FY 2024 Moldova Country Opinion Survey Report ECR Business Intelligence Team | May 2024 Acknowledgements The Moldova Country Opinion Survey is part of the County Opinion Survey Program series of the World Bank Group. This report was prepared by the Business Intelligence (BI) team, led by José De Buerba (Senior External Affairs Officer) and Svetlana Markova (Senior External Affairs Officer). Yulia Danilina, Jessica Cameron, Nan Lin, and Sofya Gubaydullina oversaw the design, reporting, and analysis of the survey results. Noreen Wambui and Irina Popova provided data support. BI acknowledges the significant contribution from the Moldova country team and independent fielding agency, Magenta Consulting. In particular, BI is grateful for the support from Boris Ciobanu (External Affairs Officer) and Ala Muntean (Executive Assistant), who coordinated the survey-related activities from Chisinau, Moldova. Contents Objectives Methodology Overview Overall Context Overall Attitudes toward the World Bank Group World Bank Group’s Support for Development Areas World Bank Group’s Work and Engagement on the Ground in Moldova Financial Instruments and Knowledge Work The Future Role of the World Bank Group in Moldova Communications and Outreach Sample Demographics and Detailed Methodology 3 Objectives This survey was designed to assist the World Bank Group (WBG) in better understanding how stakeholders in Moldova perceive the WBG. The survey explored the following questions: 1. Overall Context: How familiar are stakeholders with the WBG? How much do they trust the WBG? 2. Key Indicators: What opinion do key stakeholders have of the WBG regarding its effectiveness, relevance, alignment with Moldova’s development priorities, and other key indicators? Are opinions improving or declining? 3. Development Priorities: What areas of development are perceived to be the most important? Have the priorities changed over the past four years? How effective is the WBG perceived to be in these areas? 4. Engagement and Work on the Ground: What do key stakeholders value the most and the least about the WBG’s work in Moldova? How is the WBG perceived as a development partner? Are opinions improving or declining? 5. Financial Instruments and Knowledge Work: What opinion do key stakeholders have of WBG financial instruments and knowledge products? Are opinions improving or declining? What are stakeholders’ suggestions for improving WBG’s effectiveness? 6. Communication and Outreach: What are the preferred communication channels? Are there differences among stakeholder groups in terms of preferred channels? 7. Message Recall: What key topics that the WBG communicates do stakeholders recall? Is there a relationship between message recall and views of the WBG’s work? 4 Methodology Overview Government Institution 33% ▪ Fielded December 2023 – March 2024 ▪ 841 potential participants were asked to complete a mostly Civil Society Organization 16% quantitative survey ▪ Respondents completed the questionnaire online and on paper Academia / Research Centers 15% ▪ List of names provided by the WBG country team and supplemented by the fielding agency ▪ Process managed on the ground by the fielding agency Local Government Office or Staff 11% ▪ 235 participants (28% response rate) Private Sector 8% ▪ 69% from the Chisinau ▪ 49% currently collaborate with the WBG Media 8% ▪ Compared to FY19 Country Survey ▪ 204 participants (43% response rate) Bilateral or Multilateral Agency 6% ▪ Respondents completed the questionnaire online and on paper ▪ 50% collaborated with the WBG Office of the President, Prime 3% Minister, Minister Click here for details of the Respondent Sample and Methodology. What is your primary professional affiliation? Q (Select only 1 response) (Percentage of Respondents, N=235) 5 6 Overall Context “Supporting the business environment to achieve high -quality products accepted by the EU market.” (Government Institution Respondent) “More assistance is needed, including technical assistance, possibly the donation of machinery, and the funding of sustainable, essential, and meaningful projects. Expert support is also beneficial, but the tangible results are more visible and bring more value to those who invest in them.” (Government Institution Respondent) Q In your opinion, what is the most important thing the World Bank Group could do to increase its effectiveness in Moldova? (N=128) Stakeholders Most Familiar with the EU, UN, and WBG ▪ Respondents in this year’s Country Survey were asked 7.8 to indicate their familiarity with the work of several European Union international organizations and the World Bank Group (WBG). Of these organizations, respondents in Moldova indicated the highest levels of familiarity with 6.9 the work of the European Union, followed by the United United Nations Nations and the World Bank Group. Respondents were least familiar with the work of the European Investment Bank and International Monetary Fund. 6.8 World Bank Group ▪ Respondents’ familiarity with the WBG in this year’s 6.4 survey was slightly higher than in FY19, although the FY24 increase was not statistically significant. FY19 European Bank for Reconstruction and 6.5 Development (EBRD) 6.1 International Monetary Fund 6.0 European Investment Bank (EIB) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Mean Rating of Familiarity How familiar are you with the work of these organizations in Moldova? Q Scale: (1-"Not familiar at all", 10-"Extremely familiar") 7 Familiarity with the World Bank Group ▪ Collaboration with the WBG: Respondents who indicated that they collaborate with the WBG reported significantly All Respondents* 6.8 higher levels of familiarity with the institution’s work: Mean familiarity: Collaborate with WBG = 8.2 Government Institutions^ 7.9 Do not collaborate = 5.4 Private Sector 7.1 ▪ Stakeholders: Respondents from the government institutions indicated significantly higher levels of familiarity with the WBG Academia 6.3 compared to respondents from other stakeholder groups, particularly those from the media and bilateral/multilateral agencies who reported the lowest levels of familiarity with the Local Government 6.1 work of the WBG. Civil Society 6.0 Bilateral/Multilateral Agency 5.8 Media 5.7 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 How familiar are you with the work of these organizations in Moldova? (World Bank Group) Mean Rating of Familiarity Q Scale: 1 Not familiar at all – 10 Extremely familiar (N=234) *Significant difference between stakeholder groups 8 ^The Government Institutions group includes respondents from Government Institutions and the Office of the President / Prime Minister / Minister Trust in WBG Remains High European Union* 8.5 8.0 and Stable Bilateral Agencies* 7.2 8.0 World Bank Group 7.7 Respondents in Moldova gave the highest trust ratings for 7.8 the European Union and bilateral agencies, followed by the United Nations 7.6 7.3 WBG. Regional development banks 7.5 ▪ Respondents from the bilateral/multilateral agency and 7.4 government institutions had the highest trust ratings in International Monetary Fund 7.4 7.2 the WBG (means = 8.7 and 8.3, respectively). In contrast, 7.3 respondents from the media and civil society had National government* 5.3 significantly lower trust ratings in the WBG (means = 6.5 Moldova’s Central Bank (National 7.2 and 6.9). Bank of Moldova)* 5.4 FY24 7.1 FY19 ▪ Trust ratings increased for most of the institutions studied Parliament in both years. The increase in trust in the National Bank of 6.9 Academia / research centers Moldova and the National government is especially notable. Local government 6.8 Private sector 6.7 6.5 Civil society 6.6 6.3 Private foundations 6.6 Media* 6.3 5.7 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 How much do you trust each of the following institutions to do what is right for Moldova? *Significant difference between years Mean Rating of Trust Q Scale: 1 Not at all – 10 Very much (FY24 N=~216; FY19 N=~180) 9 10 Overall Attitudes toward the World Bank Group “…The WBG should encourage and facilitate ongoing dialogue with the Moldovan government to identify national development priorities and ensure that WBG-funded projects are aligned with national objectives and policies. It is important to have open and transparent communication between the WBG and the Moldovan government to avoid dysfunctions and maximize the impact of projects...” (Civil Society Respondent) Q In your opinion, what is the most important thing the World Bank Group could do to increase its effectiveness in Moldova? (N=128) Significant Improvement in Key Performance Indicators In FY24, respondents gave significantly higher Alignment with development 7.9 ratings for the WBG’s alignment with Moldova’s priorities* 7.3 development priorities and positive influence on shaping development policy in Moldova. Ratings for the institution’s relevance to development in the Positive influence on shaping 7.9 country and effectiveness in achieving results in Moldova were also significantly higher in FY24. development policy*^ 7.0 7.9 Relevant role in development* FY24 7.4 FY19 The WBG’s work is aligned with what I consider the development priorities for Q Moldova. Scale: 1 Strongly disagree – 10 Strongly agree The WBG has a positive influence on shaping development policy in Moldova. Effectiveness in achieving results 7.6 Scale: 1 To no degree at all – 10 To a very significant degree in Moldova*^^ The WBG currently plays a relevant role in development in Moldova. Scale: 7.2 1Strongly disagree – 10 Strongly agree How effective has the WBG been in achieving development results in Moldova? Scale: 1 Not effective at all – 10 Very effective The WBG’s work helps end poverty and reduce inequality in Moldova. Scale: 1 7.6 Strongly disagree – 10 Strongly agree Ends poverty and reduces inquality ^In FY19, the question was: “To what extent does the World Bank Group influence the development agenda in Moldova? Scale: 1 To no degree at all – 10 To a very significant degree 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Mean Rating ^^Compared to a mean score of the two questions asked in FY19: "Overall, please rate your impression of the WBG’s effectiveness in Moldova. Scale: 1 Not effective at all – 10 Very effective; To what extent does the WBG’s work *Significant difference between years help to achieve development results in Moldova? Scale: 1 To no degree at all – 10 To a very significant degree 11 Stakeholders from the 7.6 8.6 7.4 Relevant role in Government Institutions development* 7.2 7.3 8.2 and Academia Have More 6.4 8.5 Positive Perceptions of Positive influence on 7.0 7.6 Government Institutions Local Government the WBG shaping development policy* 7.3 7.5 8.4 Bilateral/Multilateral Agency 6.1 Civil Society 8.4 Private Sector Comparisons of ratings for key performance indicators 6.5 between stakeholder groups show that respondents 7.1 Academia Effectiveness in helping from government institutions and academia have the Moldova achieve results* 7.1 7.0 Media highest ratings for the WBG work across all KPIs. In 7.9 contrast, media respondents had significantly lower 6.4 ratings. In addition, local government gave relatively 8.4 low effectiveness ratings. 7.4 8.0 Alignment with development 7.6 priorities* 7.2 8.2 6.6 8.3 7.0 8.7 Trust the WBG to do what is 6.8 *Significant right for Moldova* 6.9 difference between 8.0 stakeholder groups 6.5 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Q For question wording and scales, please see the previous slide. Mean Rating 12 Familiarity Leads to More Positive Perceptions Comparing ratings of key performance indicators among 8.6 respondents highly familiar with the WBG (ratings of 8- Influence* 7.5 10 on a 10-point scale) and those with little familiarity 6.4 with the WBG (ratings of 1-4 on a 10-point scale), one can see that the more familiar stakeholders are with the 8.6 WBG, the more positive perceptions they have of the Alignment* 7.6 WBG and its work. 6.2 8.6 Meaningful engagement and outreach can continue Relevance* 7.6 to increase positive perceptions. 6.1 8.4 Effectiveness in achieving results* 7.3 5.7 8.6 Trust* 7.4 5.3 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Mean Rating How familiar are you with the work of the WBG in Moldova? High Familiarity (8-10) Some Familiarity (5-7) Low Familiarity (1-4) The WBG currently plays a relevant role in development in Moldova. Scale: 1Strongly disagree – 10 Strongly agree *Significant difference between Q To what extent do you trust the WBG to do what is right? Scale: 1 To no degree at all – 10 To a very significant degree levels of familiarity The WBG has a positive influence on shaping development policy in Moldova? Scale: 1 To no degree at all – 10 To a very significant degree How effective has the WBG been in achieving development results in Moldova? Scale: 1 Not effective at all – 10 Very effective The WBG’s work is aligned with what I consider the development priorities for Moldova. Scale: 1 Strongly disagree – 10 Strongly agree 13 Moldova’s Key Performance Indicators are Notably Higher than those of Other IBRD Countries Posititve influence on shaping 7.9 development policy 6.8 7.9 Alignment with development priorities 7.2 Moldova FY24 7.9 Relevant role in development 7.1 Other IBRD FY23 Countries 7.7 Trust the WBG to do what is right 7.4 Effectiveness in helping to achieve 7.6 results 7.0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Mean Rating FY23 IBRD countries included: Albania, Algeria, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Egypt, Jamaica, Malaysia, Mongolia, Montenegro, North Macedonia, Q Romania, Serbia, South Africa, and Türkiye 14 Stakeholder Trends Across Performance Indicators Respondents from government institutions and academia had the highest mean rating across the aggregated responses to All Respondents 7.7 the nineteen COS indicator questions, whereas respondents from the media had significantly lower ratings. Governemnt Instituion 8.4 ▪ Collaboration with the WBG: Respondents who indicated that they collaborate with the WBG gave Academia 8.1 significantly higher ratings across the aggregated indicator questions compared to respondents who do not collaborate with the WBG: Civil Society 7.3 Mean rating: Collaborate with WBG = 8.2 Private Sector 7.2 Do not collaborate = 7.2 Local Government 7.1 Bilateral/Multilateral Agency 7.1 Media 6.3 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Mean Rating of Aggregated Indicator Questions Q All Indicator Questions asked on a Scale from 1 to 10. Click here for details of these Indicator Questions. 15 16 World Bank Group’s Support for Development Areas “Prioritize projects related to economic development, primarily infrastructure (transport, energy, digital, logistics, etc.). Streamline economic activity by simplifying and optimizing the regulatory framework.” (Government Institution Respondent) “…The WBG should direct its efforts and resources toward key areas that can promote sustainable development in Moldova, such as infrastructure, education, health, sustainable agriculture, and environmental protection. It is also important for the WBG to support initiatives that promote social inclusion…” (Civil Society Respondent) Q In your opinion, what is the most important thing the World Bank Group could do to increase its effectiveness in Moldova? (N=128) Development Areas Education 43% for WBG Focus Energy 37% Transport infrastructure 33% In FY24, education, energy, transport infrastructure, agriculture/ Agriculture / food security 32% food security, and jobs were the top areas where stakeholders would Jobs 31% like the WBG to focus its resources. Water / sanitation 29% ▪ In FY24, more respondents prioritized energy (from 9% in FY19 to Judiciary reform 28% 37% in FY24) and water/sanitation (from 6% in FY19 to 29% in Health / pandemic preparedness 28% FY24). Digital development 26% ▪ Transport infrastructure was a higher priority for Private sector development 22% bilateral/multilateral agencies and media (54% and 53%); Public sector governance 20% water/sanitation was of more priority to respondents from local Skills development 18% governments (54%). Social protection 18% Youth development 15% In your opinion, what is the most important thing the WBG could do to increase its effectiveness in Moldova? Climate change 15% “To prepare the way for the growth and expansion of the private Environment / natural resource management 15% sector. Support education and research. Contribute to the Urban development 14% development of the regions..” (Academia Respondent) Digital infrastructure development 13% “WB should be more persistent in energy-oriented projects, internal Tourism development 12% infrastructure (good roads, local companies to be monitored for a Disaster risk management 7% longer period.), social projects. .” (Civil Society Respondent) Gender equity 4% Debt management 4% Which areas should the WBG prioritize to have the most impact on development results in Moldova? (Select up to 5) 17 Q (Percentage of Respondents, N=233) Effectiveness of WBG’s Sectoral Support The WBG’s work in digital development, transport, and the energy/extractives sector received the highest effectiveness ratings. Respondents had significantly more Finance / Institutions / Economic Growth positive perceptions of the WBG’s support in transport. However, the perceptions of Macroeconomic stability 7.4 support in social inclusion declined compared to FY19. Debt sustainability 7.4 Human Development Private sector development 7.3 7.4 7.2 Gender equity 7.3 7.3 FY24 Regional integration 7.3 7.3 FY19 Education 7.4 Public sector governance 7.2 7.3 7.1 FY24 Health 7.2 7.1 FY19 Trade 7.0 7.0 Social protection 7.0 6.8 Job creation / employment 6.8 6.9 Social inclusion* 7.5 Infrastructure Environmental Sustainability 7.7 Digital development 7.6 7.1 Agriculture and food security 7.3 7.6 Transport* 7.1 Environment / natural resource 6.9 management 7.3 7.5 FY24 Energy / extractives 7.2 6.9 Climate change 7.1 FY19 7.4 FY24 Water supply and sanitation infrastructure 7.5 6.7 FY19 Disaster risk management 6.7 7.0 Urban development *Significant difference 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 between years 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Mean Rating of Effectiveness Mean Rating of Effectiveness How effective has the WBG been at achieving development results in each of these areas in Moldova? Scale: 1 Not effective at all – 10 Very effective Q (If you have NO exposure to/experience in working in any of the sectors listed below, please respond “Don’t know”) ^ compared with “Information and communications technology” in FY19 18 19 World Bank Group’s Work and Engagement on the Ground in Moldova “More effective and active collaboration with the business sector through regular meetings. Organizing more effective communication and transparency of projects and processes. Real analysis and mapping of Moldova's needs.” (Private Sector Respondent) “… one of the most important aspects would be to strengthen partnerships with the government and civil society in Moldova to develop solutions tailored to the country's specific needs.” (Civil Society Respondent) Q In your opinion, what is the most important thing the World Bank Group could do to increase its effectiveness in Moldova? (N=128) The WBG Increasingly Seen as Responsive and Flexible In FY24, respondents continued to see the WBG as a long- Being a long-term partner to 8.6 term partner to Moldova and perceived the WBG as Moldova 8.3 significantly more responsive and flexible than in FY19. ▪ Of note, respondents from media have significantly lower 7.9 perceptions of access to WBG staff and experts and Responsiveness to needs in openness (means = 6.8) compared to other stakeholder Moldova* 7.2 groups. 7.9 Openness (sharing data and other information) 7.6 In your opinion, what is the most important thing the WBG FY24 could do to increase its effectiveness in Moldova? “Its staff being more reachable, and the support provided closer FY19 7.8 to real local needs.” (Government Institution Respondent) Access to WBG staff and experts 7.4 “A quick response to the issues raised by project beneficiaries would be appreciated, as well as flexibility when making decisions.” (Government Institution Respondent) 7.6 Flexibility when circumstances “Working effectively with local experts, or at least engaging change in Moldova*^ 6.8 international experts who know the local framework.” (Civil Society Respondent) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Mean Rating To what extent is the WBG an effective development partner in Moldova, in terms of each of the following? Q Scale: 1 To no degree at all – 10 To a very significant degree 20 ^Compared to the mean of institutional flexibility and flexibility to changes in country context asked in FY19. The WBG Increasingly Seen as Effectively Collaborating with Stakeholders 8.4 National government* In FY24, respondents continue to see the WBG as collaborating 7.8 well with the government and other donors and development partners. Perceptions of collaboration with these stakeholder Other donors and development 8.2 groups have improved significantly. The WBG’s collaboration with partners* 7.7 civil society increased significantly as well. 8.0 Parliament / legislative branch ▪ Respondents from government institutions had the most positive views of the WBG’s collaboration (overall mean = 8.3). In contrast, respondents from the media and Civil society (e.g., NGOs, 7.4 bilateral/multilateral agencies gave significantly lower ratings CBOs)* 6.8 (overall mean = 6.3 and 6.7, respectively). FY24 7.2 Local government FY19 In your opinion, what is the most important thing the WBG could do to increase its effectiveness in Moldova? 7.2 “More effective and active collaboration with the business sector Academia / research centers through regular meetings. Organizing more effective communication and transparency of projects and processes. Real analysis and mapping of Moldova's needs.” 7.1 Private sector (Private Sector Respondent) 6.7 “Marketing and briefing stakeholders on opportunities for 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Mean Rating collaboration with the WBG.” (Local Government Respondent) To what extent is the WBG an effective development partner in Moldova, in terms of collaborating with the following groups? Q Scale: 1 To no degree at all – 10 To a very significant degree 21 Nearly Half of All Stakeholders Want the Bank to Collaborate More with Local Government • Respondents from civil society would like the WBG to Local government 51% collaborate more with civil society (71%) and local government (37%). • Respondents from the private sector would like the Private sector 43% WBG to collaborate more with the private sector (78%) and local government (39%). Academia / research centers 28% • Respondents from academia would like the WBG to collaborate more with academia (76%) and local government (42%). Other donors and development 25% partners In your opinion, what is the most important thing the WBG could do to increase its effectiveness in Moldova? Civil society (e.g., NGOs, CBOs) 24% “Closer collaboration and transparency with all government institutions, civil society, and the private sector.” (Civil Society Respondent) Parliament 16% “Collaborate more closely with civil society and academia to gain a better understanding of the local context and areas for improvement.” (Academia Respondent) In addition to its partnership with the national government, which of the following should the WBG collaborate Q with more to have a greater impact in Moldova? (Select up to 2) (Percentage of Respondents, N=227) 22 23 Financial Instruments and Knowledge Work “Granting financial resources based on performance indicators in different areas. Financial resources should be provided if certain requirements are met.” (Government Institution Respondent) “More analytical and financial support for the development of the following sectors: education, skills development in the public sector, health.” (Academia Respondent) Q In your opinion, what is the most important thing the World Bank Group could do to increase its effectiveness in Moldova? (N=128) Financial Resources and Technical Assistance Considered the Bank’s Greatest Values In FY24, financial resources, technical assistance, Financial resources 69% and implementation support were considered the WBG’s greatest values to Moldova. Technical assistance and 54% Donor coordination was highly valued by respondents implementation support from the media (37%). Knowledge and analytical 17% products In your opinion, what is the most important thing the WBG Capacity development and 16% could do to increase its effectiveness in Moldova? training “Funding of investment projects for energy infrastructure development and more. Provide technical assistance (experts, Mobilizing third party financial preparation of studies). Organizing training, facilitating 16% resources exchanges of experience with different countries, etc.” (Government Institution Respondent) “Technical assistance to the government for implementation of Donor coordination 11% social reforms. Subgrants to NGOs for improving access of vulnerable groups of the population to social care services.” (Civil Society Respondent) Convening / bringing together 6% different groups of stakeholders Which WBG instruments do you VALUE the most in Moldova? (Select up to 2) Q (Percentage of Respondents, N=232) 24 WBG is Seen as Insisting on Accountability Through its Lending and Effectively Monitoring and Evaluating Projects Regarding the WBG’s financial instruments, respondents had the highest levels of agreement that the WBG insists on accountability The WBG insists on accountability 8.3 through its lending and effectively monitors and evaluates the through its lending projects it supports in Moldova. The WBG effectively monitors and 8.2 Perceptions of the WBG’s financial instruments meeting evaluates the projects it supports country needs have significantly improved compared to FY19. in Moldova 8.0 Respondents from government institutions had the most The WBG provides financial 8.2 positive views about WBG’s financial instruments (mean = 8.6 support in a timely manner^ 7.8 across all six questions). At the same time, media respondents had significantly more critical views (mean = 6.6 across all six 7.9 FY24 questions). The WBG’s financial instruments meet the needs of Moldova* 7.3 FY19 In your opinion, what is the most important thing the WBG could do to increase its effectiveness in Moldova? The WBG’s Environmental and 7.9 Social Framework requirements “Increased efficiency and optimization of resources: are reasonable 8.0 Simplify internal procedures: Reduce internal bureaucracy and simplify procedures to facilitate fast and efficient project The conditions of the WBG’s implementation. Strategic use of financial resources: Ensure efficient 7.7 financing are competitive and transparent use of financial resources, with a focus on achieving compared to markets maximum results at minimum cost. Promoting transparency and accountability: Ensure transparency in decision-making and 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 accountability for results.” (Local Government Respondent) Mean Rating To what extent do you agree/disagree with the following statements? Scale: 1 Strongly disagree – 10 Strongly agree. Q ^ Compared to “The World Bank Group disburses funds promptly” asked in FY19. 25 44% of Respondents Have Used the WBG’s Knowledge; Those Who Have Were Satisfied With its Quality The WBG brings global expertise to 8.6 Moldova as part of its knowledge work* 8.0 Have you ever used the WBG’s knowledge work, including participating in workshops, study tours, or training programs? 8.5 Working with the WBG increases Moldova’s institutional capacity * 7.8 Have you used WBG 8.4 I am satisfied with the quality of the WBG’s advisory knowledge work in Moldova* services and 7.2 Yes analytics in 44% the past? No 56% 8.3 The WBG’s knowledge work is tailored to Moldova’s context* Yes 7.4 No When I need to consult the WBG’s 8.0 knowledge work, I know how to find it 7.5 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Mean Rating Have you ever used the WBG’s knowledge work, including participating in workshops, study Q tours, or training programs? (Percentage of Respondents, N=226) *Significant difference between groups To what extent do you agree/disagree with the following statements? 26 Scale: 1 Strongly disagree – 10 Strongly agree WBG Knowledge Work is Perceived as Bringing Global Expertise Ratings for WBG’s knowledge products remain stable 8.4 The WBG brings global expertise to Moldova and high. Respondents had the highest levels of as part of its knowledge work 8.2 agreement that the WBG brings global expertise to Moldova as part of its knowledge work and with the statement that working with the WBG increases Working with the WBG increases Moldova’s 8.2 Moldova’s institutional capacity. institutional capacity 8.1 ▪ Respondents from the media and bilateral/ I am satisfied with the quality of the WBG’s 8.1 multilateral agencies were significantly less likely to knowledge work in Moldova agree with the statement that they know how to find FY24 the WBG’s knowledge work (means = 5.6 and 6.2, respectively). The WBG’s knowledge work is tailored to 7.9 FY19 Moldova’s context ▪ As with other aspects of the WBG work in Moldova, respondents from the media had the lowest overall ratings for the WBG’s knowledge work (mean across When I need to consult the WBG’s 7.8 knowledge work, I know how to find it all six questions = 6.2) Knowledge work contribution to development 7.6 results 7.6 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 To what extent do you agree/disagree with the following statements? Scale: 1 Strongly disagree – 10 Strongly agree Mean Rating Q How significant a contribution do you believe the World Bank Group's knowledge work and activities make to development results in Moldova? Scale: 1 Not significant at all – 10 Very significant ^Compared to "Are source of relevant information on global good practices" and “Are adaptable to Moldova’s specific 27 development challenges and country circumstances”, respectively, asked in FY19. 28 The Future Role of the World Bank Group in Moldova How can the WBG increase its effectiveness? Open Ended Responses Collaborate w/ local stakeholders, monitor projects, engage in policy dialogue, greater dissemination of work • Public sector governance, modernization, and anti-corruption Engagement • Active collaboration with civil society, academia Focus Area • Economic growth and private sector development • More active collaboration with local public 32%* • Support in conversation with EU standards 17% administrations (LPAs) (both policy and production of competitive goods) • Active involvement of local experts Engagement, • Climate change, energy 17% • Infrastructure • Digitalization Focus Area, 32% Operational • Direct engagement at the local level Communication • Streamline procedures and reduced time Operational Effectiveness • Implementation support 7% • Engage with the media to promote Effectiveness, WBG’s results across audiences 16% 16% • Results-based financing • Analysis of local context, adaptation of • Proactive engagement with stakeholders solutions to Moldova’s context outside the government • Increasing the Bank’s visibility in Moldova Communication, Knowledge, 7% 12% Financial • Performance-based financial support Financial Knowledge • More capacity building and technical • Financial Support on favorable and assistance Support Support, 7% Results, 12% competitive terms 9% • Share experiences of other countries from 7% the region • Rely more on local expertise Results • Supervision of project/policy implementation and M&E • Communication of results 8% In your opinion, what is the most important thing the World Bank Group could do to increase its effectiveness in Moldova? (N=128) Q *All percentages are counted based on the total number of topics mentioned by the respondents; individual comments could be counted multiple times depending on the number of topics they cover. 29 Demands for the WBG to be more collaborative, engage in policy development, communicate more, and disseminate knowledge and results Focus Areas Communication “The most important thing the WBG could do to increase its effectiveness in Moldova would “Be better informed by using different sources. More communication with people who be to further finance agriculture, engage in the improvement of infrastructure, contribute to are outside the government, but who are competent, critical thinkers. Remove interest mitigating the impact of climate change, and sponsor various initiatives in the field of groups that often gain the trust of external stakeholders through dishonest means.” education and support the digital development of Moldova.” (Private Sector Respondent) (Media Respondent) “(1) Support institutional reforms - focus on improving governance, fighting corruption, “Greater visibility of activities and support in the media and proactive cooperation with restructuring the banking sector and increasing transparency. public universities in Moldova, forming local analytical laboratories with the inclusion of young researchers and local expertise.” (Academia respondent) (2) Focus on infrastructure and technology development - investment in essential infrastructure, including transport, energy, and information technology. “Communicate more actively about the work behind the final results. Communicating with the press through press releases and offline.” (Media Respondent) (3)Climate change adaptation and sustainability - it is crucial to support Moldova's transition to a greener and sustainable economy by implementing renewable energy and “Targeted communication on interest groups.” (Government Institution Respondent) energy efficiency projects. …” (Civil Society Respondent) Knowledge “Objective evaluation of economic data, and the local situation in the economy, private sector. Use of reputable sources of information, not those presented by the local authorities in some aspects.” (Private Sector Respondent) “A detailed analysis of the situation in the country is needed, taking into account differences in local mindset.” (Academia Respondent) “Support the development of institutional capacity to address societal challenges, including health, climate change resilienc e, and education in health.” (Government Institution Respondent) “- Enhance the knowledge work of the WBG; - Ensure access and transparency to the WGB achievements in the Republic of Moldova; - Focusing on encouraging and supporting of knowledge sharing, exchange of best practice.” (Government Institution Respondent) Q In your opinion, what is the most important thing the WBG could do to increase its effectiveness in Moldova? (N=128) 30 Demands for the WBG to build capacity, offer more financial support, and supervise results Operational Effectiveness Engagement “A quick response to the issues raised by project beneficiaries would be appreciated, “1. Holding WBG beneficiaries accountable for making their projects and results more as well as flexibility when making decisions.” (Government respondent) transparent. 2. Anchor the results in the existing ecosystem/infrastructure and ensure the sustainability of the projects. 3. Ex-post evaluation of projects. Involving other interested “Increased efficiency and optimization of resources: Simplify internal procedures: parties (citizens) in project evaluation. 4. Investment in building capacity in state institutions and keeping qualified staff - not just focusing and training experts to execute certain works. Reduce internal bureaucracy and simplify procedures to facilitate fast and efficient 5. More intensive training of academia. Attract a wider range of beneficiaries.” project implementation. Strategic use of financial resources: Ensure efficient and transparent use of financial resources, with a focus on achieving maximum results at (Academia Respondent) minimum cost. Promoting transparency and accountability: Ensure transparency in “More effective and active collaboration with the business sector through regular meetings. decision-making and accountability for results. ” (Local government respondent) Organizing more effective communication and transparency of projects and processes. Real analysis and mapping of Moldova's needs.” (Private Sector Respondent) “To take into account the characteristics of economic processes in a country that has no independent experience in state management. Take into account the mentality of “Open collaboration with local authorities through LPAs representative organizations, and the people formed by authoritarian dictatorship.” (Media Respondent) economic and social sector Associations.” (Local Government Respondent) Results Financial Support “To develop more robust capital investment appraisal policies, both locally and nationally. “More analytical and financial support for the development of the following sectors: Every investment needs to be evaluated and reported back to the public.” (Civil Society education, skills development in the public sector, health.” (Academia Respondent) Respondent) “Granting financial resources based on performance indicators in different areas. “To be more demanding towards the central power and to take into account the criticisms of Financial resources should be provided if certain requirements are met.” the opposition and (independent) civil society.” (Media Respondent) (Government Institution Respondent) “To be transparent in relation to the private sector, to have access to information on the “Providing financial and logistical support.” (Local Government Respondent) implemented projects.” (Private Sector Respondent) Q In your opinion, what is the most important thing the WBG could do to increase its effectiveness in Moldova? (N=128) 31 32 Communications and Outreach “…There is also a lack of dissemination of information to the general public, which leads to a lack of awareness in society of the Bank's efforts and their results for Moldovan citizens.” (Government Institution Respondent) “[The WBG should] be proactive in establishing partnerships with media outlets.” (Media Respondent) Q In your opinion, what is the most important thing the World Bank Group could do to increase its effectiveness in Moldova? (N=128) Events, e-Newsletters, and Direct Contact were Most Preferred for Receiving WBG Communication Preferred WBG Channel All Governemnt Local Bilateral/Multil Civil Society Private Sector Academia Media Respondents Instituion Government ateral Agency Event / conference / seminar / 63.1% 65.9% 60.0% 30.8% 72.7% 55.6% 78.8% 38.9% workshop (in person or online)* e-Newsletters 47.1% 44.7% 48.0% 53.8% 39.4% 55.6% 48.5% 55.6% Direct contact with staff (e.g., in 42.2% 49.4% 44.0% 61.5% 42.4% 27.8% 24.2% 38.9% person, virtually, phone, email) Social media (e.g., Facebook, 16.0% 11.8% 12.0% 7.7% 24.2% 16.7% 15.2% 33.3% Twitter) Direct messaging (e.g., 14.7% 14.1% 16.0% 7.7% 12.1% 16.7% 15.2% 22.2% WhatsApp, Telegram, Viber) How would you prefer to receive communication from the WBG? (Select up to 2) Q (Percentage of Respondents, N=225) * Significant difference between stakeholder groups 33 7 in 10 Engaged With the WBG Recently, Most Often Through WBG’s Events and Social Media 65% of respondents recalled hearing or seeing something about the WBG recently. Respondents most often reported seeing/hearing about the WBG through events/conferences/seminars (in person or online) or on social media. Event / conference / seminar 52% Social media 46% Newspapers (print or online) 42% No 35% Do you recall Direct contact with WBG staff 41% seeing or hearing anything about Television (TV) 36% the WBG recently? WBG websites 36% Yes 65% e-Newsletters 21% Radio 16% Direct messaging 9% Blogs 7% Other 5% Podcasts 5% Do you recall seeing or hearing anything about the WBG recently? (N=225) Q Where do you recall seeing or hearing this information? (Check all that apply) (Percentage of Respondents, N=147) 34 WBG Work on Economic Forecasts, Climate Change, Poverty, and Digital Economy were the Most Commonly Recalled Topics Respondents most frequently recalled WBG work or research WBG economic forecasts 50% on economic forecasts, climate change, ending poverty, Climate change 39% and the digital economy. Ending poverty in developing 36% countries ▪ Respondents from government institutions, media, and academia were significantly more likely to recall WBG’s Digital economy 35% work on the digital economy (44%) compared to Job creation / employment 27% respondents from other stakeholder groups. ▪ Respondents from academia were the most likely to recall Women empowerment 24% WBG work on youth development (39%). Pandemic preparedness 22% Debt relief for developing 20% countries Food security 19% Youth development 18% Changes to the WBG financial 15% and operational model Human capital 15% If you answered “Yes” for E2, what topics were included in what you saw or heard about WBG’s work or research? Q (Select all that apply) (Percentage of Respondents, N=147) 35 Climate Change Communications can be More Impactful when Related to Stakeholders’ Top Concerns: Droughts and Water Availability A majority of respondents were very concerned about more frequent and severe droughts and water availability as potential impacts of climate change in Moldova. Air pollution and land and forest degradation were also of great concern to respondents. These key areas of concern should be considered to make communications about climate change more impactful. Very concerned Somewhat concerned A little concerned Not concerned at all More frequent and severe droughts 74% Decreased water availability / quality 73% Air pollution 68% Land and forest degradation 67% Decreased crop yields / increased food insecurity 61% More frequent and severe heatwaves 60% Loss of jobs 59% More frequent and intense wild fires 49% More frequent and severe floods 43% Extinction of plant / animal species 39% Climate-driven migration 37% Increased erosion of shoreline 31% Coastal flooding due to sea level rise 26% Q How concerned are you about the following potential impacts of climate change in Moldova? (Percentage of Respondents, N=~214) 36 37 Sample Demographics and Detailed Methodology Sample Demographics Currently, do you Which of the World Bank (IBRD) 96% professionally following agencies collaborate/work of the WBG do with the WBG in you primarily International Finance Corporation (IFC) 21% Moldova? (N=235) collaborate/work No Yes with in Moldova? 51% 49% (N=116) Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency 3% (MIGA) International Centre for Settlement of Investment 3% Disputes (ICSID) What’s your age? Which best represents your geographic (N=225) 25 or younger 2% location? (N=223) 26-35 15% Chisinau 69% 36-45 34% Central part of 13% Moldova 46-55 25% Northern part of 10% Moldova Southern part of 56 and above 22% 5% Moldova Prefer not to Rural area 3% 3% specify 38 Detailed Methodology From December 2023 to March 2024, a total of 841 stakeholders of the WBG in Moldova were invited to provide their opinions about the WBG’s work in the country by participating in a Percentage of Respondents FY 2019 FY 2024 COS. A list of potential participants was compiled by the WBG country team and the fielding Government Principals: Office of the agency. Participants were drawn from the Office of the President, Prime Minister, or a President, Prime Minister, Minister, 11% 3% Parliamentarian Minister; the office of a parliamentarian; government institutions; local governments; bilateral/ multilateral agencies; the private sector; civil society organizations; academia; and the media. Government Institutions: Employee of a Ministry, Department, Project Implementation A total of 235 stakeholders participated in the survey (28% response rate). Respondents 23% 33% Unit, Independent Government Institution, completed the questionnaire on paper or via an online platform. Judiciary, State-Owned Enterprise This year’s survey results were compared to the FY19 Survey, with a response rate of Local Government 11% 11% 43% (N=204). Bilateral/Multilateral Agency: Embassy, Development Organization, Development 7% 6% Comparing responses across Country Surveys reflects changes in attitudes over time and Bank, UN Agency changes in respondent samples, methodology, and the survey instrument itself. To reduce the influence of the latter factor, only questions with similar response scales/options were Civil Society Organization: Local and regional NGOs, Community-Based analyzed. This year’s survey saw an increased outreach to and/or response from government Organization, Private Foundation, 20% 16% institutions and academia but a decrease from government principals, civil society, and the Professional/Trade Association, private sector. These differences in stakeholder composition between the two years should be Faith-Based Group, Youth Group considered when interpreting the results of the past-year comparison analyses. Private Sector: Private Company, Financial Sector Organization, Private Bank, Small, 17% 8% Key statistically significant findings (tested at the research standard of p < .05) are noted Micro & Medium Enterprise throughout the report. Academia/Research Institute/Think Tank 6% 15% Breakdowns for individual questions by stakeholder group can be found in the “Moldova COS FY24 Appendices with data breakdowns.xlsx” file published in the WBG Microdata Media 7% 8% Library, along with the survey microdata and this report. Total Number of Respondents 199 235 Q Which of the following best describes your current affiliation? (Select only 1 response)? 39 Indicator Questions Every country that engages in the Country Opinion Survey (COS) must include specific indicator questions, several of which are aggregated for the World Bank Group’s annual Corporate Scorecard and are highlighted in red below. A1_5. How much do you trust each of the following institutions to do what is right for Moldova? Scale: 1 Not at all – 10 Very much A2. How effective is the World Bank Group (WBG) in helping Moldova achieve development results? Scale: 1 Not effective at all – 10 Very effective A3. How significant a contribution do you believe the World Bank Group's knowledge work makes to development results in Moldova? Scale: 1 Not significant at all – 10 Very significant To what extent do you agree/disagree with the following statements about the WBG’s work in Moldova? Scale: 1 Strongly disagree – 10 Strongly agree A4. The World Bank Group currently plays a relevant role in development in Moldova. A5. The World Bank Group’s work is aligned with what I consider the development priorities for Moldova. A6. The WBG has a positive influence on shaping development policy in Moldova A7. The WBG’s work helps end poverty and reduce inequality in Moldova. To what extent is the World Bank Group an effective development partner in Moldova, in terms of each of the following? Scale: 1 To no degree at all – 10 To a very significant degree C1_1. Responsiveness to needs C1_2. Access to WBG staff and experts C1_3. Flexibility when circumstances change C1_5. Being a long-term partner to Moldova To what extent is the WBG an effective development partner in Moldova, in terms of collaborating with the following groups?: Scale: 1 To no degree at all – 10 To a very significant degree C2_1. Collaboration with the National government C2_4. Collaboration with the private sector C2_5. Collaboration with civil society C2_6. Collaboration with other donor and development partners To what extent do you agree/disagree with the following statements? Scale: 1 Strongly disagree – 10 Strongly agree C4_1. The WBG’s financial instruments meet the needs of Moldova (i.e., investment lending, Development Policy Loan, Trust Funds, Program-for-Results). C4_6. The WBG provides financial support in a timely manner C6_1. I am satisfied with the quality of the WBG’s knowledge work in Moldova. C6_4. The WBG’s knowledge work is tailored to Moldova’s context. 40 Thank you For more information about this report or the Country Opinion Survey program, please contact: countrysurveys@worldbankgroup.org