 14.8 8.2 11.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 87 81 92 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 73 78 75 Rural (% of rural population) 67 69 70 Urban (% of urban population) 93 92 89 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 41 49 36 Rural (% of rural population) 26 35 24 Urban (% of urban population) 84 71 61 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 23 41 123 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) 27.1 41.7 23.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 8.0 9.2 8.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 2.8 2.3 3.4 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 8.2 3.9 5.8 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.3 0.3 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.7 0.1 0.8 CO damage (% of GNI) 1.0 1.8 1.2 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) 0.4 0.8 0.6 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 11.6 27.9 8.9 226 2005 Little Green Data Book Virgin Islands (U.S.) Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in .. Group data Country High data income Population (millions) 0.1 972 Urban population (% of total) 47.3 79.9 GDP ($ billions) .. 29,341 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) .. 28,600 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 0 31,030 Agricultural land (% of land area) 29 36 Irrigated land (% of crop land) .. 12.3 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 1,500 1,198 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 1,461 202 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 0 28,712 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 0 7,929 Forest area share of total land area (%) 41.2 25.9 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) 0.0 ­0.1 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known .. Mammal species, threatened 1 Bird species, total breeding .. Bird species, threatened 2 Nationally protected area (% of land area) .. 19.5 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) .. 5.2 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) .. 5,395 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 3.1 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) .. 26 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 8,693 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) .. 38.2 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) .. 0.5 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 121.2 12.4 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 43 33 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) .. 436 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) .. 9,479 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) .. 9.7 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) .. 42 Access to improved water source (% of total population) .. 99 Rural (% of rural population) .. 98 Urban (% of urban population) .. 100 Access to sanitation (% of total population) .. .. Rural (% of rural population) .. .. Urban (% of urban population) .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) .. 7 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) .. 19.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) .. 13.2 Education expenditure (% of GNI) .. 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.8 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.0 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.0 CO damage (% of GNI) .. 0.3 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) .. 0.3 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 9.2 2005 Little Green Data Book 227 West Bank and Gaza Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in .. Group data Middle East Lower Country & North middle data Africa income Population (millions) 3.4 312 2,655 Urban population (% of total) .. 59.0 49.8 GDP ($ billions) 3.5 745 4,168 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 1,110 2,390 1,490 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 6 11,111 56,103 Agricultural land (% of land area) .. 34 35 Irrigated land (% of crop land) .. 38.3 20.8 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) .. 854 1,170 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) .. 603 497 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) .. 2,840 74,407 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) .. 168 20,316 Forest area share of total land area (%) .. 1.5 36.2 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) .. ­0.1 0.1 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known .. Mammal species, threatened 1 Bird species, total breeding .. Bird species, threatened 1 Nationally protected area (% of land area) .. 11.3 7.7 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) .. 3.5 4.1 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) .. 1,504 1,227 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 1.0 12.3 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) .. ­168 ­22 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 1,412 1,289 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) .. 2.3 42.8 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) .. 0.8 0.6 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) .. 4.2 2.9 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) .. 87 49 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) .. .. 28 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) .. 761 8,397 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) .. 101.7 5.9 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) .. 88 74 Access to improved water source (% of total population) .. 88 82 Rural (% of rural population) .. 78 71 Urban (% of urban population) .. 96 94 Access to sanitation (% of total population) .. 75 60 Rural (% of rural population) .. 56 41 Urban (% of urban population) .. 90 80 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) .. 53 39 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) ­22.8 31.2 30.6 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 8.1 10.0 9.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) .. 5.5 3.2 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 30.7 8.1 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.1 0.4 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 0.1 CO damage (% of GNI) .. 1.2 1.6 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) .. 0.8 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. ­6.2 13.2 228 2005 Little Green Data Book Yemen, Rep. Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in 1996 Group data Middle East Country & North Low data Africa income Population (millions) 19.2 312 2,312 Urban population (% of total) 25.7 59.0 30.4 GDP ($ billions) 10.8 745 1,103 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 520 2,390 440 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 528 11,111 30,456 Agricultural land (% of land area) 33 34 43 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 30.0 38.3 26.7 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 75 854 654 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 903 603 509 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 142 2,840 16,410 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 4 168 7,939 Forest area share of total land area (%) 0.9 1.5 26.1 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) 1.8 ­0.1 0.7 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known 66 Mammal species, threatened 5 Bird species, total breeding 93 Bird species, threatened 12 Nationally protected area (% of land area) .. 11.3 7.7 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) 3.8 3.5 4.1 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) 221 1,504 493 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 1.9 1.0 49.4 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) ­441 ­168 ­6 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 152 1,412 312 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) .. 2.3 47.4 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.6 0.8 0.4 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.5 4.2 0.8 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 98 87 63 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) .. .. .. Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 209 761 3,583 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 72.5 101.7 11.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 92 88 92 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 69 88 75 Rural (% of rural population) 68 78 70 Urban (% of urban population) 74 96 89 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 30 75 36 Rural (% of rural population) 14 56 24 Urban (% of urban population) 76 90 61 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 113 53 123 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) 19.2 31.2 23.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 8.9 10.0 8.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) .. 5.5 3.4 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 37.6 30.7 5.8 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.1 0.3 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 0.8 CO damage (% of GNI) 1.2 1.2 1.2 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) 0.5 0.8 0.6 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. ­6.2 8.9 2005 Little Green Data Book 229 Zambia Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in 1994 Group data Sub- Country Saharan Low data Africa income Population (millions) 10.4 705 2,312 Urban population (% of total) 40.3 36.5 30.4 GDP ($ billions) 4.3 439 1,103 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) 380 500 440 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 743 23,596 30,456 Agricultural land (% of land area) 47 43 43 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 0.9 4.2 26.7 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 124 145 654 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 117 352 509 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 69 5,191 16,410 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 312 6,435 7,939 Forest area share of total land area (%) 42.0 27.3 26.1 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) 2.4 0.8 0.7 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known 233 Mammal species, threatened .. Bird species, total breeding 252 Bird species, threatened 11 Nationally protected area (% of land area) 31.9 8.7 7.7 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) 1.3 2.8 4.1 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) 639 667 493 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 81.3 57.5 49.4 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) 5 ­56 ­6 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 583 457 312 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) 0.2 68.2 47.4 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.2 0.4 0.4 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.2 0.7 0.8 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 73 54 63 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) .. .. .. Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 7,690 5,546 3,583 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 2.1 1.8 11.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 77 85 92 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 55 58 75 Rural (% of rural population) 36 46 70 Urban (% of urban population) 90 82 89 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 45 36 36 Rural (% of rural population) 32 26 24 Urban (% of urban population) 68 55 61 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 182 171 123 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) 15.9 16.9 23.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 8.1 10.6 8.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 2.0 4.7 3.4 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 8.0 5.8 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 1.2 0.5 0.3 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.7 0.8 CO damage (% of GNI) 0.4 0.9 1.2 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) .. 0.4 0.6 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 8.2 0.6 8.9 230 2005 Little Green Data Book Zimbabwe Environmental strategy/action plan prepared in 1987 Group data Sub- Country Saharan Low data Africa income Population (millions) 13.1 705 2,312 Urban population (% of total) 37.5 36.5 30.4 GDP ($ billions) 17.8 439 1,103 GNI per capita, Atlas method ($) .. 500 440 Agriculture and fisheries Land area (1,000 sq. km) 387 23,596 30,456 Agricultural land (% of land area) 53 43 43 Irrigated land (% of crop land) 3.5 4.2 26.7 Fertilizer consumption (100 grams/ha arable land) 342 145 654 Population density, rural (people/sq. km arable land) 255 352 509 Fish catch, total (1,000 metric tons) 13 5,191 16,410 Forests Forest area (1,000 sq. km) 190 6,435 7,939 Forest area share of total land area (%) 49.2 27.3 26.1 Annual deforestation (% change, 1990­2000) 1.5 0.8 0.7 Biodiversity Mammal species, total known 270 Mammal species, threatened .. Bird species, total breeding 229 Bird species, threatened 10 Nationally protected area (% of land area) 12.1 8.7 7.7 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2000 PPP$/kg oil equiv) 3.0 2.8 4.1 Energy use per capita (kg oil equiv) 751 667 493 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 59.0 57.5 49.4 Energy imports, net (% of energy use) 13 ­56 ­6 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 831 457 312 Electricity generated by coal (% of total) 55.1 68.2 47.4 Emissions and pollution CO emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2000 PPP$ GDP) 0.5 0.4 0.4 2 CO emissions per capita (metric tons) 1.2 0.7 0.8 2 Particulate matter (pop. weighted average, µg/cu. m) 61 54 63 Passenger cars (per 1,000 people) .. .. .. Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 1,069 5,546 3,583 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 8.6 1.8 11.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 79 85 92 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 83 58 75 Rural (% of rural population) 74 46 70 Urban (% of urban population) 100 82 89 Access to sanitation (% of total population) 57 36 36 Rural (% of rural population) 51 26 24 Urban (% of urban population) 69 55 61 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 126 171 123 National accounting aggregates, 2003 Gross national savings (% of GNI) .. 16.9 23.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) .. 10.6 8.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 6.9 4.7 3.4 Energy depletion (% of GNI) .. 8.0 5.8 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.5 0.3 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.7 0.8 CO damage (% of GNI) .. 0.9 1.2 2 Particulate emission damage (% of GNI) 0.5 0.4 0.6 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 0.6 8.9 2005 Little Green Data Book 231 Glossary Access to an improved water source refers to the share of the population with reasonable access to an adequate amount of water from an improved source, such as a household connection, public standpipe, borehole, pro- tected well or spring, or rainwater collection. Unimproved sources include vendors, tanker trucks, and unprotected wells and springs. Reasonable access to an adequate amount is defined as the availability of at least 20 liters a person a day from a source within one kilometer of the dwelling. (World Health Organization; the data are for 2002) Access to sanitation is the share of population with access to at least ade- quate excreta disposal facilities (private or shared, but not public) that can effectively prevent human, animal, and insect contact with excreta. Improved facilities range from simple but protected pit latrines to flush toi- lets with a sewerage connection. To be effective, facilities must be cor- rectly constructed and properly maintained. (World Health Organization; the data are for 2002) Adjusted net savings are equal to gross national savings minus consumption of fixed capital, plus education expenditures and minus energy depletion, min- eral depletion, net forest depletion, and particulate matter and carbon diox- ide damage. In cases where data are not available, adjusted net savings do not include particulate emission damage. (World Bank; the data are for 2003) Agricultural land refers to the share of land area that is arable, under per- manent crops, and under permanent pastures. Arable land includes land defined by the Food and Agriculture Organization as land under temporary crops (double-cropped areas are counted once), temporary meadows for mowing or for pasture, land under market or kitchen gardens, and land temporarily fallow. Land abandoned as a result of shifting cultivation is excluded. Land under permanent crops is land cultivated with crops that occupy the land for long periods and need not be replanted after each har- vest, such as cocoa, coffee, and rubber. This category includes land under flowering shrubs, fruit trees, nut trees, and vines, but excludes land under trees grown for wood or timber. Permanent pasture is land used for five or more years for forage, including natural and cultivated crops. (Food and Agriculture Organization; the data are for 2002) Annual deforestation refers to the permanent conversion of natural forest area to other uses, including shifting cultivation, permanent agriculture, ranch- ing, settlements, and infrastructure development. Deforested areas do not include areas logged but intended for regeneration or areas degraded by fuelwood gathering, acid precipitation, or forest fires. Negative num- bers indicate an increase in forest areas. (Food and Agriculture Organization; the data are for 1990­2000) Bird species, threatened, are the number of birds classified by the World Conservation Union (IUCN) as endangered, vulnerable, rare, indeterminate, out of danger, or insufficiently known. (World Conservation Monitoring Center­IUCN; the data are for 2002) Bird species, total breeding, are listed for countries included within their breed- ing or wintering ranges. (World Conservation Monitoring Center­IUCN; the data are for 2002) Carbon dioxide (CO2) damage is estimated to be $20 per ton of carbon (the unit damage in 1995 U.S. dollars) times the number of tons of carbon emitted. (World Bank estimates; the data are for 2003) Carbon dioxide (CO ) emissions per capita are those stemming from the burn- 2 ing of fossil fuels and the manufacture of cement divided by population. They include carbon dioxide produced during consumption of solid, liquid, and gas fuels and gas flaring. (Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center; the data are for 2000) 232 2005 Little Green Data Book Carbon dioxide (CO ) emissions per unit of GDP are carbon dioxide emissions 2 in kilograms per unit of 2000 GDP in purchasing power parity (PPP) terms. PPP GDP is gross domestic product converted to international dollars using PPP rates. An international dollar has the same purchasing power over GDP as a U.S. dollar has in the United States. (Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center, World Bank; the data are for 2000) Consumption of fixed capital represents the replacement value of capital used up in the process of production. (United Nations; the data are extrapo- lated for 2003) Education expenditure refers to public current operating expenditures in edu- cation, including wages and salaries and excluding capital investments in buildings and equipment. (United Nations; the data are extrapolated from the most recent year available) Electric power consumption refers to the production of power plants and com- bined heat and power plants less transmission, distribution, and trans- formation losses and own use by heat and power plants. (International Energy Agency; the data are for 2002) Electricity generated by coal refers to the contribution of coal, as an input, in the generation of electricity. (International Energy Agency; the data are for 2002) Energy depletion is equal to the product of unit resource rents and the phys- ical quantities of energy extracted. It covers crude oil, natural gas, and coal. (A wide range of data sources and estimation methods were used to arrive at resource depletion estimates and are described in a 1998 World Bank working paper entitled "Estimating National Wealth;" the data are for 2003) Energy from biomass products and waste comprises solid biomass, liquid bio- mass, biogas, industrial waste, and municipal waste, measured as a share of total energy use (International Energy Agency; the data are for 2002) Energy imports, net, are calculated as energy use less production, both mea- sured in oil equivalents. A negative value indicates that the country is a net exporter. (International Energy Agency; the data are for 2002) Energy use per capita refers to apparent consumption, which is equal to indige- nous production plus imports and stock changes, minus exports and fuels supplied to ships and aircraft engaged in international transport. (International Energy Agency; the data are for 2002) Environmental strategies and action plans provide a comprehensive, cross-sec- toral analysis of conservation and resource management issues to help integrate environmental concerns into the development process. They include national conservation strategies, national environmental action plans, national environmental management strategies, and national sus- tainable development strategies. The year shown for a country refers to the year in which a strategy or action plan was adopted. (World Resources Institute, International Institute for Environment and Development, World Conservation Monitoring Center­IUCN, and World Bank) Fertilizer consumption measures the quantity of plant nutrients used per unit of arable land. Fertilizer products cover nitrogenous, potash, and phos- phate fertilizers (including ground rock phosphate). The time reference for fertilizer consumption is the crop year (July through June). (Food and Agriculture Organization; the data are for 2002) Fish catch, total, consists of freshwater diadrom, demersal marine fish, pelagic marine fish, crustaceans, and mollusks, excluding cephalopods and aquatic mammals. Data refer to production (catch and aquaculture) 2005 Little Green Data Book 233 in live weight equivalent, which is the weight of fish and shellfish at the time of removal from the water. (Food and Agriculture Organization; the data are for 2001) Forest area is land under natural or planted stands of trees, whether produc- tive or not. (Food and Agriculture Organization; the data are for 2000) Freshwater withdrawals, total, refer to total water withdrawal, not counting evaporation losses from storage basins. Withdrawals also include water from desalination plants in countries where they are a significant source. Withdrawals can exceed 100 percent of internal renewable resources where extraction from nonrenewable aquifers or desalination plants is consider- able, where there is significant water reuse, or where there are significant inflows. (World Resources Institute; the data are for various years; for details see Primary Data Documentation in World Development Indicators 2005) Freshwater withdrawals, agriculture, are freshwater withdrawals for irrigation and livestock production as a share of total freshwater withdrawal. (World Resources Institute; the data are for various years; for details see Primary Data Documentation in World Development Indicators 2005) GDP per unit of energy use is 2000 GDP in purchasing power parity (PPP) terms per kilogram of oil equivalent of commercial energy use. PPP GDP is gross domestic product converted to international dollars using PPP rates. An international dollar has the same purchasing power over GDP as a U.S. dollar has in the United States. (International Energy Agency, World Bank; the data are for 2002) GDP is gross domestic product, which measures the total output of goods and services for final use occurring within the domestic territory of a given coun- try, regardless of the allocation to domestic and foreign claims. GDP at pur- chaser values (market prices) is the sum of gross value added by all resident and nonresident producers in the economy plus any taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. (World Bank, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, United Nations; the data are for 2003) GNI per capita is gross national income (formerly called gross national prod- uct or GNP) divided by midyear population. GNI is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers plus any taxes (less subsidies) that are not included in the valuation of output plus net receipts of primary income (employee compensation and property income) from nonresident sources. GNI per capita is in current U.S. dollars, converted using the World Bank Atlas method; see Statistical Methods in World Development Indicators 2005. (World Bank, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, United Nations; the data are for 2003) Gross national savings are calculated as the difference between GNI and pub- lic and private consumption plus net current transfers. (World Bank, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, United Nations; the data are for 2003) Internal freshwater resources refer to internal renewable resources, which include flows of rivers and groundwater from rainfall in the country, but do not include river flows from other countries. Freshwater resources per capita are calculated using the World Bank's population estimates. (World Resources Institute; the estimates are for 2003) Irrigated land refers to areas purposely provided with water, including land irri- gated by controlled flooding. Crop land refers to arable land and land used for permanent crops. (Food and Agriculture Organization; the data are for 2002) 234 2005 Little Green Data Book Land area is a country's total area, excluding area under inland water bodies, national claims to continental shelf, and exclusive economic zones. In most cases the definition of inland water bodies includes major rivers and lakes. (Food and Agriculture Organization; the data are for 2002) Mammals species, total known, excludes whales and porpoises. (World Con- servation Monitoring Center­IUCN; the data are for 2002) Mammals, threatened, are the number of mammal species classified by the World Conservation Union (IUCN) as endangered, vulnerable, rare, inde- terminate, out of danger, or insufficiently known. (World Conservation Monitoring Center­IUCN; the data are for 2002) Mineral depletion is equal to the product of unit resource rents and the phys- ical quantities of minerals extracted. It refers to bauxite, copper, iron, lead, nickel, phosphate, tin, gold, silver, and zinc. (A wide range of data sources and estimation methods used to arrive at resource depletion estimates are described in a 1998 World Bank working paper entitled "Estimating National Wealth;" the data are for 2003) Nationally protected areas are totally or partially protected areas of at least 1,000 hectares that are designated as national parks, natural monu- ments, nature reserves or wildlife sanctuaries, protected landscapes and seascapes, or scientific reserves. (World Conservation Monitoring Center­IUCN; the data are preliminary, and they are for most recent year reported in 2003) Net forest depletion is calculated as the product of unit resource rents and the excess of roundwood harvest over natural growth. If growth exceeds harvest, this figure is zero. (Food and Agriculture Organization, World Bank estimates of natural growth; the data are for 2003) Particulate matter refers to fine suspended particulates less than 10 microns in diameter that are capable of penetrating deep into the respiratory tract and causing damage. It is the population weighted average of all cities in the country with a population in excess of 100,000. (World Bank esti- mates; the data are for 1999) Particulate emission damage is calculated as the willingness to pay to reduce the risk of mortality attributable to particulate emissions. (World Bank estimates; the data are for 2003) Passenger cars refer to road motor vehicles, other than two-wheelers, intended for the carriage of passengers and designed to seat no more than nine people including the driver. (International Road Federation; the data are for 2002) Population includes all residents who are present regardless of legal status or citizenship--except for refugees not permanently settled in the coun- try of asylum, who are generally considered part of the population of their country of origin. The values shown are midyear estimates. (World Bank, United Nations; the data are for 2003) Population density, rural, is the rural population divided by the arable land area. Rural population is estimated as the difference between the total popula- tion and the urban population. (United Nations; the data are for 2002) Under-five mortality rate is the probability that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five, if subject to current age-specific mortality rates. (United Nations, United Nations Children's Fund; the data are for 2003) Urban population is the share of the midyear population living in areas defined as urban in each country. (United Nations; data are for 2003) 2005 Little Green Data Book 235