Atlas of Sustainable Development Goals 2018: From World Development Indicators

The maps, charts, and analyses in this Atlas of Sustainable Development Goals 2017 are intended to present data trends and comparisons in an accessible and visually appealing way. Given the breadth and scope of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), the editors have been selective, emphasizing issues considered key by experts in the World Bank’s Global Practices and Cross-Cutting Solution Areas. The data draw on the World Development Indicators (WDI) database, the World Bank’s compilation of internationally comparable statistics about global development and the quality of people’s lives. For each of the 17 SDGs, relevant indicators have been chosen to illustrate important trends and challenges, and highlight measurement issues. The data draw on the World Development Indicators (WDI) database, the World Bank’s compilation of internationally comparable statistics about global development and the quality of people’s lives. For each of the 17 SDGs, relevant indicators have been chosen to illustrate important trends and challenges, and highlight measurement issues. New indicators have been added to the WDI database to better reflect coverage of specific goals and targets. In some cases, for example, where country or temporal coverage is limited, supplementary data from other databases or published studies have been used. But for some targets, there may be no reliable data to use for comparisons between countries or to measure progress. Physical infrastructure continues to expand, but so too does population, so that urban housing and rural access to roads remain challenges, particularly in Sub-Saharan Africa. Meanwhile the institutional infrastructure of development strengthens, with more reliable government budgeting and foreign direct investment recovering from the financial crisis. Official development assistance, however, continues to fall short of target levels.


Foreword
The 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) represent the world's most ambitious plan to promote the sustainable development of our people and planet-and are fully aligned with the World Bank Group's twin goals to end extreme poverty and build shared prosperity in a sustainable manner.
Achieving the SDGs by 2030 will require more and better financing, a renewed focus on implementation to improve the lives of those hardest to reach, and significant improvements in data collection and analysis.
The World Bank Group's country-led pro- The source line includes the individuals and organizations responsible for producing the data.
In figures the title tells the story; the subtitle contains the name of the indicator shown, its units, and the years the data presented cover.
The SDG target to which a figure relates is indicated here.A complete list of goals and targets starts on page 70.

Introduction
The World Bank is one of the world's largest producers of development data and research.
But our responsibility does not stop with making these global public goods available; we need to make them understandable to cesses have shown us that countries have a strong desire to meet the objectives of the 2030 Agenda, and as a result, our support for this work continues to grow.The professionals in our sectoral global practices already possess deep knowledge of and experience in regard to all 17 of the SDGs.That expertise is reflected in this Atlas of Sustainable Development Goals 2018, which presents a visual guide to key trends and the issues that surround them.It aims to help us better understand progress on the SDGs and to aid policy makers engaging with them in their everyday work.This Atlas would not be possible without the efforts of statisticians and data scientists working in national and international agencies around the world.By quantifying our work, they help shape development interventions and approaches so that we can all make better decisions about our lives and the resources we manage.The Atlas draws on the World Bank Group's World Development Indicators, a database of more than 1,400 indicators for more than 220 economies, many going back over 50 years.It also explores new data from scientists and researchers where standards for measuring SDG targets are still being developed.Data are critical for decision making and accountability.While analysis of big data is commonplace in the private sector, similar techniques can be adopted by development professionals to gain real-time insights into people's well-being and to better target aid interventions for vulnerable groups.Ultimately, the purpose of managing data in this way is to produce measurable resultsimproved resilience to economic, environmental, and humanitarian shocks; more jobs and opportunities; and improved education, health, nutrition, and gender equality-while leaving no one behind.The SDGs have energized our efforts to work with partners to reach these ambitious targets-and this Atlas provides the type of knowledge we need to most effi ciently direct our efforts to achieve them .were provided by the Offi ce of the Senior Vice President for the 2030 Development Agenda, United Nations Relations, and Partnerships, particularly Farida Aboulmagd, Mike Kelleher, and Marco Scuriatti.The report benefi ted from comments and suggestions from David Rosenblatt of the Development Economics Operations and Strategy Unit.Bruno Bonansea provided guidance on maps.Michael Harrup, Jewel McFadden, and Yaneisy Martinez oversaw printing and distribution.A team at Communications Development Incorporated-led by Bruce Ross-Larson and including Joe Caponio, Christopher Trott, and Elaine Wilson-managed the design, editing, and layout.Jomo Tariku managed the print and digital publication process, designed the cover, and produced promotional materials with David Mariano.Lisa Burke provided administrative support.Malarvizhi Veerappan led the systems team managing data from which much of this publication draws.The authors are grateful to the communities behind the multiple open-source software packages used to develop this publication.In particular, the authors relied heavily on the R statistical computing environment, the ggplot2 data visualization library, and the QGIS geographic information system software.v About the Atlas The Atlas of Sustainable Development Goals 2018 presents maps, charts, and stories related to the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).It discusses trends, comparisons, and measurement issues using accessible and shareable data visualizations.The data draw on the World Development Indicators (WDI) database-the World Bank's compilation of internationally comparable statistics about global development and the quality of people's lives.For each of the SDGs, relevant indicators have been chosen to illustrate important ideas.In some cases -for example, those in which country or temporal coverage is limitedsupplementary data from other databases or published studies have been used.For some targets, there may be no reliable data to use for comparisons between countries or to measure progress.The cutoff date for data included in this edition is March 30, 2018.The 2018 Atlas uses two primary methods for classifying and aggregating countries and economies-by income (as defi ned for the World Bank's 2018 fi scal year) and by region.These are presented in the maps on pages viii-xi.For more information, including details on the structure of the coding scheme; the methodology, concepts, defi nitions, coverage, periodicity, and development relevance of all WDI indicators; and the methods used for classifying countries for analytical purposes, please refer to http://datahelpdesk.worldbank.orgAll the fi gures in this Atlas are produced in R with ggplot2 or with QGIS.For a digital version of this publication and the source code for the majority of charts and maps, please refer to http://data.worldbank.org/sdgatlasExample: Despite its importance, enrollment in pre-primary education is not universal.Gross pre-primary enrollment ratio, most recent value in 2011-16 (%) about data selection, calculations, and definitions appear in notes.a. Footnotes appear like this.Source: UNESCO Institute for Statistics.World Development Indicators (SE.PRE.ENRR).

a
general audience.When both the public and policy makers share an evidence-based view of the world, real advances in social and economic development, such as achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), become possible.This Atlas of Sustainable Development Goals 2018 is a visual guide to the data on each of the 17 SDGs.With more than 180 annotated charts and maps, it presents this information in a way that is easy to browse, share, teach, and understand.You'll see both progress and possibility.Life expectancy has risen around the world since the 1960s, but even today, in low-income countries a third of all deaths are among children under age 5. New data show that only 69 percent of the world's adults have an account with a fi nancial institution or mobile money provider, and they're even less likely to have an account if they're women, younger, poorer, or less educated.The Atlas draws on World Development Indicators but also incorporates data from other sources.For example, research by Global Fishing Watch analyzes radio transmissions used by industrial fi shing vessels for collision detection to show the most heavily fi shed regions of the ocean and the impact humans are having on those ecosystems.The Atlas moves beyond averages and features local and disaggregated data.For instance, the discussion of air pollution presents national estimates for most countries, a subnational view showing variations within large countries such as China and India, and a year-long view showing a city's seasonal variation in pollution picked up by one sensor at Delhi Technological University.Given the breadth and scope of the SDGs, the Atlas is selective, emphasizing issues considered important by subject experts, data scientists, and statisticians at the World Bank.The foundation for any evidence is trust: trust that data have been collected, managed, and analyzed responsibly and trust that they have been faithfully presented.The Atlas is the fi rst World Bank publication that sets out to be computationally reproducible-the majority of its charts and maps are produced with published code, directly from public data sources such as the World Bank's Open Data platform.The Atlas distills the World Bank's knowledge of data related to the SDGs.I hope it inspires you to explore these issues further so that we can collectively accelerate progress toward achieving