FY 2024 Somalia Country Opinion Survey Report ECR Business Intelligence Team | May 2024 Acknowledgements The Somalia Country Opinion Survey is part of the County Opinion Survey Program series of the World Bank Group. This report was prepared by the Business Intelligence (BI) team, led by José De Buerba (Senior External Affairs Officer) and Svetlana Markova (Senior External Affairs Officer). Yulia Danilina, Jessica Cameron, Nan Lin, and Sofya Gubaydullina oversaw the design, reporting, and analysis of the survey results. Noreen Wambui and Irina Popova provided data support. BI acknowledges the significant contribution from the Somalia country team and independent fielding agency, Abyrint AS. In particular, BI is grateful for the support from Shamis Salah Musingo (Operations Officer), Kalton Mohamed Hassan (Country Officer), Christine Khasiro Wesakania (Assistant), Eugenia Nafula Konya (Executive Assistant), Misky Ahmed Gass (Assistant), and Fatuma Hirsi (Consultant) who coordinated the survey-related activities from Nairobi, Kenya. Contents Objectives Methodology Overview Overall Context Overall Attitudes Toward the World Bank Group World Bank Group’s Support in Development Areas World Bank Group’s Engagement on the Ground in Somalia World Bank Group’s Financial Instruments and Knowledge Work Communication and Outreach Demographics of the Sample and Detailed Methodology 3 Objectives This survey was designed to assist the World Bank Group (WBG) in gaining a better understanding of how stakeholders in Somalia perceive the WBG. The survey explored the following questions: 1. Overall Context: How do stakeholders perceive the country’s direction? How familiar are they with the WBG? How much do they trust the WBG? 2. Key Indicators: What opinion do key stakeholders have of the WBG when it comes to its effectiveness, relevance, alignment with Somalia’s development priorities, and other key indicators? Are opinions improving or declining? 3. Development Priorities: What areas of development are perceived to be the most important? Have the priorities changed over the past three years? How effective is the WBG perceived to be in these areas? 4. Engagement on the Ground: How is the WBG perceived as a development partner in Somalia? Are opinions improving or declining? 5. Financial Instruments and Knowledge Work: What do key stakeholder value the most when it comes to the WBG’s work in Somalia? What opinion do key stakeholders have of WBG financial instruments and knowledge products? Are opinions improving or declining? What are stakeholders’ suggestions to improve WBG’s effectiveness? 6. Communication and Outreach: What are the preferred communication channels? Are there differences among stakeholder groups in terms of preferred channels? 7. Message Recall: What key topics that the WBG communicates do stakeholders recall? Is there a relationship between message recall and views of the WBG’s work? 4 Methodology Overview Government Institution 36% ▪ Fielded September 2023 – November 2023 ▪ 220 potential participants were asked to complete a mostly Civil Society Organization 27% quantitative survey ▪ Respondents completed the questionnaire online Bilateral / Multilateral Agency 9% ▪ List of names provided by the WBG country team and supplemented by the fielding agency Office of the President / Prime ▪ Process managed on the ground by the fielding agency Minister / Minister 7% ▪ 94 participants (43% response rate) Local Government Office or Staff 6% ▪ 50% from Banaadir ▪ 52% currently collaborate with the WBG Private Sector 6% ▪ Compared to FY21 Country Survey Academia / Research Institute / Think Tank 4% ▪ 164 participants (82% response rate) Office of a Parliamentarian ▪ Respondents completed the questionnaire online (National Assembly, Legislative 2% body) ▪ 45% collaborated with the WBG Media 2% Click here for details of the Respondent Sample and Methodology. Which of the following best describes your current affiliation? Q (Select only 1 response) (Percentage of Respondents, N=94) 5 6 Overall Context Respondents in Somalia are Positive About the Country’s Direction Respondents in this year’s Country Survey remained rather FY21 FY24 positive about their country’s direction: over two-thirds felt that Somalia was headed in the right direction (73%). Just 12% said that the country was on the wrong track. ▪ Respondents from government organizations were significantly more likely to indicate that Somalia was The right direction headed in the right direction (92%) than non- 73% government respondents (56%). 84% The wrong direction Not sure 12% 6% 15% 10% 7 Q In general, would you say that Somalia is headed in ... ? (Percentage of Respondents, FY24 N=94; FY21 N=162) Increased Familiarity with the World Bank Group ▪ Year comparison: Respondents in this year’s Country Survey reported significantly higher levels of familiarity with All Respondents 7.4 the World Bank compared to respondents in the FY21 Survey: Mean familiarity: FY24 = 7.4 FY21 = 5.7 Government Institutions 8.6 ▪ Collaboration with the WBG: Respondents who indicated that they collaborate with the WBG reported significantly higher levels of familiarity with the institution’s work: Non-government 6.0 Organizations Mean familiarity: Collaborate with WBG = 8.3 Do not collaborate = 6.3 1.00 2.00 3.00 4.00 5.00 6.00 7.00 8.00 9.00 10.00 Mean Rating of Familiarity ▪ Stakeholders: Respondents from government institutions indicated significantly higher levels of familiarity with the Government institutions included respondents from the Office of the Prime Minister, Minister, government Institutions, and local government. WBG compared to respondents from non-government Non-government organizations included respondents from civil society organizations. organizations, the private sector, academia / research centers, and the media. How familiar are you with the work of the World Bank Group in Somalia? 8 Q Scale: 1 Not familiar at all – 10 Extremely familiar (N=94) Significantly different between stakeholder groups The WBG is the Most Trusted The World Bank Group 7.2 6.7 Institution in Somalia Private sector* 5.7 7.0 6.8 Respondents in Somalia gave the highest ratings of trust Somalia’s Central Bank 6.2 for the World Bank Group, the private sector, and 6.6 Somalia’s Central Bank. Ratings of trust in the private sector Federal Government 5.9 and civil society were significantly higher in FY24 compared to 6.5 Civil society* the FY21 survey. 5.6 Academia/think tanks/research 6.4 Media, Parliament/legislative branch, local government, institutions and Government (Somaliland) were among the least trusted The International Monetary Fund 6.4 institutions according to respondents this year. 6.2 6.1 ▪ Of note, respondents from government institutions Bilateral organizations 6.3 FY24 reported significantly higher ratings of trust in the WBG FY21 The United Nations (UN) 5.7 (mean = 7.8) than respondents from non-government 6.0 organizations (mean = 6.3). Regional development banks 5.6 5.7 Federal Member State 5.6 5.1 Media 5.5 5.7 Parliament/legislative branch 5.5 Local government 5.4 Government (Somaliland) 4.6 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 How much do you trust each of the following institutions to do what is right for Somalia? Mean Rating of Trust Q Scale: 1 Not at all – 10 Very much (FY24 N=~78; FY21 N=~79) *Significantly different between years 9 10 Overall Attitudes toward the World Bank Group WBG’s Relevance and Influence Significantly Improved In FY24, respondents gave high ratings for the WBG’s 7.4 relevance to development in Somalia and its influence on Relevant role in development* shaping the development agenda in the country. The ratings 6.7 for WBG’s effectiveness in helping Somalia achieve development results and alignment with the country’s Influence the development 7.3 development priorities remained positive and slightly improved compared to FY21. agenda* 6.1 Although the ratings were relatively lower, respondents still expressed modest to positive views about the World Bank Effectiveness in helping Somalia 6.8 to achieve results^ FY24 Group’s work helping end extreme poverty in Somalia. 6.4 FY21 Alignment with development 6.6 priorities 6.4 Helps end extreme poverty in 6.3 Somalia 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 The WBG currently plays a relevant role in development in Somalia. Scale: 1 Strongly disagree – 10 Strongly agree Q To what extent does the World Bank Group influence the development agenda in Somalia? Scale: 1 To no degree at all – 10 To a very significant Mean Rating degree How effective is the WBG in helping Somalia achieve development results? Scale: 1 Not effective at all – 10 Very effective *Significantly different ^Compared to a mean score of the two questions asked in FY21: "Overall, please rate your impression of the WBG’s effectivenes s in Somalia. between years Scale: 1 Not effective at all – 10 Very effective; To what extent does the WBG’s work help to achieve development results in Som alia? Scale: 1 To no degree at all – 10 To a very significant degree The WBG’s work is aligned with what I consider the development priorities for Somalia. Scale: 1 Strongly disagree – 10 Strongly agree 11 The WBG’s work helps end extreme poverty in Somalia. Scale: 1 Strongly disagree – 10 Strongly agree Stakeholders from Government Have More Positive Trust the WBG to do what 7.8 Perceptions of WBG is right for Somalia* 6.3 Comparisons of ratings for key performance 7.7 indicators between stakeholder groups show Relevant role in that respondents from government development 6.8 institutions gave higher ratings across all Government KPIs, while respondents from non- Organizations government organizations had lower 7.6 ratings. This difference was significant in trust Influence the development agenda Non- and effectiveness ratings. 6.9 government Organizations 7.3 Effectiveness in helping Somalia achieve results* 6.1 How much do you trust the WBG to do what is right for Q Somalia? Scale: 1 Not at all – 10 Very much The WBG currently plays a relevant role in development in Somalia. Scale: 1 Strongly disagree – 10 Strongly agree 6.7 *Significantly Alignment with different between To what extent does the World Bank Group influence the development priorities stakeholder groups development agenda in Somalia? Scale: 1 To no degree at 6.3 all– 10 To a very significant degree How effective is the WBG in helping Somalia achieve development results? Scale: 1 Not effective at all – 10 Very 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 effective Mean Rating The WBG’s work is aligned with what I consider the development priorities for Somalia. Scale: 1 Strongly disagree – 10 Strongly agree 12 Familiarity Leads to More Positive Perceptions Trust the WBG to do what 6.7 8.2 is right for Somalia* 3.9 Comparing ratings of key performance indicators among respondents highly familiar with the WBG 8.1 Relevant role in development* 7.4 (ratings of 8-10 on a 10-point scale) and those with 4.5 little familiarity with the WBG (ratings of 1-4 on a 10- point scale), one can see that the more familiar 7.7 stakeholders are with the WBG, the more positive Influence the development 6.9 perceptions they have of the WBG and its work. agenda* 5.9 Meaningful engagement and outreach can 7.4 Effectiveness in helping Somalia continue to increase positive perceptions. 6.5 to achieve results* 4.4 7.0 Alignment with development 6.7 priorities* 4.7 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Mean Rating How familiar are you with the work of the WBG in Somalia? High Familiarity (8-10) Some Familiarity (5-7) Low Familiarity (1-4) *Significantly different between levels of familiarity How much do you trust the WBG to do what is right for Somalia? Scale: 1 Not at all – 10 Very much Q The WBG currently plays a relevant role in development in Somalia. Scale: 1 Strongly disagree – 10 Strongly agree To what extent does the World Bank Group influence the development agenda in Somalia? Scale: 1 To no degree at all – 10 To a very significant degree How effective is the WBG in helping Somalia achieve development results? Scale: 1 Not effective at all – 10 Very effective The WBG’s work is aligned with what I consider the development priorities for Somalia. Scale: 1 Strongly disagree – 10 Strongly agree 13 Ratings for WBG’s Relevance and Influence in Somalia are Higher than in other Eastern and Southern Africa and other IDA Countries 7.4 Relevant role in development 7.3 7.1 7.3 Influence the development agenda 7.2 Somalia FY24 6.9 7.2 Trust the WBG to do what is right 7.5 Other Eastern and Southern 7.0 Africa FY23 6.8 Effectiveness in helping to achieve Other IDA FY23 7.1 results 6.7 6.6 Alignment with development priorities 6.8 6.7 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Mean Rating Countries in the Eastern and Southern Africa region surveyed in FY23 included: Kenya, São Tomé and Príncipe, South Africa, Tanzania, and Zimbabwe 14 Q IDA countries surveyed in FY23: Central African Republic, Djibouti, Ghana, Guinea, Honduras, Kyrgyz Republic, Mali, Nepal, São Tomé and Príncipe, Tanzania, and The Gambia Aggregated Performance Indicators Respondents from government organizations had the highest mean rating across the aggregated responses to the nineteen COS indicator questions whereas respondents from non-government organizations had All Respondents 6.4 significantly lower ratings. ▪ Collaboration with the WBG: Respondents who indicated that they collaborated with the WBG tended to give higher ratings across the aggregated indicator Government Institutions* 6.8 questions compared to respondents who did not collaborate with the WBG; however, the difference was not statistically significant: Mean rating: Collaborate with WBG = 6.4 Non-government Organizations 5.9 Do not collaborate = 5.8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Mean Rating of Aggregated Indicator Questions *Significantly different between stakeholder groups Q All Indicator Questions asked on a Scale from 1 to 10. Click here for details of these Indicator Questions. 15 16 World Bank Group’s Support in Development Areas Development Areas Education 51% for WBG Focus Agriculture and food security Public sector governance 41% 47% In FY24, education, agriculture and food security, Job creation / employment 38% public sector governance, and job creation were FY21 (7%) Health 33% the top areas where stakeholders would like the WBG FY21 (5%) Climate change 30% to focus its resources. FY21 (6%) Macroeconomic stability 25% While the top areas were similar to the FY21 findings, Water supply and sanitation infrastructure 24% health, climate change, and water supply and Urban development 21% sanitation infrastructure were of much greater Energy / Extractives 20% priority in FY24, identified by four to five times as many respondents compared to FY21. Private sector development 18% Transport 16% ▪ Of note, energy / extractives were of a much higher priority to respondents from government Environment / Natural resource management 15% organizations (31%) compared to non-government Debt sustainability 13% respondents (3%) who were more likely to select Social protection 13% social inclusion among their priorities (22%). Trade 12% Social Inclusion 12% Regional integration 11% Disaster risk management 9% Digital development 8% Gender equity 8% Crime and violence 5% Other 4% Which areas should the WBG prioritize to have the most impact on development results in Somalia? 17 Q (Select up to 5) (Percentage of Respondents, N=91) Effectiveness of WBG’s Support in Sectoral Areas The WBG’s work on debt sustainability and public sector governance received the highest ratings of effectiveness. Of note, respondents from government Finance / Institutions / Economic Growth institutions had significantly higher mean ratings in these two sectoral areas 6.5 Debt sustainability compared to respondents from non-government organizations. Public sector governance 6.2 6.8 Human Development Macroeconomic stability 4.9 5.5 Job creation / employment 5.3 Health 5.7 5.6 FY24 6.1 Private sector development 5.0 FY21 5.7 5.8 Social protection 5.9 Regional integration* 4.9 5.6 FY24 6.3 Gender equity 5.9 FY21 Trade 4.5 5.2 Education 5.4 6.0 Crime and violence 4.3 4.7 Social Inclusion 5.3 5.3 Infrastructure Environmental Sustainability 5.4 Urban development 6.1 5.5 Agriculture and food security 5.8 5.4 Energy / Extractives 5.9 Environment / Natural resource 5.4 management 5.0 5.0 FY24 Water supply and sanitation infrastructure 5.8 5.2 Disaster risk management 5.4 FY21 4.9 FY24 Transport 5.1 4.7 Climate change 4.9 *Significantly different FY21 between years 4.8 Digital Development^ 5.6 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Mean Rating of Effectiveness 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Mean Rating of Effectiveness How effective has the WBG been at achieving development results in each of these areas in Somalia? Scale: 1 Not effective at all – 10 Very effective Q (If you have NO exposure to/experience in working in any of the sectors listed below, please respond “Don’t know”) 18 ^ compared with “Information and communications technology” in FY21 19 World Bank Group’s Engagement on the Ground in Somalia The WBG is Consistently Seen as a Long-term Partner In FY24, respondents perceived the WBG as a long-term partner in Somalia; however, ratings for responsiveness to 7.4 needs, staff accessibility, and flexibility remain moderate. Being a long-term partner 6.9 Respondents from government institutions tended to be more positive compared to non-government respondents. 5.9 Responsiveness to needs 5.8 FY24 FY21 5.8 Access to WBG staff and experts 5.6 5.5 Flexibility when circumstances change^ 5.8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Mean Rating To what extent is the WBG an effective development partner in terms of the following? Q Scale: 1 To no degree at all – 10 To a very significant degree ^Compared to the mean of institutional flexibility 20 and flexibility to changes in the country context asked in FY21. The WBG is seen as Effectively Collaborating with the Federal Government In FY24, respondents perceived the WBG as collaborating 7.5 Federal Government 6.7 better with the federal government compared to FY21; perceptions of the WBG’s collaboration with other donors Other donors and 6.5 and development partners also remain relatively positive. development partners 6.7 However, as in FY21, respondents give relatively low ratings for the WBG’s partnership with stakeholders outside of Local government 6.2 government – civil society, the private sector, academia, and the media. 6.1 Regional development banks Of note, respondents from government institutions gave significantly higher ratings for the Bank’s collaboration with Parliament/legislative branch 5.6 FY24 the federal government (mean = 8.2) compared to non- government respondents (mean = 6.7). FY21 5.5 Civil society 5.7 Academia/think 5.5 tanks/research institutions 5.4 Private sector 5.6 5.2 Media 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Mean Rating To what extent is the WBG an effective development partner in Somalia, in terms of collaborating with the following groups? Q Scale: 1 To no degree at all – 10 To a very significant degree 21 Majority of Stakeholders Wanted the Bank to Collaborate More with the Federal Government The national/federal Top for respondents 71% In addition to the WBG’s partnership with the from government government institutions (92%) federal government, the WBG should Other donors and 39% collaborate more with other donors and development partners development partners, civil society, and Top for non- local government. government Civil society 35% organizations (59%) Local government 34% Private sector 30% Regional development 26% banks Academia/think tanks/research 25% institutions Parliament/legislative 14% branch Media 5% Other 4% Which THREE of the following groups should the WBG collaborate with more in Somalia? (Choose no more than 3) Q (Percentage of Respondents, N=80) 22 23 World Bank Group’s Financial Instruments and Knowledge Work Financial Resources and Capacity Building were Considered the Bank’s Greatest Values As in FY21, respondents this year perceived financial resources and capacity building as the WBG’s greatest values. Providing financial resources 56% Capacity building and training 46% Bringing together different stakeholder groups to support Somalia’s development 38% efforts Providing advisory services and analytics to 22% support design or implementation of policies Providing data and statistics 11% Significantly more Mobilizing third-party financial resources 9% valuable to non- government respondents (20%) Other 6% Producing research on global development 5% issues Which WBG instruments do you VALUE the most in Somalia? (Select up to 2) Q (Percentage of Respondents, N=79) 24 WBG is Perceived as Insisting on Accountability Through its Lending but Could do More to Meet the Needs in a Timely Manner In terms of the WBG’s financial instruments, respondents The WBG insists on 6.6 had the highest levels of agreement that the WBG insists accountability through its on accountability through its lending. Ratings for the lending. WBG’s financial instruments meeting the needs of Somalia and the timeliness of the financial support were somewhat lower and decreased slightly (but not The conditions of the WBG’s 5.8 significantly) since FY21. As in other questions, financing are competitive government respondents tended to be more positive, compared to markets. and significantly so in their perceptions of the timeliness FY24 of the Bank’s financial support (mean=6.2). FY21 The WBG’s financial 5.8 instruments meet the needs of Somalia. 6.1 The WBG provides financial 5.6 support in a timely manner. 5.9 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Mean Rating Q To what extent do you agree/disagree with the following statements? Scale: 1 Strongly disagree – 10 Strongly agree 25 47% of Respondents Used WBG’s Knowledge Work; Those Who Did, Held Significantly More Positive Views of WBG’s Knowledge Work Five in ten respondents reported that they had I anticipate using the WBG's advisory 7.5 used the WBG’s knowledge work in the past. services and analytical work in the future.* 5.4 I am satisfied with the quality of the WBG’s 7.3 Not sure advisory services and analytical work in 10% Somalia.* 4.3 The WBG’s advice and recommendations 6.9 Have you ever are tailored to Somalia’s context.* Yes 4.7 used the Have you used 47% WBG’s WBG’s knowledge knowledge The WBG brings global expertise to Somalia work? 6.8 No work? as part of its advisory services and analytical 43% Yes work.* 4.9 No The WBG’s advisory services and analytical 6.4 work are timely.* 4.2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Mean Rating Have you used the WBG’s advisory services and analytics in the past? (Percentage of Respondents, N=79) Q To what extent do you agree with the following statements? Scale: 1 Strongly disagree – 10 Strongly agree *Significantly different between usage 26 WBG Knowledge Work Increasingly Perceived as Making a Significant Contribution How significant a contribution do you Respondents had the highest levels of agreement that 6.7 believe the World Bank Group's the WBG’s knowledge work and activities make a knowledge work and activities make to 6.2 significant contribution to development results in development results in Somalia Somalia. However, their ratings for other aspects of the Bank’s knowledge work—for example, its timeliness and I anticipate using the WBG's advisory 6.6 whether it brings global expertise to Somalia — were services and analytical work in the future. somewhat lower. ▪ Notably, respondents from government institutions I am satisfied with the quality of the 6.3 WBG’s advisory services and analytical were more likely to report that they have used work in Somalia. WBG’s knowledge work in the past; they also gave significantly higher ratings across most of the FY24 statements about WBG’s knowledge work compared The WBG’s advice and recommendations 6.2 FY21 to respondents from non-government are tailored to Somalia’s context.^ 6.2 organizations, including those of them who also reported using WBG’s knowledge work. The WBG brings global expertise to 6.0 Somalia as part of its advisory services and analytical work.^^ 6.3 The WBG’s advisory services and 5.8 analytical work are timely. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Mean Rating To what extent do you agree with the following statements? Scale: 1 Strongly disagree – 10 Strongly agree Q How significant a contribution do you believe the WBG’s knowledge work make to development results in Somalia? Scale: 1 Not significant at all – 10 Very significant ^Compared to "Are adaptable to Somalia’s specific development challenges and country circumstances" in FY21 27 ^^Compared to "Are a source of relevant information on global good practices" asked in FY21. 28 Communication and Outreach Social Media and Research Papers / Official Statistics were the Most Common Sources for Obtaining Information About Economic and Social Development Issues Top Information Source All Non-government Respondents Government Institutions Organizations Social media 65.8% 80.0% 58.6% Research papers / Official statistics 58.9% 60.0% 55.2% Television (TV) 27.4% 34.3% 20.7% Newspapers (Print or online) 27.4% 20.0% 31.0% e-Newsletters 26.0% 28.6% 24.1% Blogs 16.4% 22.9% 10.3% Other 11.0% 2.9% 10.3% Radio 9.6% 11.4% 10.3% Podcasts 9.6% 11.4% 10.3% How do you get most of your information about economic and social development issues in Somalia? Q (Percentage of Respondents, N=73) 29 WBG Website and Events were Most Preferred for Receiving WBG Communication Most respondents preferred receiving the Bank’s communications through the WBG Website and at the WBG events (in person or online). Half of the respondents also reported a preference for direct contact with WBG staff. Top Preferred WBG Channel All Non-government Respondents Government Institutions Organizations WBG Website 54.1% 52.8% 56.7% Event/conference/ seminar/workshop (in person or online) 52.7% 66.7% 36.7% Direct contact with staff (e.g., in person, virtually, phone, 50.0% 55.6% 50.0% email) Social media (e.g., Facebook, Twitter) 43.2% 50.0% 36.7% e-Newsletters 28.4% 25.0% 33.3% Direct messaging (e.g., WhatsApp, Telegram, Viber) 20.3% 16.7% 16.7% Interviews and press conferences 17.6% 16.7% 16.7% Other 6.8% 2.8% 10.0% Blogs 4.1% 2.8% 0.0% Podcasts 4.1% 2.8% 6.7% How would you prefer to obtain communication from the WBG? (Select up to 2) Q (Percentage of Respondents, N=74) 30 7 in 10 Recalled Seeing or Hearing Information About the WBG, Most Often Through the WBG Website or on Social Media 73% of respondents recalled seeing or hearing something about the WBG recently. Respondents who collaborated with the WBG were significantly more likely to recall something (84%) whereas respondents who did not collaborate were less likely to do so (62%). Respondents most often reported seeing that information on the WBG website, social media, or via direct contact with WBG staff. Among those who selected “Social media”, the majority reported seeing something on Twitter/X. WBG Website 49% Social media 45% Direct contact with WBG staff 45% 80% Event / conference / seminar 36% Television (TV) 27% e-Newsletters 22% 44% 40% 40% Direct messaging 20% Newspapers (Print or online) 13% Radio 9% 8% 8% Blogs 7% Twitter/X Facebook LinkedIn WhatsApp Instagram YouTube Other 5% Podcasts 5% Do you recall seeing or hearing anything about the WBG in the last 30 days? (N=75) Q Where do you recall seeing or hearing this information? (Select all that apply) (Percentage of Respondents, N=56) 31 On what social media platforms do you recall seeing this information? (Check all that apply) (Percentage of Respondents, N=25) WBG Work on Debt Relief and Food Security were the Most Commonly Recalled Topics Respondents most frequently recalled WBG work or research on debt relief for developing countries, food insecurity, and strengthening human capital. WBG’s work to or research on... providing debt relief for developing countries 52% food insecurity 43% strengthenning human capital through improving 43% health care, nutrition, education, jobs, and skills climate change (mitigation, adaptation) 34% World Bank Group global economic forecasts 34% creating more and better jobs 32% improving gender equity and empowering 27% women and girls energy (increasing energy supply, reducing 25% dependence of fossil fuels) helping alleviate the impacts of the COVID-19 20% pandemic addressing fragility, conflict, and violence 20% rebuilding trust between citizens and the state 14% Q What topics were included in what you saw or heard about WBG’s work or research? (Select all that apply) (Percentage of Respondents, N=56) 32 Climate Change Communications can be More Impactful when Related to Stakeholders’ Top Concerns: Food Insecurity and More Frequent and Severe Droughts/Heatwaves Two-thirds of respondents were very concerned about decreased crop yields / food insecurity and more frequent and severe droughts / heatwaves when it comes to the potential impacts of climate change in Somalia. Unsafe drinking water and more frequent / severe floods were also of great concern to respondents. These key areas of concern should be taken into consideration to make communications about climate change more impactful. Not at all A little Somewhat concerned Very concerned Decreased crop yields/food insecurity 68% More frequent and severe droughts / heatwaves 67% Unsafe drinking water 61% More frequent and severe floods 61% Land and forest degradation 56% Loss of jobs 53% Climate-driven migration 53% Effects on public health 48% Diminished water supply for people and the economy 47% Increase in natural disasters (for example, cyclones or sea-level surges) 43% Extinction of plant/animal species 40% Increase erosion of shoreline 31% Air pollution 24% Forest fires 22% Q How concerned are you about the following potential impacts of climate change in Somalia? (Percentage of Respondents, N=~74) 33 Message Recall is Associated with Message Agreement and More Positive Perceptions of the WBG The World Bank Group… Respondents who recalled seeing or is committed to comprehensive debt solutions that bring 7.1 significant benefits to people in poor countries* 5.5 hearing something about the WBG in the last 30 days had higher levels of helps improve gender equity and empower women and girls 6.8 in Somalia.* 4.6 agreement on all key messages the WBG communicates compared to those who helps countries boost climate resilience and mitigate the 6.8 did not recall any WBG-related effects of climate challenge* 4.9 messages. For many statements, the helps strengthen human capital in Somalia through 6.5 differences were statistically significant. improving health care, nutrition, education, jobs, and skills.* 4.9 helps address the current food crisis and enables greater 6.4 preparedness to future food security crises 4.9 is strengthening partnerships across the humanitarian- 6.3 development-peace nexus to address volatile situations 4.5 is working with governments, the private sector, and other Heard about partners to support critical facilities during the COVID-19 6.3 the WBG in pandemic 5.4 last 30 days helps create more and better jobs in Somalia. 6.2 5.2 Did not hear about the helps Somalia rebuild trust between citizens and the state to 6.1 create a new social contract.* WBG in last 4.2 30 days supports countries to ensure transition to more diversified 6.1 and cleaner sources of energy* 4.3 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Mean Rating Q Do you recall seeing or hearing anything about the WBG in the last 30 days? *Significantly different between groups To what extent do you agree with the following statements: Scale: 1 To no degree at all – 10 To a very significant degree 34 Message Recall is Associated with Higher Familiarity and More Positive Perceptions of the WBG and its Work 7.6 Familiarity with the WBG 6.9 7.6 Trust the WBG to do what is right for Somalia* 6.3 7.2 Effective in helping Somalia achieve development results Do you recall seeing 6.4 or hearing anything about the WBG 7.8 Relevant role in development* recently? 6.4 7.1 Yes Aligned with development priorities 5.8 No 7.0 The WBG’s work helps end poverty in Somalia* 5.0 7.7 Influence the development agenda* 6.5 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Mean Rating These findings suggest that respondents who are more frequently exposed to information about the WBG, or who actively engage with WBG staff and knowledge work (read research papers, etc.) are also more likely to hold more positive views about the WBG’s work. How familiar are you with the work of the World Bank Group in Somalia? Scale: 1 Not familiar at all – 10 Extremely familiar How much do you trust the WBG to do what is right for Somalia? Scale: 1 Not at all – 10 Very much Q How effective is the WBG in helping Somalia achieve development results? Scale: 1 Not effective at all – 10 Very effective Scale: 1 Strongly disagree – 10 Strongly agree: The WBG currently plays a relevant role in development in Somalia. The WBG’s wor k is aligned with what I consider the development 35 priorities for Somalia. To what extent does the World Bank Group influence the development agenda in Somalia? Scale: 1 To no degree at all – 10 To a very significant degree More Frequent Engagement ➔ More Message Recall Respondents who recalled hearing something about the WBG in the last 30 days had significantly more frequent interactions with the institution across most channels. Yes – Recalled seeing/hearing something No – Did not recall seeing/hearing about the WBG in last 30 days something about the WBG in last 30 days Had an exchange with WBG staff, in person, virtually, or by 57% 29% Read a WBG post / tweet on social 26% 37% phone/email/text media Read a WBG post / tweet on social Visited a WBG website (e.g., read a 55% 31% 24% 35% media blog, used its data) Visited a WBG website (e.g., read a Read or heard a story about the 49% 37% WBG in international media 22% 50% blog, used its data) (newspaper, TV, radio) Read or heard a story about the WBG in national or local media (newspaper, 39% 41% Read some, or all, of a WBG 21% 42% TV, radio) research paper or publication Read or heard a story about the WBG Had an exchange with WBG staff, in in international media (newspaper, 39% 41% person, virtually, or by 21% 42% TV, radio) phone/email/text Read some, or all, of a WBG research Read or heard a story about the 32% 60% WBG in national or local media 20% 35% paper or publication (newspaper, TV, radio) Attended a WBG event/conference/seminar/workshop 29% 45% Read a WBG e-newsletter 11% 42% (in person or online) Attended a WBG Read a WBG e-newsletter 29% 42% event/conference/seminar/workshop 5% 47% (in person or online) Every few days/weeks Every few months Every few days/weeks Every few months Over the past SIX MONTHS, how often did you engage with the WBG in any of the following ways? (Percentage of Respondents, N=~69) Do Q you recall seeing or hearing anything about the WBG in the last 30 days? (Yes N=~50; No N=~19) 36 37 Demographics of the Sample and Detailed Methodology Demographics of the Sample What is the primary specialization Do you of your work? (N=73) collaborate/work Public sector governance, anti-corruption 16% with the World Bank Macroeconomics, fiscal management 10% Group (WBG) in Somalia? No Agriculture and food security 10% Yes 48% (N=95) 52% Generalist (specialize in multiple sectors) 10% Respondents from government institutions Other 8% and bilateral/multilateral agencies were significantly more likely to indicate that Trade 7% they collaborate with the WBG (80% and 69%, respectively) compared to Social protection, labor policies, jobs 5% respondents from other stakeholder groups. Gender 5% Climate change 4% MIGA Urban development 4% IFC 2% Health 4% 4% Which of the Education 3% following WBG Finance and markets 3% agencies do you World Bank None of the above 3% collaborate/work (IDA) with in Somalia? 94% Energy / Extractives 3% (N=49) Environment / Natural resource management 1% Transport 1% Water, sanitation 1% Digital development 1% 38 Demographics of the Sample (continued) What’s your age? (N=74) Female 25 or younger 0% 24% 26-35 30% What is your gender? 36-45 38% (N=74) Male 46-55 22% 76% 56 and above 11% Galmudug , 4.5% Hirshabelle, 7.6% Somaliland, 16.7% Jubaland, 9.1% Which best represents Banaadir, Somalia Somaliland your geographic 50.0% Puntland, (N=66) 10.6% (N=6) location? Somaliland, 9.1% Jubaland, 83.3% South West, 9.1% 39 Detailed Methodology From September 2023 to November 2023, a total of 220 stakeholders in Somalia and Percentage of Respondents FY 2021 FY 2024 Somaliland were invited to provide their opinions on the WBG’s work by participating in a Government Principals: Office of the Country Opinion Survey (COS). A list of potential participants was compiled by the WBG President, Prime Minister, Minister, 19% 9% Parliamentarian country team and the fielding agency. Participants were drawn from the Office of the President, Prime Minister, Minister, and Parliament, government institutions, local Government Institutions: Employee of a Ministry, Department, Project Implementation governments, bilateral and multilateral agencies, the private sector, civil society, academia, Unit, Independent Government Institution, 38% 36% and the media. Judiciary, State-Owned Enterprise Of these stakeholders, 94 participated in the survey (43% response rate). Respondents Local Government 4% 6% completed the questionnaire via an online platform. Bilateral/Multilateral Agency: Embassy, Development Organization, Development 4% 9% The results of this year’s survey were compared to the FY21 Survey with a response Bank, UN Agency rate of 82% (N=164). Civil Society Organization: Local and regional NGOs, Community-Based Comparing responses across Country Surveys reflects changes in attitudes over time, but Organization, Private Foundation, 18% 27% also changes in respondent samples, changes in methodology, and changes to the survey Professional/Trade Association, instrument itself. To reduce the influence of the latter factor, only those questions with similar Faith-Based Group, Youth Group response scales/options were analyzed. This year’s survey saw a much greater outreach to Private Sector: Private Company, Financial and/or response from civil society organizations and academia but a decrease from Sector Organization, Private Bank 14% 6% government principals and the private sector. These differences in stakeholder composition between the two years should be taken into consideration when interpreting the results of the Academia/Research Center 0% 4% past-year comparison analyses. Media 2% 2% Key statistically significant findings (tested at the research standard of p < .05) are noted throughout the report. Other 0% 0% Total Number of Respondents 159 94 Breakdowns for individual questions by stakeholder group can be found in the “Somalia COS FY24 Appendices with data breakdowns.xlsx” file published in the WBG Microdata Library, along with the survey microdata and this report. Q Which of the following best describes your current affiliation? (Select only 1 response)? 40 Indicator Questions Every country that engages in the Country Opinion Survey (COS) must include specific indicator questions, several of which are aggregated for the World Bank Group’s annual Corporate Scorecard and are highlighted in red below. A2_6. How much do you trust the World Bank Group to do what is right for Somalia? Scale: 1 Not at all – 10 Very much A3. How effective is the World Bank Group in helping Somalia achieve development results? Scale: 1 Not effective at all – 10 Very effective To what extent do you agree with the following statements? Scale: 1 Strongly disagree – 10 Strongly agree A4. The WBG currently plays a relevant role in development in Somalia. A5. The WBG’s work is aligned with what I consider the development priorities for Somalia. A6. The WBG’s work helps end extreme poverty in Somalia A7. To what extent does the World Bank Group influence the development agenda in Somaliland? Scale: 1 To no degree at all – 10 To a very significant degree A8. How significant a contribution do you believe the WBG's knowledge work make to development results in Somalia? Scale: 1 Not significant at all – 10 Very significant To what extent is the WBG an effective development partner in terms of each of the following? Scale: 1 To no degree at all – 10 To a very significant degree C2. Responsiveness to needs in Somalia C3. Access to WBG staff and experts C4. Flexibility when circumstances change in Somalia C5. Being a long-term partner to Somalia To what extent is the WBG an effective development partner in Somalia, in terms of collaborating with the following groups: Scale: 1 To no degree at all – 10 To a very significant degree C7_1. Federal government C7_5. Private sector C7_6. Civil society C7_7. Other donor and development partners To what extent do you agree with the following statements? Scale: 1 Strongly disagree – 10 Strongly agree C8_1. The WBG’s financial instruments (i.e., budget support, loans, grants, trust funds) meet the needs of Somalia. C8_4. The WBG provides financial support in a timely manner. C10_1. I am satisfied with the quality of the WBG’s knowledge work in Somalia. C10_4. The WBG’s knowledge work is tailored to Somalia’s context. 41 Thank you For more information about this report or the Country Opinion Survey program, please contact: countrysurveys@worldbankgroup.org