World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2022: Colombia CAR COS FY17 Report (Final).docx FY 2022 Colombia Country Opinion Survey Report THE WORLD BANK GROUP Strategic Insights Group 1 August 2022 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2022: Colombia Acknowledgements The Colombia Country Opinion Survey is part of the County Opinion Survey Program series of the World Bank Group. This report was prepared by the Business Intelligence (BI) team, led by Jose De Buerba (Senior External Affairs Officer). Yulia Danilina, Jessica Cameron, Nan Lin, and Sofya Gubaydullina oversaw design, reporting, and analysis. Dania Mendoza, Noreen Wambui, and Irina Popova provided data support. BI acknowledges the significant contribution from the Colombia country team and independent fielding agency Ipsos Napoléon Franco. In particular, BI is grateful for the support from Maria Clara Ucros (External Affairs Officer) and Jairo Bedoya Villa (External Affairs Associate), who coordinated the survey related activities from Bogota, Colombia. 1 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2022: Colombia Table of Contents I. Objectives ...................................................................................3 II. Demographics of the Sample.......................................................4 III. Overall Context ...........................................................................9 IV. Overall Attitudes Toward the World Bank Group ......................13 V. World Bank Group’s Support in Development Areas .................17 VI. World Bank Group’s Work and Engagement on the Ground .....19 VII. World Bank Group’s Knowledge and Instruments .....................22 VIII. The Future Role of the WBG in Colombia ..................................27 IX. Communication and Outreach ..................................................32 X. Appendices ............................................................................... 34 COLOMBIA 2 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2022: Colombia I. Objectives This survey was designed to assist the World Bank Group (WBG) in gaining a better understanding of how stakeholders in Colombia perceive the WBG. The survey explored the following questions: 1. What opinion do key stakeholders have of the WBG when it comes to its effectiveness, relevance, alignment with Colombia’s development priorities, and other key indicators? Are opinions improving or declining? 2. What areas of development are perceived to be the most important? Have the priorities changed over the past three years? 3. How the WBG is perceived as a development partner? Are opinions improving or declining? 4. What do key stakeholder value the most, and the least when it comes to the WBGs work at the country level? Are opinions improving or declining? 5. What opinion do key stakeholders have of the WBG knowledge products and their quality? Are opinions improving or declining? 6. What are the preferred communication channels and which channels are reported to be used the most? In March of 2022, a total of 1,420 stakeholders who work in the area of development in Colombia were invited to participate in the survey. Among them were representatives from the government, civil society, bilateral and multilateral organizations, private sector, academia, and the media. A total of 194 stakeholders completed the survey (14% response rate). Respondents received the questionnaire link via email and completed the questionnaire online. 3 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2022: Colombia II. Demographics of the Sample Current Affiliation ▪ Note that for further analyses, some respondent groups were combined.1 1 Respondents from independent government institutions and state-owned enterprises were combined into an “Other Government Institutions” category; respondents from bilateral agencies were combined with those from multilateral agencies; respondents from the financial sector/private banks were combined with those from private sector organizations; respondents from NGOs/community-based organizations and professional/trade associations were combined into the “Civil Society” category. The small number of the respondents from the office of the President, office of a Minister, office of a member of Congress, local government, and media were included in the “Other” category. There were no respondents from the judicial system, faith-based, or youth groups. 4 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2022: Colombia II. Demographics of the Sample (continued) Area of Primary Specialization 5 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2022: Colombia II. Demographics of the Sample (continued) Geographic Locations Exposure to Agencies within the World Bank Group 6 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2022: Colombia II. Demographics of the Sample (continued) Familiarity with the WBG vs. Other Development Banks2 2In FY 2022, this question was asked separately about the World Bank (IBRD)and the IFC. For this calculation, only the question that refers to the World Bank (IBRD) was compared to the question “How familiar are you with the work of the World Bank Group in Colombia?” from the FY 2019 COS. 7 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2022: Colombia II. Demographics of the Sample (continued) Familiarity with the World Bank Group ▪ Collaboration: Respondents who collaborate with the WBG reported significantly higher levels of familiarity with the work of the World Bank (mean rating = 8.1) compared to respondents who do not collaborate (mean rating = 6.4). ▪ Impact of familiarity: Respondents’ ratings of familiarity3 with the WBG were significantly, strongly correlated with their agreement that the WBG plays a relevant role in Colombia’s development and with their ratings of the extent to which the WBG’s work helps achieve development results in Colombia; and significantly moderately correlated with their ratings for the WBG’s overall effectiveness4 in Colombia. 3 In FY 2022 the questions regarding familiarity and overall effectiveness were asked separately for the World Bank (IBRD) and IFC. These analyses only reflect the ratings for the World Bank (IBRD). 8 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2022: Colombia III. Overall Context Headed in the Right Direction Although a plurality feel Colombia is heading in the right direction, nearly half of respondents say that economic opportunity is decreasing. Perceptions of Economic Opportunity 9 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2022: Colombia III. Overall Context (continued) Development Priority ▪ Year comparison: Respondents in the FY’19 Country Survey indicated that the most important development priorities in Colombia were “peace and post-conflict agenda” (35%), “anti-corruption” (34%), and “education” (27%). Although these continue to be top development priorities in FY’22, “reduce economic and social inequality” (46%) and “enhance equality of opportunity” (32%), two new priorities added this year, emerged among the top 5 priorities. 10 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2022: Colombia III. Overall Context (continued) Trust in Institutions ▪ Year comparison: Respondents in this year’s Country Survey gave significantly higher ratings of trust in the WBG compared to respondents in the FY’19 Survey (mean rating = 7.3). Ratings of trust in the UN, Colombia’s Central Bank, faith-based institutions, and the national government were statistically similar between the two years. 11 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2022: Colombia III. Overall Context (continued) Attributions for Slow/Failed Reform Efforts ▪ Year comparison: Respondents in the FY’19 Country Survey attributed slow/failed reform efforts in Colombia to “corruption” (68%), followed by “political pressures and obstacles” (38%), “reforms not being well thought out in light of country challenges” (28%), and “poor coordination within the government” (24%). 12 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2022: Colombia IV. Overall Attitudes toward the World Bank Group Overall Effectiveness of the World Bank Group vs. Other Development Banks5 Achieving Development Results (Indicator Question) 5In FY 2022 the questions regarding overall effectiveness were asked separately for the World Bank (IBRD) and IFC. For this calculation, only the question that refers to the World Bank (IBRD) was compared to the question referencing “the World Bank Group” from the FY 2019 COS. 13 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2022: Colombia IV. Overall Attitudes toward the World Bank Group (continued) Influence on Colombia’s Development Agenda (Indicator Question) WBG Staff Preparedness6 6 Responses from respondents who indicated little or no familiarity with the WB (a rating of 1 or 2 out of 10) were not included in the analyses. 14 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2022: Colombia IV. Overall Attitudes toward the World Bank Group (continued) Overall Ratings for Indicator Questions by Stakeholder Groups ▪ Collaboration: Respondents who collaborate with the WBG had significantly higher mean ratings for the aggregated responses to the twenty-one COS indicator questions (mean rating = 8.4) compared to respondents who do not collaborate with the WBG (mean rating = 7.2). Responses for individual indicator questions by collaboration with the WBG can be found in Appendix C. ▪ Stakeholder groups: Respondents from PMU/Consultants on WBG projects had the highest mean ratings for the aggregated responses to the twenty-one COS indicator questions, whereas respondents from Civil Society had significantly lower mean ratings. Responses for individual indicator questions by stakeholder groups can be found in Appendix B. 15 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2022: Colombia IV. Overall Attitudes toward the World Bank Group (continued) Greatest Value ▪ Year comparison: Respondents in the FY’19 Country Survey indicated that the WBG’s greatest values to Colombia were “financial resources” (36%), “capacity development related to WBG-supported projects” (35%), “policy advice, studies, analyses” (30%), and “technical assistance” (27%). 16 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2022: Colombia V. World Bank Group’s Support in Development Areas Effectiveness of WBG’s Support in Sectoral Areas7 7Note, informed stakeholders primarily responded to this question. Respondents were given the option of “Don’t Know” if they did not have exposure to the WBG’s work in certain development areas (see Appendix A). In addition, responses from respondents who indicated little or no familiarity with the WB (a rating of 1 or 2 out of 10) were not included in the analyses. 17 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2022: Colombia V. World Bank Group’s Support in Development Areas (continued) Effectiveness of WBG’s Support in Sectoral Areas: Year Comparison8 ▪ Because of wording changes, ratings of effectiveness in many of the sectoral areas could not be compared to the FY’19 Country Survey. For most of those that could be compared, effectiveness ratings increased, significantly so for transport, private sector development, public sector governance, climate change, and agriculture and rural development. 8 Responses from respondents who indicated little or no familiarity with the WB (a rating of 1 or 2 out of 10) were not included in the analyses. 18 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2022: Colombia VI. World Bank Group’s Work and Engagement on the Ground The World Bank Group’s Work in Colombia Helping the Poorest 19 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2022: Colombia VI. WBG’s Work and Engagement on the Ground (continued) Overall Perceptions9 9 Responses from respondents who indicated little or no familiarity with the WB (a rating of 1 or 2 out of 10) were not included in the analyses. 20 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2022: Colombia VI. WBG’s Work and Engagement on the Ground (continued) The WBG as an Effective Development Partner10 10 Responses from respondents who indicated little or no familiarity with the WB (a rating of 1 or 2 out of 10) were not included in the analyses. 21 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2022: Colombia VII. World Bank Group’s Knowledge and Instruments Frequency of Consulting WBG Knowledge Work and Activities Access to WBG’s Knowledge Work and Activities11 11Responses from respondents who indicated that they “Never” consulted the WBG’s knowledge work were not included in the analysis. 22 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2022: Colombia VII. World Bank Group’s Knowledge and Instruments (continued) Meeting Colombia’s Knowledge Needs12 (Indicator Question) Reimbursable Advisory Services (RAS) 13 12 Responses from respondents who indicated little or no familiarity with the WB (a rating of 1 or 2 out of 10) were not included in the analysis. 13 Responses from respondents who indicated little or no familiarity with the WB (a rating of 1 or 2 out of 10) were not included in the analyses. 23 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2022: Colombia VII. World Bank Group’s Knowledge and Instruments (continued) Contribution of the WBG’s Knowledge Work and Activities14 (Indicator Question) ▪ Respondents were asked to elaborate on this contribution, in an open-ended question. Those who chose to comment provided mostly positive feedback, mentioned specific projects, and stressed the importance of the WBG’s global expertise. A few respondents reported a mixed experience and cited obstacles such as the WBG’s bureaucracy and insufficient local knowledge, and the need for better communication about its work, as well as a high level of corruption in the country that impedes development outcomes (see Appendix E for more details). Technical Quality of the WBG’s Knowledge Work and Activities15 (Indicator Question) ▪ Respondents were asked to elaborate on the technical quality of the WBG’s knowledge work, in an open-ended question. Those who chose to comment provided mostly positive feedback, and, specifically, they emphasized the technical competencies of the WBG’s staff and experts (see Appendix E for more details). 14 Responses from respondents who indicated that they “Never” consulted the WBG’s knowledge work were not included in the analyses. 15 Responses from respondents who indicated that they “Never” consulted the WBG’s knowledge work were not included in the analyses. 24 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2022: Colombia VII. World Bank Group’s Knowledge and Instruments (continued) Qualities of the WBG’s Knowledge Work and Activities16 WBG’s Global Advocacy Role (Indicator Question) 16Responses from respondents who indicated that they “Never” consulted the WBG’s knowledge work were not included in the analyses. 25 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2022: Colombia VII. World Bank Group’s Knowledge and Instruments (continued) Meeting Colombia’s Needs for Financial Instruments17 (Indicator Question) 17 Responses from respondents who indicated little or no familiarity with the WB (a rating of 1 or 2 out of 10) were not included in the analysis. 26 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2022: Colombia VIII. The Future Role of the World Bank Group in Colombia Making the World Bank Group of Greater Value 27 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2022: Colombia VIII. The Future Role of the WBG in Colombia (continued) The World Bank Group Should Collaborate More with … 28 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2022: Colombia VIII. The Future Role of the WBG in Colombia (continued) Where the World Bank Group Should Focus its Resources ▪ Year comparison: Respondents in the FY’19 Country Survey indicated that the WBG should focus its resources on “education” (31%), “agriculture and rural development” (31%), “peace and post-conflict agenda” (24%), and “anti-corruption” (23%), “balanced territorial development” (20%), and “public sector governance/reform” (20%). 29 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2022: Colombia VIII. The Future Role of the WBG in Colombia (continued) Support to the Migration Crisis 30 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2022: Colombia VIII. The Future Role of the WBG in Colombia (continued) Support related to COVID-19 outbreak 31 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2022: Colombia IX. Communication and Outreach Note: When considering the World Bank Group’s future outreach with key constituencies, please see Appendix B for selected responses by stakeholder groups. General Information Sources ▪ Year comparison: Respondents in the FY’19 Country Survey indicated that they got most of their information about economic and social development issues in Colombia from the “Internet” (62%) and “periodicals” (52%). In FY’22, “Social media” became the most frequently identified source of information, increasing significantly from 16% of respondents selecting it in FY’19 to 47% in FY’22. 32 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2022: Colombia IX. Communication and Outreach (continued) Note: When considering communication methods for the World Bank Group’s future outreach, please see Appendix A (page 35) for reported frequency of interactions with key forms of World Bank Group communications. Preferred Information Sources ▪ Year comparison: Respondents in the FY’19 Country Survey indicated that they would prefer to receive information from the WBG through “WBG’s publications and other written materials” (62%) and “WBG’s seminars/workshops/conferences” (59%). In FY’22, these two sources continued to be preferred by respondents, along with “e-Newsletters”, a new response option in this year’s COS which emerged as one of the most preferred information sources. 33 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2022: Colombia X. Appendices A. Responses to All Questions Across All Respondents ..................... 35 B. Responses to Selected Questions by Stakeholder Groups ............ 46 C. Indicator Questions as a Function of Exposure to the WBG .......... 57 D. Methodology……………………………………………………………………………….58 E. Comments Report……………………………………………………………………….60 F. Colombia FY 2022 COS Questionnaire .......................................... 62 COLOMBIA 34 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2022: Colombia Appendix A: Responses to All Questions across All Respondents (N=194) All rating scale questions are presented with the total number of respondents that provided a rating (N), the number of respondents who indicated that they “Don’t know” (DK), the mean rating across all respondents (Mean), and the standard deviation of this mean (SD). Indicator questions are noted with an asterisk (*). Background Information Which of the following best describes your current affiliation? (Select only 1 Percentage of Respondents response) (N=194) Project Management Unit (PMU) overseeing implementation of WBG 17.0% project/Consultant/Contractor working on WBG supported project/program NGO/Community Based Organization 17.0% Employee of Ministry, Ministerial Department, Implementation Agency 10.3% Academia/Research Institute/Think Tank 9.3% Private Foundation 8.8% Private Sector Organization 7.2% State-Owned Enterprise 6.2% Multilateral Agency (UN, regional development bank) 5.2% Independent Government Institution (i.e., regulatory agency, central bank/oversight 4.1% institution) Bilateral Agency (e.g., embassy, diplomatic, military) 3.1% Media (press, radio, TV, web, etc.) 2.6% Financial Sector/Private Bank 2.1% Professional/Trade association 2.1% Other 2.1% Office of a member of Parliament/Legislative body 1.5% Office of the President 0.5% Office of a Minister 0.5% Local Government Office or Staff 0.5% Judicial System (e.g., courts) 0.0% Faith-Based Group 0.0% Youth Group 0.0% Currently, do you professionally collaborate/work with the World Bank Group Percentage of Respondents (IBRD, IFC, MIGA, ICSID) in Colombia? (N=194) Yes 26.3% No 73.7% If yes, which of the following agencies of the World Bank Group do you Percentage of Respondents primarily collaborate in Colombia? (Select only 1 response) (N=51) The World Bank (IBRD) 90.2% The International Finance Corporation (IFC) 9.8% The Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency (MIGA) 0.0% International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes (ICSID) 0.0% A. Overall Context Percentage of Respondents 1. In general, would you say that Colombia is headed in ... ? (N=193) The right direction 39.4% The wrong direction 30.1% Not sure 30.6% 35 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2022: Colombia A. Overall Context (continued) Percentage of Respondents 2. Do you think that economic opportunity for citizens in Colombia is … ? (N=194) Increasing 23.7% Decreasing 49.0% Staying about the same 27.3% 3. Please identify which of the following development priorities you consider Percentage of Respondents the most important in Colombia. (Choose no more than 5, in order of priority) (Responses Combined; N=194) Fight corruption and strengthen accountability mechanisms 50.0% Reduce economic and social inequality across population groups and regions 45.9% Provide access to affordable and good quality education for all 38.7% Advance on the implementation of the peace process (rural development, land 37.6% regularization, etc.) Enhance equality of opportunity (i.e., social inclusion) 32.5% Halt deforestation and protect biodiversity 32.0% Upgrade basic economic infrastructure (transport, water and sanitation, etc.) 29.9% Address effects of climate change and reducing greenhouse gas emissions 26.3% Conduct fiscal reforms that safeguard public finance stability and improve equity 24.2% Provide access to the formal job market 23.2% Combat crime and violence 22.2% Strengthen public sector management (improving efficiency, accountability, and 21.6% transparency) Provide enabling conditions for private sector development (e.g., trade, access to markets, 18.0% business regulation, reduce cost of formal employment, etc.) Close the gender gap on economic opportunities, social support, and political 15.5% representation Improve access to affordable and good quality health care 11.3% Increase trade and global and regional economic integration 10.8% Improve access to clean, reliable, and affordable energy 8.2% Improved access to affordable and fast internet and cellphone connections 7.2% Facilitate the economic and social integration of Venezuelan migrants 7.2% Enhance market competition 6.7% Improve social protection (e.g., pensions, targeted social assistance) 6.2% Effective response to the COVID-19 pandemic 5.2% 4. When economic and/or social reform efforts fail or are slow to take place in Colombia, which of the following would you attribute this to? Percentage of Respondents (Choose no more than 2) (Responses Combined; N=194) Corruption 51.5% Inadequate administrative and management capacity in the government (at national 31.4% and/or subnational level) Pressure from interest groups 30.4% Slow and burdensome political and administrative processes 29.9% Inadequate checks and balances in government (lack of transparency and accountability) 19.6% Inadequate citizen/civil society participation in economic policy making 16.0% Inadequate conditions for private sector development 7.7% Limited firm capabilities and innovation 5.2% Limited market competition 2.6% Other 0.5% 36 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2022: Colombia A. Overall Context (continued) 5. To what extent do you trust each of the following groups to do what is right? Degree (1-To no degree at all, 10-To a very significant degree) N DK Mean SD 1. The national government 186 1 5.44 2.59 2. Congress 182 5 3.85 2.02 3. Subnational governments (departmental and municipal) 182 2 4.80 2.00 4. Central Bank (“Banco de la Republica”) 177 8 7.11 2.45 5. Institutions implementing the peace accord 172 10 5.67 2.29 6. Domestic private firms 178 7 6.57 1.99 7. Private sector organizations (“gremios”) 178 5 6.18 2.22 8. International companies present in Colombia 175 10 6.51 2.08 9. The World Bank Group* 165 22 7.70 1.95 10. The United Nations (UN) 175 9 7.35 2.11 11. Regional development banks 162 22 6.74 2.25 12. International civil society (e.g., NGOs, CBOs) 177 8 6.86 2.20 13. Domestic civil society (e.g., NGOs, CBOs) 177 7 6.98 2.18 14. Youth organizations 169 13 6.43 2.24 15. Faith-based institutions 167 15 5.68 2.35 16. Domestic traditional media and their web presence (e.g., newspapers, TV stations, 179 4 4.81 2.26 radio) 17. International media and their web presence 182 4 5.68 2.25 18. Web based media (i.e., blogs, social media, other web-based news, and information 178 5 5.61 2.27 sources) B. Overall Attitudes toward the World Bank Group 1. How familiar are you with the work of these organizations in Colombia? Familiarity (1-Not familiar at all, 10-Extremely familiar) N DK Mean SD 1. The World Bank (IBRD) 187 N/A 6.86 2.70 2. The International Finance Corporation (IFC), the World Bank Group’s private sector 186 N/A 5.22 3.06 arm 3. The Inter-American Development Bank (IDB/BID) 186 N/A 7.12 2.49 4. The Latin American Development Bank (CAF) 183 N/A 5.98 2.87 To what extent do you agree/disagree with the following statements about the Level of Agreement World Bank Group’s work in Colombia? (1-Strongly disagree, 10-Strongly agree) N DK Mean SD 2. Overall the World Bank Group currently plays a relevant role in development in 168 16 7.45 2.31 Colombia* 3. The World Bank Group’s work is aligned with what I consider the development 164 20 7.37 2.22 priorities for Colombia* 4. Overall, please rate your impression of the effectiveness of these Effectiveness organizations in Colombia. (1-Not effective at all, 10-Very effective) N DK Mean SD 1. The World Bank (IBRD)* 161 26 7.56 1.98 2. The International Finance Corporation (IFC), the World Bank Group’s private sector 118 67 6.96 2.19 arm* 3. The Inter-American Development Bank (IDB/BID) 168 18 7.45 2.07 4. The Latin American Development Bank (CAF) 138 46 6.86 2.11 37 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2022: Colombia B. Overall Attitudes toward the World Bank Group Achieving Development Results N DK Mean SD 5. To what extent does the World Bank Group’s work help to achieve development 171 15 7.52 2.17 results in Colombia?* (1-To no degree at all, 10-To a very significant degree) Influencing the Development Agenda N DK Mean SD 6. To what extent does the World Bank Group influence the development agenda in 160 18 7.41 2.19 Colombia?* (1-To no degree at all, 10-To a very significant degree) 7. To what extent do you believe that the World Bank Group’s work and Percentage of Respondents support help the poorest in Colombia? (Select only 1 response) (N=185) To a fully sufficient degree 3.8% To a somewhat sufficient degree 47.6% To a somewhat insufficient degree 22.7% To a very insufficient degree 10.3% Don’t know 15.7% 8. When thinking about the World Bank Group’s role in Colombia, which Percentage of Respondents activity do you VALUE the most? (Choose no more than 2) (Responses Combined; N=176) Build capacity through projects and technical assistance 39.2% Financial resources 38.1% Support to policy/project implementation 36.4% Bring global expertise and good practices to Colombia 24.4% Mobilize third party financial resources 14.2% Analytical work and contributions to the national policy dialogues 12.5% Data and statistics 10.2% Support to designing policy reforms 5.1% Donor coordination 4.5% Share Colombia’s development experiences with other countries 2.8% Bring together different groups of stakeholders to build consensus behind reforms 1.7% Global advocacy 1.7% Other 0.6% 38 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2022: Colombia B. Overall Attitudes toward the World Bank Group (continued) 9. When thinking about how the World Bank Group can have the most impact on development results in Colombia, which sectors do you believe the World Bank Group should prioritize with its resources (financial and knowledge Percentage of Respondents services) in Colombia? (Choose no more than 5) (Responses Combined; N=171) Reduce economic and social inequality across population groups and regions 46.2% Fight corruption and strengthen accountability mechanisms 38.6% Upgrade basic economic infrastructure (transport, water and sanitation, etc.) 34.5% Strengthen public sector management (improving efficiency, accountability, and 33.3% transparency) Enhance equality of opportunity (i.e., social inclusion) 32.2% Provide access to affordable and good quality education for all 31.0% Halt deforestation and protect biodiversity 28.1% Address effects of climate change and reducing greenhouse gas emissions 25.7% Advance on the implementation of the peace process (rural development, land 24.6% regularization, etc.) Provide enabling conditions for private sector development (e.g., trade, access to markets, 21.1% business regulation, reduce cost of formal employment, etc.) Conduct fiscal reforms that safeguard public finance stability and improve equity 21.1% Provide access to the formal job market 17.0% Increase trade and global and regional economic integration 15.8% Combat crime and violence 14.6% Improve access to clean, reliable, and affordable energy 13.5% Close the gender gap on economic opportunities, social support, and political 12.9% representation Enhance market competition 9.9% Improve social protection (e.g., pensions, targeted social assistance) 9.4% Improve access to affordable and good quality health care 7.6% Improved access to affordable and fast internet and cellphone connections 5.8% Facilitate the economic and social integration of Venezuelan migrants 4.1% Effective response to the COVID-19 pandemic 4.1% 10. What do you immediately think of when you hear about the IFC? (Choose Percentage of Respondents no more than 3) (Responses Combined; N=175) Multi-lateral financial institution 39.4% World Bank 33.7% Investment bank 20.0% Private capital mobilization 19.4% Development institution 17.7% Public-private partnerships 16.6% Private sector solutions 16.0% Don’t know 14.3% Innovation and entrepreneurship 13.1% Financial advisory solutions 10.9% Impact investor 10.3% Creating markets 5.1% Venture capital 2.9% Asset manager 2.3% Thought leader 1.7% None of the above 1.1% Other 1.1% 39 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2022: Colombia C. World Bank Group’s Work and Engagement on the Ground Staff Preparedness N DK Mean SD 1. To what extent do you believe the World Bank Group’s staff is well prepared (e.g., skills mix and knowledge) to help Colombia solve its most complicated development 143 16 7.90 2.09 challenges? (1-To no degree at all, 10-To a very significant degree) To what extent is the World Bank Group an effective development partner in Degree Colombia, in terms of each of the following? (1-To no degree at all, 10-To a very significant degree) N DK Mean SD 2. Maximizing finance for development (or MDF) (is the World Bank Group’s approach to systematically leverage all sources of finance, expertise, and solutions to support 146 9 7.94 2.02 developing countries’ sustainable growth) 3. Being inclusive (engaging with a wide range of stakeholders to ensure that a variety 139 10 7.23 2.34 of opinions are heard and considered)* 4. Being straightforward and honest* 136 13 8.02 1.99 5. Providing access to WBG staff and global expertise* 139 11 8.09 2.00 6. Being an effective facilitator and contributor to national policy dialogue* 135 15 7.59 2.12 7. Being responsive to needs* 139 11 7.35 2.24 8. Collaboration with civil society* 130 19 7.14 2.38 9. Openness (sharing data, analysis, and other information)* 139 9 7.98 1.84 10. Collaboration with other development partners* 141 8 8.01 1.93 11. Collaboration with humanitarian partners 125 24 7.68 2.17 To what extent do you agree/disagree with the following statements? Level of Agreement (1-Strongly disagree, 10-Strongly agree) N DK Mean SD 12. The World Bank Group reacts quickly to respond to client needs* 136 11 7.12 2.21 13. The World Bank Group’s approvals and reviews are done in a timely fashion 124 22 7.29 2.04 14. The World Bank Group’s conditions on its lending are reasonable 119 24 7.35 2.18 15. The World Bank Group disburses funds promptly 105 41 7.78 2.08 16. The World Bank Group’s Environmental and Social Framework requirements are 111 34 7.87 1.92 reasonable 17. The World Bank Group’s focus on accountability through its lending (e.g., 120 26 7.98 1.87 performance-based financing/resources tied to results) is adequate 18. The World Bank Group provides adequate supervision to its operations on the 123 21 8.11 1.80 ground 19. The World Bank Group measures results effectively 130 13 8.10 1.85 20. Working with the World Bank Group increases Colombia’s institutional capacity 135 12 8.05 2.04 To what extent do you agree/disagree with the following statements about the World Bank Group in Colombia? (1-Strongly disagree, 10-Strongly agree) N DK Mean SD 21. The World Bank Group’s mix of financial instruments (i.e., investment lending, Development Policy Financing, Trust Funds, Program-for-Results, guarantees, private 133 13 7.86 1.90 sector investments) offered to Colombia meet the needs of the government and beneficiaries* 22. The World Bank Group meets Colombia’s needs for knowledge services (e.g., 130 14 7.77 2.02 research, analysis, data, technical assistance, serving as a knowledge broker)* Reimbursable Advisory Services N DK Mean SD 23. To what extent do you believe that Colombia received value for money from the World Bank Group’s Reimbursable Advisory Services (RAS)? (1-To no degree at all, 110 37 7.86 1.92 10-To a very significant degree) 40 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2022: Colombia C. World Bank Group’s Work and Engagement on the Ground (continued) Global Advocacy Role N DK Mean SD 24. How important is the World Bank Group’s global advocacy role in areas such as climate, health, gender, citizen engagement, and mobilizing private sector capital for 135 12 8.38 1.71 development? (1-Not important at all, 10-Very important) C25. In which of the following areas do you believe the World Bank Group should provide most of its resources when it comes to providing support to the Percentage of Respondents migration crisis in Colombia? (Choose no more than 2) (Responses Combined; N=145) Jobs 37.2% Supporting poor and marginalized local host communities 29.7% Business development opportunities 25.5% Social cohesion among migrants and host communities 23.4% Education 22.8% Health 16.6% Access to finance 13.1% Infrastructure 11.0% Macro issues (fiscal accounts, balance of payments, etc.) 4.1% Combatting xenophobia 3.4% Other 2.8% Don’t know 1.4% D. World Bank Group’s Support in Development Areas 1. How EFFECTIVE do you believe the World Bank Group is in terms of the work Effectiveness it does in the following areas of development in Colombia? (1-Not effective at all, 10-Very effective) N DK Mean SD 1. Social protection (e.g., pensions, targeted social assistance) 50 83 6.44 2.19 2. Agriculture and rural development 86 44 7.43 1.99 3. Public sector governance (i.e., government effectiveness, public financial 88 45 7.66 1.77 management, judiciary, etc.) 4. Poverty reduction and equality of opportunity (i.e., social inclusion, gender equality) 99 34 7.37 2.02 5. Health, nutrition, and population 73 59 6.97 2.09 6. Private sector development 75 55 7.75 1.88 7. Climate change (e.g., mitigation, adaptation) 97 37 7.52 2.00 8. Transparency and anti-corruption 80 52 6.92 2.41 9. Energy and mining 74 57 7.55 1.87 10. Jobs and labor markets 66 66 6.91 2.16 11. Digital development 66 66 7.24 2.19 12. Disaster risk management and resilience 74 57 7.58 2.07 13. Water and sanitation 84 48 7.70 1.96 14. Macroeconomic and fiscal stability 70 61 7.87 1.45 15. Environment and natural resource management (forestry, “blue economy”, etc.) 85 47 7.59 2.13 16. Urban development and land 85 47 7.47 2.20 17. Transport (roads, railways, etc.) 84 50 8.06 1.76 18. Trade and global/regional integration 68 65 7.60 2.01 19. Financial markets 73 60 8.08 1.76 20. Peace, crime, and violence 71 62 7.07 2.35 41 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2022: Colombia E. World Bank Group’s Knowledge Work and Activities 1. How frequently do you consult World Bank Group’s knowledge work and Percentage of Respondents activities in the work you do? (N=153) Weekly 8.5% Monthly 14.4% A few times a year 45.8% Rarely 24.8% Never 6.5% E2. Please specify how you access those knowledge products? Percentage of Respondents (Select all that apply) (Responses Combined; N=143) World Bank Group’s website 70.6% World Bank Group’s publications and other written materials 60.8% e-Newsletters 36.4% World Bank Group’s social media (Facebook, Twitter) 33.6% Webinars or online events hosted by the World Bank Group 31.5% World Bank Group’s blogs and videos 17.5% Other 2.1% In Colombia, to what extent do you believe that the World Bank Group’s Degree knowledge work and activities: (1-To no degree at all, 10-To a very significant degree) N DK Mean SD 3. Are timely 127 12 7.76 1.95 4. Include appropriate level of stakeholder involvement during preparation 114 22 7.55 2.24 5. Are source of relevant information on global good practices 126 11 8.19 1.92 6. Are adequately disseminated 129 7 7.34 2.23 7. Are translated enough into local language 124 14 8.24 1.91 8. Are relevant to Colombia’s specific development challenges and country 128 11 7.86 2.12 circumstances* Overall Evaluations N DK Mean SD 9. Overall, how significant a contribution do you believe the World Bank Group's knowledge work and activities make to development results in your country?* 130 10 7.90 2.08 (1-Not significant at all, 10-Very significant) 11. Overall, how would you rate the technical quality of the World Bank Group's knowledge work and activities?* (1-Very low technical quality, 10-Very high technical 135 4 8.39 1.75 quality) F. The Future Role of the World Bank Group in Colombia 1. Which of the following SHOULD the WBG do to improve its advice and Percentage of Respondents guidance in Colombia? (Choose no more than 3) (Responses Combined; N=149) Increase emphasis on developing Colombia’s analytical capacity (in government and 36.9% independent research institutions) More dissemination of its work 34.9% Be more sensitive toward political and social realities 34.2% Be more willing to criticize government policies and reform efforts 28.2% Be more responsive to changing country needs 27.5% Provide more real-time advice and guidance 26.2% Increase the level of country specific expertise 19.5% Be faster in its response 13.4% Incorporate more innovative technologies into its work and support 13.4% Increase emphasis on analytics and policy for private sector development 12.8% Provide more adequate data/knowledge/statistics on your country’s economy 12.1% Other 4.7% Be less influenced by developed countries and their priorities 4.0% 42 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2022: Colombia F. The Future Role of the World Bank Group in Colombia(continued) 2. In addition to its regular relations, which THREE of the following should the World Bank Group collaborate with more in Colombia? (Choose no more than Percentage of Respondents 3) (Responses Combined; N=150) NGOs/Community Based Organizations 43.3% Academia/think tanks/research institutes 42.0% Subnational government 35.3% Youth/university groups 32.0% Private sector organizations (“gremios”) 26.7% Private firms 16.7% Beneficiaries 16.0% Congress 14.0% Media 13.3% Donor community 12.0% The executive branch 10.0% Other 2.7% Faith-based organizations 2.0% Don’t know 2.0% 3. Which THREE areas below would benefit most from the World Bank Group’s support to help ensure that Colombia has fair and equitable access to the vaccines necessary to alter the course of the COVID-19 pandemic? (Choose no Percentage of Respondents more than 3) (Responses Combined; N=148) Help to strengthen the national health system 73.6% Support the national development of vaccines 50.0% Support community and stakeholder engagement to address misinformation and stigma 41.2% Support the distribution of vaccines 32.4% Training health workers 25.0% Support the purchase of vaccines 25.0% Assess country’s readiness for vaccine distribution 18.2% Other 1.4% G. Communication and Information Sharing 1. Which would you say are your MAIN sources of news about economic and Percentage of Respondents social development issues in Colombia? (Choose no more than 3) (Responses Combined; N=150) Social media (e.g., Facebook, Twitter, YouTube, Telegram, TikTok) 47.3% Websites/apps of local newspapers/magazines 38.0% Local television 32.0% Websites/apps of international newspapers/ magazines 28.7% Websites/apps of international TV 19.3% Local radio news programs or bulletins 17.3% Printed local newspapers 14.7% Printed local periodicals 14.7% International television 14.0% Websites/apps of local radio companies 14.0% Websites/apps of local TV 11.3% Blogs 6.7% International radio news programs or bulletins 5.3% Websites/apps of international radio companies 5.3% Other 4.0% 43 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2022: Colombia G. Communication and Information Sharing(continued) 2. How would you prefer to obtain information about the World Bank Group Percentage of Respondents and its work? (Choose no more than 3) (Responses Combined; N=148) World Bank Group’s publications and other written materials 47.3% e-Newsletters 47.3% World Bank Group’s seminars/workshops/ conferences 43.2% World Bank’s website 37.8% Webinars or online events hosted by the World Bank Group 30.4% World Bank Group’s social media 24.3% Direct contact with World Bank Group (i.e., face to face meetings/discussions) 24.3% Interviews and press conferences for the Colombia’s media 8.8% World Bank Group’s blogs 4.1% IFC’s website 4.1% Other 0.0% 3. What do you use primarily when visiting a World Bank Group website? Percentage of Respondents (Select only 1 response) (N=149) Computer/laptop 82.6% Mobile 14.1% I never visit the WBG websites 3.4% 4. Over the past SIX MONTHS, on average how Percentage of Respondents often did you do any of the following related to the Every few Every few Every few World Bank Group (WBG)? N days weeks months Not at all Read, viewed or heard a story about the WBG in local 147 8.8% 35.4% 40.1% 15.6% media (newspaper, magazine, TV, radio) Read, viewed or heard a story about the WBG in global 146 9.6% 34.2% 39.0% 17.1% media (newspaper, magazine, TV, radio) Interacted with the WBG on social media (e.g., read a post 145 10.3% 17.9% 22.1% 49.7% or tweet, liked, commented, shared, retweeted) Visited a WBG website (e.g., read a blog, used data) 144 6.9% 34.7% 43.1% 15.3% Attended an event/conference hosted by the WBG 139 3.6% 11.5% 35.3% 49.6% Attended/participated in a webinar or online event hosted 142 5.6% 7.7% 38.7% 47.9% by the WBG Read some or all of a WBG research paper or publication 141 5.0% 22.0% 55.3% 17.7% Was interviewed or contacted by a WBG staff 142 7.7% 14.8% 16.9% 60.6% Read a WBG e-newsletter 141 9.9% 17.7% 37.6% 34.8% 44 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2022: Colombia H. Background Information 1. Please identify the primary specialization of your work. (Select only 1 Percentage of Respondents response) (N=149) Environment, natural resources 20.8% Other 14.8% Generalist (specialized in multiple sectors) 10.7% Agriculture, rural development 8.7% Finance and markets 7.4% Education 6.7% Macroeconomics, fiscal management 4.7% Water, sanitation 4.7% Transport 4.0% Poverty 3.4% Trade and competitiveness 2.7% Gender 2.0% Energy 1.3% Climate change 1.3% Digital development and technology (ICT) 1.3% Demographics, migration 1.3% Communications, public affairs 1.3% Governance, anti-corruption 0.7% Social protection 0.7% Urban development 0.7% Fragility, conflict, violence, refugees 0.7% Health, nutrition 0.0% Jobs 0.0% Tourism 0.0% Percentage of Respondents 2. What’s your gender? (N=148) Female 41.2% Male 58.8% Percentage of Respondents 3. Within your organization, would you describe yourself as …. (N=150) Junior level 6.7% Mid-level staff 27.3% Mid-level decision-maker / manager 28.7% Senior level 37.3% Percentage of Respondents 4. What’s your age? (N=150) 25 and under 0.7% 26-35 8.7% 36-45 31.3% 46-55 30.7% 56 and above 28.7% Percentage of Respondents 5. Which best represents your geographic location? (N=150) Bogota 78.0% The Caribbean Region 7.3% Other parts of the country 6.0% Medellin 5.3% Cali 3.3% 45 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2022: Colombia Appendix B: Responses to Selected Questions by Stakeholder Groups18  Employee of a Ministry N=20  PMU/Consultant on WBG project N=33  Other Government Institutions19 N=20  Bilateral/Multilateral Agency N=16  Private Sector20 N=18  Private Foundations N=17  NGO/Community Based Organization/Professional/Trade association (Civil Society) N=37  Academia/Research Institute/Think Tank (Academia) N=18  Other21 N=15 Background Information Currently, do you professionally collaborate/work with the World Bank Group (IBRD, IFC, MIGA, ICSID) in your country?* PMU/ Other Bilateral/ Employee of Consultant on Government Multilateral Private Private Percentage of Respondents a Ministry WBG project Institutions Agency Sector Foundations Civil Society Academia Other Yes 55.0% 51.5% 25.0% 62.5% 5.6% 11.8% 8.1% 5.6% 6.7% No 45.0% 48.5% 75.0% 37.5% 94.4% 88.2% 91.9% 94.4% 93.3% *Significantly different between stakeholder groups If yes, which of the following agencies of the World Bank Group do you primarily collaborate in Colombia?* (Select only 1 response) PMU/ Other Bilateral/ Employee of Consultant on Government Multilateral Private Private Percentage of Respondents a Ministry WBG project Institutions Agency Sector Foundations Civil Society Academia Other The World Bank (IBRD) 90.9% 100.0% 60.0% 100.0% 0.0% 100.0% 100.0% 0.0% 100.0% The International Finance Corporation (IFC) 9.1% 0.0% 40.0% 0.0% 100.0% 0.0% 0.0% 100.0% 0.0% The Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency (MIGA) 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% (ICSID) *Significantly different between stakeholder groups 18 Only 194 respondents provided information about their current positions. Therefore, only these respondents were included in the across-stakeholder analysis presented in this appendix. 19 Includes the following categories: Independent Government Institution (N=8) and State-Owned Enterprise (N=12) 20 Includes the following categories: Private Sector Organization (N=14) and Financial Sector/Private Bank (N=4) 21 Includes the following categories: Office of the President (N=1), Office of Minister (N=1), Office of a member of Parliament (N=3), Local Government (N=1), Media (N=5) and Other (N=4). There were no respondents from the Judicial System, Faith-based Group, and Youth Group. 46 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2022: Colombia A. Overall Context In general, would you say that Colombia is headed in ...? PMU/ Other Bilateral/ Employee of Consultant on Government Multilateral Private Private Percentage of Respondents a Ministry WBG project Institutions Agency Sector Foundations Civil Society Academia Other The right direction* 65.0% 36.4% 47.4% 50.0% 61.1% 23.5% 21.6% 27.8% 40.0% The wrong direction* 5.0% 21.2% 21.1% 12.5% 11.1% 52.9% 51.4% 44.4% 40.0% Not sure 30.0% 42.4% 31.6% 37.5% 27.8% 23.5% 27.0% 27.8% 20.0% *Significantly different between stakeholder groups Please identify which of the following development priorities you consider the most important in Colombia. (Choose no more than 5, in order of priority) PMU/ Other Bilateral/ Percentage of Respondents Employee of Consultant on Government Multilateral Private Private (Responses combined) a Ministry WBG project Institutions Agency Sector Foundations Civil Society Academia Other Effective response to the COVID-19 pandemic 10.0% 12.1% 5.0% 6.3% 0.0% 0.0% 2.7% 0.0% 6.7% Upgrade basic economic infrastructure 15.0% 39.4% 25.0% 31.3% 44.4% 17.6% 29.7% 27.8% 33.3% Provide enabling conditions for private sector development* 15.0% 15.2% 10.0% 18.8% 55.6% 5.9% 13.5% 16.7% 20.0% Improve access to clean, reliable, and affordable energy 15.0% 12.1% 10.0% 6.3% 16.7% 0.0% 8.1% 0.0% 0.0% Improved access to affordable and fast internet and cellphone 0.0% 6.1% 5.0% 12.5% 5.6% 11.8% 5.4% 0.0% 26.7% connections Halt deforestation and protect biodiversity 35.0% 36.4% 15.0% 18.8% 22.2% 35.3% 48.6% 27.8% 26.7% Combat crime and violence 20.0% 18.2% 20.0% 18.8% 33.3% 5.9% 21.6% 38.9% 26.7% Improve social protection 5.0% 9.1% 10.0% 6.3% 0.0% 5.9% 5.4% 5.6% 6.7% Increase trade and global and regional economic integration 15.0% 12.1% 5.0% 18.8% 5.6% 5.9% 8.1% 11.1% 20.0% Improve access to affordable and good quality health care 10.0% 21.2% 25.0% 6.3% 11.1% 5.9% 8.1% 0.0% 6.7% Address effects of climate change and reducing greenhouse gas 20.0% 27.3% 25.0% 12.5% 27.8% 35.3% 35.1% 16.7% 26.7% emissions Reduce economic and social inequality across population groups 40.0% 45.5% 55.0% 43.8% 22.2% 47.1% 48.6% 72.2% 33.3% and regions Facilitate the economic and social integration of Venezuelan 15.0% 9.1% 5.0% 18.8% 0.0% 0.0% 8.1% 0.0% 6.7% migrants Advance on the implementation of the peace process 40.0% 27.3% 25.0% 37.5% 33.3% 35.3% 54.1% 38.9% 40.0% Provide access to affordable and good quality education for all 45.0% 39.4% 65.0% 50.0% 27.8% 35.3% 27.0% 38.9% 26.7% Provide access to the formal job market 30.0% 18.2% 30.0% 31.3% 27.8% 17.6% 13.5% 33.3% 20.0% Strengthen public sector management 15.0% 24.2% 10.0% 37.5% 22.2% 23.5% 16.2% 22.2% 33.3% Conduct fiscal reforms that safeguard public finance stability 35.0% 33.3% 30.0% 25.0% 27.8% 23.5% 8.1% 27.8% 13.3% and improve equity Fight corruption and strengthen accountability mechanisms 40.0% 48.5% 45.0% 31.3% 66.7% 76.5% 43.2% 50.0% 60.0% Enhance equality of opportunity 35.0% 18.2% 30.0% 37.5% 27.8% 52.9% 24.3% 44.4% 46.7% Close the gender gap on economic opportunities, social support, 25.0% 12.1% 5.0% 12.5% 5.6% 23.5% 21.6% 16.7% 13.3% and political representation Enhance market competition 15.0% 6.1% 0.0% 6.3% 5.6% 5.9% 8.1% 5.6% 6.7% *Significantly different between stakeholder groups 47 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2022: Colombia A. Overall Context (continued) When economic and/or social reform efforts fail or are slow to take place in Colombia, which of the following would you attribute this to? (Choose no more than 2) PMU/ Other Bilateral/ Percentage of Respondents Employee of Consultant on Government Multilateral Private Private (Responses combined) a Ministry WBG project Institutions Agency Sector Foundations Civil Society Academia Other Inadequate conditions for private sector development 20.0% 6.1% 0.0% 6.3% 16.7% 0.0% 5.4% 11.1% 6.7% Limited market competition 5.0% 0.0% 0.0% 6.3% 5.6% 0.0% 2.7% 5.6% 0.0% Limited firm capabilities and innovation 5.0% 12.1% 0.0% 6.3% 11.1% 0.0% 5.4% 0.0% 0.0% Inadequate administrative and management capacity in the 20.0% 48.5% 40.0% 37.5% 27.8% 47.1% 21.6% 22.2% 13.3% government Inadequate citizen/civil society participation in economic policy 15.0% 6.1% 15.0% 12.5% 22.2% 11.8% 32.4% 5.6% 13.3% making Pressure from interest groups* 40.0% 24.2% 20.0% 50.0% 27.8% 5.9% 21.6% 61.1% 40.0% Corruption* 35.0% 42.4% 50.0% 43.8% 38.9% 88.2% 62.2% 50.0% 53.3% Inadequate checks and balances in government* 20.0% 12.1% 10.0% 6.3% 5.6% 29.4% 21.6% 38.9% 40.0% Slow and burdensome political and administrative processes* 40.0% 42.4% 50.0% 25.0% 33.3% 11.8% 21.6% 5.6% 33.3% Other 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 2.7% 0.0% 0.0% *Significantly different between stakeholder groups PMU/ Other Bilateral/ Employee of Consultant on Government Multilateral Private Private a Ministry WBG project Institutions Agency Sector Foundations Civil Society Academia Other N Mean N Mean N Mean N Mean N Mean N Mean N Mean N Mean N Mean To what extent, do you trust the World Bank Group to do what is right? 19 8.16 30 8.03 18 7.72 14 8.07 15 8.47 13 7.92 29 6.97 14 7.43 13 6.62 (1-To no degree at all, 10-To a very significant degree) 48 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2022: Colombia B. Overall Attitudes Toward the World Bank Group How familiar are you with the work of these organizations in Colombia? (1-Not familiar at all, 10-Extremely familiar) PMU/ Other Bilateral/ Employee of Consultant on Government Multilateral Private Private a Ministry WBG project Institutions Agency Sector Foundations Civil Society Academia Other N Mean N Mean N Mean N Mean N Mean N Mean N Mean N Mean N Mean The World Bank (IBRD)* 19 8.42 33 8.45 19 7.47 15 7.20 16 6.69 17 5.59 35 5.26 18 5.83 15 6.80 The International Finance Corporation (IFC), the World Bank Group’s 19 6.68 33 4.30 19 5.42 14 5.36 16 7.31 17 4.71 36 4.17 17 5.18 15 5.93 private sector arm* The Inter-American Development Bank (IDB/BID)* 19 8.53 33 7.91 18 6.56 15 7.53 16 7.56 17 6.41 36 6.44 17 5.94 15 7.20 The Latin American Development Bank (CAF)* 19 7.79 33 5.18 18 5.83 15 6.73 16 7.31 17 4.76 34 4.94 17 6.06 14 7.14 *Significantly different between stakeholder groups To what extent do you agree/disagree with the following statements about the World Bank Group’s work in Colombia? (1-Strongly disagree, 10-Strongly agree) PMU/ Other Bilateral/ Employee of Consultant on Government Multilateral Private Private a Ministry WBG project Institutions Agency Sector Foundations Civil Society Academia Other N Mean N Mean N Mean N Mean N Mean N Mean N Mean N Mean N Mean Overall, the World Bank Group currently plays a relevant role in 19 8.00 33 8.42 16 7.63 15 7.67 15 7.33 12 7.42 29 6.38 14 6.79 15 7.00 development in Colombia* The World Bank Group’s work is aligned with what I consider the 19 7.84 32 8.00 16 7.75 15 7.47 14 7.93 11 7.45 28 6.25 14 7.00 15 6.80 development priorities for Colombia *Significantly different between stakeholder groups Overall, please rate your impression of the effectiveness of these organizations in Colombia. (1-Not effective at all, 10-Very effective) PMU/ Other Bilateral/ Employee of Consultant on Government Multilateral Private Private a Ministry WBG project Institutions Agency Sector Foundations Civil Society Academia Other N Mean N Mean N Mean N Mean N Mean N Mean N Mean N Mean N Mean The World Bank (IBRD)* 18 8.22 32 8.38 15 8.53 15 7.53 15 7.73 12 7.42 27 6.44 13 6.69 14 6.71 The International Finance Corporation (IFC), the World Bank Group’s 12 7.33 17 7.41 10 8.20 12 6.33 15 7.40 9 6.78 20 5.70 11 7.09 12 7.08 private sector arm The Inter-American Development Bank (IDB/BID)* 18 8.17 32 8.16 14 8.50 14 8.14 15 7.60 13 6.69 31 6.65 16 6.25 15 6.93 The Latin American Development Bank (CAF)* 17 7.76 24 7.25 10 7.70 11 7.64 14 7.21 10 6.30 25 5.84 14 6.00 13 6.62 *Significantly different between stakeholder groups 49 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2022: Colombia B. Overall Attitudes Toward the World Bank Group (continued) PMU/ Other Bilateral/ Employee of Consultant on Government Multilateral Private Private a Ministry WBG project Institutions Agency Sector Foundations Civil Society Academia Other N Mean N Mean N Mean N Mean N Mean N Mean N Mean N Mean N Mean To what extent does the World Bank Group’s work help to achieve 18 8.44 32 8.53 16 8.56 15 7.60 15 7.13 13 7.15 31 6.32 16 6.88 15 6.93 development results in Colombia?* (1-To no degree at all, 10-To a very significant degree) *Significantly different between stakeholder groups PMU/ Other Bilateral/ Employee of Consultant on Government Multilateral Private Private a Ministry WBG project Institutions Agency Sector Foundations Civil Society Academia Other N Mean N Mean N Mean N Mean N Mean N Mean N Mean N Mean N Mean To what extent does the World Bank Group influence the development 18 7.89 30 7.93 15 8.13 11 7.82 15 7.13 11 7.18 30 6.53 15 7.47 15 6.87 agenda in Colombia? (1-To no degree at all, 10-To a very significant degree) 50 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2022: Colombia B. Overall Attitudes Toward the World Bank Group (continued) When thinking about how the World Bank Group can have the most impact on development results in Colombia, which sectors do you believe the World Bank Group should prioritize with its resources (financial and knowledge services) in Colombia? (Choose no more than 5) PMU/ Other Bilateral/ Percentage of Respondents Employee of Consultant on Government Multilateral Private Private (Responses combined) a Ministry WBG project Institutions Agency Sector Foundations Civil Society Academia Other Strengthen public sector management 43.8% 39.4% 23.5% 25.0% 33.3% 33.3% 30.0% 38.9% 26.7% Increase trade and global and regional economic integration 6.3% 12.1% 29.4% 25.0% 33.3% 6.7% 16.7% 11.1% 6.7% Upgrade basic economic infrastructure 31.3% 42.4% 52.9% 25.0% 53.3% 20.0% 20.0% 22.2% 46.7% Improve access to clean, reliable, and affordable energy 25.0% 21.2% 17.6% 8.3% 6.7% 6.7% 16.7% 5.6% 0.0% Improved access to affordable and fast internet and cellphone 0.0% 6.1% 0.0% 8.3% 6.7% 6.7% 3.3% 5.6% 20.0% connections Address effects of climate change and reducing greenhouse gas 43.8% 42.4% 11.8% 8.3% 13.3% 26.7% 20.0% 22.2% 26.7% emissions Combat crime and violence 0.0% 24.2% 17.6% 25.0% 6.7% 6.7% 16.7% 11.1% 13.3% Improve social protection 6.3% 6.1% 5.9% 8.3% 0.0% 13.3% 10.0% 16.7% 20.0% Advance on the implementation of the peace process* 31.3% 12.1% 11.8% 33.3% 13.3% 26.7% 50.0% 22.2% 13.3% Improve access to affordable and good quality health care 0.0% 18.2% 11.8% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 3.3% 5.6% 20.0% Enhance market competition 12.5% 15.2% 0.0% 8.3% 13.3% 13.3% 3.3% 11.1% 13.3% Reduce economic and social inequality across population groups 31.3% 39.4% 29.4% 58.3% 33.3% 53.3% 50.0% 72.2% 53.3% and regions Enhance equality of opportunity 12.5% 27.3% 47.1% 41.7% 26.7% 40.0% 26.7% 38.9% 40.0% Facilitate the economic and social integration of Venezuelan 6.3% 3.0% 0.0% 8.3% 0.0% 0.0% 3.3% 16.7% 0.0% migrants Provide access to affordable and good quality education for all 37.5% 27.3% 47.1% 33.3% 20.0% 20.0% 26.7% 33.3% 40.0% Provide access to the formal job market 18.8% 9.1% 29.4% 8.3% 26.7% 20.0% 10.0% 22.2% 20.0% Provide enabling conditions for private sector development 31.3% 18.2% 17.6% 16.7% 46.7% 13.3% 16.7% 16.7% 20.0% Conduct fiscal reforms that safeguard public finance stability 18.8% 15.2% 17.6% 50.0% 20.0% 33.3% 10.0% 27.8% 20.0% and improve equity Fight corruption and strengthen accountability mechanisms* 12.5% 39.4% 17.6% 16.7% 40.0% 73.3% 53.3% 27.8% 53.3% Effective response to the COVID-19 pandemic 12.5% 6.1% 0.0% 16.7% 0.0% 0.0% 3.3% 0.0% 0.0% Close the gender gap on economic opportunities, social support, 6.3% 6.1% 0.0% 25.0% 20.0% 26.7% 16.7% 16.7% 6.7% and political representation Halt deforestation and protect biodiversity 12.5% 36.4% 17.6% 25.0% 20.0% 33.3% 46.7% 22.2% 13.3% *Significantly different between stakeholder groups 51 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2022: Colombia C. World Bank Group’s Work and Engagement on the Ground To what extent is the World Bank Group an effective development partner in Colombia, in terms of each of the following? (1-To no degree at all, 10-To a very significant degree) PMU/ Other Bilateral/ Employee of Consultant on Government Multilateral Private Private a Ministry WBG project Institutions Agency Sector Foundations Civil Society Academia Other N Mean N Mean N Mean N Mean N Mean N Mean N Mean N Mean N Mean Maximizing finance for development (or MDF) 16 8.00 32 8.63 16 8.19 11 7.27 11 8.36 12 8.17 23 7.17 14 7.50 11 7.64 Being inclusive 16 7.75 32 8.06 12 7.33 11 6.82 11 7.73 12 7.33 20 6.65 15 6.13 10 6.20 Being straightforward and honest* 16 8.31 29 8.97 14 8.43 11 7.36 10 8.40 13 7.62 20 7.00 13 7.85 10 7.40 Providing access to WBG staff and global expertise* 16 9.00 30 8.87 14 8.71 10 7.50 11 8.18 12 7.58 21 6.90 15 7.40 10 8.00 Being an effective facilitator and contributor to national policy 15 8.20 29 8.52 13 8.00 11 7.00 10 7.50 12 7.33 20 6.65 14 6.36 11 8.00 dialogue* Being responsive to needs 16 7.63 29 8.24 15 8.47 12 6.67 10 6.50 11 7.09 21 6.52 15 6.87 10 7.10 Collaboration with civil society 14 7.36 25 7.88 13 7.54 10 5.90 10 7.50 12 6.75 22 7.09 14 6.71 10 6.50 Openness (sharing data, analysis, and other information) 16 8.13 29 8.45 14 8.29 11 7.55 10 8.30 12 8.17 22 7.32 15 7.80 10 7.60 Collaboration with other development partners* 16 8.81 32 8.44 14 8.43 12 7.08 10 8.60 11 8.27 23 7.04 14 7.71 9 7.67 Collaboration with humanitarian partners 12 7.92 28 8.39 12 8.08 10 6.50 10 7.60 10 7.80 20 7.35 13 7.77 10 6.60 *Significantly different between stakeholder groups To what extent do you agree/disagree with the following statements? (1-Strongly disagree, 10-Strongly agree) PMU/ Other Bilateral/ Employee of Consultant on Government Multilateral Private Private a Ministry WBG project Institutions Agency Sector Foundations Civil Society Academia Other N Mean N Mean N Mean N Mean N Mean N Mean N Mean N Mean N Mean The World Bank Group reacts quickly to respond to client needs* 14 7.57 31 8.35 14 7.71 12 5.42 12 7.00 9 7.00 20 6.25 14 6.50 10 6.80 *Significantly different between stakeholder groups 52 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2022: Colombia C. World Bank Group’s Work and Engagement on the Ground (continued) To what extent do you agree/disagree with the following statements about the World Bank Group in Colombia? (1- Strongly disagree, 10- Strongly agree) PMU/ Other Bilateral/ Employee of Consultant on Government Multilateral Private Private a Ministry WBG project Institutions Agency Sector Foundations Civil Society Academia Other N Mean N Mean N Mean N Mean N Mean N Mean N Mean N Mean N Mean The World Bank Group’s mix of financial instruments offered to 14 8.07 30 8.67 14 8.64 12 7.42 9 7.11 11 7.91 22 7.05 14 7.14 7 8.14 Colombia meet the needs of the government and beneficiaries* The World Bank Group meets Colombia’s needs for knowledge 14 8.14 28 8.68 14 8.79 12 7.50 10 7.60 8 7.63 21 6.52 15 6.67 8 8.25 services* *Significantly different between stakeholder groups PMU/ Other Bilateral/ Employee of Consultant on Government Multilateral Private Private a Ministry WBG project Institutions Agency Sector Foundations Civil Society Academia Other N Mean N Mean N Mean N Mean N Mean N Mean N Mean N Mean N Mean How important is the World Bank Group’s global advocacy role in areas such as climate, health, gender, citizen engagement, and mobilizing 14 8.57 30 8.83 12 8.50 12 7.17 11 8.55 11 8.36 21 8.48 15 7.73 9 8.67 private sector capital for development? (1- Not important at all, 10- Very important) 53 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2022: Colombia E. World Bank Group’s Knowledge Work and Activities How frequently do you consult World Bank Group’s knowledge products in the work you do? Other Bilateral/ Employee of PMU/ Government Multilateral Private Private Percentage of Respondents a Ministry Consultant Institutions Agency Sector Foundations Civil Society Academia Other Weekly 21.4% 16.1% 7.1% 0.0% 0.0% 6.7% 6.9% 0.0% 9.1% Monthly 21.4% 12.9% 14.3% 10.0% 14.3% 6.7% 13.8% 26.7% 9.1% A few times a year 50.0% 51.6% 35.7% 60.0% 42.9% 33.3% 44.8% 40.0% 54.5% Rarely 7.1% 19.4% 28.6% 30.0% 28.6% 33.3% 24.1% 33.3% 27.3% Never 0.0% 0.0% 14.3% 0.0% 14.3% 20.0% 10.3% 0.0% 0.0% In Colombia, to what extent do you believe that the World Bank Group’s knowledge work and activities: (1-To no degree at all, 10-To a very significant degree) PMU/ Other Bilateral/ Employee of Consultant on Government Multilateral Private Private a Ministry WBG project Institutions Agency Sector Foundations Civil Society Academia Other N Mean N Mean N Mean N Mean N Mean N Mean N Mean N Mean N Mean Are timely 13 7.77 28 8.25 10 8.90 10 8.20 10 8.10 10 7.60 23 7.17 13 6.38 10 7.70 Include appropriate level of stakeholder involvement during 12 7.83 26 8.12 10 9.20 9 7.11 10 8.20 9 7.56 19 6.26 11 6.73 8 7.13 preparation* Are source of relevant information on global good practices* 12 8.83 29 8.55 11 9.55 9 7.67 10 8.60 10 8.00 22 7.05 14 7.50 9 8.67 Are adequately disseminated* 11 7.18 30 8.03 11 9.09 8 6.75 10 7.40 11 6.64 23 6.61 15 6.40 10 7.80 Are translated enough into local language 13 7.54 29 8.72 11 9.00 9 7.78 9 8.78 10 8.10 21 7.67 12 7.83 10 8.70 Are relevant to Colombia’s specific development challenges and 13 8.31 29 8.31 10 9.00 9 7.44 10 8.30 10 8.10 23 6.65 14 7.29 10 8.10 country circumstances *Significantly different between stakeholder groups PMU/ Other Bilateral/ Employee of Consultant on Government Multilateral Private Private a Ministry WBG project Institutions Agency Sector Foundations Civil Society Academia Other N Mean N Mean N Mean N Mean N Mean N Mean N Mean N Mean N Mean Overall, how significant a contribution do you believe the World Bank Group's knowledge work makes to the development results in your 13 8.38 30 8.53 11 9.18 9 7.11 11 8.00 11 7.64 21 7.10 14 7.21 10 7.50 country? (1-Not significant at all, 10-Very significant) PMU/ Other Bilateral/ Employee of Consultant on Government Multilateral Private Private a Ministry WBG project Institutions Agency Sector Foundations Civil Society Academia Other N Mean N Mean N Mean N Mean N Mean N Mean N Mean N Mean N Mean Overall, how would you rate the technical quality of the World Bank 13 8.85 31 8.97 11 9.27 10 7.30 12 8.67 12 8.42 21 7.62 15 7.60 10 8.50 Group's knowledge work and activities?* (1-Very low technical quality, 10-Very high technical quality) *Significantly different between stakeholder groups 54 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2022: Colombia F. The Future Role of The World Bank Group in Colombia Which of the following SHOULD the WBG do to improve its advice and guidance in Colombia? (Choose no more than 3) PMU/ Other Bilateral/ Percentage of Respondents Employee of Consultant on Government Multilateral Private Private (Responses combined) a Ministry WBG project Institutions Agency Sector Foundations Civil Society Academia Other Be more responsive to changing country needs 42.9% 32.3% 33.3% 30.0% 21.4% 28.6% 14.3% 26.7% 27.3% Provide more real-time advice and guidance 35.7% 29.0% 41.7% 10.0% 28.6% 21.4% 25.0% 13.3% 27.3% Be more sensitive toward political and social realities 42.9% 35.5% 8.3% 20.0% 14.3% 42.9% 46.4% 26.7% 54.5% Be faster in its response* 28.6% 6.5% 0.0% 40.0% 7.1% 14.3% 10.7% 6.7% 27.3% More dissemination of its work 21.4% 41.9% 50.0% 50.0% 35.7% 28.6% 25.0% 33.3% 36.4% Incorporate more innovative technologies into its work and 28.6% 19.4% 8.3% 10.0% 14.3% 14.3% 7.1% 6.7% 9.1% support Be more willing to criticize government policies and reform 28.6% 12.9% 25.0% 0.0% 14.3% 35.7% 42.9% 46.7% 45.5% efforts* Provide more adequate data/knowledge/statistics on your 14.3% 3.2% 8.3% 20.0% 21.4% 21.4% 14.3% 13.3% 0.0% country’s economy Be less influenced by developed countries and their priorities 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 10.0% 0.0% 7.1% 14.3% 0.0% 0.0% Increase emphasis on developing Colombia’s analytical capacity 28.6% 29.0% 50.0% 30.0% 57.1% 28.6% 39.3% 60.0% 9.1% Increase the level of country specific expertise 14.3% 25.8% 8.3% 10.0% 21.4% 28.6% 14.3% 33.3% 9.1% Increase emphasis on analytics and policy for private sector 0.0% 16.1% 16.7% 10.0% 42.9% 7.1% 3.6% 13.3% 9.1% development* Other 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 10.0% 0.0% 0.0% 10.7% 13.3% 9.1% *Significantly different between stakeholder groups In addition to its regular relations, which THREE of the following should the World Bank Group collaborate with more in Colombia? (Choose no more than 3) PMU/ Other Bilateral/ Percentage of Respondents Employee of Consultant on Government Multilateral Private Private (Responses combined) a Ministry WBG project Institutions Agency Sector Foundations Civil Society Academia Other Media* 0.0% 6.5% 25.0% 20.0% 7.1% 0.0% 10.7% 33.3% 36.4% Private sector organizations* 21.4% 32.3% 0.0% 10.0% 57.1% 46.7% 10.7% 33.3% 27.3% Private firms 14.3% 19.4% 16.7% 20.0% 35.7% 20.0% 3.6% 20.0% 9.1% Beneficiaries 0.0% 12.9% 16.7% 30.0% 7.1% 13.3% 32.1% 6.7% 18.2% Academia/think tanks/research institutes 21.4% 41.9% 58.3% 30.0% 50.0% 20.0% 39.3% 73.3% 45.5% Faith-based organizations 0.0% 3.2% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 3.6% 0.0% 9.1% Congress* 14.3% 9.7% 41.7% 20.0% 28.6% 13.3% 3.6% 13.3% 0.0% The executive branch* 35.7% 9.7% 25.0% 0.0% 21.4% 0.0% 3.6% 0.0% 0.0% Subnational government 64.3% 41.9% 50.0% 40.0% 21.4% 33.3% 21.4% 26.7% 27.3% Youth/university groups 35.7% 32.3% 33.3% 0.0% 28.6% 40.0% 25.0% 40.0% 54.5% Donor community 0.0% 19.4% 0.0% 30.0% 14.3% 0.0% 21.4% 6.7% 0.0% NGOs/Community Based Organizations* 28.6% 48.4% 8.3% 40.0% 0.0% 80.0% 78.6% 26.7% 27.3% Other* 0.0% 0.0% 8.3% 0.0% 0.0% 6.7% 0.0% 0.0% 18.2% Don’t know 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 7.1% 0.0% 3.6% 0.0% 9.1% *Significantly different between stakeholder groups 55 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2022: Colombia G. Communication and Information Sharing Which would you say are your MAIN sources of news about economic and social development issues in Colombia? (Choose no more than 3) PMU/ Other Bilateral/ Percentage of Respondents Employee of Consultant on Government Multilateral Private Private (Responses combined) a Ministry WBG project Institutions Agency Sector Foundations Civil Society Academia Other Local television 35.7% 41.9% 41.7% 0.0% 21.4% 33.3% 35.7% 26.7% 27.3% International television 7.1% 19.4% 8.3% 0.0% 7.1% 13.3% 21.4% 13.3% 18.2% Local radio news programs or bulletins 14.3% 25.8% 33.3% 20.0% 21.4% 26.7% 7.1% 6.7% 0.0% International radio news programs or bulletins 7.1% 6.5% 0.0% 10.0% 0.0% 0.0% 10.7% 6.7% 0.0% Printed local newspapers* 0.0% 0.0% 25.0% 20.0% 7.1% 13.3% 21.4% 33.3% 27.3% Printed local periodicals 7.1% 16.1% 8.3% 20.0% 21.4% 0.0% 14.3% 20.0% 27.3% Websites/apps of local TV 7.1% 16.1% 25.0% 10.0% 14.3% 6.7% 3.6% 6.7% 18.2% Websites/apps of international TV 7.1% 25.8% 16.7% 30.0% 35.7% 13.3% 10.7% 20.0% 18.2% Websites/apps of local radio companies 28.6% 9.7% 0.0% 20.0% 7.1% 33.3% 10.7% 13.3% 9.1% Websites/apps of international radio companies 7.1% 9.7% 0.0% 10.0% 7.1% 0.0% 3.6% 0.0% 9.1% Websites/apps of local newspapers/magazines* 64.3% 22.6% 41.7% 30.0% 50.0% 46.7% 32.1% 60.0% 9.1% Websites/apps of international newspapers/ magazines 42.9% 22.6% 25.0% 50.0% 21.4% 20.0% 28.6% 33.3% 27.3% Social media 28.6% 48.4% 58.3% 20.0% 57.1% 46.7% 57.1% 40.0% 54.5% Blogs 7.1% 3.2% 0.0% 10.0% 14.3% 0.0% 7.1% 6.7% 18.2% Other 7.1% 0.0% 0.0% 10.0% 0.0% 13.3% 3.6% 6.7% 0.0% *Significantly different between stakeholder groups How would you prefer to obtain information about the World Bank Group and its work? (Choose no more than 3) PMU/ Other Bilateral/ Percentage of Respondents Employee of Consultant on Government Multilateral Private Private (Responses combined) a Ministry WBG project Institutions Agency Sector Foundations Civil Society Academia Other World Bank Group’s publications and other written materials 42.9% 51.6% 41.7% 55.6% 50.0% 42.9% 53.6% 40.0% 36.4% e-Newsletters 28.6% 48.4% 58.3% 55.6% 64.3% 42.9% 35.7% 60.0% 45.5% World Bank Group’s seminars/workshops/ conferences 50.0% 45.2% 58.3% 66.7% 35.7% 28.6% 32.1% 40.0% 54.5% World Bank Group’s blogs 7.1% 6.5% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 7.1% 3.6% 6.7% 0.0% World Bank Group’s social media* 0.0% 25.8% 16.7% 0.0% 14.3% 50.0% 32.1% 26.7% 36.4% Direct contact with World Bank Group 35.7% 19.4% 25.0% 22.2% 14.3% 28.6% 21.4% 26.7% 36.4% World Bank’s website 50.0% 41.9% 41.7% 33.3% 42.9% 35.7% 28.6% 33.3% 36.4% IFC’s website 7.1% 0.0% 8.3% 0.0% 14.3% 0.0% 3.6% 6.7% 0.0% Webinars or online events hosted by the World Bank Group 35.7% 45.2% 25.0% 11.1% 42.9% 7.1% 25.0% 40.0% 18.2% Interviews and press conferences for the Colombia’s media 7.1% 3.2% 8.3% 0.0% 0.0% 14.3% 10.7% 13.3% 27.3% Other 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% *Significantly different between stakeholder groups 56 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2022: Colombia Appendix C: Indicator Questions as a Function of Exposure to the World Bank Group Currently, do you professionally collaborate/work with the World Bank Indicator Question Group in your country? Not collaborating with Collaborating with the the WBG WBG To what extent do you trust the World Bank Group to do what is right? 7.48 8.29 Overall the World Bank Group currently plays a relevant role in 7.02 8.55 development in Colombia The World Bank Group’s work is aligned with what I consider the 7.03 8.23 development priorities for Colombia Overall, please rate your impression of the World Bank(IBRD)’s 7.29 8.21 effectiveness in Colombia. Overall, please rate your impression of the IFC’s effectiveness in Colombia. 6.73 7.66 To what extent does the World Bank Group’s work help to achieve 7.13 8.55 development results in Colombia? To what extent does the World Bank Group influence the development 7.08 8.30 agenda in Colombia? Being inclusive (engaging with a wide range of stakeholders to ensure that 6.88 8.10 a variety of opinions are heard and considered) Being straightforward and honest 7.68 8.85 Providing access to WBG staff and global expertise 7.77 8.92 Being an effective facilitator and contributor to national policy dialogue 7.20 8.54 Being responsive to needs 6.96 8.26 Collaboration with civil society 6.86 7.84 Openness (sharing data, analysis, and other information) 7.77 8.49 Collaboration with other development partners 7.79 8.55 The World Bank Group reacts quickly to respond to client needs 6.87 7.77 The World Bank Group’s mix of financial instruments (i.e., investment lending, Development Policy Financing, Trust Funds, Program-for-Results, 7.59 8.54 guarantees, private sector investments) offered to Colombia meet the needs of the government and beneficiaries The World Bank Group meets Colombia’s needs for knowledge services (e.g., research, analysis, data, technical assistance, serving as a knowledge 7.39 8.68 broker) Are relevant to Colombia’s specific development challenges and country 7.71 8.25 circumstances Overall, how significant a contribution do you believe the World Bank Group's knowledge work makes to the development results in your 7.61 8.67 country? Overall, how would you rate the technical quality of the World Bank 8.25 8.74 Group's knowledge work and activities? Yellow highlight indicates significant difference between Yes and No means. 57 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2022: Colombia Appendix D: Methodology From March to May 2022, stakeholders of the WBG in Colombia were invited to provide their opinions on the WBG’s work in the country by participating in a Country Opinion Survey. Participants were drawn from the following groups: Office of the President; office of a Minister; Office of a member of Congress; employees of ministries/ministerial departments/implementation agencies; Project Management Units (PMUs) overseeing implementation of WBG projects; consultants/ contractors working on WBG-supported projects/programs; local government officials or staff; independent government institutions; the judicial system; state-owned enterprises; bilateral and multilateral agencies; private sector organizations; the financial sector/private banks; private foundations; NGOs and community-based organizations; professional/trade association; faith-based groups; youth groups; academia/research institutes/think tanks; and the media. Of the 1,420 stakeholders invited to participate, a total of 194 stakeholders completed the survey (14% response rate). Respondents received the questionnaire link via email and completed the questionnaire online. Every country that engages in the Country Opinion Survey (COS) must include specific indicator questions that will be aggregated for the World Bank Group’s annual Corporate Scorecard. These questions are identified throughout the survey report. Note that the body of the report presents data on selected questions of the survey questionnaire. Please refer to Appendix A for data on all survey questions. Appendices B and C present data on selected questions. Additional data breakdowns are available upon request. 58 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2022: Colombia Appendix D: Methodology (continued) The results of this year’s Country Survey were compared to those from the Country Survey conducted in FY’19 (response rate was 17%, N=200). Comparing responses across Country Surveys reflect changes in attitudes over time, but also changes in respondent samples and changes to the survey instrument itself. To reduce the influence of the latter factor, only those questions with similar response scales/options were analyzed. In FY’22, the increased outreach and subsequent numbers of survey respondents from civil society and private sector is to be commended but should be kept in mind when interpreting the results of the past year comparison analyses – some differences in the years comparisons analyses may be a result of differences in stakeholder compositions, not just changes over time. The original respondent samples from the FY’19 and FY’22 Country Surveys are listed in the table below. Distribution Percentage of Respondents FY 2019 FY 2022 Office of the President, Office of a Minister 4.0% 1.0% Office of a member of Congress 1.0% 1.5% Government Institutions (includes employees of ministries, PMUs/Consultants on WBG-supported 48.5% 37.6% projects, independent government institutions, and state-owned enterprises) Local Government 6.6% 0.5% Bilateral/Multilateral Agencies 8.6% 8.2% Civil Society (includes NGOs/CBOs, private foundations, faith-based groups, youth groups, and 13.6% 27.8% professional/trade associations) Private Sector (includes financial sector/private banks) 5.1% 9.3% Academia/Research Institute/Think Tank 8.6% 9.3% Media 3.5% 2.6% Other 0.5% 2.1% Total Number of Respondents 198 194 59 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2022: Colombia Appendix E: Comments report Main Question: E9. Overall, how significant a contribution do you believe the World Bank Group's knowledge work makes to the development results in your country? (See rank) Use WBG Stakeholder No Rank knowledge Follow-up: E10. Please elaborate on your answer and provide concrete examples, if possible. Main theme group products? 1 10 Yes Sivil Cociety Apoyo a infraestructura Specific Successful project 2 10 Yes Sivil Cociety APOYO A LA FINANCIACION DE PROYECTOS EN LOS GOBIERNOS NACIONALES DEPARTAMENTALES Y LOCALES. General positive comment Compromiso con la ganadería sostenible y apoyo a las metodologías, acciones y propuestas para disminuir GEI. Comprende las 3 10 Yes Private Sector Specific Successful project dinámicas relacionando el ambiente con los aspectos socioeconómicos y productivos de este importante sector. 4 10 Yes Private Sector Guías de buenas prácticas. Evaluaciones de sectores Specific Successful project 5 10 Yes Government La experiencia del Banco a nivel mundial, es sin duda lo que facilita los resultados en nuestro país General positive comment 6 10 Yes Private Sector La generación de documentos o apoyo de espacios técnicos que generan insumos para mejoras de políticas públicas General positive comment La labor de conocimientos del Grupo Banco Mundial contribuyen en gran medida a los resultados de desarrollo en el país porque cada uno de los programas que se llevan a cabo en Colombia comprenden un estudio y análisis detallado de las necesidades que se 7 10 Yes Private Sector presentan y las medidas necesarias para disminuir diferentes contingencias que generan desfavorabilidad y pobreza. La labor de Specific Successful project conocimientos del Banco Mundial se evidencia a través de programas de gestión fiscal y económica, integración social y económica, sostenibilidad, diagnósticos, análisis y estudios de finanzas. La transferencia de conocimientos por parte de organismos multilaterales como el Banco Mundial, han permitido implementar mejores prácticas de desarrollo social y económico en el país. Definitivamente la experiencia del Banco a nivel mundial, permite que 8 10 Yes Government General positive comment los procesos y estrategias de desarrollo exitosos en otros países, puedan ser implementados en Colombia a través de la intervención directa del Banco, o a través de recomendaciones de política para el Gobierno de turno 9 10 Yes Sivil Cociety Los informes temáticos son actuales y pertinentes, ej: cambio climático, riesgos, estadísticas generales. General positive comment 10 10 Yes Government Los sectores en los que se efectúan operaciones de crédito con el BIRF tienen un gran desarrollo y un avance significativo en el país. General positive comment 11 10 Yes Academia Metro de Bogota Specific Successful project 12 10 Yes Government Son fuente clara y confiable de información para la toma de decisiones General positive comment Todas las tareas del desarrollo requieren una base sólida de conocimiento. En ese sentido, poner los datos al servicio de todos, 13 10 Yes Academia someter la acción propia a una constante evaluación y dar a conocer el trabajo propio con honestidad sobre logros y fallas es General positive comment fundamental para avanzar en la tarea del desarrollo. El Banco Mundial soporta la financiación y asistencia técnica en diferentes aspectos. En el área de banca central se destaca la 14 9 Yes Government reciente revisión del FSAP. Valoramos adicionalmente el análisis macroeconómico que hace el equipo para Colombia. Tienen una Specific Successful project perspectiva diferente de los temas a lo que se accede a través de otros organismos internacionales 15 9 Yes Government En el intercambio de buenas prácticas y socialización de resultados a través de las misiones General positive comment 16 9 Yes Government publican resultados y experiencias que pueden servir de espejo para desarrollo en el pais General positive comment El Banco Mundial contribuyó con crédito desde 2002 hasta el 30 de junio de 2015 para que el Ministerio de Agricultura y Desarrollo Rural a través del Proyecto Apoyo Alianzas Productivas cofinanciara proyectos de inversión para estimular subproyectos de empresas rurales productivas agropecuarias y agroindustriales a lo largo de la vida del Proyecto de Alianzas Productivas se han cofinanciado 17 8 Yes Government 1.428 alianzas y se han visto beneficiados 85.751 pequeños productores rurales. Otro ejemplo es que el Banco Mundial contribuye Specific Successful project con mejorar las condiciones propicias para la planificación y gestión del paisaje sostenible y con bajas emisiones de carbono en las Áreas Específicas de la región de la Orinoquia. Apoyando la ejecución de la fase de asistencia técnica, capacitación y planeación del territorio a escala de paisajes, priorizados durante la fase de preparación. En las buenas practicas internacionales, como en materia de adquisiciones o contrataciones y en desarrollos de infraestructura 18 8 Yes Government Specific Successful project ejemplo el metro de Bogotá 19 8 Yes Sivil Cociety Es personal altamente capacitado, serio e imparcial Staff/Consultants Hago seguimiento a los programas y acciones del Grupo BM tratando de conocer sus alcances, resultados e impactos y conozco por 20 8 Yes Sivil Cociety experiencia propia haber trabajado con programas apoyados por el GBM en paz y desarrollo en subregiones de Montes de María y Specific Successful project Magdalena Medio. información sobre políticas públicas (diseño, impacto, referentes internacionales, buenas prácticas). índices de desempeño que 21 8 Yes Sivil Cociety General positive comment orientan las acciones de actores concretos. 22 8 Yes Sivil Cociety lo inportante es que tenga en cuenta las organizaciones de la sociedad civil Collaboration Los documentos, guías de buenas prácticas y financiación de la investigación local contribuyen al desarrollo de buenas prácticas adaptadas a nuestro contexto. Con IFC hemos financiado investigaciones sobre gobierno corporativo y el apoyo se ha traducido en 23 8 Yes Academia Specific Successful project generación de capacidades locales. Aproximadamente 10,000 ejemplares en circulación dan cuenta del impacto que se puede lograr en términos de difusión y sensibilización. 24 8 Yes Government Metodologías para la generación de indicadores y evauaciones Specific Successful project Ofrece imparcialidad y validez, es evidente la crítica ciudadana entorno a las cifras y datos oficiales, y emerge de forma continua una sensación de brecha entre la realidad presentada a nivel estadístico y lo referenciado por las comunidades y desde los territorios. De 25 8 Yes Sivil Cociety General positive comment esta manera, cuantas más fuentes para contrastar información, mayor posibilidad de acercarse a la realidad, de cara a la planeación y toma de decisiones. Considero que contribuye de manera significativa por ejemplo con el manejo de la crisis del Covid 19, los informes de desarrollo, y con 26 7 Yes Government General positive comment los datos y estadísticas que genera respecto a la situación del país. Debiera involucrar a las universidades, como objetivos para mejor preparación de los estudiantes en términos macros y micros 27 7 Yes Media Collaboration económicos mundiales 28 7 Yes Academia Es información respaldada con evidencia, pero con análisis corto y, a menudo, sesgado Mixed experience 29 5 Yes Academia Demasiada burocrático. Bureaucracy 30 5 Yes Academia Esos apoyos son demorados y no apuntan con efectividad a la solución de los proglemas Negative/Timeliness no se conocen ni las acciones, ni los resultados, tampoco sus impactos. la información fluye probablemente en grupos reducidos, de 31 5 No Sivil Cociety Communication interés temático 32 4 Yes Other aquí la corrupción, no deja avanzar todos los recurso se quedan entre los gobernantes no se ve el dinero las ayudas no se ven Negative/Corruption El nivel de desarrollo del país, con su violencia, corrupción, inequidad y falta de oportunidades, hace que las contribuciones de 33 4 Yes Sivil Cociety Negative/Corruption organismos como el Banco Mundial no tengan mucho impacto se desconoce su influencia en temas de desigualdad, no se ven genearando concoimiento a la población para evaluar su situación que 34 2 No Government Communication metas deberia tenerse como sociedad En general, desde mi conocimiento no muy amplio, considero que hay importantes aportes desde el banco a la investigación y al desarrollo del país, pero existe una actitud permisiva frente a la corrupción que el Banco sabe que corroe el país. El Banco debería sancionar a los gobiernos que claramente están vinculados a la corrupción, a delitos y al narcotráfico y sin embargo, no lo hace. La Don't 35 Yes Sivil Cociety mayor parte de los recursos que recibe el país se pierden en la corrupción y el Banco no toma medidas frente a ello. El el caso de los Mixed experience know proyectos dirigidos a las organizaciones de la sociedad civil, que sí son mas efectivos y tienen resultados, hay mayor control, lo cual está bien, pero se debe revisar esto con el sector público para que las grandes inversiones tengan efectos verdaderos. La investigación se debe dirigir especialmente a las universidades públicas, pero también, vigilando la corrupción, que es muy grande. 60 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2022: Colombia Appendix E: Comments report (continued) Main Question: E11. Overall, how would you rate the technical quality of the World Bank Group's knowledge work and activities? (See Rank) Use WBG Stakeholder No Rank knowledge Follow-up: E12. Please elaborate on your answer and provide concrete examples, if possible. Main theme group products? Calidad en los conceptos, notas metodológicas y ejemplos de expericncias similares. Especificamente en elacopañamiento del 1 10 Yes Private Sector diseño de la muestra estadística, los cálculos de GEI, la metodología para cuantificación de balance de emisiones de carbono, Specific Successful project cálculo del índice de biodiversidad y la evaluación d eimpaco.. 2 10 Yes Private Sector Colombia Financial sector assessment program Specific Successful project 3 10 Yes Government el Banco siempre ha estado a la vanguardia de la innovación lo que repercute en su amplio conocimiento General positive comment El conocimiento que tiene el equipo del BIRF de otras experiencias exitosas a nivel mundial hace que ofrezcan alternativas más 4 10 Yes Government General positive comment favorables en el desarrollo de los proyectos y programas que se estructuren en el país Excelente. Los cursos que proporcionan son actuales, las plataformas digitales son de un uso lógico y facil. Proporcionan 5 10 Yes Government General positive comment recursos útiles para las investigaciones de políticas públicas o proyectos. Las razones de la calificación como "calidad técnica muy alta" se enmarcan en los resultados que presenta el Banco Mundial. Se evidencia en el desarrollo de programas y en los estudios realizados que el Banco Mundial se ha esforzado por profundizar cada 6 10 Yes Private Sector vez mas en diferentes zonas y sectores del país con el fin de brindar un mayor alcance con sus actividades y programas. Un Specific Successful project ejemplo puntual de la calidad técnica de la labor y actividades de conocimientos del Grupo Banco Mundial es la elaboración de informes de revisión de finanzas públicas en Colombia. 7 10 Yes Sivil Cociety Lo que consulto que se refiere a temas de medio ambiente son de calidad alta. Specific Successful project de que sirve que envien recursos para sostenimiento de emigrantes si ayudan a uno pocos por mostrar qeus is ayudaron pero 8 10 Yes Other Negative comment vuelvo y escribo Actividades como ella dinero se pierde o estructuración decomienzan hacer algo y dejan líneas de financiamiento, las obras apoyo inconclusas a iniciativas para la superación de la pobreza o de lucha 9 10 Yes Government contra el cambio climático, han permitido reducir la desigualdad social existente en el país. Además, el apoyo en las iniciativas Specific Successful project 10 10 Yes Government Permite replicar proyectos exitosos a nivel mundial y fortalecer otros de acuerdo a experiencias internacionales. General positive comment 11 10 Yes Sivil Cociety Proyectos bien formulados y de alto impacto General positive comment 12 10 Yes Government Cuenta con personal idóneo apto y con la actitud de servir y ayudar. Staff/Consultants 13 10 Yes Government Cuentan con un equipo altamente calificado que respalda la calidad de los contenidos y de los resultados de investigación. Staff/Consultants 14 10 Yes Government El personal en su formación y desempeño tiene una gran calidad técnica y un gran compromiso con el trabajo que realiza. Staff/Consultants LOS PROFESIONALES TIENEN AMPLIOS CONOCIMIENTOS DE LOS TEMAS Y SUPERAN LAS INCERTIDUMBRES A LOS 15 10 Yes Sivil Cociety PARTICIPANTES COMO POR EJEMPLO EL FUTURO DE LAS FINANZAS PUBLICAS EN UN ENTE TERRITORIAL LLAMESE Staff/Consultants DEPARTAMENTO DISTRITO O MUNICIPIO. Los profesionales, consultores, directivos y especialistas tienen un gran nivel de experiencia, conocen los procedimientos y 16 10 Yes Government modelos, aportan a la formulación e implementación de políticas públicas, y están en la capacidad de participar en procesos de Staff/Consultants sostenibilidad y gestión del conocimiento 17 9 Yes Government Apoyo técnico y financiero en los diferentes proyectos de los diferentes sectores ya sean cofinanciados parcial o totalmente General positive comment 18 9 Yes Government en las visitas a terreno General positive comment 19 9 Yes Sivil Cociety El informe sobre el desarrollo mundial ha sido un clásico en materia de economia y desarrollo, imperdible lectura Specific Successful project En el marco del proyecto que estamos trabajando en conjunto con el BM considero que las capacidades técnicas de los 20 9 Yes Government Staff/Consultants profesionales que nos han acompañado son muy buenas y han permitido una mejor ejecución del proyecto. 21 9 Yes Government Los profesionales del Banco tienen gran calidad técnica, la cual esta comparten cuando se les requiere Staff/Consultants Durante 27 años consecutivos hice el cubrimiento periodístico de las reuniones anuales conjuntas del BM y del FMI y ahí entendí 22 8 Yes Media que la economía no es una actividad parroquial sino global. Eso no lo entiendo ni lo sabe interpretar adecuadamente el público. Communication Es una labor pendiente del Banco Mundial. 23 8 Yes Academia Buena calidad académica y acceso a fuentes de información actualizada General positive comment Apoyamos un MDTF en temas de catastro multiproposito e implementación de politicas de desarrollo rural incluidas en el acuerdo de paz. Algunas respuestas del BM han sido muy efectivas, pero otras no se adaptan facilmente a los cambios o 24 8 Yes Bilateral Agency Mixed experience necesidades de las instituciones públicas receptoras. Los trámites del BM ha sido engorrosos en algunos casos y han tomado mucho tiempo en ejecutar los recursos de cooperación internacional. La presencia de funcionarios del BM y del Gobierno de Colombia en Montes de María y otros Programas de Desarrollo y Paz durante el desarrollo de programas y proyectos (Paz y Desarrollo) generó interacciones y aprendizajes que permitieron construir capacidades locales (Participación, cohesión social, fortalecimiento del capital humano, productividad, competitividad, rendición de cuentas, transparencia, relaciones de confianza y reconstrucción de tejido social) procurando mayor articulación y 25 8 Yes Sivil Cociety Specific Successful project complementariedad de acciones con otros actores territoriales en clave de desarrollo sostenible (Municipios, sector privado, organizaciones de base). Con respecto a la asistencia técnica para fortalecer los procesos de gestión de riesgos del sector agropecuario, la publicación realizada permitió a las organizaciones agropecuarias del departamento del Atlántico (Citriatlántico, Agrel, gobernación del Atlántico), comprender mejor la orientación de la política para proteger activos y prevenir riesgos." en el ámbito del apoyo a finanzas públicas y de ciudades sostenibles cuenta con consultores y staff por lo general muy 26 8 Yes Government Staff/Consultants especializado y conocedor de las tematicas 27 8 Yes Academia En materia de gobierno corporativo existe un gran conocimiento y un apoyo importante al ecosistema local. Staff/Consultants 28 8 Yes Government Expertos sectoriales en temas claves de desarrollo Staff/Consultants 29 8 Yes Government Muy profesionales en la gestión y transparencia. Staff/Consultants 30 8 Yes Sivil Cociety Pertinentes, adecuadas, cualificadas y con liderazgo Staff/Consultants 31 7 Yes Sivil Cociety Tienen un equipo humano muy competente, tal vez falta mayor difusión de sus proyectos y aportes de desarrollo a nivel mundial Communication 32 6 Yes Academia No existe un conocimiento de los problemas particulares que afectan a cada país Negative comment 33 5 Yes Academia Demasiada Burocracia. Bureaucracy 34 3 Yes Media Falta estrategia de Comunicación más amplia y efectiva Communication Se requiere mayor conocimiento de los retos territoriales y forzar más al estado para que en los proyectos haya participación en 35 3 No Sivil Cociety el antes durante y en la evaluación de todos los proyectos de las organizaciones sociales, comunitarias independiente de la Mixed experience definición política que tengan Don't falta mayor divulgación al público en general de la labor del Banco en Colombia, yo tengo conocimiento muy limitado sobre el 36 No Sivil Cociety Communication know tema de medio ambiente. Con honestidad digo que no sé y por ello he recurrido a buscar en internet. Se de proyectos de ganadería sostenible que podrían tener amplio impacto, pero que son desarrollados por los mismos gremios que deforestan la Amazonía, entonces son contradictorios. El Banco hace una inversión gigantesca en Colombia, mucha de la cual se pierde por la corrupción. El apoyo al Don't proceso de paz, a la crisis migratoria y la respuesta al COVID han sido muy importantes (eso si lo se), pero igual, se desdibujan 37 Yes Sivil Cociety Mixed experience know muchas cosas por la corrupción del sector público y el banco debería escuchar todas las denuncias que hay al respecto. Las políticas migratorias y el apoyo para la reducción de la pobreza, deberían centrarse no solo en atender la crisis humanitaria sino en generar empleo digno y duradero, incentivar arribo de empresas y fomentar emprendimientos locales para que haya una real inserción laboral. Eso en la práctica no se ve y por ello los migrantes están ahondando la situación de miseria del país. 61 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2022: Colombia Appendix F: Colombia FY22 COS Questionnaire World Bank Group Country Survey FY 2022 – Colombia The World Bank Group is interested in gauging the views of clients and partners who are either involved in development in Colombia or who observe activities related to social and economic development. The following survey will give the World Bank Group’s team that works in Colombia, greater insight into how the Bank’s work is perceived. This is one tool the World Bank Group uses to assess the views of its stakeholders, and to develop more effective strategies that support development in Colombia. A local independent firm has been hired to oversee the logistics of this survey. This ensures anonymity and confidentiality. We hope you’ll be candid. Finally, the survey relates to the World Bank Group’s work. The World Bank Group consists of IBRD, IDA, IFC, MIGA, and ICSID. When responding to the survey, please consider the area of the World Bank Group with which you are most familiar. To complete the survey, please circle/check the response that most accurately reflects your opinion. We ask you to please answer all questions on the very first page. If you prefer not to answer any question on other pages, please leave it blank. If you feel that you do not have an adequate amount of information on a subject, please check “Don’t know”. PLEASE NOTE: IN SOME CASES THE SURVEY WILL ASK FOR A SPECIFIC NUMBER OF RESPONSES. PLEASE DO NOT CHOOSE ANY MORE THAN REQUESTED. IF MORE RESPONSES ARE CHOSEN, DATA CANNOT BE INCLUDED IN ANALYSIS. 62 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2022: Colombia BACKGROUND INFORMATION Which of the following best describes your current affiliation? (Select only 1 response) 1 Office of the President 12 Private Sector Organization 2 Office of a Minister 13 Financial Sector/Private Bank 3 Office of a member of Parliament/Legislative body 14 Private Foundation Employee of Ministry, Ministerial Department, 4 15 NGO/Community Based Organization Implementation Agency Project Management Unit (PMU) overseeing implementation of WBG project/ 5 16 Professional/Trade association Consultant/Contractor working on WBG supported project/program 6 Local Government Office or Staff 17 Faith-Based Group Independent Government Institution (i.e., regulatory 7 18 Youth Group agency, central bank/oversight institution) 8 Judicial System (e.g., courts) 19 Academia/Research Institute/Think Tank 9 State-Owned Enterprise 20 Media (press, radio, TV, web, etc.) 10 Bilateral Agency (e.g., embassy, diplomatic, military) 21 Other (please specify): _____________________ 11 Multilateral Agency (UN, regional development bank) Currently, do you professionally collaborate/work with the World Bank Group (IBRD, IFC, MIGA, ICSID) in your country? (If you answered NO to this question, please proceed to the next page) 1 Yes 2 No If yes, which of the following agencies of the World Bank Group do you primarily collaborate in Colombia? (Select only 1 response) 1 The World Bank (IBRD) 2 The International Finance Corporation (IFC) 3 The Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency (MIGA) 4 International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes (ICSID) 63 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2022: Colombia SECTION A: OVERALL CONTEXT A1. In general, would you say that Colombia is headed in ... ? 1 The right direction 2 The wrong direction 3 Not sure A2. Do you think that economic opportunity for citizens in Colombia is … ? 1 Increasing 2 Decreasing 3 Staying about the same A3. Please identify which of the following development priorities you consider the most important in Colombia. (Choose no more than 5, in order of priority) Reduce economic and social inequality across 1 Effective response to the COVID-19 pandemic 12 population groups and regions Upgrade basic economic infrastructure (transport, Facilitate the economic and social integration of 2 13 water and sanitation, etc.) Venezuelan migrants Provide enabling conditions for private sector Advance on the implementation of the peace development (e.g., trade, access to markets, 3 14 process (rural development, land regularization, business regulation, reduce cost of formal etc.) employment, etc.) Improve access to clean, reliable, and affordable Provide access to affordable and good quality 4 15 energy education for all Improved access to affordable and fast internet 5 16 Provide access to the formal job market and cellphone connections Strengthen public sector management (improving 6 Halt deforestation and protect biodiversity 17 efficiency, accountability, and transparency) Conduct fiscal reforms that safeguard public 7 Combat crime and violence 18 finance stability and improve equity Improve social protection (e.g., pensions, targeted Fight corruption and strengthen accountability 8 19 social assistance) mechanisms Increase trade and global and regional economic Enhance equality of opportunity (i.e., social 9 20 integration inclusion) Improve access to affordable and good quality Close the gender gap on economic opportunities, 10 21 health care social support, and political representation Address effects of climate change and reducing 11 22 Enhance market competition greenhouse gas emissions 64 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2022: Colombia SECTION A: OVERALL CONTEXT A4. When economic and/or social reform efforts fail or are slow to take place in Colombia, which of the following would you attribute this to? (Choose no more than 2) 1 Inadequate conditions for private sector development 2 Limited market competition 3 Limited firm capabilities and innovation 4 Inadequate administrative and management capacity in the government (at national and/or subnational level) 5 Inadequate citizen/civil society participation in economic policy making 6 Pressure from interest groups 7 Corruption 8 Inadequate checks and balances in government (lack of transparency and accountability) 9 Slow and burdensome political and administrative processes 10 Other (please specify): ________________________________________ A5. To what extent, do you trust each of the following groups to do what is right? To no degree To a very significant Don't at all degree know 1 The national government 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10  2 Congress 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10  3 Subnational governments (departmental and municipal) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10  4 Central Bank (“Banco de la Republica”) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10  5 Institutions implementing the peace accord 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10  6 Domestic private firms 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10  7 Private sector organizations (“gremios”) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10  8 International companies present in Colombia 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10  9 The World Bank Group 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10  10 The United Nations (UN) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10  11 Regional development banks 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10  12 International civil society (e.g., NGOs, CBOs) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10  13 Domestic civil society (e.g., NGOs, CBOs) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10  14 Youth organizations 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10  15 Faith-based institutions 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10  Domestic traditional media and their web presence (e.g., 16 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10  newspapers, TV stations, radio) 17 International media and their web presence 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10  Web based media (i.e., blogs, social media, other web- 18 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10  based news, and information sources) 65 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2022: Colombia SECTION B: OVERALL ATTITUDES TOWARD THE WORLD BANK GROUP B1. How familiar are you with the work of these organizations in Colombia? Not familiar Extremely at all familiar 1 The World Bank (IBRD) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 The International Finance Corporation (IFC), the World 2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Bank Group’s private sector arm 3 The Inter-American Development Bank (IDB/BID) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 4 The Latin American Development Bank (CAF) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 To what extent do you agree/disagree with the following statements about the World Bank Group’s work in Colombia? Strongly Strongly Don't disagree agree know Overall, the World Bank Group currently plays a B2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10  relevant role in development in Colombia The World Bank Group’s work is aligned with what I B3 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10  consider the development priorities for Colombia B4. Overall, please rate your impression of the effectiveness of these organizations in Colombia. Not effective Very Don't at all effective know 1 The World Bank (IBRD) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10  The International Finance Corporation (IFC), the World 2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10  Bank Group’s private sector arm 3 The Inter-American Development Bank (IDB/BID) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10  4 The Latin American Development Bank (CAF) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10  B5. To what extent does the World Bank Group’s work help to achieve development results in Colombia? 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10  To no degree at To a very Don't know all significant degree B6. To what extent does the World Bank Group influence the development agenda in Colombia? 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10  To no degree at To a very Don't know all significant degree 66 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2022: Colombia SECTION B: OVERALL ATTITUDES TOWARD THE WORLD BANK GROUP B7. To what extent do you believe that the World Bank Group’s work and support help the poorest in Colombia? (Select only 1 response) 1 To a fully sufficient degree 2 To a somewhat sufficient degree 3 To a somewhat insufficient degree 4 To a very insufficient degree 5 Don’t know B8. When thinking about the World Bank Group’s role in Colombia, which activity do you VALUE the most? (Choose no more than 2) 1 Support to designing policy reforms 2 Support to policy/project implementation 3 Bring together different groups of stakeholders to build consensus behind reforms 4 Mobilize third party financial resources 5 Global advocacy 6 Analytical work and contributions to the national policy dialogues 7 Donor coordination 8 Financial resources 9 Data and statistics 10 Build capacity through projects and technical assistance 11 Bring global expertise and good practices to Colombia 12 Share Colombia’s development experiences with other countries 13 Other (please specify): ________________________ 67 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2022: Colombia SECTION B: OVERALL ATTITUDES TOWARD THE WORLD BANK GROUP B9. When thinking about how the World Bank Group can have the most impact on development results in Colombia, which sectors do you believe the World Bank Group should prioritize with its resources (financial and knowledge services) in Colombia? (Choose no more than 5) Strengthen public sector management (improving Reduce economic and social inequality across 1 12 efficiency, accountability, and transparency) population groups and regions Increase trade and global and regional economic Enhance equality of opportunity (i.e., social 2 13 integration inclusion) Upgrade basic economic infrastructure (transport, Facilitate the economic and social integration of 3 14 water and sanitation, etc.) Venezuelan migrants Improve access to clean, reliable, and affordable Provide access to affordable and good quality 4 15 energy education for all Improved access to affordable and fast internet 5 16 Provide access to the formal job market and cellphone connections Provide enabling conditions for private sector Address effects of climate change and reducing development (e.g., trade, access to markets, 6 17 greenhouse gas emissions business regulation, reduce cost of formal employment, etc.) Conduct fiscal reforms that safeguard public 7 Combat crime and violence 18 finance stability and improve equity Improve social protection (e.g., pensions, targeted Fight corruption and strengthen accountability 8 19 social assistance) mechanisms Advance on the implementation of the peace 9 process (rural development, land regularization, 20 Effective response to the COVID-19 pandemic etc.) Improve access to affordable and good quality Close the gender gap on economic opportunities, 10 21 health care social support, and political representation 11 Enhance market competition 22 Halt deforestation and protect biodiversity B10. What do you immediately think of when you hear about the IFC? (Choose no more than 3) 1 Impact investor 10 Investment bank 2 World Bank 11 Multi-lateral financial institution 3 Venture capital 12 Financial advisory solutions 4 Development institution 13 Public-private partnerships 5 Creating markets 14 Private capital mobilization 6 Innovation and entrepreneurship 15 None of the above 7 Private sector solutions 16 Don’t know 8 Thought leader 17 Other (please specify): ____________________ 9 Asset manager 68 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2022: Colombia SECTION C: WORLD BANK GROUP’S WORK AND ENGAGEMENT ON THE GROUND C1. To what extent do you believe the World Bank Group’s staff is well prepared (e.g., skills mix and knowledge) to help Colombia solve its most complicated development challenges? 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10  To no degree at To a very Don't know all significant degree To what extent is the World Bank Group an effective development partner in Colombia, in terms of each of the following? To no degree To a very significant Don't at all degree know Maximizing finance for development (or MDF) (is the World Bank Group’s approach to systematically C2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10  leverage all sources of finance, expertise, and solutions to support developing countries’ sustainable growth ) Being inclusive (engaging with a wide range of C3 stakeholders to ensure that a variety of opinions are 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10  heard and considered) C4 Being straightforward and honest 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10  C5 Providing access to WBG staff and global expertise 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10  Being an effective facilitator and contributor to C6 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10  national policy dialogue C7 Being responsive to needs 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10  C8 Collaboration with civil society 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10  Openness (sharing data, analysis, and other C9 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10  information) C10 Collaboration with other development partners 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10  C11 Collaboration with humanitarian partners 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10  69 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2022: Colombia SECTION C: WORLD BANK GROUP’S WORK AND ENGAGEMENT ON THE GROUND To what extent do you agree/disagree with the following statements? Strongly Strongly Don't disagree agree know The World Bank Group reacts quickly to respond to C12 client needs 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10  The World Bank Group’s approvals and reviews are C13 done in a timely fashion 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10  The World Bank Group’s conditions on its lending are C14 reasonable 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10  C15 The World Bank Group disburses funds promptly 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10  The World Bank Group’s Environmental and Social C16 Framework requirements are reasonable 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10  The World Bank Group’s focus on accountability C17 through its lending (e.g., performance-based 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10  financing/resources tied to results) is adequate The World Bank Group provides adequate supervision C18 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10  to its operations on the ground C19 The World Bank Group measures results effectively 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10  Working with the World Bank Group increases C20 Colombia’s institutional capacity 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10  To what extent do you agree/disagree with the following statements about the World Bank Group in Colombia? Strongly Strongly Don't disagree agree know The World Bank Group’s mix of financial instruments (i.e., investment lending, Development Policy Financing, Trust Funds, Program-for-Results, C21 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10  guarantees, private sector investments) offered to Colombia meet the needs of the government and beneficiaries The World Bank Group meets Colombia’s needs for C22 knowledge services (e.g., research, analysis, data, 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10  technical assistance, serving as a knowledge broker) C23. To what extent do you believe that Colombia received value for money from the World Bank Group’s Reimbursable Advisory Services (RAS)? 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10  To no degree at To a very Don't know all significant degree 70 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2022: Colombia SECTION C: WORLD BANK GROUP’S WORK AND ENGAGEMENT ON THE GROUND C24. How important is the World Bank Group’s global advocacy role in areas such as climate, health, gender, citizen engagement, and mobilizing private sector capital for development? 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10  Not important Very important Don't know at all C25. In which of the following areas do you believe the World Bank Group should provide most of its resources when it comes to providing support to the migration crisis in Colombia? (Choose no more than 2) 1 Access to finance 2 Macro issues (fiscal accounts, balance of payments, etc.) 3 Social cohesion among migrants and host communities 4 Infrastructure 5 Health 6 Business development opportunities 7 Combatting xenophobia 8 Jobs 9 Education 10 Supporting poor and marginalized local host communities 11 Other (please specify): ______________________________________________ 12 Don’t know 71 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2022: Colombia SECTION D: WORLD BANK GROUP’S SUPPORT IN DEVELOPMENT AREAS D1. How EFFECTIVE do you believe the World Bank Group is in terms of the work it does in the following areas of development in Colombia? (If you have NO exposure to/experience in working in any of the sectors listed below, please respond “Don’t know”) Not effective Very Don't at all effective know Social protection (e.g., pensions, targeted social 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10  assistance) 2 Agriculture and rural development 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10  Public sector governance (i.e., government effectiveness, 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10  public financial management, judiciary, etc.) Poverty reduction and equality of opportunity (i.e., social 4 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10  inclusion, gender equality) 5 Health, nutrition, and population 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10  6 Private sector development 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10  7 Climate change (e.g., mitigation, adaptation) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10  8 Transparency and anti-corruption 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10  9 Energy and mining 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10  10 Jobs and labor markets 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10  11 Digital development 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10  12 Disaster risk management and resilience 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10  13 Water and sanitation 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10  14 Macroeconomic and fiscal stability 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10  Environment and natural resource management 15 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10  (forestry, “blue economy”, etc.) 16 Urban development and land 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10  17 Transport (roads, railways, etc.) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10  18 Trade and global/regional integration 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10  19 Financial markets 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10  20 Peace, crime, and violence 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10  72 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2022: Colombia SECTION E: WORLD BANK GROUP’S KNOWLEDGE WORK AND ACTIVITIES (i.e., analysis, studies, research, data, reports, conferences) E1. How frequently do you consult World Bank Group’s knowledge products in the work you do? 1 Weekly 2 Monthly 3 A few times a year 4 Rarely 5 Never E2. Please specify how you access those knowledge products? (Select all that apply) World Bank Group’s publications and other 1 5 World Bank Group’s website written materials Webinars or online events hosted by the World Bank 2 World Bank Group’s blogs and videos 6 Group World Bank Group’s social media (Facebook, 3 Twitter) 7 Other (please specify): ____________________ 4 e-Newsletters In Colombia, to what extent do you believe that the World Bank Group’s knowledge work and activities: To no degree To a very significant Don't at all degree know E3 Are timely 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10  Include appropriate level of stakeholder involvement E4 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10  during preparation Are source of relevant information on global good E5 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10  practices E6 Are adequately disseminated 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10  E7 Are translated enough into local language 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10  Are relevant to Colombia’s specific development E8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10  challenges and country circumstances 73 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2022: Colombia SECTION E: WORLD BANK GROUP’S KNOWLEDGE WORK AND ACTIVITIES (i.e., analysis, studies, research, data, reports, conferences) E9. Overall, how significant a contribution do you believe the World Bank Group's knowledge work makes to the development results in your country? 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10  Not significant at all Very significant Don't know E10. Please elaborate on your answer and provide concrete examples, if possible. 74 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2022: Colombia SECTION E: WORLD BANK GROUP’S KNOWLEDGE WORK AND ACTIVITIES (i.e., analysis, studies, research, data, reports, conferences) E11. Overall, how would you rate the technical quality of the World Bank Group's knowledge work and activities? 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10  Very low technical Very high technical Don't know quality quality E12. Please elaborate on your answer and provide concrete examples, if possible. 75 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2022: Colombia SECTION F: THE FUTURE ROLE OF THE WORLD BANK GROUP IN COLOMBIA F1. Which of the following SHOULD the WBG do to improve its advice and guidance in Colombia? (Choose no more than 3) 1 Be more responsive to changing country needs 2 Provide more real-time advice and guidance 3 Be more sensitive toward political and social realities 4 Be faster in its response 5 More dissemination of its work 6 Incorporate more innovative technologies into its work and support 7 Be more willing to criticize government policies and reform efforts 8 Provide more adequate data/knowledge/statistics on your country’s economy 9 Be less influenced by developed countries and their priorities Increase emphasis on developing Colombia’s analytical capacity (in government and independent research 10 institutions) 11 Increase the level of country specific expertise 12 Increase emphasis on analytics and policy for private sector development 13 Other (please specify): _________________________________________________ F2. In addition to its regular relations, which THREE of the following should the World Bank Group collaborate with more in Colombia? (Choose no more than 3) 1 Media 8 The executive branch 2 Private sector organizations (“gremios”) 9 Subnational government 3 Private firms 10 Youth/university groups 4 Beneficiaries 11 Donor community 5 Academia/think tanks/research institutes 12 NGOs/Community Based Organizations 6 Faith-based organizations 13 Other (please specify): _____________________ 7 Congress 14 Don’t know F3. Which THREE areas below would benefit most from the World Bank Group’s support to help ensure that Colombia has fair and equitable access to the vaccines necessary to alter the course of the COVID-19 pandemic? (Choose no more than 3) 1 Support the distribution of vaccines 2 Help to strengthen the national health system 3 Support community and stakeholder engagement to address misinformation and stigma 4 Support the national development of vaccines 5 Assess country’s readiness for vaccine distribution 6 Training health workers 7 Support the purchase of vaccines 8 Other (please specify): ________________________________________ 76 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2022: Colombia SECTION G: COMMUNICATION AND INFORMATION SHARING G1. Which would you say are your MAIN sources of news about economic and social development issues in Colombia? (Choose no more than 3) 1 Local television 9 Websites/apps of local radio companies 2 International television 10 Websites/apps of international radio companies 3 Local radio news programs or bulletins 11 Websites/apps of local newspapers/magazines Websites/apps of international newspapers/ 4 International radio news programs or bulletins 12 magazines Social media (e.g., Facebook, Twitter, YouTube, 5 Printed local newspapers 13 Telegram, TikTok) 6 Printed local periodicals 14 Blogs 7 Websites/apps of local TV 15 Other (please specify): ____________________ 8 Websites/apps of international TV G2. How would you prefer to obtain information about the World Bank Group and its work? (Choose no more than 3) World Bank Group’s publications and other 1 7 World Bank’s website written materials 2 e-Newsletters 8 IFC’s website World Bank Group’s seminars/workshops/ Webinars or online events hosted by the World Bank 3 9 conferences Group Interviews and press conferences for the Colombia’s 4 World Bank Group’s blogs 10 media 5 World Bank Group’s social media Direct contact with World Bank Group (i.e., face 11 Other (please specify): ____________________ 6 to face meetings/discussions) G3. What do you use primarily when visiting a World Bank Group website? (Select only 1 response) 1 Mobile 2 Computer/laptop 3 I never visit the WBG websites 77 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2022: Colombia SECTION G: COMMUNICATION AND INFORMATION SHARING G4. Over the past SIX MONTHS, on average how often did you do any of the following related to the World Bank Group (WBG)? Every few Every few Every few Not days weeks months at all Read, viewed or heard a story about the WBG in local media 1     (newspaper, magazine, TV, radio) Read, viewed or heard a story about the WBG in global media 2     (newspaper, magazine, TV, radio) Interacted with the WBG on Social Media (e.g., read a post or 3     tweet, liked, commented, shared, retweeted) 4 Visited a WBG website (e.g., read a blog, used data)     5 Attended an event/conference hosted by the WBG     Attended/participated in a webinar or online event hosted by the 6     WBG 7 Read some or all of a WBG research paper or publication     8 Was interviewed or contacted by a WBG staff     9 Read a WBG e-newsletter     78 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2022: Colombia SECTION H: BACKGROUND INFORMATION H1. Please identify the primary specialization of your work. (Select only 1 response) 1 Poverty 13 Agriculture, rural development 2 Macroeconomics, fiscal management 14 Urban development 3 Governance, anti-corruption 15 Transport 4 Education 16 Digital development and technology (ICT) 5 Health, nutrition 17 Tourism 6 Social protection 18 Fragility, conflict, violence, refugees 7 Jobs 19 Demographics, migration 8 Energy 20 Trade and competitiveness 9 Environment, natural resources 21 Finance and markets 10 Climate change 22 Communications, public affairs 11 Water, sanitation 23 Generalist (specialized in multiple sectors) 12 Gender 24 Other (please specify): ____________________ H2. What’s your gender? 1 Female 2 Male H3. Within your organization, would you describe yourself as …. 1 Junior level 2 Mid-level staff 3 Mid-level decision-maker / manager 4 Senior level H4. What’s your age? 1 25 and under 2 26-35 3 36-45 4 46-55 5 56 and above H5. Which best represents your geographic location? 1 Bogota 2 Cali 3 Medellin 4 The Caribbean Region 5 Other parts of the country Thank you for completing the survey! 79